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Maslanka R, Bednarska S, Zadrag-Tecza R. Virtually identical does not mean exactly identical: Discrepancy in energy metabolism between glucose and fructose fermentation influences the reproductive potential of yeast cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 756:110021. [PMID: 38697344 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The physiological efficiency of cells largely depends on the possibility of metabolic adaptations to changing conditions, especially on the availability of nutrients. Central carbon metabolism has an essential role in cellular function. In most cells is based on glucose, which is the primary energy source, provides the carbon skeleton for the biosynthesis of important cell macromolecules, and acts as a signaling molecule. The metabolic flux between pathways of carbon metabolism such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is dynamically adjusted by specific cellular economics responding to extracellular conditions and intracellular demands. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells and potentially similar fermentable carbon sources i.e. glucose and fructose we analyzed the parameters concerning the metabolic status of the cells and connected with them alteration in cell reproductive potential. Those parameters were related to the specific metabolic network: the hexose uptake - glycolysis and activity of the cAMP/PKA pathway - pentose phosphate pathway and biosynthetic capacities - the oxidative respiration and energy generation. The results showed that yeast cells growing in a fructose medium slightly increased metabolism redirection toward respiratory activity, which decreased pentose phosphate pathway activity and cellular biosynthetic capabilities. These differences between the fermentative metabolism of glucose and fructose, lead to long-term effects, manifested by changes in the maximum reproductive potential of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Maslanka
- Institute of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Sabina Bednarska
- Institute of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- Institute of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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2
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Barbagallo M. Magnesium and the Hallmarks of Aging. Nutrients 2024; 16:496. [PMID: 38398820 PMCID: PMC10892939 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium is an essential ion in the human body that regulates numerous physiological and pathological processes. Magnesium deficiency is very common in old age. Age-related chronic diseases and the aging process itself are frequently associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, called 'inflammaging'. Because chronic magnesium insufficiency has been linked to excessive generation of inflammatory markers and free radicals, inducing a chronic inflammatory state, we formerly hypothesized that magnesium inadequacy may be considered among the intermediaries helping us explain the link between inflammaging and aging-associated diseases. We show in this review evidence of the relationship of magnesium with all the hallmarks of aging (genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, disabled autophagy, dysbiosis, and chronic inflammation), which may positively affect the human healthspan. It is feasible to hypothesize that maintaining an optimal balance of magnesium during one's life course may turn out to be a safe and economical strategy contributing to the promotion of healthy aging. Future well-designed studies are necessary to further explore this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- School of Medicine, “Kore” University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy;
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
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3
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Zhu X, Xue J, Maimaitituerxun R, Xu H, Zhou Q, Zhou Q, Dai W, Chen W. Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:243-251. [PMID: 37845359 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between macronutrient intake and biological age. METHODS Data were collected from 26,381 adults who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Two biological ages were estimated using the Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) and PhenoAge algorithms. Biological age acceleration (AA) was computed as the difference between biological age and chronological age. The associations between macronutrient intakes and AA were investigated. RESULTS After fully adjusting for confounding factors, negative associations were observed between AA and fiber intake (KDM-AA: β - 0.53, 95% CI - 0.62, - 0.43, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.30, 95% CI - 0.35, - 0.25, P < 0.05). High-quality carbohydrate intake was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β - 0.57, 95% CI - 0.67, - 0.47, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.32, 95% CI - 0.37, - 0.26, P < 0.05), while low-quality carbohydrate was associated with increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.30, 95% CI 0.21, 0.38, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.11, 0.21, P < 0.05). Plant protein was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β - 0.39, 95% CI - 0.51, - 0.27, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.21, 95% CI - 0.26, - 0.15, P < 0.05). Long-chain SFA intake increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.08, 0.24, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.11, 95% CI 0.07, 0.15, P < 0.05). ω-3 PUFA was associated with decreased KDM-AA (β - 0.18, 95% CI - 0.27, - 0.08, P < 0.05) and PhenoAge acceleration (β - 0.09, 95% CI - 0.13, - 0.04, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that dietary fiber, high-quality carbohydrate, plant protein, and ω-3 PUFA intake may have a protective effect against AA, while low-quality carbohydrate and long-chain SFA intake may increase AA. Therefore, dietary interventions aimed at modifying macronutrient intakes may be useful in preventing or delaying age-related disease and improving overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Scientific Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Science and Education, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, 415000, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenhang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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4
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Gillies NA, Sharma P, Han SM, Teh R, Fraser K, Roy NC, Cameron-Smith D, Milan AM. The acute postprandial response of homocysteine to multivitamin and mineral supplementation with a standard meal is not impaired in older compared to younger adults. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1309-1322. [PMID: 36539620 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE B vitamins are required for the complex regulation of homocysteine and one-carbon (1C) metabolism. Nutritional supplements are frequently used by older adults to counter nutritional inadequacies. However, the postprandial use of B vitamins from supplements in 1C metabolism may be altered with age owing to impaired nutrient absorption and metabolic regulation. Despite implications for health and nutritional status, postprandial 1C metabolite responses have not been characterised in older adults. METHODS Healthy older (n = 20, 65-76 years) and younger (n = 20, 19-30 years) participants were recruited through online and printed advertisements in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants consumed a multivitamin and mineral supplement with a standard breakfast meal. Blood samples were collected at baseline and hourly for 4 h following ingestion. Plasma 1C metabolites (betaine, choline, cysteine, dimethylglycine, glycine, methionine, serine) were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Serum homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 were quantified on a Cobas e411 autoanalyzer. RESULTS Older adults had higher fasting homocysteine concentrations (older: 14.0 ± 2.9 µmol/L; younger: 12.2 ± 2.5 µmol/L; p = 0.036) despite higher folate (older: 36.7 ± 17.4 nmol/L; younger: 21.6 ± 7.6 nmol/L; p < 0.001) and similar vitamin B12 concentrations (p = 0.143) to younger adults. However, a similar postprandial decline in homocysteine was found in older and younger subjects in response to the combined meal and supplement. Except for a faster decline of cystathionine in older adults (p = 0.003), the postprandial response of other 1C metabolites was similar between young and older adults. CONCLUSION Healthy older adults appear to maintain postprandial responsiveness of 1C metabolism to younger adults, supported by a similar postprandial decline in homocysteine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Gillies
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Pankaja Sharma
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Soo Min Han
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ruth Teh
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Amber M Milan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054491. [PMID: 36901921 PMCID: PMC10003249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologies that are associated with aging, in order to increase the quality of life of the aging population. In this review we analyze the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with more favorable aging patterns, as well as its possible role as an anti-aging treatment.
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Current and past factors affecting the quality of aging in a sample of Spanish elderly. J Biosoc Sci 2022:1-15. [PMID: 36220455 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932022000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process influenced by both biological and sociocultural factors. The objective of this study was to identify current and past factors with an impact on the quality of aging in a sample of people 65 years of age or older born in the postwar period after the Spanish civil war. Socioeconomic, health, anthropometric, and food consumption data were collected in public Leisure Centers for the elderly in Madrid. The sample consists of 587 people (64.6% women), with a mean age of 71.8 ±5.3 years. Following the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines regarding what is considered Healthy Aging, an index called the Index of Quality of Aging was calculated from four variables: the Mini Mental State Examination score, perception of health, satisfaction with life and the number of diseases that affect daily life. Another index called the Diet Inflammation Index was created based on the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory potential of different foods. The Index of Quality of Ageing was used as a dependent variable in linear regression models for men and women. Differences by gender were observed in the factors that influence the quality of aging. Education had a positive influence on men quality of ageing while it does not on women. In these, a relationship between the quality of the current diet and the quality of aging was observed.
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Relationship between Dietary Macronutrients Intake and the ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale: Results from the Polish Arm of the HAPIEE Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122454. [PMID: 35745184 PMCID: PMC9229969 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite extensive research, our knowledge on the relationship between nutrition and healthy ageing is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between the intake of macronutrients and a single measure of healthy ageing (ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from 9906 randomly selected citizens of Krakow (Poland) who were 45–69 years of age and participants of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study. Macronutrient intake was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. ATHLOS Health Ageing Scale was estimated from 41 variables in pooled data from 16 cohorts. Standardized beta coefficients were estimated using multivariable linear regression models. Results: In multivariable adjusted models, there were significant positive associations between the ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale score and intake of protein (b = 0.030, 95% CI 0.001; 0.059 in men; b = 0.056, 95% CI 0.027; 0.085 in women), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (b = 0.042, 95% CI 0.013; 0.071 in men; b = 0.035, 95% CI 0.006; 0.064 in women), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (b = 0.053, 95% CI 0.024; 0.082 in men; b = 0.063, 95% CI 0.034; 0.092 in women), and omega-3 PUFA (b = 0.031, 95% CI 0.002;0.060 in men; b = 0.054, 95% CI 0.026; 0.082 in women). Carbohydrate intake was inversely associated with the ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale in women. Total fat intake was positively associated with the ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale in men. Conclusions: A number of nutrients were associated with the healthy ageing score, suggesting that dietary habits may play an important role in healthy ageing. Further research in other settings and with a prospective design is strongly warranted.
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Dietary Intervention Effectiveness, Clinical Outcomes and Nutrient and Salicylate Intakes in Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Homes: The Results from the Senior’s Plate Project. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040871. [PMID: 35215521 PMCID: PMC8880060 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal nutrition is an important part of the therapeutic process offered to patients in long-term care, as it can significantly influence their nutritional and health status. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of a dietary intervention on the nutritional status, clinical outcomes and selected nutrient and salicylate intakes among older adults living in a long-term care nursing home. To achieve the research goal, a prospective, non-randomized, baseline-controlled intervention study was conducted. The study was conducted within the framework of the “Senior’s Plate Project”, a project established in 2018 by the Polish Society of Dietetics. Methods: A 3 month dietary intervention, which included one serving of supplementary food, served as a second breakfast (Nestle Sinlac). Energy, nutrients and salicylates intakes were estimated on the basis of the menus. Food and beverage intakes among residents were verified by health care personnel. Anthropometric measurements and clinical examinations were conducted according to standard procedures at baseline and after intervention. Results: Of the 38 residents qualified for the study, 29 completed the program. Residents’ body mass index (BMI) values ranged from 13.3 kg/m2 to 34 kg/m2. A BMI <22 kg/m2, indicating underweight, was found in 19 subjects. The dietary intervention resulted in increased body weight (57.8 ± 12.3 vs. 59.4 ± 12.6 kg), BMI (22.4 ± 4.0 vs. 23.0 ± 4.1 kg/m2) and body fat (19.2 ± 8.7 vs. 20.6 ± 8.9 kg). Significant changes in the levels of biochemical parameters, including serum calcium (8.7 vs. 9.5 mg/dL), potassium (4.1 ± 0.6 vs. 4.5 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and zinc (74.1 ± 10.9 vs. 109.0 ± 20.4 µg/dL), were observed. Energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes were significantly higher in the third month of the intervention as compared to the baseline. The estimated medial daily intake of salicylates was low and ranged from 0.34 mg to 0.39 mg. Conclusions: The dietary intervention resulted in beneficial and significant changes in the nutritional status, biochemical parameters and nutrition of residents of the long-term care home. These results suggest that practical and individualized approaches are required to improve the nutritional status and clinical outcomes of nursing homes residents.
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Shannon OM, Ashor AW, Scialo F, Saretzki G, Martin-Ruiz C, Lara J, Matu J, Griffiths A, Robinson N, Lillà L, Stevenson E, Stephan BCM, Minihane AM, Siervo M, Mathers JC. Mediterranean diet and the hallmarks of ageing. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1176-1192. [PMID: 33514872 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is a multifactorial process associated with reduced function and increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Recently, nine cellular and molecular hallmarks of ageing have been identified, which characterise the ageing process, and collectively, may be key determinants of the ageing trajectory. These include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication. Healthier dietary patterns reduce the risk of age-related diseases and increase longevity and may influence positively one or more of these hallmarks. The Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) is a plant-based eating pattern that was typical of countries such as Greece, Spain, and Italy pre-globalisation of the food system and which is associated with better health during ageing. Here we review the potential effects of a MedDiet on each of the nine hallmarks of ageing, and provide evidence that the MedDiet as a whole, or individual elements of this dietary pattern, may influence each hallmark positively-effects which may contribute to the beneficial effects of this dietary pattern on age-related disease risk and longevity. We also highlight potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ammar W Ashor
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Filippo Scialo
- Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Saretzki
- Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- Bioscience Institute, Bioscreening Core Facility, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Jose Lara
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Jamie Matu
- School of Clinical Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds,, LS1 3HE, UK
| | - Alex Griffiths
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity & Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds,, LS163QS, UK
| | - Natassia Robinson
- Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Lionetti Lillà
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Emma Stevenson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Blossom C M Stephan
- Institute of Mental Health, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Marie Minihane
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham,, NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE2 4HH, UK
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Gillies NA, Franzke B, Wessner B, Schober-Halper B, Hofmann M, Oesen S, Tosevska A, Strasser EM, Roy NC, Milan AM, Cameron-Smith D, Wagner KH. Nutritional supplementation alters associations between one-carbon metabolites and cardiometabolic risk profiles in older adults: a secondary analysis of the Vienna Active Ageing Study. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:169-182. [PMID: 34240265 PMCID: PMC8783863 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline, predominant in ageing populations, share common features of dysregulated one-carbon (1C) and cardiometabolic homeostasis. However, few studies have addressed the impact of multifaceted lifestyle interventions in older adults that combine both nutritional supplementation and resistance training on the co-regulation of 1C metabolites and cardiometabolic markers. Methods 95 institutionalised older adults (83 ± 6 years, 88.4% female) were randomised to receive resistance training with or without nutritional supplementation (Fortifit), or cognitive training (control for socialisation) for 6 months. Fasting plasma 1C metabolite concentrations, analysed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and cardiometabolic parameters were measured at baseline and the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Results Regardless of the intervention group, choline was elevated after 3 months, while cysteine and methionine remained elevated after 6 months (mixed model time effects, p < 0.05). Elevated dimethylglycine and lower betaine concentrations were correlated with an unfavourable cardiometabolic profile at baseline (spearman correlations, p < 0.05). However, increasing choline and dimethylglycine concentrations were associated with improvements in lipid metabolism in those receiving supplementation (regression model interaction, p < 0.05). Conclusion Choline metabolites, including choline, betaine and dimethylglycine, were central to the co-regulation of 1C metabolism and cardiometabolic health in older adults. Metabolites that indicate upregulated betaine-dependent homocysteine remethylation were elevated in those with the greatest cardiometabolic risk at baseline, but associated with improvements in lipid parameters following resistance training with nutritional supplementation. The relevance of how 1C metabolite status might be optimised to protect against cardiometabolic dysregulation requires further attention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02607-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Gillies
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Bernhard Franzke
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schober-Halper
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Hofmann
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Oesen
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anela Tosevska
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Strasser
- Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital - Social Medical Center South, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Food, Nutrition and Health, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand.,The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amber M Milan
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Food, Nutrition and Health, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand.,The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Opstad TB, Sundfør T, Tonstad S, Seljeflot I. Effect of intermittent and continuous caloric restriction on Sirtuin1 concentration depends on sex and body mass index. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1871-1878. [PMID: 33975734 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The favorable effect of caloric restriction (CR) on health span is well known and partly mediated by the sirtuin system. Sirtuin1, a regulator of energy homeostasis in response to nutrient availability, is activated by CR. We therefore investigated effects of two different CR regimens on Sirtuin1 concentrations. METHODS & RESULTS The study included 112 abdominally obese subjects, randomized to intermittent or continuous CR for 1 year. Blood samples and anthropometric measures were collected at baseline and after 12 months. Sirtuin1 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Sirtuin1 correlated significantly to BMI at baseline (r = .232, p = 0.019). Mean reduction in body-weight was 8.0 and 9.0 kg after intermittent and continuous CR, respectively. After 1 year, no significant between-group differences in Sirtuin1 levels were observed according to regimen (p = 0.98) and sex (p = 0.41). An increase in median Sirtuin1 concentrations (pg/mL) [25, 75 percentiles] from baseline was observed after intermittent CR in the total population (884 [624, 1285] vs.762 [530, 1135]; p = 0.041), most marked in men (820 [623, 1250] vs. 633 [524, 926]; p = 0.016). Improvement in BMI after 1 year correlated to Sirtuin1 changes, but varied according to sex. In women, Spearman's rho = .298, p = 0.034, with stronger correlation in the intermittent CR group (r = .424, p = 0.049). In men, there was an inverse relation to Sirtuin1 changes, only in the intermittent CR group (r = -.396, p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Effects on Sirtuin1 concentrations after 1 year of CR are sex and BMI-related. Intermittent CR regimen affected Sirtuin1 to a stronger extent than continuous CR, suggesting individualized dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine B Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tine Sundfør
- Section of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - Serena Tonstad
- Section of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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12
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Gillies NA, Milan AM, Chia PHP, Sharma P, Mitchell SM, Zeng N, Ramzan F, D'Souza RF, Mitchell CJ, Knowles SO, Andraos S, Sjödin A, Wagner KH, Roy NC, Cameron-Smith D. Responsiveness of one-carbon metabolites to a high-protein diet in older men: Results from a 10-wk randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 2021; 89:111231. [PMID: 33930787 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary strategies to promote successful aging are divergent. Higher-protein diets are recommended to preserve skeletal muscle mass and physical function. Conversely, increased B-vitamin intake, supporting one-carbon (1C) metabolism, reduces the risk of cognitive decline and cardiovascular disease. On the hypothesis that higher protein intake through animal-based sources will benefit 1C regulation by the supply of B vitamins (folate, riboflavin, and vitamins B6 and B12) and methyl donors (choline) despite higher methionine intake, this study explored the effect of a higher-protein diet on 1C metabolite status in older men compared to current protein recommendations. METHODS Older men (age, 74 ± 3 y) were randomized to receive a diet for 10 wk containing either the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of protein (0.8 g/kg body weight/d, n = 14), or double that amount (2RDA, n = 15), with differences in protein accounted for by modifying carbohydrate intake. Intervention diets were matched to each individual's energy requirements based on the Harris-Benedict equation and adjusted fortnightly as required depending on physical activity and satiety. Fasting plasma 1C metabolite concentrations were quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry at baseline and after 10 wk of intervention. RESULTS Plasma homocysteine concentrations were reduced from baseline to follow-up with both diets. Changes in metabolite ratios reflective of betaine-dependent homocysteine remethylation were specific to the RDA diet, with an increase in the betaine-to-choline ratio and a decrease in the dimethylglycine-to-betaine ratio. Comparatively, increasing folate intake was positively associated with a change in choline concentration and inversely with the betaine-to-choline ratio for the 2RDA group. CONCLUSIONS Adding to the known benefits of higher protein intake in older people, this study supports a reduction of homocysteine with increased consumption of animal-based protein, although the health effects of differential response of choline metabolites to a higher-protein diet remain uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Gillies
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Amber M Milan
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Food Nutrition & Health, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand; The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pamela H P Chia
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pankaja Sharma
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Sarah M Mitchell
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nina Zeng
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Farha Ramzan
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Randall F D'Souza
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron J Mitchell
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Scott O Knowles
- Food Nutrition & Health, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Anders Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Food Nutrition & Health, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand; The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Sinapore.
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13
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Hogan MJ, Harney OM, Hanlon M, Pilch M, Walsh JC. Personalised nutrition for older adults: design challenges, SME barriers, and options and competencies for innovation. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:816-832. [PMID: 33455470 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1869922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Personalised nutrition (PN) products and services have the potential to enhance the health and quality of life of older adults. However, PN innovation is challenging and requires specific competencies and supportive collaborations. This paper reports findings from a Collective Intelligence Scenario-Based Design session conducted with PN experts as part of the Horizon 2020 project INCluSilver, which aims to support the development of products, services, and systems that improve the health and quality of life of older adults through innovation in PN. Experts identified challenges to the design of PN products and services and barriers that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face when innovating PN products and services for older adults. Options to address these barriers were generated and specific SME competencies supporting PN innovation were identified. This study provides a useful framework for understanding the challenges, opportunities, and key competencies needed to innovate PN products and services for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hogan
- School of Psychology, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - O M Harney
- The Ryan Institute, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Hanlon
- School of Psychology, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Pilch
- Centre for Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J C Walsh
- School of Psychology, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
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14
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Capper TE, Houghton D, Stewart CJ, Blain AP, McMahon N, Siervo M, West DJ, Stevenson EJ. Whole beetroot consumption reduces systolic blood pressure and modulates diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in older participants. NFS JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Bardon LA, Streicher M, Corish CA, Clarke M, Power LC, Kenny RA, O'Connor DM, Laird E, O'Connor EM, Visser M, Volkert D, Gibney ER. Predictors of Incident Malnutrition in Older Irish Adults from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing Cohort-A MaNuEL study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:249-256. [PMID: 30256900 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults are at increased risk of malnutrition, which is associated with poorer health, quality of life, and worse disease outcomes. This study identifies predictors of incident malnutrition using data from a subsample (n = 1,841) of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Participants were excluded if they were less than 65 years, missing body mass index data at baseline or follow-up, missing baseline weight loss data or malnourished at baseline (body mass index <20 kg/m2 or unplanned weight loss ≥4.5 kg in the previous year). Logistic regression analysis was performed with incident malnutrition (body mass index <20 kg/m2 and/or calculated weight loss >10% over follow-up) as the dependent variable. Factors showing significant (p < .05) univariate associations with incident malnutrition were entered into a multivariate model. The analysis was then repeated, stratified by sex. The 2-year incidence of malnutrition was 10.7%. Unmarried/separated/divorced status (vs married but not widowed), hospitalization in the previous year, difficulties walking 100 m, or climbing stairs independently predicted incident malnutrition at follow-up. When examined by sex, hospitalization in the previous year, falls during follow-up, and self-reported difficulties climbing stairs predicted malnutrition in males. Receiving social support and cognitive impairment predicted malnutrition in females. The development of malnutrition has a range of predictors. These can be assessed using simple questions to identify vulnerable persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Bardon
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melanie Streicher
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Clare A Corish
- UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Clarke
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lauren C Power
- UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.,Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James's Hospital, Dublin.,Department of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deirdre M O'Connor
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.,Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James's Hospital, Dublin.,Department of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon Laird
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eibhlis M O'Connor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothee Volkert
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Rolt A, Cox LS. Structural basis of the anti-ageing effects of polyphenolics: mitigation of oxidative stress. BMC Chem 2020; 14:50. [PMID: 32793891 PMCID: PMC7417423 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing, and particularly the onset of age-related diseases, is associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage. Polyphenolic natural products such as stilbenoids, flavonoids and chalcones have been shown to be effective at ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis and cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo. Here we aim to identify the structural basis underlying the pharmacology of polyphenols towards ROS and related biochemical pathways involved in age-related disease. We compile and describe SAR trends across different polyphenol chemotypes including stilbenoids, flavonoids and chalcones, review their different molecular targets and indications, and identify common structural ground between chemotypes and mechanisms of action. In particular, we focus on the structural requirements for the direct scavenging of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species such as radicals as well as coordination of a broader antioxidant response. We further suggest that it is important to consider multiple (rather than single) biological activities when identifying and developing new medicinal chemistry entities with utility in modulating complex biological properties such as cell ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Rolt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU UK
| | - Lynne S Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU UK
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17
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Foscolou A, D’Cunha NM, Naumovski N, Tyrovolas S, Chrysohoou C, Rallidis L, Polychronopoulos E, Matalas AL, Sidossis LS, Panagiotakos D. The association between the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and successful aging: An analysis of the ATTICA and MEDIS (MEDiterranean Islands Study) epidemiological studies. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 89:104044. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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The association of animal and plant protein with successful ageing: a combined analysis of MEDIS and ATTICA epidemiological studies. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:2215-2224. [PMID: 32434609 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences between the consumption of plant-based v. animal-based protein-rich diets on successful ageing, as well as to identify the optimal combination of dietary protein intake for facilitating successful ageing in people aged >50 years. DESIGN A combined analysis was conducted in older adults of the ATTICA and MEDIS population-based cross-sectional studies. Anthropometrical, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle parameters, dietary habits and level of protein intake were derived through standard procedures. Successful ageing was evaluated using the validated Successful Aging Index (SAI) composed of ten health-related social, lifestyle and clinical characteristics. SETTING Athens area and twenty Greek islands. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3349 Greek women and men over 50 years old. RESULTS Participants with high consumption of plant proteins were more likely to be male, physically active, with higher daily energy intake, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and higher level of SAI (P < 0·001). Participants with 'Low animal & High plant' and 'High animal & High plant' protein consumption had a 6 and 7 % higher SAI score, respectively, compared with the other participants (P < 0·001). In contrast, 'Low animal & Low plant' and 'High animal & Low plant' protein intake was negatively associated with SAI as compared to the combination of all other consumption categories (P < 0·02). CONCLUSIONS The consumption of a plant-based protein-rich diet seems to be a beneficial nutritional choice that should be promoted and encouraged to older people since it may benefit both individual's health and prolong successful ageing.
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19
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Rodriguez-Mateos A, Istas G, Boschek L, Feliciano RP, Mills CE, Boby C, Gomez-Alonso S, Milenkovic D, Heiss C. Circulating Anthocyanin Metabolites Mediate Vascular Benefits of Blueberries: Insights From Randomized Controlled Trials, Metabolomics, and Nutrigenomics. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:967-976. [PMID: 30772905 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Potential health benefits of blueberries may be due to vascular effects of anthocyanins that predominantly circulate in blood as phenolic acid metabolites. We investigated which role blueberry anthocyanins and circulating metabolites play in mediating improvements in vascular function and explore potential mechanisms using metabolomics and nutrigenomics. Purified anthocyanins exerted a dose-dependent improvement of endothelial function in healthy humans, as measured by flow-mediated dilation. The effects were similar to those of wild blueberries containing similar amounts of anthocyanins, whereas control drinks containing fiber, minerals, or vitamins had no significant effect. Daily 1-month wild blueberry consumption increased flow-mediated dilation and lowered 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure. Of the 63 anthocyanin plasma metabolites quantified, 14 and 21 correlated with acute and chronic flow-mediated dilation improvements, respectively. Injection of these metabolites improved flow-mediated dilation in mice. Daily wild blueberry consumption led to differential expression (>1.2-fold) of 608 genes and 3 microRNAs, with Mir-181c showing a 13-fold increase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Patterns of 13 metabolites were independent predictors of gene expression changes and pathway enrichment analysis revealed significantly modulated biological processes involved in cell adhesion, migration, immune response, and cell differentiation. Our results identify anthocyanin metabolites as major mediators of vascular bioactivities of blueberries and changes of cellular gene programs. Trial registration: NCT025208.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, UK.,Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Geoffrey Istas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, UK.,Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Boschek
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rodrigo P Feliciano
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Charlotte E Mills
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, UK.,Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Céline Boby
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sergio Gomez-Alonso
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | - Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Düsseldorf, Germany.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford.,Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill, UK
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20
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Maslanka R, Zadrag-Tecza R. Less is more or more is less: Implications of glucose metabolism in the regulation of the reproductive potential and total lifespan of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17622-17638. [PMID: 30805924 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are dietary nutrients that have an influence on cells physiology, cell reproductive capacity and, consequently, the lifespan of organisms. They are used in cellular processes after conversion to glucose, which is the primary source of energy and carbon skeleton for biosynthetic processes. Studies of the influence of glucose on cellular parameters and lifespan of organisms are primarily concerned with the effect of low glucose concentration defined as calorie restriction conditions. However, the effect of high glucose concentration on cell physiology is also very important. Thus, a comparative analysis of the effects of low and high glucose concentration conditions on cell efficiency was proposed with regard to reproductive capacity and total lifespan of the cell. Glucose concentration determines the type of metabolism and biosynthetic capabilities, which in turn, through the regulation on the cell size, may affect the reproductive capacity of cells. This study was conducted on yeast cells of wild-type and mutant strains Δgpa2 and Δgpr1 with glucose signalling pathway impairment. Such an experimental model enabled testing both the role of glucose concentration in the regulation of metabolic changes and the extent to which these changes depend on the extracellular or intracellular glucose concentrations. It has been shown here that calorie/glucose excess connected with changes in cell metabolic fluxes increases biosynthetic capabilities of yeast cells. This leads to an increase in cell dry weight accompanied by the increase in cell size and a simultaneous decrease in the reproductive potential and the overall length of cell life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Maslanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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21
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The associations of dietary patterns with all-cause mortality and other lifestyle factors in the elderly: An age-specific prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:288-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Burton DGA, Wilmot C, Griffiths HR. Personalising nutrition for older adults: The InCluSilver project. NUTR BULL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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23
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Navas-Carretero S, San-Cristobal R, Livingstone KM, Celis-Morales C, Marsaux CF, Macready AL, Fallaize R, O'Donovan CB, Forster H, Woolhead C, Moschonis G, Lambrinou CP, Jarosz M, Manios Y, Daniel H, Gibney ER, Brennan L, Walsh MC, Drevon CA, Gibney M, Saris WHM, Lovegrove JA, Mathers JC, Martinez JA. Higher vegetable protein consumption, assessed by an isoenergetic macronutrient exchange model, is associated with a lower presence of overweight and obesity in the web-based Food4me European study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 70:240-253. [PMID: 30049236 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1492524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate differences in macronutrient intake and to investigate the possible association between consumption of vegetable protein and the risk of overweight/obesity, within the Food4Me randomised, online intervention. Differences in macronutrient consumption among the participating countries grouped by EU Regions (Western Europe, British Isles, Eastern Europe and Southern Europe) were assessed. Relation of protein intake, within isoenergetic exchange patterns, from vegetable or animal sources with risk of overweight/obesity was assessed through the multivariate nutrient density model and a multivariate-adjusted logistic regression. A total of 2413 subjects who completed the Food4Me screening were included, with self-reported data on age, weight, height, physical activity and dietary intake. As success rates on reducing overweight/obesity are very low, form a public health perspective, the elaboration of policies for increasing intakes of vegetable protein and reducing animal protein and sugars, may be a method of combating overweight/obesity at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Navas-Carretero
- a Department of Nutrition Food Science and Physiology , Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.,b CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain
| | - Rodrigo San-Cristobal
- a Department of Nutrition Food Science and Physiology , Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Katherine M Livingstone
- c Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle Upon Tyne , UK
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- c Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle Upon Tyne , UK
| | - Cyril F Marsaux
- d Department of Human Biology , NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism. Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Anna L Macready
- e Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading , Reading , UK
| | - Rosalind Fallaize
- e Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading , Reading , UK
| | - Clare B O'Donovan
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - Hannah Forster
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - Clara Woolhead
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - George Moschonis
- g Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Harokopio University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Christina P Lambrinou
- g Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Harokopio University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Yannis Manios
- g Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Harokopio University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- i ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences , Biochemistry Unit, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - Marianne C Walsh
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - Christian A Drevon
- j Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Mike Gibney
- f UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Republic of Ireland
| | - Wim H M Saris
- d Department of Human Biology , NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism. Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- e Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading , Reading , UK
| | - John C Mathers
- c Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle Upon Tyne , UK
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- a Department of Nutrition Food Science and Physiology , Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.,b CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.,k Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IDisNa) , Pamplona , Spain.,l Institute IMDEA Food , Madrid , Spain
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24
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Maslanka R, Kwolek-Mirek M, Zadrag-Tecza R. Consequences of calorie restriction and calorie excess for the physiological parameters of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 17:4628043. [PMID: 29145638 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose plays an important role in cell metabolism and has an impact on cellular physiology. Changes in glucose availability may strongly influence growth rate of the cell size, cell metabolism and the rate of generation of cellular by-products, such as reactive oxygen species. The positive effect of low glucose concentration conditions-calorie restriction is observed in a wide range of species, including the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, yet little is known about the effect of high glucose concentrations-calorie excess. Such analysis seems to be particularly important due to recently common problem of diabetes and obesity. The effect of glucose on morphological and physiological parameters of the yeast cell was conducted using genetic alteration (disruption of genes involved in glucose signalling) and calorie restriction and calorie excess conditions. The results show a significant relationship among extracellular glucose concentration, cell size and reactive oxygen species generation in yeast cells. Furthermore, the results obtained through the use of mutant strains with disorders in glucose signalling pathways suggest that the intracellular level of glucose is more important than its extracellular concentration. These data also suggest that the calorie excess as a factor, which has a significant impact on cell physiology, requires further comprehensive analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Maslanka
- University of Rzeszow, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek
- University of Rzeszow, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- University of Rzeszow, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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25
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Does dietary nitrate say NO to cardiovascular ageing? Current evidence and implications for research. Proc Nutr Soc 2018; 77:112-123. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665118000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CVD are characterised by a multi-factorial pathogenesis. Key pathogenetic steps in the development of CVD are the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction and formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a primary event in the initiation of the atherosclerotic cascade. NO is a free radical with multiple physiological functions including the regulation of vascular resistance, coagulation, immunity and oxidative metabolism. The synthesis of NO proceeds via two distinct pathways identified as enzymatic and non-enzymatic. The former involves the conversion of arginine into NO by the NO synthases, whilst the latter comprises a two-step reducing process converting inorganic nitrate $({\rm NO}_3^ - )$ into nitrite and subsequently NO.Inorganic ${\rm NO}_3^ - $ is present in water and food, particularly beetroot and green leafy vegetables. Several investigations have therefore used the non-enzymatic NO pathway as a target for nutritional supplementation (${\rm NO}_3^ - $ salts) or dietary interventions (high-${\rm NO}_3^ - $ foods) to increase NO bioavailability and impact on cardiovascular outcomes. Some studies have reported positive effects of dietary ${\rm NO}_3^ - $ on systolic blood pressure and endothelial function in patients with hypertension and chronic heart failure. Nevertheless, results have been inconsistent and the size of the effect appears to be declining in older individuals. Additionally, there is a paucity of studies for disorders such as diabetes, CHD and chronic kidney failure. Thus, whilst dietary ${\rm NO}_3^ - $ supplementation could represent an effective and viable strategy for the primary and secondary prevention of age-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, more large-scale, robust studies are awaited to confirm or refute this notion.
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26
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Mari RDB, Stabille SR, de Faria HG, Pereira JNB, Guimarães JP, Marinsek GP, de Souza RR. Balanced Caloric Restriction Minimizes Changes Caused by Aging on the Colonic Myenteric Plexus. J Diet Suppl 2018; 15:285-299. [PMID: 28759281 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1341446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aging can promote significant morphofunctional changes in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Regulation of GIT motility is mainly controlled by the myenteric neurons of the enteric nervous system. Actions that aim at decreasing the aging effects in the GIT include those related to diet, with caloric restriction (CR). The CR is achieved by controlling the amount of food or by manipulating the components of the diet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of CR on the plasticity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate- (NADPH-) reactive myenteric neurons in the colon of Wistar rats during the aging process using ultrastructural (transmission electron microscopy) and morphoquantitative analysis. Wistar male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were distributed into 4 groups (n = 10/group): C, 6-month-old animals; SR, 18-month-old animals fed a normal diet; CRI, 18-month-old animals fed a 12% CR diet; CRII, 18-month-old animals fed a 31% CR diet. At 6 months of age, animals were transferred to the laboratory animal facility, where they remained until 18 months of age. Animals of the CRI and CRII groups were submitted to CR for 6 months. In the ultrastructural analysis, a disorganization of the periganglionar matrix with the aging was observed, and this characteristic was not observed in the animals that received hypocaloric diet. It was observed that the restriction of 12.5% and 31% of calories in the diet minimized the increase in density and cell profile of the reactive NADPH neurons, increased with age. This type of diet may be adapted against gastrointestinal disturbances that commonly affect aging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de Britto Mari
- a São Paulo State University (Unesp) , Institute of Biosciences , São Vicente , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Stabille
- b Department of Morphological Sciences , Maringá State University , Maringá , Paraná , Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Plácido Guimarães
- e Laboratory of Marine and Coastal Organisms , Santa Cecilia University , Santos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Romeu Rodrigues de Souza
- f Department of Physical Education , São Judas Tadeu University , São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
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27
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Granic A, Mendonça N, Hill TR, Jagger C, Stevenson EJ, Mathers JC, Sayer AA. Nutrition in the Very Old. Nutrients 2018; 10:E269. [PMID: 29495468 PMCID: PMC5872687 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of older adults aged 85 years and over (the very old) is growing rapidly in many societies because of increases in life expectancy and reduced mortality at older ages. In 2016, 27.3 million very old adults were living in the European Union, and in the UK, 2.4% of the population (1.6 million) were aged 85 and over. Very old age is associated with increased risks of malnutrition, multimorbidity, and disability. Diet (nutrition) is a modifiable risk factor for multiple age-related conditions, including sarcopenia and functional decline. Dietary characteristics and nutrient intakes of the very old have been investigated in several European studies of ageing to better understand their nutritional requirements, which may differ from those in the young-old. However, there is a major gap in regard to evidence for the role of dietary patterns, protein, vitamin D and other nutrients for the maintenance of physical and cognitive functioning in later life. The Newcastle 85+ Study, UK and the Life and Living in Advanced Age, New Zealand are unique studies involving single birth cohorts which aim to assess health trajectories in very old adults and their biological, social and environmental influences, including nutrition. In this review, we have updated the latest findings in nutritional epidemiology with results from these studies, concentrating on the diet-physical functioning relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoneta Granic
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
| | - Nuno Mendonça
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
- Institute for Health and Society, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
| | - Tom R Hill
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Carol Jagger
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
- Institute for Health and Society, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
| | - Emma J Stevenson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - John C Mathers
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Avan A Sayer
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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28
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Nutrient intake and dietary changes during a 2-year multi-domain lifestyle intervention among older adults: secondary analysis of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:291-302. [PMID: 28875868 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advancing age increases the risk for diseases and health concerns like cognitive decline, constituting a major public health challenge. Lifestyle, especially healthy diet, affects many risk factors related to chronic diseases, and thus lifestyle interventions among older adults may be beneficial in promoting successful ageing. We completed a randomised 2-year multi-domain lifestyle intervention trial aiming at prevention of cognitive decline among 631 participants in the intervention and 629 in the control group, aged 60-77 years at baseline. Dietary counselling was one of the intervention domains together with strength exercise, cognitive training and management of CVD risk factors. The aim of this paper was to describe success of the intervention - that is, how an intervention based on national dietary recommendations affected dietary habits as a part of multi-intervention. Composite dietary intervention adherence score comprising nine distinct goals (range 0-9 points from none to achieving all goals) was 5·0 at baseline, and increased in the intervention group after the 1st (P<0·001) and 2nd (P=0·005) year. The difference in change compared with the control group was significant at both years (P<0·001 and P=0·018). Intake of several vitamins and minerals decreased in the control group but remained unchanged or increased in the intervention group during the 2 years. Well-targeted dietary counselling may prevent age-related decline in diet quality and help in preventing cognitive decline.
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29
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Dinesh Yadav DM, Muralidhar MN, Prasad SMVK, Rajender Rao K. Pre-pubertal diet restriction reduces reactive oxygen species and restores fertility in male WNIN/Obese rat. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. M. Dinesh Yadav
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - M. N. Muralidhar
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - S. M. V. K. Prasad
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - K. Rajender Rao
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
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30
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Heiss C, Spyridopoulos I, Haendeler J. Interventions to slow cardiovascular aging: Dietary restriction, drugs and novel molecules. Exp Gerontol 2017; 109:108-118. [PMID: 28658611 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular aging is a highly dynamic process. Despite the fact that cardiovascular function and structure change with age, they can still be modulated even in aged humans. The most prominent approaches to improve age-dependent vascular changes include dietary restriction and pharmacologic agents interacting with signaling pathways implicated in this context. These include inhibition of TOR, glycolysis, and GH/IGF-1, activation of sirtuins, and AMPK, as well as modulators of inflammation, epigenetic pathways, and telomeres. Promising nutritional approaches include Mediterranean diet and novel dietary bioactives including flavanols, anthocyanins, and lignins. Many plant bioactives improve cardiovascular parameters implied in vascular healthy aging including endothelial function, arterial stiffness, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glycemic control. However, the mechanism of action of most bioactives is not established and it remains to be elucidated whether they act as dietary restriction mimetics or via other modes of action. Even more importantly, whether these interventions can slow or even reverses components of cardiovascular aging itself and can increase healthspan or longevity in humans needs to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Central Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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31
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Association of the Baltic Sea and Mediterranean diets with indices of sarcopenia in elderly women, OSPTRE-FPS study. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:1435-1448. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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The determinants of malnutrition in the Irish elderly population: preliminary results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Proc Nutr Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665117001884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Boccardi V, Paolisso G, Mecocci P. Nutrition and lifestyle in healthy aging: the telomerase challenge. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:12-5. [PMID: 26826704 PMCID: PMC4761710 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition and lifestyle, known to modulate aging process and age-related diseases, might also affect telomerase activity. Short and dysfunctional telomeres rather than average telomere length are associated with longevity in animal models, and their rescue by telomerase maybe sufficient to restore cell and organismal viability. Improving telomerase activation in stem cells and potentially in other cells by diet and lifestyle interventions may represent an intriguing way to promote health-span in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Boccardi
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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34
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Perceived barriers to healthy eating: a systematic review. Proc Nutr Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665116001671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Abstract
Sarcopenia, defined as loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is associated with adverse outcomes such as physical disability, impaired quality of life and increased mortality. Several mechanisms are involved in the development of sarcopenia. Potentially modifiable factors include nutrition and physical activity. Protein metabolism is central to the nutritional issues, along with other potentially modifying nutritional factors as energy balance and vitamin D status. An increasing but still incomplete knowledge base has generated recent recommendations on an increased protein intake in the elderly. Several factors beyond the total amount of protein consumed emerge as potentially important in this context. A recent summit examined three hypotheses: (1) A meal threshold; habitually consuming 25-30 g protein at breakfast, lunch and dinner provides sufficient protein to effectively stimulate muscle protein anabolism; (2) Protein quality; including high-quality protein at each meal improves postprandial muscle protein synthesis; and (3) performing physical activity in close temporal proximity to a high-quality protein meal enhances muscle anabolism. Optimising the potential for muscle protein anabolism by consuming an adequate amount of high-quality protein at each meal, in combination with physical activity, appears as a promising strategy to prevent or delay the onset of sarcopenia. However, results of interventions are inconsistent, and well-designed, standardised studies evaluating exercise or nutrition interventions are needed before guidelines can be developed for the prevention and treatment of age-related sarcopenia.
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36
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Ruxton CHS, Derbyshire E, Toribio-Mateas M. Role of fatty acids and micronutrients in healthy ageing: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials set in the context of European dietary surveys of older adults. J Hum Nutr Diet 2015; 29:308-24. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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37
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Denison HJ, Cooper C, Sayer AA, Robinson SM. Prevention and optimal management of sarcopenia: a review of combined exercise and nutrition interventions to improve muscle outcomes in older people. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:859-69. [PMID: 25999704 PMCID: PMC4435046 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s55842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing recognition of sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, has highlighted the need to understand more about its etiology. Declines in muscle mass and strength are expected aspects of aging, but there is significant variability between individuals in rates of loss. Although some of these differences can be explained by fixed factors, such as sex, much of the remaining variation is unexplained. This has led to increasing interest in the influence of adult lifestyle, particularly in the effects of modifiable factors such as physical activity and diet, and in identifying intervention opportunities both to prevent and manage sarcopenia. A number of trials have examined the separate effects of increased exercise or dietary supplementation on muscle mass and physical performance of older adults, but less is known about the extent to which benefits of exercise training could be enhanced when these interventions are combined. In a comprehensive review of the literature, we consider 17 studies of older adults (≥65 years) in which combined nutrition and exercise interventions were used to increase muscle strength and/or mass, and achieve improvements in physical performance. The studies were diverse in terms of the participants included (nutritional status, degree of physical frailty), supplementation strategies (differences in nutrients, doses), exercise training (type, frequency), as well as design (duration, setting). The main message is that enhanced benefits of exercise training, when combined with dietary supplementation, have been shown in some trials – indicating potential for future interventions, but that existing evidence is inconsistent. Further studies are needed, particularly of exercise training combined with dietary strategies that increase intakes of a range of nutrients, as well as bioactive non-nutrients, to provide the evidence on which public health and clinical recommendations can be based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley J Denison
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK ; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Avan Aihie Sayer
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK ; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sian M Robinson
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK ; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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