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Grubić Kezele T, Ćurko-Cofek B. Neuroprotective Panel of Olive Polyphenols: Mechanisms of Action, Anti-Demyelination, and Anti-Stroke Properties. Nutrients 2022; 14:4533. [PMID: 36364796 PMCID: PMC9654510 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases such as stroke and multiple sclerosis are associated with high morbidity and mortality, long-term disability, and social and economic burden. Therefore, they represent a major challenge for medical treatment. Numerous evidences support the beneficial effects of polyphenols from olive trees, which can alleviate or even prevent demyelination, neurodegeneration, cerebrovascular diseases, and stroke. Polyphenols from olive oils, especially extra virgin olive oil, olive leaves, olive leaf extract, and from other olive tree derivatives, alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress, two major factors in demyelination. In addition, they reduce the risk of stroke due to their multiple anti-stroke effects, such as anti-atherosclerotic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, and anti-thrombotic effects. In addition, olive polyphenols have beneficial effects on the plasma lipid profiles and insulin sensitivity in obese individuals. This review provides an updated version of the beneficial properties and mechanisms of action of olive polyphenols against demyelination in the prevention/mitigation of multiple sclerosis, the most common non-traumatic neurological cause of impairment in younger adults, and against cerebral insult with increasing incidence, that has already reached epidemic proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Grubić Kezele
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Božena Ćurko-Cofek
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Alqarni MH, Salkini MA, Alam P, Alanazi MT, Abdel-Kader MS, El Sohafy SM. Assessment of seasonal variation of the bioactive oleuropein in Olea europaea L. leaves cultivated in Saudi Arabia. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2021.00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Plants secondary metabolites undergoes qualitative and quantitative variation due to environmental and growth factors. It is a crucial factor to select the proper time for collection of medicinal plants to assure maximum content of active components reflected as maximum efficacy. Olive leaves (Olea europaea L.) are known traditionally for their antidiabetic effect. The secoiridoid glycoside oleuropein is the main active component of Olive leaves responsible for the biological activity. The current study was conducted to monitor the seasonal variation of oleuropein in Olives leaves collected from the same location. To achieve this goal a validated HPLC method following the ICH guidelines was established. Separation was conducted using RP18 column and a mobile phase consisted of ultrapure water containing 20% acetonitrile and 1% acetic acid. Detection was performed at 254 nm with 1 mL/min flow rate. The method was simple, linear, accurate, precise, specific and robust. The analyses revealed considerable variations in the level of oleuropein throughout the year. This variation cannot be explained by temperature variation during the year. Two points of high levels of oleuropein were detected prior to flowering stage and ripening of the fruits. The levels of growth regulators most likely is responsible for the increased production of oleuropein. It is recommended that leaves intended for medicinal use to be collected during the fruiting stage prior to fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hamed Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Ayman Salkini
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Talal Alanazi
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Saad Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21215, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samah M. El Sohafy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21215, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abdel-Kader MS, Soliman GA, Abdel-Rahman RF, Saeedan AS, Abd-Elsalam RM, Ogaly HA. Effect of olive leaves extract on the antidiabetic effect of glyburide for possible herb-drug interaction. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:1182-1195. [PMID: 31885478 PMCID: PMC6921200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The concomitant use of olive leaves (OL) and glyburide (GLB) is a possible therapy for diabetic patients. However, there is no report about the effect of OL on the antidiabetic effect of GLB till now. In the current study, the possible interaction of olive leaves extract (OLE) with GLB was assessed to determine if there was any pharmacological benefit over GLB alone. Seven groups of male Sprague Dawley rats were used. Normal rats of the 1st group treated with 2 mL/kg of 3% Tween 80 (vehicle). The 2nd–5th groups were diabetic rats received vehicle, GLB (5 mg/kg), OLE low dose and OLE high dose respectively, while the 6th–7th groups administered combinations of GLB plus OLE low dose and GLB plus OLE high dose, respectively. All treatments were administered orally once daily for 8 weeks. The use of GLB+OLE-500 obviously improved fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetic rats (95.5 ± 5.55 mg/dL, 6.8 ± 0.16 mg/dL and 6.1 ± 0.29%, respectively) compared to those treated with GLB monotherapy (140.0 ± 6.36 mg/dL, 5.4 ± 0.19 mg/dL and 7.0 ± 0.20%, respectively). The lipid profile [triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)] was significantly improved in diabetic rats exposed to GLB+OLE-500 (35.6 ± 1.51 mg/dL, 48.5 ± 2.74 mg/dL, 25.1 ± 1.21 mg/dL and 17.0 ± 0.82 mg/dL, respectively) in comparison with diabetic group exposed to GLB alone (43.2 ± 2.15 mg/dL, 56.8 ± 2.14 mg/dL, 18.6 ± 0.96 mg/dL, 23.0 ± 1.26 mg/dL, respectively). Additionally, the benefit impacts of GLB+OLE-500GLB+OLE-500 therapy on the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation parameters in the pancreatic tissues of diabetic rats were higher than those of GLB monotherapy. Moreover, GLB plus OLE-500 combination had the greatest effect on restoration of the insulin content of Beta (β) cells and reduction of the glucagon and somatostatin of Alpha (α) and Delta (δ) endocrine cells in the pancreatic islets among the different treatment. The current study suggests that OL and GLB combination could cause herb-drug interactions through modulation of insulin receptor (INR), glucose transporter 2 (Slc2a2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) genes expression in the liver of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Abdulaziz S Saeedan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Vezza T, Rodríguez-Nogales A, Algieri F, Garrido-Mesa J, Romero M, Sánchez M, Toral M, Martín-García B, Gómez-Caravaca AM, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A, Micol V, García F, Utrilla MP, Duarte J, Rodríguez-Cabezas ME, Gálvez J. The metabolic and vascular protective effects of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract in diet-induced obesity in mice are related to the amelioration of gut microbiota dysbiosis and to its immunomodulatory properties. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104487. [PMID: 31610229 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have showed the beneficial effects of the olive (Olea europaea) leaf extract (OLE) in experimental models of metabolic syndrome, which have been ascribed to the presence of phenolic compounds, like oleuropeoside. This study evaluated the effects of a chemically characterized OLE in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice, describing the underlying mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects, with special attention to vascular dysfunction and gut microbiota composition. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were distributed in different groups: control, control-treated, obese and obese-treated with OLE (1, 10 and 25 mg/kg/day). Control mice received a standard diet, whereas obese mice were fed HFD. The treatment was followed for 5 weeks, and animal body weight periodically assessed. At the end of the treatment, metabolic plasma analysis (including lipid profile) as well as glucose and insulin levels were performed. The HFD-induced inflammatory status was studied in liver and fat, by determining the RNA expression of different inflammatory mediators by qPCR; also, different markers of intestinal epithelial barrier function were determined in colonic tissue by qPCR. Additionally, flow cytometry of immune cells from adipose tissue, endothelial dysfunction in aortic rings as well as gut microbiota composition were evaluated. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to antibiotic-treated mice fed with HFD was performed. RESULTS OLE administration reduced body weight gain, basal glycaemia and insulin resistance, and showed improvement in plasma lipid profile when compared with HFD-fed mice. The extract significantly ameliorated the HFD-induced altered expression of key adipogenic genes, like PPARs, adiponectin and leptin receptor, in adipose tissue. Furthermore, the extract reduced the RNA expression of Tnf-α, Il-1β, Il-6 in liver and adipose tissue, thus improving the tissue inflammatory status associated to obesity. The flow cytometry analysis in adipose tissue corroborated these observations. Additionally, the characterization of the colonic microbiota by sequencing showed that OLE administration was able to counteract the dysbiosis associated to obesity. The extract reversed the endothelial dysfunction observed in the aortic rings of obese mice. FMT from donors HFD-OLE to recipient mice fed an HFD prevented the development of obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSION OLE exerts beneficial effects in HFD-induced obesity in mice, which was associated to an improvement in plasma and tissue metabolic profile, inflammatory status, gut microbiota composition and vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vezza
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francesca Algieri
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - José Garrido-Mesa
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Romero
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Toral
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Research and Development Centre for Functional Food (CIDAF), PTS Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana M Gómez-Caravaca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Research and Development Centre for Functional Food (CIDAF), PTS Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Research and Development Centre for Functional Food (CIDAF), PTS Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Research and Development Centre for Functional Food (CIDAF), PTS Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Federico García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Clinical Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Red de Investigación en SIDA, Granada, Spain
| | - María Pilar Utrilla
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Duarte
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - María Elena Rodríguez-Cabezas
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Gálvez
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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Elimam DMA, Ibrahim ASU, Liou GI, Badria FAEAE. Olive and ginkgo extracts as potential cataract therapy with differential inhibitory activity on aldose reductase. Drug Discov Ther 2017; 11:41-46. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2016.01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Rezaei A, Farzadfard A, Amirahmadi A, Alemi M, Khademi M. Diabetes mellitus and its management with medicinal plants: A perspective based on Iranian research. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:567-616. [PMID: 26283471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Complementary and alternative medicine has been increasingly used to treat chronic illnesses, such as diabetes mellitus. However, various limitations in terms of their application and efficacies exist. Furthermore, there is still much to be done to discover the right herbal medicine for diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper aims to evaluate previous herbal studies on the management of diabetes mellitus, to address their strengths and weaknesses and propose a general framework for future studies. APPROACH AND METHODS Data sources such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Wiley were searched, limited to Iran, using 36 search terms such as herbal, traditional, medicine, and phytopharmacy in combination with diabetes and related complications. Reviewed articles were evaluated regarding the use of botanical nomenclature and included information on (1) identity of plants and plant parts used, (2) the processing procedure, and (3) the extraction process. The main outcomes were extracted and then surveyed in terms of the efficacies of herbs in the management of diabetes mellitus. Then a comparative study was performed between Iranian and non-Iranian studies with respect to herbs best studied in Iran. RESULTS Of the 82 herbs studied in Iran, only six herbs were endemic and 19 were studied in detail. Although most of the reviewed herbs were found to decrease the level of blood glucose (BG) and/or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in both Iranian and non-Iranian studies, information on their pharmacological mechanisms is scarce. However, the level of HbA1C was measured in a limited number of clinical trials or animal studies. Available information on both short- and long-term use of studied herbs on diabetes related complications and functions of involved organs as well as comorbid depression and/or simultaneous changes in lifestyle is also insufficient. Furthermore, little or no information on their phytochemical, toxicological, and herb-drug interaction properties is available. It is worth noting that the efficacy of the reviewed herbs has been studied scarcely in both humans and animals regarding both Iranian and non-Iranian studies. A significant number of reviewed articles failed to cite the scientific name of herbs and include information on the processing procedure and the extraction process. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of diabetes mellitus as a multifactorial disease using herbal medicines requires a comprehensive approach. In order to discover the right herbal medicine for the management of diabetes many other important factors than the levels of BG, HbA1C and insulin should be considered. According to our criteria, all the reviewed herbs suffered from inadequate investigation in human, animal and in vitro models in this respect, whereas they are worth investigating further. However, more research on endemic plants and the traditional history of herbal medicine is warranted. In our opinion, the pharmacological, toxicological, and phytochemical information should be obtained before clinical trials. Furthermore, information such as botanical scientific nomenclature, side effects, and toxicity will improve the quality and validity of publications in herbal research. In particular, designing a database covering all valid information about herbs and/or diseases will decrease unnecessary costs and increase the efficiency of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Rezaei
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran; Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.
| | - Azad Farzadfard
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Amirahmadi
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran; Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Maasoomeh Alemi
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran; Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mitra Khademi
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Hassen I, Casabianca H, Hosni K. Biological activities of the natural antioxidant oleuropein: Exceeding the expectation – A mini-review. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Saksida T, Vujicic M, Nikolic I, Stojanovic I, Haegeman G, Stosic-Grujicic S. Compound A, a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, inhibits immunoinflammatory diabetes, induced by multiple low doses of streptozotocin in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5898-909. [PMID: 25158597 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that develops as a result of deregulated immune responses, causing progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of pancreas. 2-((4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl) ethylammonium chloride, compound A (CpdA), is a selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist that displays strong anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. We investigated the therapeutic effectiveness of CpdA in a pharmacological model of type 1 diabetes in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The utility of CpdA in diabetes prevention was evaluated in vivo through its prophylactic administration to male C57BL/6 mice that received multiple low doses of streptozotocin for immunoinflammatory diabetes induction. The effect of CpdA on disease development was studied by measuring blood glucose and insulin level, histopathological examination, determination of the nature of infiltrating cells, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production, and signalling pathways. KEY RESULTS Prophylactic in vivo therapy with CpdA conferred protection against development of immunoinflammatory diabetes in mice by dampening the M1/Th1/Th17 immune response and switching it towards an anti-inflammatory M2/Th2/Treg profile, thus preserving beta cell function. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Anti-diabetic properties of CpdA are mediated through modulation of immune cell-mediated pathways, but without triggering adverse events. These findings provide basic information for the therapeutic use of selective GR agonists in the amelioration of islet-directed autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research 'Sinisa Stankovic', University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Nikolic I, Saksida T, Mangano K, Vujicic M, Stojanovic I, Nicoletti F, Stosic-Grujicic S. Pharmacological application of carbon monoxide ameliorates islet-directed autoimmunity in mice via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Diabetologia 2014; 57:980-90. [PMID: 24488023 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Recent studies have identified carbon monoxide (CO) as a potential therapeutic molecule for the treatment of autoimmune diseases owing to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. We explored the efficacy and the mechanisms of action of the CO-releasing molecule (CORM)-A1 in preclinical models of type 1 diabetes. METHODS The impact of CORM-A1 on diabetes development was evaluated in models of spontaneous diabetes in NOD mice and in diabetes induced in C57BL/6 mice by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS). Ex vivo analysis was performed to determine the impact of CORM-A1 both on T helper (Th) cell and macrophage differentiation and on their production of soluble mediators in peripheral tissues and in infiltrates of pancreatic islets. The potential effect of CORM-A1 on cytokine-induced apoptosis in pancreatic islets or beta cells was evaluated in vitro. RESULTS CORM-A1 conferred protection from diabetes in MLDS-induced mice and reduced diabetes incidence in NOD mice as confirmed by preserved insulin secretion and improved histological signs of the disease. In MLDS-challenged mice, CORM-A1 attenuated Th1, Th17, and M1 macrophage response and facilitated Th2 cell differentiation. In addition, CORM-A1 treatment in NOD mice upregulated the regulatory arm of the immune response (M2 macrophages and FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells). Importantly, CORM-A1 interfered with in vitro cytokine-induced beta cell apoptosis through the reduction of cytochrome c and caspase 3 levels. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The ability of CORM-A1 to protect mice from developing type 1 diabetes provides a valuable proof of concept for the potential exploitation of controlled CO delivery in clinical settings for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Nikolic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research 'Sinisa Stankovic', University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
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Park JH, Jung JH, Yang JY, Kim HS. Olive leaf down-regulates the oxidative stress and immune dysregulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Nutr Res 2013; 33:942-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Domingues A, Sartori A, Golim MA, Valente LMM, da Rosa LC, Ishikawa LLW, Siani AC, Viero RM. Prevention of experimental diabetes by Uncaria tomentosa extract: Th2 polarization, regulatory T cell preservation or both? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:635-642. [PMID: 21718770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC (Rubiaceae) is a species native to the Amazon rainforest and surrounding tropical areas that is endowed with immunomodulatory properties and widely used around the world. In this study we investigated the immunomodulatory potential of Uncaria tomentosa (UT) aqueous-ethanol extract on the progression of immune-mediated diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were injected with MLDS (40 mg/kg) and orally treated with UT at 10-400mg/kg during 21 days. Control groups received MLDS alone or the respective dilution vehicle. Pancreatic mononuclear infiltrate and β-cell insulin content were analyzed by HE and immunohistochemical staining, respectively, and measured by digital morphometry. Lymphocyte immunophenotyping and cytokine production were determined by flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Treating the animals with 50-400mg/kg of UT caused a significant reduction in the glycemic levels, as well as in the incidence of diabetes. The morphometric analysis of insulitis revealed a clear protective effect. Animals treated with UT at 400mg/kg presented a higher number of intact islets and a significant inhibition of destructive insulitis. Furthermore, a significant protection against the loss of insulin-secreting presented β-cells was achieved, as observed by a careful immunohistochemical evaluation. The phenotypic analysis indicated that the groups treated with higher doses (100-400mg/kg) presented CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell values similar to those observed in healthy animals. These same higher doses also increased the number of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T-cells. Moreover, the extract modulated the production of Th1 and Th2, with increased levels of IL-4 and IL-5. CONCLUSIONS The extract was effective to prevent the progression of immune-mediated diabetes by distinct pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cat's Claw/chemistry
- Cell Polarity/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ethanol/chemistry
- Flow Cytometry
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry
- Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping/methods
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Interleukin-5/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal
- Solvents/chemistry
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Th2 Cells/drug effects
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Time Factors
- Water/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Domingues
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-000, Brazil.
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13
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Cumaoğlu A, Ari N, Kartal M, Karasu Ç. Polyphenolic extracts from Olea europea L. protect against cytokine-induced β-cell damage through maintenance of redox homeostasis. Rejuvenation Res 2011; 14:325-34. [PMID: 21745095 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2010.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various pancreatic β-cell stressors, including cytokines, are known to induce oxidative stress, resulting in apoptotic/necrotic cell death and inhibition of insulin secretion. Traditionally, olive leaves or fruits are used for treating diabetes, but the cellular mechanism(s) of their effects are not known. We examined the effects of Olea europea L. (olive) leaf and fruit extracts and their component oleuropein on cytokine-induced β-cell toxicity. INS-1, an insulin-producing β-cell line, was preincubated with or without increasing concentrations of olive leaf or fruit extract or oleuropein for 24 hr followed by exposure to a cytokine cocktail containing 0.15 ng/mL interleukin-1β (IL-1β), 1 ng/mL interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and 1 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) for 6 hr. The cytotoxicity was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) testing. Apoptosis was quantified by detecting acridine orange/ethidium bromide-stained condensed nuclei under a fluorescent microscope. The cells exposed to cytokines had a higher apoptotic rate, a decreased viability (MTT), and an increased caspase 3/7 activity. Both extracts and oleuropein partially increased the proportion of living cells and improved the viability of cells after cytokines. The protective effects of extracts on live cell viability were mediated through the suppression of caspase 3/7 activity. Oleuropein did not decrease the amount of both apoptotic and necrotic cells, whereas extracts significantly protected cells against cytokine-induced death. Cytokines led to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibited glutathione level, superoxide dismutase activity, and insulin secretion in INS-1. Insulin secretion was almost completely protected by leaf extract, but was partially affected by fruit extract or oleuropein. Neither cytokines nor olive derivatives had a significant effect on cellular cytochrome c release and catalase activity. Moreover, the cells incubated with each extract or oleuropein showed a significant reduction in cytokine-induced ROS production and ameliorated abnormal antioxidant defense. The molecular mechanism by which olive polyphenols inhibit cytokine-mediated β-cell toxicity appears to be involving the maintenance of redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Cumaoğlu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Mijatovic SA, Timotijevic GS, Miljkovic DM, Radovic JM, Maksimovic-Ivanic DD, Dekanski DP, Stosic-Grujicic SD. Multiple antimelanoma potential of dry olive leaf extract. Int J Cancer 2011; 128:1955-65. [PMID: 20568104 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Various constituents of the olive tree (Olea europaea) have been traditionally used in the treatment of infection, inflammation, prevention of chronic diseases, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. The anticancer potential of dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) represents the net effect of multilevel interactions between different biologically active compounds from the extract, cancer cells and conventional therapy. In this context, it was of primary interest to evaluate the influence of DOLE on progression of the highly malignant, immuno- and chemoresistant type of skin cancer-melanoma. DOLE significantly inhibited proliferation and subsequently restricted clonogenicity of the B16 mouse melanoma cell line in vitro. Moreover, late phase tumor treatment with DOLE significantly reduced tumor volume in a syngeneic strain of mice. DOLE-treated B16 cells were blocked in the G(0) /G(1) phase of the cell cycle, underwent early apoptosis and died by late necrosis. At the molecular level, the dying process started as caspase dependent, but finalized as caspase independent. In concordance, overexpression of antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, and diminished expression of their natural antagonists, Bim and p53, were observed. Despite molecular suppression of the proapoptotic process, DOLE successfully promoted cell death mainly through disruption of cell membrane integrity and late caspase-independent fragmentation of genetic material. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that DOLE possesses strong antimelanoma potential. When DOLE was applied in combination with different chemotherapeutics, various outcomes, including synergy and antagonism, were observed. This requires caution in the use of the extract as a supplementary antitumor therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja A Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.
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15
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Dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) down-regulates the progression of experimental immune-mediated diabetes by modulation of cytokine profile in the draining lymph nodes. ARCH BIOL SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.2298/abs1102289s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated the beneficial effects of dry olive leaf
extract (DOLE) in two preclinical models of type 1 diabetes. Here we analyze
the potential mechanisms underlying diabetes amelioration at the level of
lymph node drainage. Treatment of C57BL/6 mice with DOLE during induction of
diabetes with multiple low doses of streptozotocin (MLD-SZ) modulated
cytokine expression and production in pancreatic lymph node cells, thereby
changing the balance between potentially pathogenic and down-regulating
cytokines. These results support the immunoregulatory potential of DOLE which
takes place at the level of lymph node drainage and preserves the target
tissue from autoimmune attack.
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