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Riverol M, Ríos-Rivera MM, Imaz-Aguayo L, Solis-Barquero SM, Arrondo C, Montoya-Murillo G, Villino-Rodríguez R, García-Eulate R, Domínguez P, Fernández-Seara MA. Structural neuroimaging changes associated with subjective cognitive decline from a clinical sample. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 42:103615. [PMID: 38749146 PMCID: PMC11109886 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions. Some individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are in the early phase of the disease and subsequently progress through the AD continuum. Although neuroimaging biomarkers could be used for the accurate and early diagnosis of preclinical AD, the findings in SCD samples have been heterogeneous. This study established the morphological differences in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between individuals with SCD and those without cognitive impairment based on a clinical sample of patients defined according to SCD-Initiative recommendations. Moreover, we investigated baseline structural changes in the brains of participants who remained stable or progressed to mild cognitive impairment or dementia. METHODS This study included 309 participants with SCD and 43 healthy controls (HCs) with high-quality brain MRI at baseline. Among the 99 subjects in the SCD group who were followed clinically, 32 progressed (SCDp) and 67 remained stable (SCDnp). A voxel-wise statistical comparison of gray and white matter (WM) volume was performed between the HC and SCD groups and between the HC, SCDp, and SCDnp groups. XTRACT ATLAS was used to define the anatomical location of WM tract damage. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were performed to determine brain volumetric differences. White matter lesion (WML) burden was established in each group. RESULTS Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis revealed that the SCD group exhibited gray matter atrophy in the middle frontal gyri, superior orbital gyri, superior frontal gyri, right rectal gyrus, whole occipital lobule, and both thalami and precunei. Meanwhile, ROI analysis revealed decreased volume in the left rectal gyrus, bilateral medial orbital gyri, middle frontal gyri, superior frontal gyri, calcarine fissure, and left thalamus. The SCDp group exhibited greater hippocampal atrophy (p < 0.001) than the SCDnp and HC groups on ROI analyses. On VBM analysis, however, the SCDp group exhibited increased hippocampal atrophy only when compared to the SCDnp group (p < 0.001). The SCD group demonstrated lower WM volume in the uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, and callosum forceps than the HC group. However, no significant differences in WML number (p = 0.345) or volume (p = 0.156) were observed between the SCD and HC groups. CONCLUSIONS The SCD group showed brain atrophy mainly in the frontal and occipital lobes. However, only the SCDp group demonstrated atrophy in the medial temporal lobe at baseline. Structural damage in the brain regions was anatomically connected, which may contribute to early memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Riverol
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Mirla M Ríos-Rivera
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David 4001, Chiriquí, Panama
| | - Laura Imaz-Aguayo
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain
| | | | - Carlota Arrondo
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain
| | | | | | - Reyes García-Eulate
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain
| | - Pablo Domínguez
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain
| | - Maria A Fernández-Seara
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain
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Gopi Y, Madan CR. Subjective memory measures: Metamemory questionnaires currently in use. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2024; 77:924-942. [PMID: 37300278 PMCID: PMC11032637 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231183855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Subjective memory evaluation is important for assessing memory abilities and complaints alongside objective measures. In research and clinical settings, questionnaires are used to examine perceived memory ability, memory complaints, and memory beliefs/knowledge. Although they provide a structured measure of self-reported memory, there is some debate as to whether subjective evaluation accurately reflects memory abilities. Specifically, the disconnect between subjective and objective memory measures remains a long-standing issue within the field. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the benefits and limitations of questionnaires that are currently in use. This review encompasses three categories of metamemory questionnaires: self-efficacy, complaints, and multidimensional questionnaires. Factors influencing self-evaluation of memory including knowledge and beliefs about memory, ability to evaluate memory, recent metamemory experiences, and affect are examined. The relationship between subjective and objective memory measures is explored, and considerations for future development and use of metamemory questionnaires are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashoda Gopi
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Stellefson M, Wang MQ, Campbell O. Factors influencing patient-provider communication about subjective cognitive decline in people with COPD: Insights from a national survey. Chron Respir Dis 2024; 21:14799731241268338. [PMID: 39083760 PMCID: PMC11292718 DOI: 10.1177/14799731241268338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: While there is a growing body of evidence indicating a relationship between COPD and cognitive impairment, there is a gap in evidence regarding discussions of cognitive symptoms in healthcare settings. This study investigated the extent to which individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) self-reported confusion or memory loss with healthcare professionals. Methods: A secondary analysis of 2019 BRFSS data of US adults aged 45+ with COPD (N = 107,204), using logistic regression to explore associations between socio-demographic and health-related indicators with discussion of cognitive symptoms with healthcare professionals. Results: Less than half (45.88%) of individuals reporting SCD discussed their cognitive symptoms with their healthcare provider. In the adjusted model, unemployed (AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.70-5.02, p < .005), retired (AOR = 3.16, 95% CI: 1.37-7.30, p < .01), and current smokers (AOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.02-2.93, p < .05) were more likely to discuss cognitive decline with a healthcare professional than their counterparts. In contrast, males (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32-0.86, p < .05) and binge drinkers (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30-0.79, p < .01) were significantly less likely to do so when compared to their counterparts. Discussion: The study highlighted significant disparities in the likelihood of individuals with COPD discussing cognitive symptoms based on socio-demographic and health risk behaviors. Conclusion: Addressing gender disparities, occupational status, and personal health risks is crucial for improving patient-provider communication about SCD among adults with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stellefson
- Endowed Academic Chair in Human Environmental Sciences, Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Min Qi Wang
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Olivia Campbell
- Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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4
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Bruus AE, Waldemar G, Vogel A. Subjective Complaints are Similar in Subjective Cognitive Decline and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease when Assessed in a Memory Clinic Setting. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2023; 36:479-486. [PMID: 36892567 DOI: 10.1177/08919887231164352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective cognitive complaints are generally poorly associated with objective memory functioning in older persons. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a key feature in SCD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) which both can represent early Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to assess how memory clinic patients with SCD, MCI and mild AD dementia scored on 3 different complaint measures and if the format of assessment had an impact on the association with cognitive functioning, age, and depressive symptoms. METHODS We included 17 SCD patients, 17 aMCI patients, 17 patients with mild AD, and 30 controls. Complaints were assessed with the Cognitive Change Index (CCI), the Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) scale, and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). RESULTS There were no significant differences between the total scores in the patient groups on the questionnaires. However, significant differences were found in the number of patients classified with impairment when using the CCI, the SMC, and the MAC-Q. Scores on all questionnaires were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and significant associations with age, gender, and Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination score were found for the SMC. In patients with cognitive dysfunction, lower memory awareness significantly predicted fewer cognitive complaints. CONCLUSIONS SCD patients in a memory clinic setting report the same degree of cognitive impairment as patients with aMCI and mild dementia, and in a hospital-based cohort we extend previous findings from healthy controls, that definition of SCD may depend on the format of assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Bruus
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunhild Waldemar
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asmus Vogel
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wion RK, Hill NL, Bell TR, Mogle J, Yates J, Bhang I. The Role of Cognitive Self-Report Measure Type in Predicting Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:487-511. [PMID: 34151643 PMCID: PMC8688580 DOI: 10.1177/08919887211023591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many types of items are used to measure self-reported cognition, resulting in heterogeneity across studies. Certain cognitive self-report measure types may be more predictive of future decline. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to compare whether specific types of cognitive self-report measures better predict risk for cognitive decline over time when measures are directly compared within the same study. The PRISMA criteria guided the review. Eligibility criteria included: longitudinal studies, outcome of cognitive decline, at least 2 different cognitive self-report measures, and no cognitive impairment at baseline. Nineteen studies were included in the final review. A narrative synthesis of results was completed, resulting in 3 thematic groups of comparisons across self-reported measure types. Self-reported memory decline with worry and peer perceptions of memory were associated with the highest risk for cognitive decline. Future longitudinal investigations of self-reported cognitive problems should focus on using measures that may be most sensitive to predicting cognitive decline risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikki L. Hill
- College of Nursing++, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Tyler R. Bell
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Jennifer Yates
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Iris Bhang
- College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Cognitive Function and the Implication for Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137748. [PMID: 35805406 PMCID: PMC9266128 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that patients with severe COVID-19 disease may have symptoms that continue beyond the acute phase, extending into the early chronic phase. This prolonged COVID-19 pathology is often referred to as ‘Long COVID’. Simultaneously, case investigations have shown that COVID-19 individuals might have a variety of neurological problems. The accurate and accessible assessment of cognitive function in patients post-COVID-19 infection is thus of increasingly high importance for both public and individual health. Little is known about the influence of COVID-19 on the general cognitive levels but more importantly, at sub-functions level. Therefore, we first aim to summarize the current level of evidence supporting the negative impact of COVID-19 infection on cognitive functions. Twenty-seven studies were included in the systematic review representing a total of 94,103 participants (90,317 COVID-19 patients and 3786 healthy controls). We then performed a meta-analysis summarizing the results of five studies (959 participants, 513 patients) to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive functions. The overall effect, expressed in standardized mean differences, is −0.41 [95%CI −0.55; −0.27]. To prevent disability, we finally discuss the different approaches available in rehabilitation to help these patients and avoid long-term complications.
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Bonnechère B. Evaluation of Processing Speed of Different Cognitive Functions Across the Life Span Using Cognitive Mobile Games. Games Health J 2022; 11:132-140. [PMID: 35180366 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2021.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Processing speed (PS) is an important indicator of cognitive functioning and normal aging. However, the tools used to evaluate these are often rather simplistic and only assess one cognitive component. The aim of this study was to use cognitive mobile games (CMG) to evaluate the evolution of reaction times over the life span during different cognitive tasks. Methodology: We carried out a retrospective observational study in which we obtained anonymized results of 15,000 subjects. Scores of five CMG that train arithmetic, vocabulary, response control, visual attention and recognition, and working memory were analyzed. Results: Overall, we observed a highly statistically significant decrease (P < 0.001) in PS and a decrease of accuracy (P < 0.001) with increasing participant age, indicating that for each cognitive function tested, older participants performed cognitive tasks more slowly than younger participants. We also observed an interaction between the age of the participants and the number of errors. These results are consistent with physiological data with respect to aging and cognition. Conclusion: Owing to their wide availability and ease of use, CMG could be used as a simple tool to monitor cognitive function such as PS. Further studies are needed to study the influence of pathologies on those variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonnechère
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Morrison C, Dadar M, Shafiee N, Villeneuve S, Louis Collins D. Regional brain atrophy and cognitive decline depend on definition of subjective cognitive decline. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 33:102923. [PMID: 34959049 PMCID: PMC8718726 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background People with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may be at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, not all studies have observed this increased risk. This project examined whether four common methods of defining SCD yields different patterns of atrophy and future cognitive decline between cognitively normal older adults with (SCD+ ) and without SCD (SCD−). Methods Data from 273 Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cognitively normal older adults were examined. To operationalize SCD we used four common methods: Cognitive Change Index (CCI), Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog), ECog + Worry, and Worry. Voxel-based logistic regressions were applied to deformation-based morphology results to determine if regional atrophy between SCD− and SCD+ differed by SCD definition. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate differences in future cognitive decline. Results Results varied between the four methods of defining SCD. Left hippocampal grading was more similar to AD in SCD+ than SCD− when using the CCI (p = .041) and Worry (p = .021) definitions. The right (p=.008) and left (p=.003) superior temporal regions had smaller volumes in SCD+ than SCD−, but only with the ECog. SCD+ was associated with greater future cognitive decline measured by Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale, but only with the CCI definition. In contrast, only the ECog definition of SCD was associated with future decline on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Conclusion These findings suggest that the various methods used to differentiate between SCD− and SCD+ influence whether volume differences and findings of cognitive decline are observed between groups in this retrospective analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Morrison
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Canada
| | - Neda Shafiee
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, H3A 1A1 Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (StoP-AD) Centre, H4H 1R3 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Louis Collins
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Bonnechère B, Klass M, Langley C, Sahakian BJ. Brain training using cognitive apps can improve cognitive performance and processing speed in older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12313. [PMID: 34112925 PMCID: PMC8192763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing age-related decrease of cognitive function is an important public health challenge, especially in the context of the global aging of the population. Over the last years several Cognitive Mobile Games (CMG) have been developed to train and challenge the brain. However, currently the level of evidence supporting the benefits of using CMG in real-life use is limited in older adults, especially at a late age. In this study we analyzed game scores and the processing speed obtained over the course of 100 sessions in 12,000 subjects aged 60 to over 80 years. Users who trained with the games improved regardless of age in terms of scores and processing speed throughout the 100 sessions, suggesting that old and very old adults can improve their cognitive performance using CMG in real-life use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonnechère
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK.
| | - Malgorzata Klass
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christelle Langley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Barbara Jacquelyn Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
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Mendes T, Cardoso S, Guerreiro M, Maroco J, Silva D, Alves L, Schmand B, Simões do Couto F, Figueira ML, de Mendonça A. Memory awareness in patients with Major Depressive Disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:411-418. [PMID: 33774535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) along with cognitive deficits are frequently observed in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The relationship between SMC and objective memory performance in patients with MDD was evaluated, in comparison with patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's Disease (MCI-AD) and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Patients with MDD (n = 47), MCI-AD (n = 43) and HC (n = 45) were assessed with a self-report memory complaints scale (SMCS) and underwent a comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment. A discrepancy score between the Logical Memory delayed recall and the SMCS total score was calculated as a measure of memory awareness. RESULTS Patients with MDD (12.5 ± 4.4) and patients with MCI-AD (10.9 ± 4.1) had not significantly different SMCS total scores, whereas HC showed significantly lower scores (4.0 ± 3.0). As much as 74.5% of patients with MDD patients and 65.1% of patients with MCI-AD reported prominent memory complaints, whereas only 4.4% of HC did. Patients with MDD had relatively preserved memory tests, resulting in a higher discrepancy score than both patients with MCI-AD and HC. The SMCS total score correlated positively with depressive symptoms in the 3 groups of participants. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MDD showed inaccurate memory self-awareness as they under-estimated their memory functioning, a pattern distinct from both patients with MCI-AD and HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Mendes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Cardoso
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - João Maroco
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dina Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences and Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Alves
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ben Schmand
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frederico Simões do Couto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
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Gustavson DE, Jak AJ, Elman JA, Panizzon MS, Franz CE, Gifford KA, Reynolds CA, Toomey R, Lyons MJ, Kremen WS. How Well Does Subjective Cognitive Decline Correspond to Objectively Measured Cognitive Decline? Assessment of 10-12 Year Change. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:291-304. [PMID: 34308902 PMCID: PMC8482061 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although not strongly correlated with current objective cognitive ability, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Most studies focus on SCD in relation to future decline rather than objective prior decline that it purportedly measures. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether self-report of cognitive decline-as a continuous measure-corresponds to objectively-assessed episodic memory and executive function decline across the same period. METHODS 1,170 men completed the Everyday Cognition Questionnaire (ECog) at mean age 68 assessing subjective changes in cognitive ability relative to 10 years prior. A subset had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but MCI was diagnosed without regard to subjective decline. Participants completed up to 3 objective assessments of memory and executive function (M = 56, 62, and 68 years). Informant-reported ECogs were completed for 1,045 individuals. Analyses controlled for depression and anxiety symptoms assessed at mean age 68. RESULTS Participant-reported ECog scores were modestly associated with objective decline for memory (β= -0.23, 95%CI [-0.37, -0.10]) and executive function (β= -0.19, 95%CI [-0.33, -0.05]) over the same time period. However, these associations were nonsignificant after excluding MCI cases. Results were similar for informant ratings. Participant-rated ECog scores were more strongly associated with concurrent depression and anxiety symptoms, (β= 0.44, 95%CI [0.36, 0.53]). CONCLUSION Continuous SCD scores are correlated with prior objective cognitive changes in non-demented individuals, though this association appears driven by individuals with current MCI. However, participants' current depression and anxiety ratings tend to be strongly associated with their SCD ratings. Thus, what primarily drives SCD ratings remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Gustavson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Amy J. Jak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Psychology Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare system, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew S. Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Katherine A. Gifford
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Chandra A. Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Rosemary Toomey
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA
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12
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Hill NL, Mogle J, Bhargava S, Whitaker E, Bhang I, Capuano AW, Arvanitakis Z, Bennett DA, Barnes LL. Differences in the Associations Between Memory Complaints and Depressive Symptoms Among Black and White Older Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 75:783-791. [PMID: 30102393 PMCID: PMC7328028 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gby091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether race (specifically Black or White) moderates the relationship between memory complaints and depressive symptoms in cognitively normal older adults, and if these relationships vary by memory complaint characteristics. METHODS Data from Black (n = 551) and White (n = 1,158) cognitively intact participants (Mage = 77.1, SD = 7.5; 76.6% female) in the Minority Aging Research Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project were used. Participants completed annual clinical evaluations, including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale and two memory complaint questions, over periods of up to 18 years. Ordinal mixed effects models were used to examine within-person relationships between memory complaints and depressive symptoms over time, as well as whether race moderated these associations. RESULTS Reports of greater memory change over time were associated with more depressive symptoms for both Black and White older adults. However, reports of greater frequency of memory problems were related to depressive symptoms for Black older adults only. CONCLUSION Findings suggest differential associations between memory complaints and depressive symptoms in cognitively normal Black and White older adults and call for future research to examine the influence of race and related factors on memory complaints and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L Hill
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Sakshi Bhargava
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Emily Whitaker
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Iris Bhang
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Ana W Capuano
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zoe Arvanitakis
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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13
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Pearman A. Short-term variability in subjective memory decline: the influence of age and neuroticism. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2020; 28:687-700. [DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2020.1809631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pearman
- School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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14
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Barriers to help-seeking for memory problems in older adults. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:1027-1033. [PMID: 32720158 PMCID: PMC7716933 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate potential barriers to help-seeking for memory problems as well as outreach to providers. Findings Participants who endorsed having hearing problems were the most likely to endorse barriers to help-seeking as well as speaking to a physician. Message Physicians and healthcare agencies can work to design outreach for persons who experience barriers, particularly hearing loss. Purpose Early detection of age- and disease-related cognitive problems affords patients the opportunities to receive medical treatment, engage in research, and plan for the future. Understanding help-seeking behavior has potential to aid both patients and clinicians. This study was designed to identify predictors of endorsed barriers to memory-related help-seeking as well as medical help-seeking endorsement. Methods This cross-sectional correlational study used a convenience sample of 97 older adults. The participants answered anonymous questionnaires about subjective memory, mood, and health and several items designed to investigate help-seeking for memory issues. Results Persons who endorsed multiple barriers to help-seeking were more likely to also endorse having hearing problems. In addition, participants who reported that they would not talk to a doctor or physician about memory concerns also had significantly worse subjective hearing. Conclusion Hearing loss may be a particular risk for not seeking help for memory problems. Physicians and healthcare agencies can work to design outreach for persons who experience barriers, such as hearing loss and the concomitant outcomes.
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15
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Bonnechère B, Bier JC, Van Hove O, Sheldon S, Samadoulougou S, Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F, Klass M. Age-Associated Capacity to Progress When Playing Cognitive Mobile Games: Ecological Retrospective Observational Study. JMIR Serious Games 2020; 8:e17121. [PMID: 32530432 PMCID: PMC7320308 DOI: 10.2196/17121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The decline of cognitive function is an important issue related to aging. Over the last few years, numerous mobile apps have been developed to challenge the brain with cognitive exercises; however, little is currently known about how age influences capacity for performance improvement when playing cognitive mobile games. Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the score data of cognitive mobile games over a period of 100 gaming sessions to determine age-related learning ability for new cognitive tasks by measuring the level of score improvement achieved by participants of different ages. Methods Scores from 9000 individuals of different ages for 7 cognitive mobile games over 100 gaming sessions were analyzed. Scores from the first session were compared between age groups using one-way analysis of variance. Mixed models were subsequently used to investigate the progression of scores over 100 sessions. Results Statistically significant differences were found between age groups for the initial scores of 6 of the 7 games (linear trend, P<.001). Cognitive mobile game scores increased for all participants (P<.001) suggesting that all participants were able to improve their performance. The rate of improvement was, however, strongly influenced by the age of the participant with slower progression for older participants (P<.001). Conclusions This study provides evidence to support two interesting insights—cognitive mobile game scores appear to be sensitive to the changes in cognitive ability that occur with advancing age; therefore, these games could be a convenient way to monitor cognitive function over long-term follow-up, and users who train with the cognitive mobile games improve regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonnechère
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Christophe Bier
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Érasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Van Hove
- Department of Chest and Thoracic Surgery, Hôpital Érasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Sékou Samadoulougou
- Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Malgorzata Klass
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Neurophysiology, Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Si T, Xing G, Han Y. Subjective Cognitive Decline and Related Cognitive Deficits. Front Neurol 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32508729 PMCID: PMC7248257 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since late stage dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), cannot be reversed by any available drugs, there is increasing research interest in the preclinical stage of AD, i.e., subjective cognitive decline (SCD). SCD is characterized by self-perceptive cognitive decline but is difficult to detect using objective tests. At SCD stage, the cognitive deficits can be more easily reversed compared to that of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD only if accurate diagnosis of SCD and early intervention can be developed. In this paper, we review the recent progress of SCD research including current assessment tools, biomarkers, neuroimaging, intervention and expected prognosis, and the potential relevance to traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Si
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital and the Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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17
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McWhirter L, Ritchie C, Stone J, Carson A. Functional cognitive disorders: a systematic review. Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7:191-207. [PMID: 31732482 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive symptoms are common, and yet many who seek help for cognitive symptoms neither have, nor go on to develop, dementia. A proportion of these people are likely to have functional cognitive disorders, a subtype of functional neurological disorders, in which cognitive symptoms are present, associated with distress or disability, but caused by functional alterations rather than degenerative brain disease or another structural lesion. In this Review, we have systematically examined the prevalence and clinical associations of functional cognitive disorders, and related phenotypes, within the wider cognitive disorder literature. Around a quarter of patients presenting to memory clinics received diagnoses that might indicate the presence of functional cognitive disorders, which were associated with affective symptoms, negative self-evaluation, negative illness perceptions, non-progressive symptom trajectories, and linguistic and behavioural differences during clinical interactions. Those with functional cognitive disorder phenotypes are at risk of iatrogenic harm because of misdiagnosis or inaccurate prediction of future decline. Further research is imperative to improve diagnosis and identify effective treatments for functional cognitive disorders, and better understanding these phenotypes will also improve the specificity of diagnoses of prodromal degenerative brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura McWhirter
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Craig Ritchie
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jon Stone
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alan Carson
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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18
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Mendes T, Cardoso S, Guerreiro M, Maroco J, Silva D, Alves L, Schmand B, Gerardo B, Lima M, Santana I, de Mendonça A. Can Subjective Memory Complaints Identify Aβ Positive and Aβ Negative Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients? J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 70:1103-1111. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-190414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Mendes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cardoso
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - João Maroco
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dina Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences and Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Alves
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ben Schmand
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bianca Gerardo
- Neuropsychology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marisa Lima
- Neuropsychology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santana
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal
- Neuropsychology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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Hao L, Xing Y, Li X, Mu B, Zhao W, Wang G, Wang T, Jia J, Han Y. Risk Factors and Neuropsychological Assessments of Subjective Cognitive Decline ( plus) in Chinese Memory Clinic. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:846. [PMID: 31474820 PMCID: PMC6702310 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was standardized in 2014, many studies have investigated its features. However, the risk of SCD (plus) progressing to AD is much higher, and yet there have been few studies reporting the risk factors and neuropsychological assessment characteristics of SCD (plus). Objective To characterize SCD (plus) by comparing it with normal control (NC), amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and Alzheimer Disease (AD) regarding their demographics, lifestyle, family history of dementia, multimorbidity and the neuropsychological assessments. Methods A total of 135 participants were recruited, including 23 NC, 30 SCD (plus), 45 aMCI and 37 AD. Descriptive statistics were provided. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the affecting factors of SCD (plus), and finally the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to distinguish between SCD (plus) and NC. Results (1) SCD (plus) group was younger than both the aMCI group and AD group. It consisted of more participants with mental work and higher body mass index (BMI) than the AD group. (2) Scores of Auditory Verbal Learning Test - Immediate recall (AVLT-IR) and AVLT-Long delayed recall (AVLT-LR) decreased in the following order: NC→SCD (plus)→aMCI→AD. (3) The Area Under Curve (AUC) for discriminating SCD (plus) and NC group was from 0.673 to 0.838. Conclusion Aging is an important risk factor of both NC progressing to SCD (plus), and SCD (plus) progressing to aMCI or AD. In addition to aging, lower education level and lower BMI were significantly associated with greater odds of SCD (plus) progressing to aMCI or AD patients, whereas mental work was a protective factor of SCD (plus) progressing to AD. Finally, AVLT is a sensitive indicator of the cognitive decline and impairment in SCD (plus) in relative to normal controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of General Practice, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xuanyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Mu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weina Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Gubing Wang
- Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of General Practice, School of General Practice and Continuing Education of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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20
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Wion RK, Hill NL, DePasquale N, Mogle J, Whitaker EB. The Relationship between Subjective Cognitive Impairment and Activity Participation: A Systematic Review. ACTIVITIES ADAPTATION & AGING 2019; 44:225-245. [PMID: 33790489 DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2019.1651188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes current evidence to determine how subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) relates to physical, cognitive, and social activity participation in older adults. Nine peer-reviewed articles were reviewed and appraised for evidence quality. Most were cross-sectional and had high methodological quality. Higher levels of SCI were almost universally associated with lower levels of physical and social activity participation. These findings suggest that older adults who report higher SCI engage in fewer activities. Examining these relationships longitudinally is an important next step to determine whether SCI precedes withdrawing from activities in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Wion
- Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, 201 Nursing Science Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Nikki L Hill
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, 201 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Nicole DePasquale
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- The Pennsylvania State University, Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, 320D Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Emily B Whitaker
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, 201 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802
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21
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Bonnechère B, Van Vooren M, Bier JC, De Breucker S, Van Hove O, Van Sint Jan S, Feipel V, Jansen B. The Use of Mobile Games to Assess Cognitive Function of Elderly with and without Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 64:1285-1293. [PMID: 29991133 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past few years numerous mobile games have been developed to train the brain. There is a lack of information about the relation between the scores obtained in these games and the cognitive abilities of the patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether or not mobile games can be used to assess cognitive abilities of elderly. METHODS Twenty healthy young adults, 29 old patients with cognitive impairments (Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) [20- 24]) and 27-aged controls participated in this study. Scores obtained in 7 mobile games were correlated with MMSE and the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Evaluation revised (ACE-R). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found for all games between patients with cognitive impairments and the aged controls. Correlations between the average scores of the games and the MMSE and ACE-R are significant (R = 0.72 [p < 0.001] and R = 0.81 [p < 0.001], respectively). CONCLUSION Scores of cognitive mobile games could be used as an alternative to MMSE and ACE-R to evaluate cognitive function of aged people with and without cognitive impairment at least when MMSE is higher than 20/30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonnechère
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Electronics and Informatics - ETRO, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mélissa Van Vooren
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Geriatric, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Olivier Van Hove
- Department of Chest and Thoracic Surgery, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Sint Jan
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis (LABO), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Feipel
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Jansen
- Department of Electronics and Informatics - ETRO, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,imec, Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Subjective cognitive decline: preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Sci 2018; 40:41-49. [PMID: 30397816 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), characterized by a very early and subtle cognitive decline prior to the appearance of objective cognitive impairment, is considered to be the preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the lack of significant abnormalities in standardized neuropsychological assessments for individuals with SCD, biochemical and neuroimaging biomarkers may be important indicators of the preclinical stage of AD. The application of various biomarkers derived from the cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging thus has the potential to make AD-related pathology detectable in vivo. In this review, we discuss the conceptual evolution of SCD as an entity and further elucidate characteristic cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers of SCD.
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23
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Hao L, Wang X, Zhang L, Xing Y, Guo Q, Hu X, Mu B, Chen Y, Chen G, Cao J, Zhi X, Liu J, Li X, Yang L, Li J, Du W, Sun Y, Wang T, Liu Z, Liu Z, Zhao X, Li H, Yu Y, Wang X, Jia J, Han Y. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Complaints Screening Tool Exploration of Subjective Cognitive Decline in a Large Cohort of the Chinese Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:371-388. [PMID: 28869471 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial studies have reported the prevalence and the affecting factors of subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The complaints screening scale has also been used for probing. However, little is known in China. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of SCD, and explore an SCD complaints screening scale in China. METHODS Stratified cluster random sampling was conducted. 2,689 residents aged 60-80 years completed questionnaire 1. 814 residents were included for clinical and neuropsychological evaluations. Two standards were used to make the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and SCD, and a preliminary screening rate comparison was carried out. Finally, we assessed the risk factors of SCD and the correlation between the SCD-questionnaire 9 (SCD-Q9) and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Long Delay Free Recall (AVLT-LR). RESULTS 1) Standard 1 (ADNI2): the prevalence of SCD was 18.8% (95% CI = 14.7-22.9%) and zero conformed to six criteria (SCD plus). 2) Standard 2 (Jak/Bondi): the prevalence of SCD was 14.4% (95% CI = 10.7-18.1%). 3) Standard 1 had a relatively higher "false" positive rate, whereas Standard 2 had higher "false" negative rate. 4) Age, low education, fewer close friends, and daily drinking were independent risk factors for SCD progressing to MCI. 5) Total points of SCD-Q9 were negatively correlated to the value of AVLT-LR. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of SCD is high in the ShunYi District in Beijing, China. Age, low education, less social support, and daily drinking are independent risk factors. The brief SCD-Q9 can be used as a reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Hao
- Department of General Practice, School of General Practice and Continuing Education of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Wang
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochen Hu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bin Mu
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yili Chen
- Department of Neurology, Dali People's Hospital, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanqun Chen
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Hong Xinglong Center Hospital, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhi
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Gansu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Department of Radiology, Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanyu Li
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Du
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of General Practice, School of General Practice and Continuing Education of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of General Practice, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexue Zhao
- Department of General Practice, School of General Practice and Continuing Education of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Neurology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Library, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Jia
- Department of General Surgery, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China.,PKU Care Rehabilitation Hospital, Beijing, China
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24
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Keegan AP, Paris D, Luis CA, Abdullah L, Ait-Ghezala G, Beaulieu-Abdelahad D, Pryor M, Chaykin J, Crynen G, Crawford F, Mullan M. Plasma cytokine IL-6 levels and subjective cognitive decline: preliminary findings. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018. [PMID: 28639714 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) prior to clinical inception will be paramount for introducing disease modifying treatments. We have begun collecting baseline characteristics of a community cohort for longitudinal assessment and testing of antecedent blood-based biomarkers. We describe the baseline visit from the first 131 subjects in relationship to a commonly described cytokine, interleukin 6 (IL-6). METHODS Subjects from the community presented for a free memory screening with varying degrees of memory concern. We quantified the baseline plasma levels of the cytokine IL-6 and assessed cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) and mood (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS) in relationship to their memory concern. RESULTS Baseline MoCA scores were inversely related to age, and this association was influenced by an AD risk factor, Apolipoprotein E (APOE4) carrier status. The degree of subjective cognitive decline correlated with GDS and was inversely related to MoCA scores. Interleukin 6 levels were related to age, body mass index, and years of education. CONCLUSIONS It will be important to assess how these baseline IL-6 levels and forthcoming novel biomarkers relate to future cognitive decline. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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25
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Cheng YW, Chen TF, Chiu MJ. From mild cognitive impairment to subjective cognitive decline: conceptual and methodological evolution. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:491-498. [PMID: 28243102 PMCID: PMC5317337 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s123428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of subjects at the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is fundamental for drug development and possible intervention or prevention of cognitive decline. The concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) evolved during the past two decades to define subjects at the transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. Evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies has shown that MCI is associated with an increased risk of positive AD biomarkers and an increased annual conversion rate of 5%-17% to AD. The presence of AD biomarkers in subjects with MCI was associated with an even higher risk of progression to dementia. However, earlier clinical trials for pharmacotherapy in subjects with MCI were disappointing. To extend the spectrum of AD to an earlier stage before MCI, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was introduced and was defined as self-reported cognitive decline before the deficits could be detected by cognitive tests. Subjects with SCD have an increased risk of underlying AD pathology. However, SCD can also develop secondary to other heterogeneous etiologies, including other neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, personality traits, physical conditions, and medication use. Several clinical and biomarker features were proposed to predict risk of conversion to AD in subjects with SCD. Further longitudinal studies are needed to support the validity of these high-risk features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Studart A, Nitrini R. Subjective cognitive decline: The first clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease? Dement Neuropsychol 2016; 10:170-177. [PMID: 29213452 PMCID: PMC5642412 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-5764-2016dn1003002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mild cognitive impairment is considered as the first clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), when the individual exhibits below performance on standardized neuropsychological tests. However, some subjects before having a lower performance on cognitive assessments already have a subjective memory complaint. Objective A review about subjective cognitive decline, the association with AD biomarkers and risk of conversion to dementia. Methods We performed a comprehensive non-systematic review on PubMed. The keywords used in the search were terms related to subjective cognitive decline. Results Subjective cognitive decline is characterized by self-experience of deterioration in cognitive performance not detected objectively through formal neuropsychological testing. However, various terms and definitions have been used in the literature and the lack of a widely accepted concept hampers comparison of studies. Epidemiological data have shown that individuals with subjective cognitive decline are at increased risk of progression to AD dementia. In addition, there is evidence that this group has a higher prevalence of positive biomarkers for amyloidosis and neurodegeneration. However, Alzheimer's disease is not the only cause of subjective cognitive decline and various other conditions can be associated with subjective memory complaints, such as psychiatric disorders or normal aging. The features suggestive of a neurodegenerative disorder are: onset of decline within the last five years, age at onset above 60 years, associated concerns about decline and confirmation by an informant. Conclusion These findings support the idea that subjective cognitive complaints may be an early clinical marker that precedes mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Studart
- Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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