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Duan Y, Li A, Zhang L, Yin C, Li Z, Liu L. Attractant potential of Enterobacter cloacae and its metabolites to Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Front Physiol 2024; 15:1465946. [PMID: 39421438 PMCID: PMC11484074 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1465946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) has a wide host range. It has been the most important quarantine pest in many countries or regions. Currently, chemical control and bait trapping are mainly used in the monitoring, prevention, and control of B. dorsalis. However, chemical control will cause pollution of the environment and drug resistance of insects. Methyl eugenol, the main attractant currently used, can only attract males of B. dorsalis. Methods This study focused on the attractant function and active substances of one key intestinal bacterium, Enterobacter cloacae, which was isolated from B. dorsalis. Results First, the attraction of the E. cloacae autoclaved supernatant to male and female adults of 0, 6, and 15 days post-emergence was confirmed using a Y-type olfactometer. Subsequently, through metabolome sequencing and bioassays, L-prolinamide was identified and confirmed as the most effective attractant for B. dorsalis. Finally, the synergistic effect of L-prolinamide with the sex attractant ME was validated through field experiments. This study confirmed the attraction effect of E. cloacae on B. dorsalis and also proved the attraction effect of L-prolinamide, the metabolite of E. cloacae, on B. dorsalis. This laid a theoretical foundation for the development of a new attractant and safe, green, and efficient prevention and control technology of B. dorsalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Duan
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Anjuan Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute of Sanya, China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Chongwen Yin
- Institute of Sanya, China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Ye S, Tian Z, Ma W, Gao X, Chen H, Yang J, Ma C, Zhang Y, Zhou Z. Rapid response of midgut bacteria in Bactrocera tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) to lambda-cyhalothrin- and spinosad-induced stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115502. [PMID: 37742569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the increasingly widespread application of chemical pesticides has exacerbated the emergence of insecticide resistance among insect pests. In this study, we examined the rapid response of bacteria in the midgut of the fruit fly Bactrocera tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) to stress induced by the insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad by analyzing the bacterial community structure and diversity in the midguts of 4-day-old B. tau. The results revealed that 4-day-old B. tau females were more resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad than their 4-day-old male counterparts. Alpha- and beta-diversity analyses revealed no significant differences between male and female B. tau with respect to the diversity and richness of gut bacteria in response to the same treatments. In response to treatment with lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad at lethal concentration 50 (LC50), we detected significant changes in the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in the midguts of both male and female B. tau. Particularly among the dominant bacterial genera, there were decreases in the relative abundances of Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Pectobacterium. Increases were observed in the relative abundances of Dysgonomonas, Erwinia, and Providencia. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for gaining a better understanding of the relationships between midgut bacteria and the insecticide resistance of B. tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Ye
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhenya Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China; Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Hongsong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Jingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China.
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Xie J, Cai Z, Zheng W, Zhang H. Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in response to gut microbiota depletion in the abdomens of female Bactrocera dorsalis. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:443-458. [PMID: 35751912 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insect gut microbiota has been reported to participate in regulating host multiple biological processes including metabolism and reproduction. However, the corresponding molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in complex interactions between the gut microbiota and the host. Here, we used next-generation sequencing technology to characterize miRNA and mRNA expression profiles and construct the miRNA-gene regulatory network in response to gut microbiota depletion in the abdomens of female Bactrocera dorsalis. A total of 3016 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 18 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Based on the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA sequencing data, 229 negatively correlated miRNA-gene pairs were identified from the miRNA-mRNA network. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that DEMs could target several genes involved in the metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process, oogenesis, and insulin signaling pathway. Finally, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction further verified the accuracy of RNA sequencing results. In conclusion, our study provides the profiles of miRNA and mRNA expressions under antibiotics treatment and provides an insight into the roles of miRNAs and their target genes in the interaction between the gut microbiota and its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhaohui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Zhang X, Wang X, Guo Z, Liu X, Wang P, Yuan X, Li Y. Antibiotic Treatment Reduced the Gut Microbiota Diversity, Prolonged the Larval Development Period and Lessened Adult Fecundity of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:838. [PMID: 36135539 PMCID: PMC9505179 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Grapholita molesta, the oriental fruit moth, is a serious pest of fruit trees with host transfer characteristics worldwide. The gut microbiota, which plays a crucial part in insect physiology and ecology, can be influenced by many elements, such as antibiotics, temperature, diet, and species. However, the effects of antibiotics on G. molesta gut microbiota are still unclear. In this study, we selected five common antibiotic agents to test the inhibition of G. molesta gut microbiota, and found ciprofloxacin shown the best antibacterial activity. After feeding 1 μg/mL of ciprofloxacin, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria decreased significantly, while that of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased. PICRUSt2 analysis indicated that most functional prediction categories were enriched in the G. molesta gut, including amino acid transport and metabolism, translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, transcription, cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, and energy production and conversion. Finally, ciprofloxacin feeding significantly affected larval growth, development, and reproduction, resulting in prolonged larval development duration, shortened adult longevity, and significantly decreased single female oviposition and egg hatchability. In addition, we isolated and purified some culturable bacteria belonging to Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and cellulase-producing bacteria from the G. molesta midgut. In brief, our results demonstrate that antibiotics can have an impact on G. molesta gut bacterial communities, which is beneficial for host growth and development, as well as helping female adults produce more fertile eggs. These results will thus provide a theoretical reference for developing new green control technology for G. molesta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zikun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Xiangqun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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Akami M, Tamgue O, Ren X, Wang Y, Qi X, Martin Luther KM, Ngono Ngane RA, Niu CY. Effects of symbiotic population impairment on microbiome composition and longevity of Bactrocera dorsalis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:211104. [PMID: 34804572 PMCID: PMC8580452 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the role of symbionts for their insect hosts, it is customary to treat them with antibiotics or to sterilize eggs (treatments), resulting in aposymbiotic and axenic insects, respectively. Such axenic insects can then be compared with untreated controls. Fruit flies often bear complex communities which are greatly reduced by such treatments. However, the bacterial community is not completely eliminated. Here, we examine the effect of these procedures on the structure of the remaining bacterial communities in Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) and on the insect longevity. The antibiotics (Norfloxacin and Ceftazedime) were administered to 1-day-old adult flies through sugar meal for 7 days, and eggs were surface sterilized and dechorionated to produce axenic lines. The flies were starved of protein before they were offered full diets or diets containing non-essential amino acids only. Antibiotic and egg disinfection treatments resulted in a significant reduction of the vast majority of gut bacterial populations, especially Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. On the other hand, antibiotic allowed the persistence of Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Acidobacteria populations. In untreated control flies, longevity was extended irrespective of diet quality in comparison to treated flies. Conversely, when gut bacteria were largely reduced (aposymbiotic and axenic flies), longevity was reduced in the non-essential amino acids diet treatment versus slightly improved in the presence of a protein diet. We discuss these results in an ecological-life-history perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazarin Akami
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ousman Tamgue
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Xueming Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Qi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Rosalie Annie Ngono Ngane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Chang-Ying Niu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
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Fu J, Zeng L, Zheng L, Bai Z, Li Z, Liu L. Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of Antibiotic-Treated and Normally Reared Bactrocera dorsalis Reveals a Possible Gut Self-Immunity Mechanism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647604. [PMID: 34621734 PMCID: PMC8490719 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a notorious agricultural pest worldwide, and its prevention and control have been widely studied. Bacteria in the midgut of B. dorsalis help improve host insecticide resistance and environmental adaption, regulate growth and development, and affect male mating selection, among other functions. Insects have an effective gut defense system that maintains self-immunity and the balance among microorganisms in the gut, in addition to stabilizing the diversity among the gut symbiotic bacteria. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms governing the gut bacteria and self-immunity are still unclear in oriental fruit flies. In this study, the diversity of the gut symbiotic bacteria in B. dorsalis was altered by feeding host fruit flies antibiotics, and the function of the gut bacteria was predicted. Then, a database of the intestinal transcriptome of the host fruit fly was established and analyzed using the Illumina HiSeq Platform. The gut bacteria shifted from Gram negative to Gram positive after antibiotic feeding. Antibiotics lead to a reduction in gut bacteria, particularly Gram-positive bacteria, which ultimately reduced the reproduction of the host flies. Ten immunity-related genes that were differentially expressed in the response to intestinal bacterial community changes were selected for qRT-PCR validation. Peptidoglycan-recognition protein SC2 gene (PGRP-SC2) was one of the 10 immunity-related genes analyzed. The differential expression of PGRP-SC2 was the most significant, which confirms that PGRP-SC2 may affect immunity of B. dorsalis toward gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Fu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Linyu Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Bai
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Asimakis E, Stathopoulou P, Sapounas A, Khaeso K, Batargias C, Khan M, Tsiamis G. New Insights on the Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) Bacteriome. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030659. [PMID: 33810199 PMCID: PMC8004655 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various factors, including the insect host, diet, and surrounding ecosystem can shape the structure of the bacterial communities of insects. We have employed next generation, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA to characterize the bacteriome of wild Zeugodacus (Bactrocera) cucurbitae (Coquillett) flies from three regions of Bangladesh. The tested populations developed distinct bacterial communities with differences in bacterial composition, suggesting that geography has an impact on the fly bacteriome. The dominant bacteria belonged to the families Enterobacteriaceae, Dysgomonadaceae and Orbaceae, with the genera Dysgonomonas, Orbus and Citrobacter showing the highest relative abundance across populations. Network analysis indicated variable interactions between operational taxonomic units (OTUs), with cases of mutual exclusion and copresence. Certain bacterial genera with high relative abundance were also characterized by a high degree of interactions. Interestingly, genera with a low relative abundance like Shimwellia, Gilliamella, and Chishuiella were among those that showed abundant interactions, suggesting that they are also important components of the bacterial community. Such knowledge could help us identify ideal wild populations for domestication in the context of the sterile insect technique or similar biotechnological methods. Further characterization of this bacterial diversity with transcriptomic and metabolic approaches, could also reveal their specific role in Z. cucurbitae physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Apostolis Sapounas
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics and Fish Breeding, Department of Animal Production, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Patras, Nea Ktiria, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece; (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Kanjana Khaeso
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Costas Batargias
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics and Fish Breeding, Department of Animal Production, Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Patras, Nea Ktiria, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece; (A.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Mahfuza Khan
- Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh;
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-264-107-4149
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Gichuhi J, Khamis F, Van den Berg J, Mohamed S, Ekesi S, Herren JK. Influence of inoculated gut bacteria on the development of Bactrocera dorsalis and on its susceptibility to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:321. [PMID: 33087056 PMCID: PMC7579797 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Symbiotic interactions between insects and bacteria have been associated with a vast variety of physiological, ecological and evolutionary consequences for the host. A wide range of bacterial communities have been found in association with the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), an important pest of cultivated fruit in most regions of the world. We evaluated the diversity of gut bacteria in B. dorsalis specimens from several populations in Kenya and investigated the roles of individual bacterial isolates in the development of axenic (germ-free) B. dorsalis fly lines and their responses to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae. Results We sequenced 16S rRNA to evaluate microbiomes and coupled this with bacterial culturing. Bacterial isolates were mono-associated with axenic B. dorsalis embryos. The shortest embryonic development period was recorded in flies with an intact gut microbiome while the longest period was recorded in axenic fly lines. Similarly, larval development was shortest in flies with an intact gut microbiome, in addition to flies inoculated with Providencia alcalifaciens. Adult B. dorsalis flies emerging from embryos that had been mono-associated with a strain of Lactococcus lactis had decreased survival when challenged with a standard dosage of M. anisopliae ICIPE69 conidia. However, there were no differences in survival between the germ-free lines and flies with an intact microbiome. Conclusions These findings will contribute to the selection of probiotics used in artificial diets for B. dorsalis rearing and the development of improved integrated pest management strategies based on entomopathogenic fungi. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12866-020-02015-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Gichuhi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Fathiya Khamis
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Johnnie Van den Berg
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Samira Mohamed
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jeremy K Herren
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya.
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