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Ontawong A, Pengnet S, Thim-Uam A, Vaddhanaphuti CS, Munkong N, Phatsara M, Kuntakhut K, Inchai J, Amornlerdpison D, Rattanaphot T. Red rice bran aqueous extract ameliorate diabetic status by inhibiting intestinal glucose transport in high fat diet/STZ-induced diabetic rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2024; 14:391-402. [PMID: 39035687 PMCID: PMC11259718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) consumption has grown recently, partly due to its potential health benefits in several disease prevention. The impact of red rice bran aqueous extract (RRBE) on intestinal glucose uptake and diabetes mellitus (DM) progression has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RRBE on ex vivo intestinal glucose absorption and its potential as an antihyperglycemic compound using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. High-fat diet/STZ-induced diabetic rats were supplemented with either 1000 mg/kg body weight (BW) of RRBE, 70 mg/kg BW of metformin (Met), or a combination of RRBE and Met for 3 months. Plasma parameters, intestinal glucose transport, morphology, liver and soleus muscle glycogen accumulation were assessed. Treatment with RRBE, metformin, or combination markedly reversed hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and pancreatic morphology changes associated with T2DM. Correspondingly, all supplements effectively downregulated glucose transporters, resulting in a reduction of intestinal glucose transport-additionally, liver and soleus muscle glycogen accumulation was reduced in RRBE + Met treated group. Taken together, RRBE potentially suppressed intestinal glucose transporters' function and expression, reducing diabetic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atcharaporn Ontawong
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Mae-Ka District, Muang, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Sirinat Pengnet
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Mae-Ka District, Muang, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Arthid Thim-Uam
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Mae-Ka District, Muang, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Chutima S. Vaddhanaphuti
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Faculty of Medicine, CMU, Inthawarorot Rd., Sri Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Narongsuk Munkong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Mae-Ka District, Muang, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Manussaborn Phatsara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 52000, Thailand
| | - Kullanat Kuntakhut
- Center of Excellence in Agricultural Innovation for Graduate Entrepreneur, Maejo University, 63, Sansai-Phrao Street, Sansai, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Jakkapong Inchai
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Faculty of Medicine, CMU, Inthawarorot Rd., Sri Phum, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Doungporn Amornlerdpison
- Center of Excellence in Agricultural Innovation for Graduate Entrepreneur, Maejo University, 63, Sansai-Phrao Street, Sansai, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Teerawat Rattanaphot
- Center of Excellence in Agricultural Innovation for Graduate Entrepreneur, Maejo University, 63, Sansai-Phrao Street, Sansai, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
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Cristodoro M, Zambella E, Fietta I, Inversetti A, Di Simone N. Dietary Patterns and Fertility. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:131. [PMID: 38392349 PMCID: PMC10886842 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diet has a key role in the reproductive axis both in males and females. This review aims to analyze the impacts of different dietary patterns on fertility. It appears that the Mediterranean diet has a predominantly protective role against infertility, while the Western diet seems to be a risk factor for infertility. Moreover, we focus attention also on dietary patterns in different countries of the World (Middle Eastern diet, Asian diet). In particular, when analyzing single nutrients, a diet rich in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, animal proteins, and carbohydrates with high glycemic index is highly associated with male and female infertility. Finally, we evaluate the effects of vegetarian, vegan, and ketogenic diets on fertility, which seem to be still unclear. We believe that comprehension of the molecular mechanisms involved in infertility will lead to more effective and targeted treatments for infertile couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cristodoro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milano, Italy
| | - Enrica Zambella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fietta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milano, Italy
| | - Annalisa Inversetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milano, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milano, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
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A Causal and Inverse Relationship between Plant-Based Diet Intake and in a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030545. [PMID: 36766075 PMCID: PMC9914273 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A plant-based diet (PBD) has been reported to be linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk in observational studies, but not in causal association studies. We aimed to examine the hypothesis that high PBD exhibited a causal and inverse association with MetS and its components using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). PBD was clustered according to food intake, which was assessed by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires using a principal component analysis. The instrumental variables were generated using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a High-PBD group (≥67th percentiles) after adjusting for the covariates related to MetS, with a significance level of p < 5 × 10-5 and linkage disequilibrium (r2 < 0.001), in a city hospital-based cohort (n = 58,701). The causal association of the PBD intake with MetS risk was examined with a two-sample MR approach in the rural plus Ansan/Ansung cohorts (n = 13,598). The High-PBD group showed higher energy, fat, protein, cholesterol, fiber, sodium, calcium, vitamin C and D, and flavonoid intake than the Low-PBD group. The High-PBD group showed a lower risk of MetS, waist circumference, hyperglycemia, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia using an inverse-variance weighted method (p < 0.05). Low-PBD intake significantly elevated only waist circumference in weighted-median analysis (p < 0.05). No heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, or single genetic variant influenced the causal relationship. In conclusion, low PBD appeared to be causally positively related to MetS risk and its components, but not hypertension. Therefore, Korean-style PBD may be beneficial for decreasing MetS risk in Asian adults.
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Chen MS, Chiu CH, Chen SH. Risk assessment of metabolic syndrome prevalence involving sedentary occupations and socioeconomic status. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042802. [PMID: 34903529 PMCID: PMC8671945 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether occupation type, distinguished by socioeconomic status (SES) and sedentary status, is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk. METHODS We analysed two data sets covering 73 506 individuals. MetS was identified according to the criteria of the modified Adult Treatment Panel III. Eight occupational categories were considered: professionals, technical workers, managers, salespeople, service staff, administrative staff, manual labourers and taxi drivers; occupations were grouped into non-sedentary; sedentary, high-SES; and sedentary, non-high-SES occupations. A multiple logistic regression was used to determine significant risk factors for MetS in three age-stratified subgroups. R software for Windows (V.3.5.1) was used for all statistical analyses. RESULTS MetS prevalence increased with age. Among participants aged ≤40 years, where MetS prevalence was low at 6.23%, having a non-sedentary occupation reduced MetS risk (OR=0.88, p<0.0295). Among participants aged >60 years, having a sedentary, high-SES occupation significantly increased (OR=1.39, p<0.0247) MetS risk. CONCLUSIONS The influence of occupation type on MetS risk differs among age groups. Non-sedentary occupations and sedentary, high-SES occupations decrease and increase MetS risk, respectively, among younger and older adults, respectively. Authorities should focus on individuals in sedentary, high-SES occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shu Chen
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Chiu
- Medical Affair, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Information, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Golzarand M, Toolabi K, Eskandari Delfan S, Mirmiran P. The effect of brown rice compared to white rice on adiposity indices, lipid profile, and glycemic markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7395-7412. [PMID: 33905269 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1914541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effect of brown rice consumption on metabolic parameters compared to white rice, with inconsistent findings. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effect of brown rice on adiposity indices, lipid profile, and glycemic markers in adult subjects compared to white rice. In this study, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Embase databases were comprehensively searched until March 2021. Thirteen RCTs were selected and then included in the meta-analysis. As reported, brown rice significantly reduced weight by -1.63 kg (95% CI: -2.15 to -1.11, I2=97%, n = 6), body mass index (BMI) by -0.58 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.78 to -0.37, I2=96%, n = 6), and waist circumference by -2.56 cm (95% CI: -4.86 to -0.26, I2=88%, n = 5) compared with white rice. Moreover, it had no significant effect on lipid profile and glycemic markers. Besides, pre-germinated brown rice significantly declined weight (-1.75 kg, 95% CI: -2.70 to -0.81, I2=99%, n = 4), total cholesterol (-24.22 mg/dl, 95% CI: -33.03 to -15.41, I2=78%, n = 5), triglyceride (TG) (-43.28 mg/dl, 95% CI: -74.05 to -12.50, I2=90%, n = 5), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (-20.05 mg/dl, 95% CI: -29.57 to -10.52, I2=71%, n = 5), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (-15.83 mg/dl, 95% CI: -25.20 to -6.46, I2=91%, n = 5). In accordance with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, the certainly of the included evidence was low and very low. The results of the present study indicate that, brown rice has anti-obesity effects in comparison with white rice; however, it has no beneficial effects on lipid profile and glycemic markers. Contrary to brown rice, it was shown that, pre-germinated brown rice significantly decreases body weight and improves lipid profile and FBG levels compared to white rice. Accordingly, our results indicate that, pre-germinated brown rice has better functional effects on promoting lipid profile and FBG compared to brown rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Golzarand
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karamollah Toolabi
- Department of Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Associations of Polygenetic Variants at the 11q23 Locus and Their Interactions with Macronutrient Intake for the Risk of 3GO, a Combination of Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, and Dyslipidemia. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030207. [PMID: 33803960 PMCID: PMC8001133 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3GO is a condition in which hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia co-occur, and these conditions are related to each other and genetic and environmental factors. We hypothesized that common genetic variants and their interactions with lifestyles influenced 3GO risk. We aimed to explore common genetic variants to affect 3GO risk and their haplotype interaction with lifestyles in a city hospital-based cohort in 58,701 Koreans > 40 years. 3GO was defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg for hypertension, fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL for hyperglycemia, and LDL ≥ 160 mg/dL or HDL ≤ 40 mg/dL, or triglyceride ≥ 200 mg/dL for dyslipidemia. Haplotypes were generated by genetic variants selected from genome-wide association study ((GWAS) an observational study of the genetic variation of the whole genome in different individuals, used to see if any variation is related to traits) after adjusting for age, sex, area of residence, and body mass index (BMI). Nutrient intakes were assessed using food frequency questionnaires. Interactions between haplotype and lifestyles and 3GO risk were investigated. Parameters related to metabolic syndrome were significantly different in the 0GO, 1-2GO, and 3GO groups, that is, groups of individuals with none, one to two, or all three of the components of 3GO. At the 11q23 locus, KCNQ1_rs2237892, ZPR1_rs2075291, APOA5_rs662799, APOA1_rs5072, and SIK3_rs151139277, influenced 3GO risk, and the minor alleles of their haplotype had a 3GO risk 3.23 times higher than the major alleles. For subjects with a high energy intake, the 3GO risk of the minor alleles was significantly higher than that of the major alleles (OR = 3.230, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.062~5.061, p < 0.001). BMI, HbA1c, SBP, and serum concentrations of glucose, HDL, and triglyceride were significantly higher for the minor allele than the major alleles (p < 0.001). The haplotype interacted with the intakes of protein (p = 0.033), digestible carbohydrate (p = 0.012), fat (p = 0.008), and undigestible carbohydrates (p = 0.015) to increase 3GO risk. An interaction was also observed between smoking and the haplotype (p = 0.007). The minor allele effects on 3GO incidence were higher in the high digestible carbohydrate intake and smoking groups. By contrast, the minor allele impacts on 3GO frequencies were much higher in the low intake of undigestible carbohydrates, protein, and fat. In conclusion, people who carry a minor allele of the 11q23 locus haplotype should avoid smoking and replace digestible carbohydrate intake with consuming high-quality protein, healthy fat, and undigestible carbohydrates.
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You Y, Zhang F, Han J, Liu R, Li B, Ding Z, Zhou H, Zhang Q. Breakfast preferences and consumption location among children at a median age of 7 in Shenzhen: Implications for managing overweight and obesity. Appetite 2021; 156:104851. [PMID: 32890588 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast is commonly described as the most important meal of the day; however, we have little information regarding its relevance for childhood overweight and obesity in southern mainland China. This study aimed to assess the association between breakfast preferences, consumption location and overweight and obesity for children in Shenzhen. METHODS Among 6126 children (median age 7.2 years) at primary schools, 3504 were finally included after a questionnaire survey and physical examination. Ten commonly consumed foods/beverages for breakfast in southern China were exposure variables, and consumption location, total energy demographic and other dietary characteristics were covariates in logistic regression to determine the effect of breakfast preferences on overweight and obesity, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Probability of overweight/general obesity was inversely associated with children eating plain congee for breakfast (adjusted OR 0.689, 95% CI 0.566-0.838), restricted to boys after stratification. Probability of overweight/general obesity and central obesity was positively associated with usually eating steamed rice roll for breakfast (OR 1.309, 95% CI 1.090-1.571 and OR 1.351, 95% CI 1.064-1.717, respectively), but the effect on overweight/obesity remained statistically significant for only boys after stratification. Eating steamed rice roll for breakfast and eating out for breakfast had an additive interaction on overweight/obesity. Additionally, eating bread for breakfast had a mild favorable effect on overweight/obesity but only for girls. CONCLUSIONS Keeping a healthy weight might benefit children who eat plain congee or bread for breakfast in China. However, frequent consumption of steamed rice roll for breakfast and especially eating out could contribute to overweight and obesity. Thus, we need to promote a healthier breakfast pattern among children in southern China to reduce the odds of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin You
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No.22, Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China; Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.233, Xixiang Section, Guangshen Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7, Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jing Han
- Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.233, Xixiang Section, Guangshen Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Ruiguo Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No.22, Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Boya Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No.22, Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Zan Ding
- Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.233, Xixiang Section, Guangshen Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.233, Xixiang Section, Guangshen Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Qingying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No.22, Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7, Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
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Karagas MR, Punshon T, Davis M, Bulka CM, Slaughter F, Karalis D, Argos M, Ahsan H. Rice Intake and Emerging Concerns on Arsenic in Rice: a Review of the Human Evidence and Methodologic Challenges. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 6:361-372. [PMID: 31760590 PMCID: PMC7745115 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-019-00249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rice is a major staple food worldwide and a dietary source of arsenic. We therefore summarized the state of the epidemiologic evidence on whether rice consumption relates to health outcomes associated with arsenic exposure. RECENT FINDINGS While epidemiologic studies have reported that higher rice consumption may increase the risk of certain chronic conditions, i.e., type 2 diabetes, most did not consider specific constituents of rice or other sources of arsenic exposure. Studies that examined rice intake stratified by water concentrations of arsenic found evidence of increasing trends in cardiovascular disease risk, skin lesions, and squamous cell skin cancers and bladder cancer associated with higher rice consumption. Further studies are needed to understand the health impacts of arsenic exposure from rice consumption taking into account all sources of rice intake and potential confounding by other dietary constituents or contaminants and arsenic exposure from sources such as water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03756, USA.
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Matt Davis
- Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Catherine M Bulka
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Francis Slaughter
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Despina Karalis
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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Mastroeni SSDBS, Mastroeni MF, Ekwaru JP, Setayeshgar S, Veugelers PJ, Gonçalves MDC, Rondó PHDC. Anthropometric measurements as a potential non-invasive alternative for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:30-39. [PMID: 30864629 PMCID: PMC10118845 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify which anthropometric measurement would be the best predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Brazilian adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted on 222 adolescents (15-17 years) from a city in southern Brazil. Anthropometric, physical activity, blood pressure and biochemical parameters were investigated. MetS criteria were transformed into a continuous variable (MetS score). Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of BMI, hip circumference, neck circumference (NC), triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold and body fat percentage with MetS score. ROC curves were constructed to determine the cutoff for each anthropometric measurement. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 7.2%. Each anthropometric measurement was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with MetS score. After adjusting for potential confounding variables (age, sex, physical activity, and maternal education), the standardized coefficients of NC and body fat percentage appeared to have the strongest association (beta = 0.69 standard deviation) with MetS score. The regression of BMI provided the best model fit (adjusted R2 = 0.31). BMI predicted MetS with high sensitivity (100.0%) and specificity (86.4%). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that BMI and NC are effective screening tools for MetS in adolescents. The early diagnosis of MetS combined with targeted lifestyle interventions in adolescence may help reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silmara Salete de Barros Silva Mastroeni
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade da Região de Joinville (Univille), Joinville, SC, Brasil.,Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marco Fabio Mastroeni
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville (Univille), Joinville, SC, Brasil
| | - John Paul Ekwaru
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Solmaz Setayeshgar
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul J Veugelers
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Kim J, Kim J, Kang Y. Noodle consumption is positively associated with incident hypertension in middle-aged and older Korean women. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 13:141-149. [PMID: 30984358 PMCID: PMC6449545 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between refined grain consumption by subtype and the incidence of hypertension from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study data. SUBJECTS/METHODS In total, 5,018 participants (2,439 men and 2,579 women) from 40 to 69 years without hypertension were recruited at the beginning (2001–2002). Blood pressure and antihypertensive medication use were assessed biennially for the incidence of hypertension during the 8-year follow-up period (2009–2010). Hypertension was diagnosed as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication use. Dietary intake including refined grains was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and the follow-up (2005–2006). A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident hypertension according to refined-grain consumption. RESULTS A total of 1,377 cases of hypertension (710 men and 667 women) were newly ascertained. Frequent noodle consumers (≥ 5 servings/week) among the women had a 2.3-fold higher risk of hypertension than infrequent noodle consumers after adjustment for potential confounders (HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.33–4.01, P for trend = 0.0001). However, no significant association was found among the men. The intake of other refined grain products such as white rice and breads was not associated with the incidence of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Frequent noodle consumption was positively associated with a risk of incident hypertension in South Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhee Kang
- Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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A Data-Driven Assessment of the Metabolic Syndrome Criteria for Adult Health Management in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 16:ijerph16010092. [PMID: 30602658 PMCID: PMC6339104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
According to the modified Adult Treatment Panel III, five indices are used to define metabolic syndrome (MetS): waist circumference (WC), high blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our work evaluates the importance of these indices. In addition, we attempted to identify whether trends and patterns existed among young, middle-aged, and older people. Following the analysis, a decision tree algorithm was used to analyze the importance of the five criteria for MetS because the algorithm in question selects the attribute with the highest information gain as the split node. The most important indices are located on the top of the tree, indicating that these indices can effectively distinguish data in a binary tree and the importance of this criterion. That is, the decision tree algorithm specifies the priority of the influence factors. The decision tree algorithm examined four of the five indices because one was excluded. Moreover, the tree structures differed among the three age groups. For example, the first key index for middle-aged and older people was TG whereas for younger people it was WC. Furthermore, the order of the second to fourth indices differed among the groups. Because the key index was identified for each age group, researchers and practitioners could provide different health care strategies for individuals based on age. High-risk middle-aged and healthy older people maintained low values of TG, which might be the most crucial index. When a person can avoid the first and second indices provided by the decision tree, they are at lower risk of MetS. Therefore, this paper provides a data-driven guideline for MetS prevention.
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Murakami K, Sasaki S. A low–glycemic index and –glycemic load diet is associated with not only higher intakes of micronutrients but also higher intakes of saturated fat and sodium in Japanese children and adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutr Res 2018; 49:37-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The differential effects of changes in individual macronutrient intake on changes in lipid concentrations during childhood: From the Ewha Birth & Growth Cohort. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1027-1033. [PMID: 28506448 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS High carbohydrate or fat intake is responsible for abnormal lipid concentrations in adults, but few studies of children have been reported. Using data from a Korean children's cohort study, we assessed the association between macronutrient intake and lipid profile with a longitudinal association during a 4-year follow-up. METHODS Using 2 days of 24-h dietary data obtained at 3 (n = 323) and 7 (n = 292) years old from the Ewha Birth & Growth Cohort, we calculated changes (n = 103) in macronutrient intake in terms of energy-adjusted intake and percent total energy for nutrients. Changes in lipid profiles (TC: total cholesterol, TG: triglyceride, HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) are the primary outcomes in this study. The effects of individual changes in macronutrient intake on changes in lipid profiles over time were assessed using multiple regression analyses. RESULTS The percentages of total energy from carbohydrates and fat were 59.1% and 27.4% at baseline, respectively. Those in the highest tertile of carbohydrate intake showed the highest mean TG and lowest mean TC and HDL-c levels, regardless of observation time. By contrast, those with the highest fat intake indicated the lowest mean TG and highest mean TC and HDL-c at 7 years old. In addition, increased intake of carbohydrates had an unfavorable effect on TG, while increased intake of fat, especially animal-based fat, increased LDL-c levels over time. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that a relatively high intake of carbohydrate or fat among children had an unfavorable effect on lipid concentrations based on a longitudinal approach.
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Lee KW, Park K, Lee SM, Lim H, Shin MJ. Dietary Issues and Challenges on Cardiometabolic Health in Korea: From a Viewpoint of a National Nutrition Surveillance System. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:1-6. [PMID: 28168176 PMCID: PMC5288548 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A national nutrition surveillance system is an essential instrument for the detection of nutrition and nutrition-related health problems that can assist on policy implementation. The role of nutritional surveillance in detecting trends of nutritional problems and predicting their risks has become more important as its strong scientifically based method and evidences may provide insights on chronic disease risks. In this review, we attempted to identify dietary issues of Korean cardiometabolic disease (CMD) based on the national nutrition surveillance system and addressed gaps and limitations in the system. In addition, an alternative way on how the system can overcome these problems with the view of ultimately improving public health in Korea was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Won Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Cheraghi Z, Mirmiran P, Mansournia MA, Moslehi N, Khalili D, Nedjat S. The association between nutritional exposures and metabolic syndrome in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS): a cohort study. Public Health 2016; 140:163-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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