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Endale H, Mathewos M, Abdeta D. Potential Causes of Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance and Preventive Measures in One Health Perspective-A Review. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7515-7545. [PMID: 38089962 PMCID: PMC10715026 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s428837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance, referring to microorganisms' capability to subsist and proliferate even when there are antimicrobials is a foremost threat to public health globally. The appearance of antimicrobial resistance can be ascribed to anthropological, animal, and environmental factors. Human-related causes include antimicrobial overuse and misuse in medicine, antibiotic-containing cosmetics and biocides utilization, and inadequate sanitation and hygiene in public settings. Prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial misuse and overuse, using antimicrobials as feed additives, microbes resistant to antibiotics and resistance genes in animal excreta, and antimicrobial residue found in animal-origin food and excreta are animals related contributive factors for the antibiotic resistance emergence and spread. Environmental factors including naturally existing resistance genes, improper disposal of unused antimicrobials, contamination from waste in public settings, animal farms, and pharmaceutical industries, and the use of agricultural and sanitation chemicals facilitatet its emergence and spread. Wildlife has a plausible role in the antimicrobial resistance spread. Adopting a one-health approach involving using antimicrobials properly in animals and humans, improving sanitation in public spaces and farms, and implementing coordinated governmental regulations is crucial for combating antimicrobial resistance. Collaborative and cooperative involvement of stakeholders in public, veterinary and ecological health sectors is foremost to circumvent the problem effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Endale
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Mathewos
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Wachemo University, Wachemo, Ethiopia
| | - Debela Abdeta
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
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2
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Li C, Zhou Q. Synergistic effect between Ce-doped SnO 2 and bio-carbon for electrocatalytic degradation of tetracycline: Experiment, CFD, and DFT. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 332:138705. [PMID: 37076085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based sandwich-like electrocatalyst with a hierarchical structure, carbon sheet (CS)-loaded Ce-doped SnO2 nanoparticles, were successfully prepared using a simple method, which presented a high-efficiency electrocatalytic performance for tetracycline decomposition. Among them, Sn0.75Ce0.25Oy/CS exhibits superior catalytic activity, such as more than 95% of tetracycline was removed (120 min), and over 90% of total organic carbon was mineralized (480 min). It is found from morphology observation and computational fluid dynamics simulation that the layered structure is conducive to improving the mass transfer efficiency. Through X-Ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectrum, and density functional theory calculation analyze that the structural defect in Sn0.75Ce0.25Oy caused by Ce doping is considered to play the key role. Moreover, electrochemical measurements and degradation experiments further prove that the outstanding catalytic performance is attributable to the initiated synergistic effect established between CS and Sn0.75Ce0.25Oy. These results explain the effectiveness of Sn0.75Ce0.25Oy/CS for the remediation of tetracycline-contaminated water and mitigating the potential risks and imply that the Sn0.75Ce0.25Oy/CS composite has a deeply practical value in tetracycline wastewater degradation and a promise for further application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- Sate-owned Sida Machinery Manufacturing Company (SSMMC), Yangling, Shaanxi, 712200, China.
| | - Qin Zhou
- Modern Agriculture and the Ecological Environment Academy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
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Zhao X, Ye W, Xu W, Xu N, Zheng J, Chen R, Liu H. Changes in the Diversity and Composition of Gut Microbiota of Red-Crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) after Avian Influenza Vaccine and Anthelmintic Treatment. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091183. [PMID: 35565609 PMCID: PMC9099658 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota homeostasis is important for host health and well-being; however, drugs may affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Red-crowned cranes are a vulnerable species. Treatment of red-crowned cranes with avian influenza vaccines and anthelmintics has played pivotal roles in therapeutic management in zoos. To investigate the changes in the diversity and composition of gut microbiota after the avian influenza vaccine and anthelmintic treatment, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to obtain and compare the bacterial community composition before and after the treatment. The alpha diversity of the gut microbiota of red-crowned cranes decreased on the day of the treatment and then fluctuated over time. The composition of gut microbiota tended to be similar in the short term after the treatment, as supported by the beta diversity hierarchical cluster analysis. Only 3, 8, and 72 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the three individuals were shared among the five groups before and after treatment. The relative abundance of Firmicutes significantly increased to 99.04% ± 0.28% on the day of the treatment, in which the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was 93.33% ± 5.85%. KEGG pathways analysis indicated that the main function of the gut microbiota is involved in metabolism, and the present study indicates that the gut microbiota of red-crowned cranes is resilient to the avian influenza vaccine and anthelmintic, even disordered in the short term, and could recover over time. More individual experimentation and functional potential in metabolism are needed in the future to support animal disease control and optimal management in the zoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhao
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wentao Ye
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wei Xu
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Nan Xu
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiajun Zheng
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Rong Chen
- Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, Nanjing 210028, China;
| | - Hongyi Liu
- The Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (W.Y.); (W.X.); (N.X.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Samy AA, Mansour AS, Khalaf DD, Khairy EA. Development of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in some Egyptian veterinary farms. Vet World 2022; 15:488-495. [PMID: 35400950 PMCID: PMC8980374 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.488-495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Food of animal origin is considered a major source of foodborne diseases. In this context, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli pose a serious hazard to public health due to the consumption of food contaminated with antibiotics that are used for the treatment of various bacterial infections in farm animals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of the excessive use of antibiotics on the development of MDR E. coli strains in Egyptian poultry, dairy, and meat farms.
Materials and Methods: A total of 1225 samples were randomly collected from poultry, dairy, and meat products intended for human consumption in different governorates. E. coli were isolated from the collected samples and subjected to biochemical identification and antibiotic sensitivity tests with antibiotics commonly used in human and veterinary medicine. Then, amoxicillin (AML)- and oxytetracycline (OT)-resistant E. coli isolates were subjected to a polymerase chain reaction test to detect the blaTEM and tetA genes, respectively.
Results: E. coli were isolated from 132 out of 350, 148 out of 350, 177 out of 350, and 35 out of 175 poultry, milk, meat, and human samples, respectively. Most of the isolates expressed multidrug resistance, and resistance genes (blaTEM and tetA) were detected in all the tested AML- and OT-resistant E. coli isolates.
Conclusion: Foods of animal origin may represent a source of MDR E. coli, which can be a major threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Samy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S. Mansour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa D. Khalaf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Khairy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Savin M, Bierbaum G, Schmithausen RM, Heinemann C, Kreyenschmidt J, Schmoger S, Akbaba I, Käsbohrer A, Hammerl JA. Slaughterhouse wastewater as a reservoir for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, and colistin-resistant Klebsiella spp. and their impact in a "One Health" perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150000. [PMID: 34517324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella spp. are ubiquitous bacteria capable of colonizing humans and animals, and sometimes leading to severe infections in both. Due to their high adaptability against environmental/synthetic conditions as well as their potential in aquiring antimicrobial/metal/biocide resistance determinants, Klebsiella spp. are recognized as an emerging threat to public health, worldwide. Currently, scarce information on the impact of livestock for the spread of pathogenic Klebsiella spp. is available. Thus, the phenotypic and genotypic properties of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing, and colistin-resistant Klebsiella strains (n = 185) from process- and wastewater of two poultry and pig slaughterhouses as well as their receiving municipal wastewater treatment plants (mWWTPs) were studied to determine the diversity of isolates that might be introduced into the food-production chain or that are released into the environment by surviving the wastewater treatment. Selectively-isolated Klebsiella spp. from slaughterhouses including effluents and receiving waterbodies of mWWTPs were assigned to various lineages, including high-risk clones involved in human outbreaks, and exhibited highly heterogeneous antibiotic-resistance patterns. While isolates originating from poultry slaughterhouses showed the highest rate of colistin resistance (32.4%, 23/71), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. were only detected in mWWTP samples (n = 76). The highest diversity of resistance genes (n = 77) was detected in Klebsiella spp. from mWWTPs, followed by isolates from pig (n = 56) and poultry slaughterhouses (n = 52). Interestingly, no carbapenemase-encoding genes were detected and mobile colistin resistance genes were only obeserved in isolates from poultry and pig slaughterhouses. Our study provides in-depth information into the clonality of livestock-associated Klebsiella spp. and their determinants involved in antimicrobial resistance and virulence development. On the basis of their pathogenic potential and clinical importance there is a potential risk of colonization and/or infection of wildlife, livestock and humans exposed to contaminated food and/or surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Savin
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany; Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele Bierbaum
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Judith Kreyenschmidt
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Hochschule Geisenheim University, Department of Fresh Produce Logistics, Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Silvia Schmoger
- Department for Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inna Akbaba
- Department for Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annemarie Käsbohrer
- Department for Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany; Unit for Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, AT-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jens Andre Hammerl
- Department for Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
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Pavelquesi SLS, de Oliveira Ferreira ACA, Rodrigues ARM, de Souza Silva CM, Orsi DC, da Silva ICR. Presence of Tetracycline and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in Salmonella spp.: Literature Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111314. [PMID: 34827252 PMCID: PMC8615168 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetracyclines and sulfonamides are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents which have been used to treat bacterial infections for over half a century. The widespread use of tetracyclines and sulfonamides led to the emergence of resistance in a diverse group of bacteria. This resistance can be studied by searching for resistance genes present in the bacteria responsible for different resistance mechanisms. Salmonella is one of the leading bacteria causing foodborne diseases worldwide, and its resistance to tetracyclines and sulfonamides has been widely reported. The literature review searched the Virtual Health Library for articles with specific data in the studied samples: the resistance genes found, the primers used in PCR, and the thermocycler conditions. The results revealed that Salmonella presented high rates of resistance to tetracycline and sulfonamide, and the most frequent samples used to isolate Salmonella were poultry and pork. The tetracycline resistance genes most frequently detected from Salmonella spp. were tetA followed by tetB. The gene sul1 followed by sul2 were the most frequently sulfonamide resistance genes present in Salmonella. These genes are associated with plasmids, transposons, or both, and are often conjugative, highlighting the transference potential of these genes to other bacteria, environments, animals, and humans.
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Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus Species Isolated in Raw Chicken Meat from Retail Stores. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10080904. [PMID: 34438954 PMCID: PMC8388630 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed at evaluating the presence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retailed raw chicken meat from retail stores intended for human consumption. The presence, characterization, and antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus from 38 retail raw chicken meat samples was performed using a standard microbiological method involving mannitol salt agar (MSA) and Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA). All the samples were positive for Staphylococcus species, of which 34 (89.5%) were positive for S. aureus. The S. aureus isolates were most resistant to tetracycline (88.24%), erythromycin (82.35%), and chloramphenicol (61.77%). Nevertheless, decreased resistance towards gentamycin (23.53%) and cotrimoxazole (38.24%) were recorded. All the S. aureus isolates in this study were resistant to cloxacillin, amoxicillin, and augmentin (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid). The present findings show how the raw chicken meat samples could be a potential source of multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains dissemination. Therefore, this study suggests high-level contamination of meat with multidrug-resistant S. aureus and highlights the public health consequences of consuming such products. Undoubtedly, uncontrolled drugs in food animal production as growth stimulators or medicinal treatment present a possible consequence to people’s health. Having the aforementioned in mind, there is a necessity to control the use of drugs and monitor any residues left in the food intended for human consumption.
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Puvača N, Milenković J, Galonja Coghill T, Bursić V, Petrović A, Tanasković S, Pelić M, Ljubojević Pelić D, Miljković T. Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Selected Pathogenic Bacteria: In Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:546. [PMID: 34066788 PMCID: PMC8151751 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide problem of infectious diseases has appeared in recent years, and antimicrobial agents are crucial in reducing disease emergence. Nevertheless, the development and distribution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Citrobacter koseri, has become a major society health hazard. Essential oils could serve as a promising tool as a natural drug in fighting the problem with these bacteria. The current study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effectiveness of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus obliqua L'Hér.), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill) essential oils. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils were screened against four pathogenic bacteria, E. coli, S. aureus, S. Tyhpi, and C. koseri, and two reference bacterial strains, while for the testing, the agar well diffusion method was used. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MSD) analyses were performed on essential oils. The obtained results showed that M. alternifolia essential oil is the richest in terpinen-4-ol, R. officinalis and E. oblique essential oils in 1,8-cineole, and L. angustifolia essential oil in α-terpinyl acetate. In addition, the main bioactive compounds present in the essential oil of tea tree are rich in α-pinene (18.38%), limonene (7.55%) and γ-terpinene (14.01%). The essential oil of rosemary is rich in α-pinene (8.38%) and limonene (11.86%); eucalyptus essential oil has significant concentrations of α-pinene (12.60%), p-cymene (3.24%), limonene (3.87%), and γ-terpinene (7.37%), while the essential oil of lavender is rich in linalool (10.71%), linalool acetate (9.60%), α-terpinyl acetate (10.93%), and carbitol (13.05%) bioactive compounds, respectively. The obtained results from the in vitro study revealed that most of the essential oils exhibited antimicrobial properties. Among the tested essential oils, tea tree was discovered to demonstrate the strongest antimicrobial activity. The recorded MIC of S. Typhi was 6.2 mg/mL, 3.4 mg/mL of C. koseri, 3.1 mg/mL of E. coli, and 2.7 mg/mL of E. coli ATCC 25922, compared to M. alternifolia. Similarly, only S. aureus ATCC 25923 showed antimicrobial activity towards R. officinalis (1.4 mg/mL), E. oblique (2.9 mg/mL), and L. angustifolia (2.1 mg/mL). Based on the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that tea tree essential oil might be used as an ecological antimicrobial in treating infectious diseases caused by the tested pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Puvača
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Jaume I University, Avinguda de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cvećarska 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Jovana Milenković
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Tamara Galonja Coghill
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cvećarska 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Vojislava Bursić
- Department for Phytomedicine and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Petrović
- Department for Phytomedicine and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Snežana Tanasković
- Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, University of Kragujevac, Cara Dušana 34, 32102 Čačak, Serbia;
| | - Miloš Pelić
- Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Rumenački put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.P.); (D.L.P.)
| | - Dragana Ljubojević Pelić
- Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Rumenački put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.P.); (D.L.P.)
| | - Tatjana Miljković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
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Zalewska M, Błażejewska A, Czapko A, Popowska M. Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Animal Manure - Consequences of Its Application in Agriculture. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:610656. [PMID: 33854486 PMCID: PMC8039466 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.610656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a relatively new type of pollutant. The rise in antibiotic resistance observed recently is closely correlated with the uncontrolled and widespread use of antibiotics in agriculture and the treatment of humans and animals. Resistant bacteria have been identified in soil, animal feces, animal housing (e.g., pens, barns, or pastures), the areas around farms, manure storage facilities, and the guts of farm animals. The selection pressure caused by the irrational use of antibiotics in animal production sectors not only promotes the survival of existing antibiotic-resistant bacteria but also the development of new resistant forms. One of the most critical hot-spots related to the development and dissemination of ARGs is livestock and poultry production. Manure is widely used as a fertilizer thanks to its rich nutrient and organic matter content. However, research indicates that its application may pose a severe threat to human and animal health by facilitating the dissemination of ARGs to arable soil and edible crops. This review examines the pathogens, potentially pathogenic microorganisms and ARGs which may be found in animal manure, and evaluates their effect on human health through their exposure to soil and plant resistomes. It takes a broader view than previous studies of this topic, discussing recent data on antibiotic use in farm animals and the effect of these practices on the composition of animal manure; it also examines how fertilization with animal manure may alter soil and crop microbiomes, and proposes the drivers of such changes and their consequences for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zalewska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błażejewska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czapko
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Popowska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Ljubojević Pelić D, Vidaković Knežević S, Pelić M, Živkov Baloš M, Milanov D. The epidemiological significance of duck meat as a source of Salmonella spp. a review. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1866960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Ljubojević Pelić
- Department of Food Safety, Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - S. Vidaković Knežević
- Department of Food Safety, Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M. Pelić
- Department of Food Safety, Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M. Živkov Baloš
- Department of Food Safety, Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - D. Milanov
- Department of Food Safety, Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Sevilla-Navarro S, Catalá-Gregori P, Marin C. Salmonella Bacteriophage Diversity According to Most Prevalent Salmonella Serovars in Layer and Broiler Poultry Farms from Eastern Spain. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1456. [PMID: 32825110 PMCID: PMC7552790 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploration of novel nonantibiotic interventions in the field, such as the use of bacteriophages, is necessary to avoid the presence of Salmonella. Bacteriophages are a group of viruses widely distributed in nature, strictly associated with the prokaryotic cell. Researchers have demonstrated the success of phage therapy in reducing Salmonella counts in poultry products. However, the impact that phage concentration in the environment may have against certain Salmonella serovars is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess Salmonella phage prevalence in commercial poultry farms in terms of the production type: layers or broilers. The most prevalent Salmonella serovars isolated in poultry production were used for phage isolation. Salmonella specific phages were isolated from 141 layer and broiler farms located in the Valencia region during 2019. Analysis of the samples revealed that 100% presented Salmonella phages, the most prevalent being against serovar S. Enteritidis (93%), followed by S. Virchow (59%), S. Typhimurium (55%), S. Infantis (52%) and S. Ohio (51%). These results indicate that poultry farms could represent an important source of Salmonella phages. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to assess the epidemiology of phages against other serovars present in other countries and their diversity from the point of view of molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sevilla-Navarro
- Centro de Calidad Avícola y Alimentación Animal de la Comunidad Valenciana (CECAV), Calle Nules 16, 12539 Castellón, Spain;
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Avenida Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada, Spain;
| | - Pablo Catalá-Gregori
- Centro de Calidad Avícola y Alimentación Animal de la Comunidad Valenciana (CECAV), Calle Nules 16, 12539 Castellón, Spain;
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Avenida Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada, Spain;
| | - Clara Marin
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Avenida Seminario s/n, 46113 Moncada, Spain;
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli and ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Diffusion in Conventional, Organic and Antibiotic-Free Meat Chickens at Slaughter. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071215. [PMID: 32708915 PMCID: PMC7401526 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Following the spread of antibiotic resistance and the high consumption of chicken meat, conventional poultry-producing companies have turned to antibiotic-free and organic lines of products. Our work investigated E. coli susceptibility to different antimicrobials and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli diffusion from samples collected in slaughterhouse from conventional (C), organic (O) and reared without antibiotics (ABF) chickens. Conventional samples showed the highest number of E. coli strains resistant to ampicillin (89.6%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (62.2%), nalidixic acid (57.8%), ciprofloxacin (44.4%), and cefotaxime (43.7%), with prevalent patterns of multi-resistance to three (35.1%) and to four antimicrobials (31.3%). The highest numbers of ESBL E. coli were observed in conventional and the lowest in organic. Our results are relevant with an influence of farming typology regarding the susceptibility of E. coli and the presence of ESBL E. coli. Conventional farms, in which the use of antibiotics is allowed, showed samples with the highest number of strains resistant to antimicrobials commonly used in poultry as well as the highest amounts of ESBL E. coli. Organic samples exhibited the lowest value for ESBL due to a lack of antimicrobial treatment in chickens and the possibility to have access to the outdoors, limiting contact with litter as a potential source of resistant bacteria. Abstract As a result of public health concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance in animal-based food products, conventional poultry companies have turned to ‘raised without antibiotics’ (ABF) and organic farming systems. In this work, we evaluated the influence of rearing systems on antimicrobial susceptibility in E. coli and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESLB) E. coli diffusion in conventional (C), organic (O) and antibiotic free (ABF) chicken samples collected from cloacal swabs and skin samples in slaughterhouse. The E. coli isolates from conventional (135), antibiotic-free (131) and organic (140) samples were submitted to the Kirby–Bauer method and ESBL E. coli were analyzed by the microdilution test. Conventional samples showed the highest number of strains resistant to ampicillin (89.6%; p < 0.01), cefotaxime (43.7%; p < 0.01), nalidixic acid (57.8%; p < 0.01), ciprofloxacin (44.4%; p < 0.001), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (62.2%; p < 0.01), with patterns of multi-resistance to three (35.1%) and to four antimicrobials (31.3%), whereas most of the E. coli isolated from antibiotic-free and organic chicken samples revealed a co-resistance pattern (29.2% and 39%, respectively). The highest number of ESBL E. coli was observed in conventional, in both cloacal and skin samples and the lowest in organic (p < 0.001). Our results are consistent with the effect of conventional farming practices on E. coli antimicrobial resistance and ESBL E. coli number, due to the use of antimicrobials and close contact with litter for most of the production cycle.
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Influence of Different Tetracycline Antimicrobial Therapy of Mycoplasma ( Mycoplasma synoviae) in Laying Hens Compared to Tea Tree Essential Oil on Table Egg Quality and Antibiotic Residues. Foods 2020; 9:foods9050612. [PMID: 32403221 PMCID: PMC7278781 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The food of animal origin that is the most consumed is the table egg, but laying hens treated with antibiotics can produce eggs contaminated with antibiotic residues. Residues of antibiotics may present a risk for consumer health. Keeping in mind that laying hens almost always suffer from Mycoplasma (Mycoplasma synoviae), for which they are treated with antibiotics, high-quality egg production is even harder. Our research aimed to investigate the influence of three different antibiotics compared to the tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oil administered to naturally infected laying hens with M. synoviae, on antibiotic residues in eggs as well as the egg nutritive and sensory qualities. A total of 20,000 laying hens, housed in one facility and divided into four lines each consisting of 5000 hens naturally infected with M. synoviae, was used. For the antimicrobial therapy, tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) were used, respectively. As a control, tea tree essential oil (TT) was used. Based on the gained results all tetracyclines treatment residue values were significantly (p < 0.05) higher compared to the control treatment (TT), but without any significant differences (p > 0.05) between themselves. The results showed no differences in the nutritive and the sensory qualities of eggs between the control and the experimental treatments (p > 0.05). Keeping in mind the obtained results from this study, it can be concluded that tea tree essential oil could be successfully used as a natural antibiotic in the treatment of M. synoviae, without any adverse effects on table egg quality.
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Ormsby MJ, Johnson SA, Carpena N, Meikle LM, Goldstone RJ, McIntosh A, Wessel HM, Hulme HE, McConnachie CC, Connolly JPR, Roe AJ, Hasson C, Boyd J, Fitzgerald E, Gerasimidis K, Morrison D, Hold GL, Hansen R, Walker D, Smith DGE, Wall DM. Propionic Acid Promotes the Virulent Phenotype of Crohn's Disease-Associated Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli. Cell Rep 2020; 30:2297-2305.e5. [PMID: 32075765 PMCID: PMC7034058 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionic acid (PA) is a bacterium-derived intestinal antimicrobial and immune modulator used widely in food production and agriculture. Passage of Crohn's disease-associated adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) through a murine model, in which intestinal PA levels are increased to mimic the human intestine, leads to the recovery of AIEC with significantly increased virulence. Similar phenotypic changes are observed outside the murine model when AIEC is grown in culture with PA as the sole carbon source; such PA exposure also results in AIEC that persists at 20-fold higher levels in vivo. RNA sequencing identifies an upregulation of genes involved in biofilm formation, stress response, metabolism, membrane integrity, and alternative carbon source utilization. PA exposure also increases virulence in a number of E. coli isolates from Crohn's disease patients. Removal of PA is sufficient to reverse these phenotypic changes. Our data indicate that exposure to PA results in AIEC resistance and increased virulence in its presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Ormsby
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Síle A Johnson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Nuria Carpena
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Lynsey M Meikle
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Robert J Goldstone
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Anne McIntosh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Hannah M Wessel
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Heather E Hulme
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ceilidh C McConnachie
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - James P R Connolly
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andrew J Roe
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Conor Hasson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Joseph Boyd
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Eamonn Fitzgerald
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Konstantinos Gerasimidis
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Douglas Morrison
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK
| | - Georgina L Hold
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Hansen
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Daniel Walker
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - David G E Smith
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Daniel M Wall
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
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Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Broiler Chickens. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2019-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to detect the antibiotic resistance of forty-one Escherichia coli isolates from the intestinal contents of slaughtered broiler chickens using the disk diffusion method according to Kirby-Bauer. Mueller-Hinton agar plates were inoculated with 0.1 ml overnight broth cultures of individual E. coli isolates and the disks with the following concentrations of antibiotics were applied onto them: ampicillin (10 μg), cefotaxime (30 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), streptomycin (10 μg), azithromycin (15 μg), tetracycline (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (30 μg) and levofloxacin (3 μg). After the incubation at 37 °C for 16—18 hours, the inhibition zones were measured and interpreted in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) zone diameter breakpoints. Almost all E. coli isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (92.68 %), most of them were resistant to gentamicin (75.61 %) and levofloxacine (70.73 %). Phenotypic resistance to tetracycline was further confirmed with the help of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) procedure focused on the presence of specific tet(A) and tet(B) genes. These genes were detected in all 41 E. coli isolates. On the contrary, E. coli isolates were highly susceptible to both azithromycin and streptomycin. In conclusion, the study highlighted the role of commensal E. coli bacteria isolated from the intestines of broiler chickens as an important reservoir of tetracycline resistance genes.
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