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Xiao R, Dong L, Xie B, Liu B. A Mendelian randomization study: physical activities and chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2295011. [PMID: 38178379 PMCID: PMC10773648 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2295011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that physical activity is related to a lower risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), thus indicating a potential target for prevention. However, the causality is not clear; specifically, physical activity may protect against CKD, and CKD may lead to a reduction in physical activity. Our study examined the potential bidirectional relationship between physical activity and CKD by using a genetically informed method. Genome-wide association studies from the UK Biobank baseline data were used for physical activity phenotypes and included 460,376 participants. For kidney function (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and CKD, with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), CKDGen Consortium data were used, which included 480,698 CKD participants of European ancestry. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to determine the causal relationship between physical activities and kidney function. Two-sample MR genetically predicted that heavy DIY (do it yourself) (e.g., weeding, lawn mowing, carpentry, and digging) decreased the risk of CKD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.287, 95% CI = 0.117-0.705, p = 0.0065) and improved the level of eGFR (β = 0.036, 95% CI = 0.005-0.067, p = 0.021). The bidirectional MR showed no reverse causality. It is worth noting that other physical activities, such as walking for pleasure, strenuous sports, light DIY (e.g., pruning and watering the lawn), and other exercises (e.g., swimming, cycling, keeping fit, and bowling), were not significantly correlated with CKD and eGFR. This study used genetic data to provide reliable and robust causal evidence that heavy physical activity (e.g., weeding, lawn mowing, carpentry, and digging) can protect kidney function and further lower the risk of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Department of General Practice, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of General Practice, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wang W, Zhou H, Qi S, Yang H, Hong X. The association between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28845. [PMID: 38596005 PMCID: PMC11002288 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors in adults from Nanjing, China. Methods The cross-sectional survey conducted in 2017 involved a sample of 60 283 individuals aged ≥18 years in Nanjing municipality, China. The sampling method used was multistage stratified cluster sampling. The primary outcomes from multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjusted potential confounders were the relationships between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk variables. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S) were used to assess an additive interaction between dietary habits and physical activities. Results After adjusting potential confounders, cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with the association of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet, with the highest odds ratios (ORs) for low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HLDL-c) (1.64, 95% CI [1.47, 1.84]) and hypertension (1.55, 95% CI [1.46, 1.64]). Additive interactions between physical inactivity and unhealthy diet were found in on cardiovascular risk factors of higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HLDL-c) (S, 2.57; 95% CI [1.27, 5.21]), type 2 diabetes (T2D) (S, 1.96; 95% CI [1.23, 3.13]), dyslipidemia (S, 1.69; 95% CI [1.08, 2.66]) and hypertension (S, 1.46; 95% CI [1.12, 1.89]). Their RERI was 0.39 (95% CI [0.18, 0.60]), 0.22 (95% CI [0.09, 0.35]), 0.11 (95% CI [0.03, 0.19]) and 0.17 (95% CI [0.06, 0.28]), respectively. OR of being HLDL-c, T2D, hypertension and dyslipidemia in participants of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet was 24%, 15%, 11% and 8.3%, respectively. Multiplicative interaction was detected in obesity, hypertension, T2D and HLDL-c. Conclusion An unhealthy diet and physical inactivity were strongly linked to cardiovascular risk factors. This study also showed that an unhealthy diet and physical inactivity combined to produce an additive effect on T2D, hypertension, HLDL-c, and dyslipidemia, suggesting a higher risk than the total of these factors, especially HLDL-c. Preventive strategies aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risks such as hypertension, T2D, HLDL-c, and dyslipidemia are necessary for targeting physical inactivity and unhealthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hairong Zhou
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengxiang Qi
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huafeng Yang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Alharbi MF, Al-Hagoori SA, Alotaibi H. Parental Perceptions of Physical Activity and Risk of Disease Associated with Sedentary Behaviours in Infants and Toddlers. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:641-648. [PMID: 37936024 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study intends to measure parents' perceptions of newborn and toddler physical activity. METHODS A Cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric clinic at a University Hospital in Riyadh. The parents or guardians of children 0 to 3 years of age, healthy infants, and toddlers who visited the vaccination and pediatric clinic at a University Hospital in Riyadh, were recruited. The Parental Perceptions of Physical Activity Scale (PPPAS) was translated into the Arabic language. The Chi-square test was applied to observe the association between categorical variables. P value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 383 parents were recruited. There was a significant association observed between physical activity and income, employment, and education. A significant association was observed between the following perceptions; the child enjoys physical activity, it increases the child's fitness level, the strength of the muscles, flexibility, and life span, improves happiness, keeps the child active, and provides a sense of achievement, and decrease future weight problems. CONCLUSION FOR PRACTICE The study determined that parental inclination towards engaging in a physical activity intervention for their infants, as well as identifying any concerns that may impact their children's adherence to physical activity was satisfied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal F Alharbi
- Maternal & Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Haifa Alotaibi
- PMBAH-National Guard Health Affairs, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Zheng X, Leng J, Ma H, Hu P. Physical "lying flat": The negative effect of personal relative deprivation on health-promoting lifestyles. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:414-419. [PMID: 38190854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social comparison is an inevitable aspect of human life, often leading to personal relative deprivation, wherein individuals experience a sense of unfair treatment when they perceive themselves as being at a disadvantage in comparison to others. Earlier research has observed a phenomenon called "lying flat" associated with personal relative deprivation, characterized by a lack of motivation for self-improvement. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether this pattern is suitable for the domains of health-promoting lifestyles given that health-promoting is driven by self-improvement motivation. METHODS In three studies conducted in China, an understudied non-Western society, we investigated the association between personal relative deprivation and health-promoting lifestyles by utilizing diverse measures and samples. RESULTS Findings from Study 1 (N = 12,465) indicated a negative relationship between personal relative deprivation and health-promoting behavior. This effect was particularly prominent among older individuals (Study 2, N = 11,378). Study 3 (N = 234) indirectly explored the possibility that a decreased priority given to health goals explains the reduced adoption of health-promoting behaviors when experiencing personal relative deprivation. LIMITATIONS First, all health-promoting lifestyles are self-reported. Second, the mechanism between PRD and health-promoting lifestyles was not directly examined. CONCLUSION Overall, this research confirms the physical "lying flat" phenomenon, highlighting that personal relative deprivation contributes to unhealthy diets and physical inactivity. Moreover, our findings also suggest that the lower significance placed on health goals relative to other life goals may serve as an underlying reason for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, China.
| | - Jie Leng
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, China.
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, China.
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Huissoud M, Boussac M, Joineau K, Harroch E, Brefel-Courbon C, Descamps E. The effectiveness and safety of non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023:S0035-3787(23)01041-X. [PMID: 37833205 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a non-motor symptom affecting from 60 to 80% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). PD patients can suffer from different types of pain, either specific or not specific of the disease, and depending on various pathophysiological mechanisms (nociceptive, nociplastic or neuropathic), which can be present at any stage of the disease. Non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) are essential to complement routine care interventions in PD pain management. Moreover, in the literature, it has been shown that 42% of PD patients are already using complementary therapies. Hence, our aim was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of NPIs for pain management in PD. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Eighteen published randomized control trials (RCTs) were included between 2004 and 2021 leading to a total of 976 PD patients. From them, we reported fifteen different NPIs classified in seven categories: physical exercises, balneotherapy, manual therapy, acupuncture, botanical preparation, body-psychological practice and multiprotection care. Our results have shown that NPIs for PD pain management had a low-to-moderate level of evidence showing mainly favourable results, even if some NPIs presented inconclusive results. Moreover, our review highlighted the clinical relevance of some specific NPIs in PD pain management: NPIs consisting of active physical activities, opposed to passive activities. The safety of NPIs was also confirmed since only few minor transient adverse events were reported. Nevertheless, even if some interesting results were found, the methodology of future studies needs to be more robust and to include comprehensive descriptions in order to offer reliable and sound recommendations to clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huissoud
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, Inserm UMR1214, University Paul-Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - M Boussac
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, Inserm UMR1214, University Paul-Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.
| | - K Joineau
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, Inserm UMR1214, University Paul-Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - E Harroch
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC1436), NS-Park/FCRIN Network, Toulouse, France
| | - C Brefel-Courbon
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, Inserm UMR1214, University Paul-Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neurosciences, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC1436), NS-Park/FCRIN Network, Toulouse, France
| | - E Descamps
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), University of Toulouse, Inserm UMR1214, University Paul-Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France; CNRS, Toulouse, France
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Xu R. The impact of technology on promoting physical activities and mental health: a gender-based study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:298. [PMID: 37775753 PMCID: PMC10542252 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a significant public health concern globally, associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases and detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Technologically based interventions have emerged as a potential solution to promote physical activity engagement and improve mental health outcomes. However, understanding the effectiveness of these interventions and the role of gender in their outcomes is essential for developing tailored strategies. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the effectiveness of technologically based interventions in promoting physical activity and improving mental health outcomes, with a specific focus on gender differences. METHODOLOGY This study employed a three-phase mixed methods research design. Phase one was an experimental phase where 300 participants were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received a technologically based physical activity intervention, while the control group did not. Physical activity levels and mental health outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention. Phase two involved qualitative interviews with a subset of participants (n = 20) from the intervention group. These interviews explored motivations and barriers to physical activity, aiming to uncover personal factors influencing engagement. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes. Phase three utilized a quantitative survey to compare motivations and barriers between males and females. The survey, administered to a larger sample, included participants from both intervention and control groups. It assessed various factors and allowed for a quantitative comparison of gender differences. FINDINGS findings indicated that the intervention improved the mental health and physical activities level of the intervention groups. Findings also there are 8 motivations for and barriers to using technology in physical activities. Male and females' scores on some of the motivations and barriers were statistically significant. CONCLUSION technology plays an important role in improving the mental health and physical activities of adults. Findings can be used by health care centers, digital psychologists, and physical trainers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hongxue Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450044, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruilin Xu
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Hosokawa R, Fujimoto M, Katsura T. Parental support for physical activity and children's physical activities: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:90. [PMID: 37491297 PMCID: PMC10367251 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) in school-aged children is imperative for physical and mental development. However, there has been reduced PA among children in recent years owing to environmental changes, resulting in declining physical strength and athletic ability. Although parents' and children's PA has been found to be correlated, the specific parental caregiving attitudes associated with children's actual levels of PA during school-age years remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between parental support for PA and children's levels of PA. METHODS In 2017, a self-reported questionnaire survey was administered to 1,515 third-grade students (8-9 years old) and their caregivers in Nagoya, Aichi, a major metropolitan area in Japan. The main items surveyed included the attitudes of children and parents towards PA and the children's actual PA level. Multiple regression analysis was conducted with parental involvement related to PA as the explanatory variable and children's PA as the objective variable. RESULTS In total, 717 children with valid responses were included in the analysis. The mean age of the children was 9.08 ± 0.33 years; 366 (51.0%) were boys, and 351 (49.0%) were girls. For moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous PA, PA levels tended to be significantly higher in children whose parents provided logistic support such as enrolling their children in a sports club. However, for moderate PA and walking, PA levels tended to be significantly higher in children whose parents used community resources. Modeling and limiting sedentary activities were not associated with children's PA. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that direct parental assistance for PA such as logistic support encourages children to engage in moderate-to-vigorous PA; in addition, parental use of community resources may encourage children to engage in moderate and light PA such as walking. Conversely, indirect and negative involvement such as modeling and limiting sedentary activities were not associated with children's PA. Therefore, logistic support may need to be strengthened to encourage moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous PA, which is important for children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuya Hosokawa
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogo-in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Megumi Fujimoto
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogo-in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Osaka Seikei University, Osaka, 533-0007, Japan
| | - Toshiki Katsura
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogo-in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Faculty of Nursing, Meiji University of Integrative Medicine, Kyoto, 629-0392, Japan
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Wion RK, Fazeli PL, Vance DE. The Association Between Leisure Activity Engagement and Health-Related Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older People With HIV. Gerontologist 2022; 62:1018-1028. [PMID: 34792135 PMCID: PMC9372889 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Middle-aged and older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk for decreased health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which may be improved by engaging in leisure activities. We examined associations between HRQoL and participation in cognitive, physical, social, and passive leisure activities, and whether depressive symptoms mediated these relationships. Wilson and Cleary's conceptual model of HRQoL guided this study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this cross-sectional observational study, we enrolled 174 adults living with HIV aged 40 and older (M = 51.3, SD = 7.03). Participants completed assessments of leisure activities, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL. Data were analyzed using Spearman's rho correlations, hierarchal multiple regression, and mediation analyses. RESULTS Greater engagement in physical activities was associated with higher physical HRQoL (b = 2.02, p < .05). Greater engagement in social activities was associated with both higher physical (b = 1.44, p < .05) and mental HRQoL (b = 1.95, p < .01). However, all associations between leisure activities and HRQoL were fully attenuated by depressive symptoms. Cognitive and passive leisure activities were not significantly correlated with HRQoL. Mediation analyses confirmed that depressive symptoms were the mediator mechanism by which social activities affected mental and physical HRQoL. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS More frequent engagement in physical and social leisure activities is associated with better HRQoL, and social leisure activities improve HRQoL via their impact on mood. Interventions to increase leisure activities, especially among people living with HIV who have poorer affective functioning, may be the most effective approach to improving HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Wion
- School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Pariya L Fazeli
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David E Vance
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Islam MA, Nahar MT, Ibn Anik SMF, Barna SD, Hossain MT. Changes in dietary patterns among Bangladeshi adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10349. [PMID: 35996421 PMCID: PMC9385578 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The home confinement induced by the COVID-19 pandemic affects individuals’ mental wellbeing and increases unhealthy behaviors, such as minimum to no physical activity, overeating, and substance use. Objective This study aimed to assess the changes in dietary patterns among the Bangladeshi adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify their determinants. Methods This web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out from 10–17 December 2020 using an e-questionnaire based on Google Forms. A semi-structured e-questionnaire was forwarded to the participants – Bangladesh citizens aged above 18 years – through social media platforms and email in order to collect information about socio-demographic issues and multidimensional dietary patterns. From the initial 817 responses gathered through snowball sampling, 748 responses were retained. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were executed. Results The findings suggest that 50% of the participants reported a reduction in weight and physical activities, while approximately 52% experienced increased sleep time. One in three participants (31.4%) experienced a decrease in food buying capacity. The findings further indicate that women were 1.65 times more likely to reduce food consumption than men. Meanwhile, employed people were about 34% less likely to increase food consumption than their unemployed counterparts. People who were getting more than 6 h of sleep per day were nearly 61% less likely to increase food consumption than people who slept for less than 6 h per day. People struggling to buy food items were 2.31 times more likely to reduce food intake than people with no such limitations. Conclusions The study shows that COVID-19 has substantially affected Bangladeshi people’s common food consumption patterns. Being confined within the household, primarily due to countrywide lockdowns and ‘general holidays’, has affected both the dietary patterns and the financial wellbeing of people. Therefore, the concerned authorities should promote effective nutrition education and healthy dietary behaviors; meanwhile, financial support or incentives for people in need are also strongly advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Akhtarul Islam
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mst. Tanmin Nahar
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Farhad Ibn Anik
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sutapa Dey Barna
- Department of Business Administration, International Standard University, 69 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tanvir Hossain
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
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Beserra V, Nussbaum M, Navarrete M, Garrido N. Online physically active academic lessons in COVID-19 times: A pilot study. Teach Teach Educ 2022; 116:103750. [PMID: 35498547 PMCID: PMC9042788 DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2022.103750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Schools play an important role in promoting physical activity among students. This paper studies the perception of educators, students, and parents about the use of online physically active academic lessons during COVID-19 in the north of Chile. Starting the first week of November 2020, and for a period of five weeks, 323 students, alongside 11 educators, practiced a geometry-based dance routine online. The qualitative analysis results reveal a positive perception of the experience and an increase in physical activity without reducing the amount of time spent on academic activities. There were also improvements in learning, social relationships, and enjoyment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner Beserra
- Universidad de Tarapacá, Escuela de Diseño e Innovación Tecnológica, 18 de Septiembre 2222, Arica y Parinacota, Chile
| | - Miguel Nussbaum
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Departamento Ciencia de la Computación, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Navarrete
- Universidad de Tarapacá, Escuela de Administración y Negocios, 18 de Septiembre 2222, Arica y Parinacota, Chile
| | - Norman Garrido
- Universidad de Tarapacá, Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Av. Luis Emilio Recabarren 2477, Tarapacá, Chile
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Abstract
Ongoing increases in childhood obesity have become a serious public health concern. Meanwhile, caregiving by grandparents becomes a worldwide social phenomenon. This study estimates the effect of grandparental care on childhood obesity and explores its pathways. Utilizing five waves of panel data from the China Family Panel Studies, we found that grandparental care significantly increases the probability of childhood obesity, adding 3.6 percentage points. The effect is heterogeneous between boys and girls and between grandparents with different education attainments. The channels through which grandparents contribute to childhood obesity include inappropriate dietary patterns and insufficient physical activities. Additionally, we found that grandparents' famine experience generates a long-term fear of hunger, which translates into overfeeding their grandchildren, thus aggravating childhood obesity in China. We estimate the longitudinal causal relationship of grandparental care on childhood obesity. Our multiple robustness checks support the positive effect of grandparental care on childhood obesity. Grandparents' famine experience generates a long-term fear of hunger, which aggravates childhood obesity in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- China Academy of Public Finance and Public Policy, Central University of Finance and Economics, 39 South College Road, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianmei Zhao
- China Academy of Public Finance and Public Policy, Central University of Finance and Economics, 39 South College Road, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hai Zhong
- China Academy of Public Finance and Public Policy, Central University of Finance and Economics, 39 South College Road, Beijing, 100081, China
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Touray MM, Cohen DR, Williams SRP, Alam MF, Groves S, Longo M, Gage H. Overweight/Obesity and Time Preference: Evidence from a Survey among Adults in the UK. Obes Facts 2022; 15:428-441. [PMID: 35203081 PMCID: PMC9210003 DOI: 10.1159/000522651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overweight and obesity is a global problem incurring substantial health and economic implications. This has also been highlighted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic which has disproportionately affected overweight and obese individuals. Most of the interventions have concentrated on promotion of physical activities and healthy eating which may involve current sacrifices for future health gains. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between bodyweight and how individuals state they would trade-off immediate income for higher amounts in the future (time preference). METHODS An online survey was conducted targeting adults aged >16 years in the UK (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) from January 1, 2016 to July 31, 2016. Using paid online adverts, as well as personal and professional networks for distribution of links to the online survey, the questionnaire asked respondents to report socio-economic and demographic information, height, and weight and to complete a time preference exercise. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics; associations were explored between BMI and respondents' characteristics and time preference using Spearman rank-order correlation and χ2 tests as appropriate. We adopted STROBE guidelines for the reporting of the study. RESULTS A total of 561 responses were analysed (female = 293, males = 268). The relationship between time preference and overweight/obesity, using BMI as the measure is highly significant (χ2 = 95.92: p < 0.001). Individuals of normal weight have low time preferences and are more likely to invest in activities in a bid to reap future health benefits. There are also significant relationships between BMI and employment status (χ2 = 37.03; p < 0.001), physical activities (p < 0.0001), income levels (χ2 = 6.68; p < 0.035), family orientation, i.e., with or without children (χ2 = 12.88; p < 0.012), and ethnicity (χ2 = 18.31; p < 0.001). These imply that individuals in employment and with children in their families are less likely to be overweight or obese compared to those who do not. People from black backgrounds are also more likely to be overweight or obese and have higher time preferences compared to people from white backgrounds. DISCUSSIONS/CONCLUSIONS People's preventive behaviours today can be predicted by their time preference and this understanding could be vital in improving population's uptake and maintenance of overweight and obesity prevention actions. People who have low time preference are more likely to invest time and resources in physical activities and healthy lifestyles to reap future health benefits hence value utilities-in-anticipation. Public health programmes should therefore use the knowledge of the association between time preference and overweight/obesity to inform designs of intervention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morro M.L. Touray
- Surrey Health Economics Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- School of Care Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, United Kingdom
- *Morro M.L. Touray,
| | - David R. Cohen
- School of Care Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Robert Pask Williams
- Institute of Management & Health, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Carmarthen, United Kingdom
- Weight Management Service, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Saint Cadoc's Hospital, Caerleon, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Fasihul Alam
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sam Groves
- Swansea Centre for Health Economics, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Mirella Longo
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Gage
- Surrey Health Economics Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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13
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Xue H, Zhang X, Li D, Chen M, Luo J, Gong Y, Lv X, Quan L, He F, Zhang L, Cheng G. Relevance of Physical Activities, Sedentary Behaviors, and Genetic Predisposition in Body Fatness: Population-Based Study on Chinese Adults. Obes Facts 2021; 14:346-356. [PMID: 34247171 PMCID: PMC8406243 DOI: 10.1159/000515380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little attention has been paid to the interacting effect of specific intensities of physical activities (PAs) and sedentary lifestyle, like television watching, and genetic predisposition on body composition indices among Chinese adults. Herein, we aimed to examine whether specific types of PAs and sedentary behaviors (SBs) were associated with body composition indices among Chinese adults and to further explore whether these associations interacted with the genetic predisposition to high BMI. METHODS Cross-sectional data regarding PAs and time spent on SBs and dietary intake of 3,976 Chinese adults (54.9% women) aged 25-65 years in Southwest China were obtained via questionnaires in 2013-2015. Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and BMI, percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) of the participants were calculated. Genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated on 9 established BMI-associated SNPs among Chinese adults. RESULTS When the participants were stratified by GRS for BMI, significant associations were only found for adults with high GRS for BMI: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was negatively associated with WC and %BF and positively related to FFMI. The adjusted positive relationship of time spent watching television with BMI, WC, %BF, and FMI were also just found between adults with high weighted GRS for high BMI: for every 1 h increment in television watching, the BMI, WC, %BF, and FMI of the participants increased by 0.2 kg/m2, 0.9 cm, 0.3%, and 0.1 kg/m2, respectively (p < 0.02). CONCLUSION MVPA may be a protective factor against obesity, and prolonged television watching may accentuate adiposity. These putative effects may be more pronounced among individuals with a high genetic risk of a high BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xue
- College of Public Health, Hebei University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei University, Baoding, China
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence to: Hongmei Xue,
| | - Xiao Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danting Li
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengxue Chen
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhui Gong
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Lv
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liming Quan
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang He
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lishi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Ren H, He X, Bian X, Shang X, Liu J. The Protective Roles of Exercise and Maintenance of Daily Living Routines for Chinese Adolescents During the COVID-19 Quarantine Period. J Adolesc Health 2021; 68:35-42. [PMID: 33121902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents are particularly vulnerable during the COVID-19 quarantine periods and may be at risk for developing psychological distress symptoms that extend beyond a crisis, including depression. This study examined adolescents' postquarantine depressive symptoms associated with pandemic stressors. The primary aim was to identify potential protective factors that may buffer the association between the presence of COVID-19 cases in adolescents' communities and their postquarantine depressive symptoms. METHODS Adolescents from public schools were recruited from Zhengzhou city, Henan, China (N = 1,487, Mage=13.14 years, 50% girls). Adolescents reported the presence of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases in their communities, their daily activities and routines during the 2-month quarantine period, and depressive symptoms after the quarantine period. RESULTS The presence of cases in adolescents' communities during the quarantine contributed to more depressive symptoms in adolescents after the quarantine. This association was buffered by adolescents' spending more time on physical activities and better maintenance of daily living routines during the quarantine period. The presence of community infection was also more strongly associated with depressive symptoms in older adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The presence of COVID-19 cases in communities contributed to adolescents' poorer mental health, and the association was stronger for older adolescents. Spending time on physical activities and maintaining daily living routines during the quarantine appear to be practical strategies that can be used by adolescents to mitigate the association between pandemic stressors and their diminishing mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiguang Ren
- Department oof Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland; School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing He
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Bian
- School of Educational Science, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinhua Shang
- Zhengzhou Education Bureau, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junsheng Liu
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Nyalile KB, Mushi EHP, Moshi E, Leyaro BJ, Msuya SE, Mbwambo O. Prevalence and factors associated with erectile dysfunction among adult men in Moshi municipal, Tanzania: community-based study. Basic Clin Androl 2020; 30:20. [PMID: 33292186 PMCID: PMC7709403 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-020-00118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erectile dysfunction (ED) has a negative impact on ones’ relationships with poor quality of life as inevitable result. The effects of ED maybe worse in developing countries setting like Tanzania because men’s sexual health has been forgotten. Men’s sexual and reproductive health needs are not in the national reproductive health strategic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with erectile dysfunction among adult men in Moshi municipality, northern Tanzania. Results The mean age of the 381 men was 39.6 (SD ±16.8) years. The overall prevalence of ED on this study was 29.7%. The severity of ED among study participants was; 13.4% (51), 9.7% (37), 3.7% (14), 2.9% (11) had mild, mild to moderate, moderate and severe erectile dysfunction respectively. Age 40–54 years (Adjusted OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.5–9.9), > 55 years (aOR 11.7, 95% CI 5.8–23.7) and hypertension (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–6.4) were independent predictors of ED respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of ED is high among men in Moshi municipal as 1 out of 3 men have ED. Age and hypertension were independent predictors of ED. These results point to the need of community awareness and education programs to raise awareness among men about existence of ED problem, its consequence and where they can get advice and care in this setting. Further, health providers taking care of hypertensive and men with DM should be equipped with knowledge and skills on early detection for ED and how to counsel and where to refer patients for help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan B Nyalile
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Po Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Emmanuel H P Mushi
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Po Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Epiphania Moshi
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Po Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Beatrice J Leyaro
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Sia E Msuya
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Po Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania.,Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania.,Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Orgeness Mbwambo
- Department of Urology, KCMUCo & Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzania
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16
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Nazeemudeen A, Al-Absi HRH, Refaee MA, Househ M, Shah Z, Alam T. Understanding the Food Habits and Physical Activities of Diabetes Cohort in Qatar. Stud Health Technol Inform 2020; 272:453-456. [PMID: 32604700 DOI: 10.3233/shti200593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyze the food and lifestyle-related factors for a Diabetic cohort from Qatar, where the prevalence of diabetes is among the top in the Middle East region. Statistical analysis shows that the diabetic group is consuming a lower amount of fast foods, soft drinks and meats as a meal but a higher amount of vegetables and fruits compared to the control group. Though the diabetic cohort consumes a lower number of snacks and desserts, they consume a higher amount of sugar for tea. Interestingly, we find the diabetes cohort is spending a lower amount of time in sedentary life but their involvement in different physical activities is lower than the control group. Overall, we conclude that the Qatari diabetic cohort, considered in this study, is following standard guidelines for food and drinks but they may need to improve the physical activity level following physician guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamada R H Al-Absi
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed Refaee
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Mowafa Househ
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Zubair Shah
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Tanvir Alam
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
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17
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Al-Absi HRH, Refaee MA, Nazeemudeen A, Househ M, Shah Z, Alam T. Cardiovascular Diseases in Qatar: Smoking, Food Habits and Physical Activities Perspectives. Stud Health Technol Inform 2020; 272:465-469. [PMID: 32604703 DOI: 10.3233/shti200596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) trigger a high number of deaths across the world. In this study, we investigate the food, drinking, smoking, and lifestyle-related habits for a Qatari CVD cohort to understand the implication of these factors on CVD. Statistical analysis shows that the CVD group is consuming a lower amount of fast foods, soft drinks, snacks, and meats compared to the control group. Alarmingly, the level of smoking is still higher in the CVD group, and the consumption level of healthy items (e.g., cereal, cornflakes) in breakfast is relatively lower compared to the control group. Interestingly, the CVD cohort is spending more time walking and avoiding heavy sports, compared to the control group, but their involvement in moderate physical activities is lower than the control group. Overall, we conclude that the Qatari CVD cohort is following most of the standard guidelines related to food items and heavy sports; however, the cohort should reduce smoking habits, and may modify the moderate level of physical activity based on physician guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada R H Al-Absi
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Mowafa Househ
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zubair Shah
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tanvir Alam
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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18
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de Oliveira Souza G, da Silva SR, Benitez P, de Vasconcellos EL, Fornaciari DM, Domeniconi C, de Hollanda Souza D. Effects of Gender and Body Weight on Children's Peer Choice During Physical Activities. Behav Anal Pract 2020; 13:329-335. [PMID: 32642392 PMCID: PMC7314884 DOI: 10.1007/s40617-019-00350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated possible effects of gender and body weight on children's peer choices during physical activities. Twenty-four school-aged children (12 overweight and 12 non-overweight) were observed during 2 play sessions: the 1st session consisted of 2 tests that required agility (A) and 1 that required strength (S) in an A-S-A design; the 2nd session consisted of 2 strength tests and 1 agility in an S-A-S design. Before each session, 2 participants were asked to choose members for their teams. Results suggest that peer gender is a stronger predictor of children's playmate choices than their body weight. More specifically, children preferred to choose a peer of the same gender who was overweight rather than a peer of the opposite gender who was not overweight. However, when there was a choice between an overweight peer and a non-overweight peer of the same gender, the non-overweight child was favored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Camila Domeniconi
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, SP 13.565-905 Brazil
| | - Débora de Hollanda Souza
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, SP 13.565-905 Brazil
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Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, Vandael H, Probst M, Van Hoof P, Firth J, Van Damme T. Functional exercise capacity in inpatients with alcohol use disorder versus healthy controls: A pilot study. Alcohol 2020; 82:47-52. [PMID: 31398459 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the functional exercise capacity of patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD) with an age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy control group. Thirty patients (22 males, 40.4 ± 10.5 years, illness duration = 9.7 ± 9.3 years) and healthy control subjects (22 males, 40.2 ± 10.7 years) participated. Participants performed a 6-min walk test (6MWT) to assess their functional exercise capacity, were asked about musculoskeletal problems and dyspnea, executed a standing broad jump to assess their muscular strength, and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Patients also filled in the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Our data show that patients with AUD walked a significantly shorter distance on the 6MWT (649.0 ± 72.9 m vs. 724.4 ± 89.0 m, p = 0.001). In patients with AUD, the variance in standing broad jump score explained 43.6% of the variance in the 6MWT score. The current study demonstrates that impaired muscle strength is negatively associated with functional outcomes in patients with AUD. Exercise interventions should be investigated in order to assess whether they can ameliorate muscle strength and daily life functioning of this vulnerable population.
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20
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Šljivo A, Kulo A, Mrdović L, Muhić A, Dujić T, Kusturica J. Patterns of energy drinks consumption in leisure, sports and academic activities among a group of students attending University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ann Ig 2020; 32:141-156. [PMID: 31944209 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2020.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy drinks (EDs) are non-alcoholic beverages that contain caffeine and other ingredients, marketed for their actual or perceived effects as stimulants, energizers and performance enhancers. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate patterns of EDs consumption in leisure, sports, and academic activities over the last year among a group of pregraduate students of the University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study conducted by an online questionnaire-based survey. METHODS An anonymous questionnaire was mainly based on a Consortium Nomisma-Areté questionnaire [background information and consumer profile, general EDs consumption practices and reasons; alcohol mixed with EDs (AmEDs) consumption, EDs consumption in sports, consumption of other caffeinated beverages], and an additional part to evaluate EDs consumption during academic activities. RESULTS Out of 812 respondents from 22 faculties (participation rate of 23%), mean age 21.37 ± 1.98 years, 498 (61.7%) reported EDs consumption over the last year. Three main reasons for EDs consumption were to stay awake (58.2%), to enjoy the taste (46.8%), and to boost energy (38.0%). Energy drinks were mainly consumed less than once a month (70.5%), most frequently during academic activity (50.4%), less frequently mixed with alcohol for relaxation (21.5%), and only rarely in association with sports or other physical activity (10%). Drinking coffee (OR = 2.022; 95% CI 1.416-2.830; p < 0.001) and being a higher year student (OR = 0.723; 95% CI 0.639-0.819; p < 0.001) were independent predictors for EDs consumption; being single and living with parents (OR = 17.138; 95% CI 1.328-221.528; p = 0.030) for consumption of AmEDs; and being a man (OR = 2.251; 95% CI 1.493-3.392; p < 0.001) and living in urban environment (OR = 1.193; 95% CI 1.125-3.251; p = 0.017) for consuming EDs in association with sports or other physical activity. CONCLUSION Based on these preliminary data and taking low participation rate into account, EDs consumption seems not to be alarming among university students in our region. EDs are most frequently consumed during academic activity, less frequently mixed with alcohol for relaxation, and only rarely in association with sports or other physical activity. However, as EDs are increasingly aggressively promoted and easily accessible, the larger study is warranted to provide more reliable and up to date conclusions, and if necessary, to inform measures preventing health risks associated with EDs consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Šljivo
- Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - A Kulo
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - L Mrdović
- Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - A Muhić
- Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - T Dujić
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - J Kusturica
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Wion RK, Hill NL, DePasquale N, Mogle J, Whitaker EB. The Relationship between Subjective Cognitive Impairment and Activity Participation: A Systematic Review. Act Adapt Aging 2019; 44:225-245. [PMID: 33790489 DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2019.1651188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes current evidence to determine how subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) relates to physical, cognitive, and social activity participation in older adults. Nine peer-reviewed articles were reviewed and appraised for evidence quality. Most were cross-sectional and had high methodological quality. Higher levels of SCI were almost universally associated with lower levels of physical and social activity participation. These findings suggest that older adults who report higher SCI engage in fewer activities. Examining these relationships longitudinally is an important next step to determine whether SCI precedes withdrawing from activities in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Wion
- Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, 201 Nursing Science Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Nikki L Hill
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, 201 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Nicole DePasquale
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701
| | - Jacqueline Mogle
- The Pennsylvania State University, Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, 320D Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Emily B Whitaker
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, 201 Nursing Sciences Building, University Park, PA 16802
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Antoun S, Morel H, Souquet PJ, Surmont V, Planchard D, Bonnetain F, Foucher P, Egenod T, Krakowski I, Gaudin H, Debieuvre D. Staging of nutrition disorders in non-small-cell lung cancer patients: utility of skeletal muscle mass assessment. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:782-793. [PMID: 30932365 PMCID: PMC6711412 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An international consensus proposed in 2011 a definition and classification system for cachexia (CAX), mainly based on weight loss, sarcopenia [skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss], inflammation, and anorexia. The aim of this study was to stage CAX in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by using a classification based on the Fearon criteria and supported by quantifiable parameters. METHODS This was a cross-sectional and non-interventional multicentre study. SMM was assessed by analysing L3 computed tomography-scan images. Patients completed the anorexia/CAX subscale of the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy, EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life (QoL) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS Patients were recruited in 56 sites. The analysis population comprised 531 patients, and SMM was assessed in 312 patients. Male patients were 66.5%, with a mean (SD) age of 65.2 (10.0) years, 79.9% were PS 0-1, and the tumour stage was mainly IIIB-IV (87.3%). Overall, 38.7% of patients had CAX, 33.8% pre-CAX, and 0.9% refractory CAX. Molecular tumour profiles were significantly associated with the presence of CAX: 23.9% in EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, or HER2+ patients, 41.4% in K-RAS+, and 43.2% in patients with no molecular abnormality (P = 0.003). The more advanced the CAX stage, the poorer the scores of functional items of the QoL (P < 0.001) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (P < 0.001). Sarcopenia was present in 66.7% of CAX and 68.5% of pre-CAX patients. Overall, 43.8% of pre-CAX patients had only sarcopenia with limited weight loss (≤2%) and no anorexia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show the distribution of CAX in a population of NSCLC patients and an association between molecular abnormality in NSCLC and CAX. The original Fearon classification for CAX stages was supported by the associated functional QoL scores and physical activity levels, resulting in a clinically relevant system for detection of early stages of CAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Antoun
- Emergency Unit, Gustave Roussy, Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Hugues Morel
- Pneumology Department, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orleans, Orleans, France
| | | | - Veerle Surmont
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Planchard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Franck Bonnetain
- Methodology and Quality of Life in Oncology Unit (EA 3181), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Pascal Foucher
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Egenod
- Thoracic and Skin Oncology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Limoges Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Ivan Krakowski
- Interdisciplinary Department of Supportive care in Oncology (DISSPO-CARE), French-Speaking Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (AFSOS), Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Gaudin
- Chugai Pharma France, Tour Franklin - Arche Sud, Paris, France
| | - Didier Debieuvre
- GHRMSA, Pneumology Department, French College of General Hospital Respiratory Physicians (CPHG), Hôpital Emile Muller, Mulhouse, France
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Al-Hariri M. Life style activities and feeling state responses in community sample of diabetic patients in Eastern Providence Saudi Arabia. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:301-305. [PMID: 31890654 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to surveyed life style activity levels within diabetic patients attending the King Fahd teaching hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, and studied their feeling towards performing different physical activity. Methods For this purpose, thirty Diabetic patients were randomly recruited, physically tested and handed a questionnaire to fill in. Results The result showed that the levels of physical activity are low and found an excessive use of cars by patients to go to public services and homes of friends and neighbors. Such unhealthy lifestyle habits encouraged patients to follow unhealthy habits such as disordered working patterns and infrequent social activity. While for those who follow healthy lifestyle pattern have better feeling while doing certain activities. For instance, patients who exercise running or jogging activities have better feeling while they rum. Moreover, patient who have healthier relaxing lifestyle pattern, have better feeling of what they do while they relax. Conclusion The use of exercise physiologists or physiotherapists and psychologists, education system is highly needed to explaining about the health benefits of physical activity. Physical activities should be promoted within the real context of the built environment in the eastern province, KSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Hariri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P O Box 2114-31451, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Tang Y, Qi R, Wu H, Shi W, Xu Y, Li M. Reduction of hemoglobin, not iron, inhibited maturation of red blood cells in male rats exposed to high intensity endurance exercises. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 52:263-269. [PMID: 30732892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The existence of sports anemia, induced by strenuous or long-term exercise and characterized by decreases of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin and iron content, remains to be doubtful. To observe the effects of endurance exercise on RBCs and explain the underlying reason, we designed this study by observing RBCs parameters and iron metabolism in 8-weeks training rats and effects of iron supplement or protein supplement on RBCs. Results showed that erythrocyte counts, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin content decreased while RBC distribution width increased in exercised rats at later stage during 8 weeks training. But the contents of serum iron and ferritin decreased only at 1-week and 2-week and returned to normal at 4-week and 8-week. Same as iron content, apparent iron absorption rate was declined at early stage but restored to normal level at 8-week, as well as serum adrenaline, cortisol and insulin levels. Instead, the contents of total protein and albumin in serum were decreased at later stage during 8-weeks training. Furthermore, we observed that protein supplement ameliorated RBCs parameters in rats exposed to 8 weeks swimming exercise, but iron supplement had no effects on RBCs, though it obviously increased iron content of serum and the liver. Based on these results, we drew a conclusion that transient changes of iron metabolism, which may be induced by stress hormone changes, was not the reason for RBCs decrease in endurance exercises but hemoglobin reduction, induced by defects in protein supplement, impeded development of RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Tang
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ruirui Qi
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wencai Shi
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Institute of International Medical Science and Technology, Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China.
| | - Min Li
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Institute of International Medical Science and Technology, Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China.
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Kosoko-Lasaki O, Ekúndayò OT, Smith J, Ochuba O, Hayashi G, Sanders R, Brown R, Stone JR. Urban Minority Community Safety and its Impact on Physical Activity: The Center for Promoting Health and Health Equity-Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (CPHHE-REACH) Initiative. J Natl Med Assoc 2019; 111:334-344. [PMID: 30711288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Daily physical activity is known to improve personal health and well-being and can often be influenced by one's living environment. A qualitative secondary data analysis of a focus group study, performed by the Creighton University Center for Promoting Health and Health Equity (CPHHE) - Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH), assesses behavioral changes in individuals who participated in newly established physical activities in faith-based organizations, local residential towers, and the local community health center. METHOD Applying thematic analysis within the Health Belief Model framework, the investigators further investigated the relationships between its constructs and levels of physical activity in urban minority neighborhoods. RESULTS Results indicated that residents who perceived their neighborhoods as unsafe had a negative attitude toward physical activity. In contrast, building social relationships and camaraderie that enhanced social cohesion were major themes that increased participants' self-efficacy, resulting in positive changes in health behavior. CONCLUSION Community partnerships had a positive impact on motivating individuals to live healthier lifestyles. An interesting concept was that of community efficacy, which reflects the community's confidence in its ability to generate behavioral changes in individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omofolasade Kosoko-Lasaki
- Creighton University Center for Promoting Health and Health Equity (CPHHE) and Health Sciences-Multicultural and Community Affairs (HS-MACA), Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Grant, School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Olúgbémiga T Ekúndayò
- Department of Allied Health, College of Health Professions, Northern Kentucky University, USA
| | - Jeffrey Smith
- Creighton University College of Arts and Sciences, USA
| | | | | | - Raheem Sanders
- Creighton University Center for Promoting Health and Health Equity (CPHHE), Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Grant, USA
| | - Richard Brown
- Creighton University Center for Promoting Health and Health Equity (CPHHE), Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Grant, School of Medicine, USA
| | - John R Stone
- Creighton University School of Medicine Center for Promoting Health and Health Equity (CPHHE), Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Grant, School of Medicine, USA
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Abstract
The interest about circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentration increased from several years because of its correlation with various conditions like osteoarthritis, cancers, stroke, and sepsis; recently it has become an important marker for overtraining syndrome or performance diagnostics.Several studies have demonstrated that cfDNA increases in vigorous and exhausting exercise but also endurance exercise. Acute effect of exercise on cfDNA concentration seems to be correlated to stress factor, while chronic effect is associated with necrosis and apoptosis.The intensity and duration seem to have effects on the variation of cfDNA concentration that is strongly correlated with other metabolic markers like acid lactate and creatine kinase, recognized as markers of muscle damage. Variation of cfDNA value could be used to predict overtraining syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leydi Natalia Vittori
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Tarozzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Fujika Y, Hamada H, Sekikawa K, Kajiwara T, Yamamoto H, Kamikawa N. Effect of body weight support on predicted locomotive physical activity. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:759-763. [PMID: 29950760 PMCID: PMC6016286 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate the effect of body weight support with an
assistive device on predicted locomotive physical activity measured using triaxial
accelerometers in healthy young subjects. [Subjects and Methods] Sixteen healthy subjects
aged 21.9 ± 1.1 years walked on a treadmill at speeds of 45 and 55 meters/min under 0%,
10%, 20%, and 30% body weight support conditions. Predicted metabolic equivalents and
number of steps were evaluated using triaxial accelerometers. Measured metabolic
equivalents and number of steps were evaluated using a metabolic system and observers,
respectively. Raw data of synthetic accelerations were also obtained. [Results] Predicted
metabolic equivalents and number of steps and raw data of synthetic accelerations
decreased with increasing amounts of body weight support. [Conclusion] These findings
suggest that accelerometers may underestimate locomotive physical activity with increasing
amounts of body weight support using assistive devices. Thus, it is important to consider
the amount of body weight support when assessing physical activities in subjects using
assistive devices for mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Fujika
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hamada
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Sekikawa
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Teruki Kajiwara
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hikaru Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Norimichi Kamikawa
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Ma GX, Lee M, Bhimla A, Tan Y, Gadegbeku CA, Yeh MC, Aczon H. Risk Assessment and Prevention of Hypertension in Filipino Americans. J Community Health 2017; 42:797-805. [PMID: 28161775 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-017-0320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite that Filipino Americans represent an important target group for hypertension, health behaviors associated with hypertension in this population have not been well studied. Two hundred Filipino Americans from eight community-based organizations completed the study. Information was collected to determine whether modifiable behavioral factors, as well as acculturation and demographic characteristics, were associated with hypertension status in Filipino Americans. Approximately 67% of Filipino Americans were hypertensive. Logistic regression analysis showed that adding salt, physical inactivity, and old age were significantly associated with hypertension status after controlling for other covariates. The present study confirmed a high rate of hypertension among Filipino Americans and demonstrates the association of hypertension status with behavioral factors. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to prevent and manage hypertension in this high-risk community by facilitating health behaviors, particularly, salt reduction and physical activity.
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Nishiwaki H, Hasegawa T, Shinji M, Matsuo F, Watanabe T, Makino H, Koiwa F, Hishida A. Practice pattern of physician's directions of exercise restriction in patients with chronic kidney disease: results from the Chronic Kidney Disease Japan Cohort study. Clin Exp Nephrol 2018; 22:1108-1115. [PMID: 29556893 PMCID: PMC6154124 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-018-1562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The practice patterns of exercise restrictions for patients with chronic kidney disease have not been adequately evaluated yet; thus, we examined them using a cross-sectional design and explored the factors related with those restrictions. Methods The Chronic Kidney Disease Japan Cohort study was a multicentre cohort study of Japanese patients (age 20–75 years) living in Japan. We used the information in the questionnaire on the restriction of physical activities offered by physicians to the patients during enrolment. We initially considered and used the following data as the clinical factors that the physician used for decision making on the directions of restriction of physical activities: age, sex, cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), comorbid diseases, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin. The logistic regression model was used to explore the factors and estimate their adjusted odds ratio with regard to physician’s direction of restriction of physical activities. Results Physician’s direction of exercise restrictions was implemented in 9.9% of the participants. In 17 facilities, the proportion of physician’s direction of exercise restriction ranged from 2.9 to 17.8%. The logistic regression analysis showed that the proportion of the factors such as younger age, cardiovascular disease, congestive heart failure and lower eGFR was higher in patients with physician’s direction of exercise restrictions. Conclusions The findings from this study suggested the factors related with prescribing exercise restrictions. Further studies examining which patients with CKD need direction of exercise restrictions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishiwaki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
- Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
- Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
- Office for Promoting Medical Research, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
| | | | | | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety Fukushima Rosai Hospital, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Fumihiko Koiwa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to discuss therapeutic options available for the treatment of memory difficulties in dementia. RECENT FINDINGS Because of the lack of progress in the availability of new medications, there has been an increased interest in focusing on non-pharmacological means to management cognitive symptoms related to dementia. The clinical management of memory loss should focus both on pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Treatment with medications should usually begin with a cholinesterase inhibitor and then followed by addition of memantine if there is a decline. In addition to medication management, emphasis should be placed on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle that encompasses physical activities, cognitive stimulation, and a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Heng Tsai
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Blvd, Weston, FL, 33331, USA.
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Yu N, Zhang Q, Zhang L, He T, Liu Q, Zhang S. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) of anthropometric parameters and physical activities with blood lipids. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:236. [PMID: 29216927 PMCID: PMC5721384 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anthropometric parameters and physical activities are significant factors influencing lipid levels, but few research have demonstrated the effect of amount of activities on lipid levels. Our research analyzed and explored this relationships. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select the investigation subjects in Hubei, China. A questionnaire survey, physical measurements and biochemistry tests (including total cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol) were conducted using CCA analysis. Results The first canonical correlation of the four biochemistry tests and anthropometric parameters with physical activities was 0.44 (P < 0.0001). Grouping by sex and areas, the first canonical correlation were 0.51 (p < 0.0001), 0.43 (p < 0.0001), 0.39 (p < 0.0001) and 0.45 (p < 0.0001). By CCA, blood lipids were negatively correlated with occupation activity, and positively associated with waistline, body mass index (BMI), sleep time, static behavior, and age. Conclusions CCA could be an efficient method to find out the most influential factors on exposure and outcome variables. Blood lipid had significant but moderate association with physical activities and anthropometric parameters. Waistline, BMI and occupation activity function as major influences on lipids. Trial registration Identifying number: 2,013,001. Date of trial registry: 8st Oct 2012. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-017-0630-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Qingjun Zhang
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hubei Province, 2 Zhuodaoquan North Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hubei Province, 2 Zhuodaoquan North Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Tianjing He
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hubei Province, 2 Zhuodaoquan North Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Ballotari P, Ferrari F, Ballini L, Chiarenza A, Manicardi V, Giorgi Rossi P. Lifestyle-tailored interventions for South Asians with type 2 diabetes living in high-income countries: a systematic review. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:785-794. [PMID: 28585044 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-1008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To summarize evidence on the effectiveness of educational interventions for type 2 diabetes control in South Asians living in high-income countries. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cinahl and the Cochrane Library, using Medical Subject Heading and free-text terms. The considered outcomes were: mortality, morbidity, glycaemic control, blood pressure, practice (diet, physical activity and self-care), attitudes/awareness and knowledge. Papers published up to July 2015 were considered. Two reviewers independently screened the title and abstract and then read the full text of selected papers. RESULTS Nine studies were included, four non-randomized studies of interventions and five randomized controlled trials. All studies except one were conducted in the UK. Target population ranged from 39 to 1486 individuals; the follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 months. The interventions were mostly based on a tailored educational package, individually or group administered, conducted by lay link workers, health professionals or both. No study measured mortality or morbidity. An effect on glycaemic control was observed only in before/after studies, while a randomized study showed a non-significant improvement (percentage of glycated haemoglobin -0.15, P = 0.11). Two randomized studies found a reduction in blood pressure. Changes in practice and attitudes showed heterogeneous results, mostly favouring intervention. CONCLUSIONS There was weak evidence that interventions using link workers and tailored education can modify attitudes, self-care skills and blood pressure in South Asian migrants to industrialized countries. Only one larger trial, with adequate follow-up, showed a small non-significant improvement of glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ballotari
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrari
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Luciana Ballini
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Health and Social Regional Agency of Emilia-Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Chiarenza
- Research and Innovation Unit, Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valeria Manicardi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Montecchio, Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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van der Meij E, van der Ploeg HP, van den Heuvel B, Dwars BJ, Meijerink WJHJ, Bonjer HJ, Huirne JAF, Anema JR. Assessing pre- and postoperative activity levels with an accelerometer: a proof of concept study. BMC Surg 2017; 17:56. [PMID: 28494785 PMCID: PMC5427573 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-017-0223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative recovery after abdominal surgery is measured mostly based on subjective or self-reported data. In this article we aim to evaluate whether recovery of daily physical activity levels can be measured postoperatively with the use of an accelerometer. Methods In this multicenter, observational pilot study, 30 patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery (hysterectomy, adnexal surgery, cholecystectomy and hernia inguinal surgery) were included. Patients were instructed to wear an Actigraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer during one week before surgery (baseline) and during the first, third and fifth week after surgery. Wear time, steps taken and physical activity intensity levels (sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous) were measured. Patients were blinded for the accelerometer outcomes. Additionally, an activity diary comprising patients’ self-reported time of being recovered and a list of 18 activities, in which the dates of resumption of these 18 activities were recorded after surgery, was completed by the patient. Results Five patients were excluded from analyses because of technical problems with the accelerometer (n = 1) and protocol non-adherence (n = 4). Light, moderate, vigorous, combined moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), and step counts showed a clear recovery curve after surgery. Patients who underwent minor surgery reached their baseline step count and MVPA three weeks after surgery. Patients who underwent intermediate surgery had not yet reached their baseline step count during the last measuring week (five weeks after surgery). The results of the activity diaries showed a fair agreement with the accelerometer results (Cohens Kappa range: 0.273-0.391). Wearing the accelerometer was well tolerated and not regarded as being burdensome by the patients. Conclusions The accelerometer appeared to be a feasible way to measure recovery of postoperative physical activity levels in this study and was well tolerated by the patients. The agreement with self-reported physical recovery times was fair. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12893-017-0223-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva van der Meij
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorsstraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorsstraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Boudewijn J Dwars
- Department of Surgery, Slotervaartziekenhuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - H Jaap Bonjer
- Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith A F Huirne
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorsstraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes R Anema
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorsstraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Swartz MC, Lewis ZH, Lyons EJ, Jennings K, Middleton A, Deer RR, Arnold D, Dresser K, Ottenbacher KJ, Goodwin JS. Effect of Home- and Community-Based Physical Activity Interventions on Physical Function Among Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98:1652-1665. [PMID: 28427925 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of home- and community-based physical activity interventions on physical functioning among cancer survivors based on the most prevalent physical function measures, randomized trials were reviewed. DATA SOURCES Five electronic databases-Medline Ovid, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO-were searched from inception to March 2016 for relevant articles. STUDY SELECTION Search terms included community-based interventions, physical functioning, and cancer survivors. A reference librarian trained in systematic reviews conducted the final search. DATA EXTRACTION Four reviewers evaluated eligibility and 2 reviewers evaluated methodological quality. Data were abstracted from studies that used the most prevalent physical function measurement tools-Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire, and 6-minute walk test. Random- or fixed-effects models were conducted to obtain overall effect size per physical function measure. DATA SYNTHESIS Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria and were used to compute standardized mean differences using the inverse variance statistical method. The median sample size was 83 participants. Most of the studies (n=7) were conducted among breast cancer survivors. The interventions produced short-term positive effects on physical functioning, with overall effect sizes ranging from small (.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], .07-.27) to medium (.45; 95% CI, .23-.67). Community-based interventions that met in groups and used behavioral change strategies produced the largest effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS Home and community-based physical activity interventions may be a potential tool to combat functional deterioration among aging cancer survivors. More studies are needed among other cancer types using clinically relevant objective functional measures (eg, gait speed) to accelerate translation into the community and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Swartz
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
| | - Zakkoyya H Lewis
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Fitness & Nutrition Results, Beachbody, Santa Monica, CA
| | - Elizabeth J Lyons
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Kristofer Jennings
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Addie Middleton
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Rachel R Deer
- Sealy Center on Aging, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Demi Arnold
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Kaitlin Dresser
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Kenneth J Ottenbacher
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - James S Goodwin
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
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Mandengue SH, Owona Manga LJ, Lobè-Tanga MY, Assomo-Ndemba PB, Nsongan-Bahebege S, Bika-Lélé C, Ngo Sack F, Njamnshi AK, Etoundi-Ngoa SL. [Burnout syndrome among generalist medical doctors of Douala region (Cameroon): Can physical activities be a protective factor?]. Rev Med Brux 2017; 38:10-15. [PMID: 28525196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate and document the importance of Burnout syndrome among generalist medical doctors (GMD) since no investigation have been carried in Cameroon. METHODS Cross-sectional study including 85 GMD using a self-administered questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, socioprofessional conditions, Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) to evaluate burnout, and Ricci-Gagnon physical activities level metrics. RESULTS 77 GMD (90.6 %) reported having never heard about burnout. Mean age was 29 years (range 24-42 years). The MBI-HSS revealed that 36 GMD (42.4 %) were victims of burnout, with 27 (31.8 %) at a low level, 8 (9.4 %) moderate and one (1.2 %) severe. Burnout was associated with distance from home to job place (p ⟨ 0.05), strenuous job (p = 0.04), number of children in charge (p = 0.007), number of hospital attended (p = 0.003), number of hours of labor per day (p = 0.0001), conflicts with the hierarchy (p = 0.01), number of guards per month (p = 0.01). Physical activities practice did not showed significant preventive effect on burnout (p = 0.3) (Odds-ratio = 1.45, IC 95 % 0.6, 3.45). CONCLUSIONS Burnout syndrome is not well known among GMD in Douala, though having a high prevalence. Various socio-demographic and socio-professional factors are associated and contribute to increase the level of affect. Burnout seems to be a vicious somato-psycho-somatic disorder. This study did not found a protective or preventive effect of physical activities on burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Mandengue
- Unité de Physiologie et Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - L J Owona Manga
- Unité de Physiologie et Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Université de Douala, Cameroun
- Département de Santé publique, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences pharmaceutiques, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - M Y Lobè-Tanga
- Unité de Physiologie et Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - P B Assomo-Ndemba
- Unité de Physiologie et Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - S Nsongan-Bahebege
- Unité de Physiologie et Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - C Bika-Lélé
- Unité de Physiologie et Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - F Ngo Sack
- Département des Sciences biologiques, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences pharmaceutiques, Université de Douala, Cameroun
| | - A K Njamnshi
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Central de Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - S L Etoundi-Ngoa
- Département des Sciences biologiques, ENS, Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroun
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Eklund ML, Ruud I, Grov EK. The forest as a classroom: preparing for mental health practice. BMC Nurs 2016; 15:6. [PMID: 26839512 PMCID: PMC4736658 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-016-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Positive effects of physical activity, health promotion and disease prevention, in treatment of mental illnesses are well documented. Mental health practice for nursing students highlights the important connection between physical activities and mental health. This study aims to examine the outcome from nursing students’ participation using The forest as a classroom. Students’ collaboration by problem solving, theoretical discussions and performance of activities in the forest serves as a repertoire of non-medical treatment strategies in mental health. Methods The forest as a classroom was evaluated by means of an ad-hoc questionnaire including both standardized and open-ended questions. Data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results The results indicated enhanced knowledge about physical activity and its impact on mental health. However, the nursing students’ experience challenge preserving theoretical exercises outdoor because sensory stimulation took attention away from learning. Conclusions For nursing students it is essential to build a repertoire of treatment activities to care for patients having mental health problems. This kind of approach is supported by the students’ learning in the forest. The pilot study highlights the importance of multiple methods of learning in nursing education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Lyngås Eklund
- Institute of Nursing Science, University College of Southeast Norway, PB 7035, 3045 Drammen, Norway
| | - Ireen Ruud
- Institute of Nursing Science, University College of Southeast Norway, PB 7035, 3045 Drammen, Norway
| | - Ellen Karine Grov
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo and Akershus University of Applied Sciences, PB 4 St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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Cox DJ, Taylor AG, Singh H, Moncrief M, Diamond A, Yancy WS, Hegde S, McCall AL. Glycemic load, exercise, and monitoring blood glucose (GEM): A paradigm shift in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 111:28-35. [PMID: 26556234 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This preliminary RCT investigated whether an integrated lifestyle modification program that focuses on reducing postprandial blood glucose through replacing high with low glycemic load foods and increasing routine physical activities guided by systematic self-monitoring of blood glucose (GEM) could improve metabolic control of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, without compromising other physiological parameters. METHODS Forty-seven adults (mean age 55.3 years) who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for less than 5 years (mean 2.1 years), had HbA1c ≥ 7% (mean 8.4%) and were not taking blood glucose lowering medications, were randomized to routine care or five 1-h instructional sessions of GEM. Assessments at baseline and 6 months included a physical exam, metabolic and lipid panels, and psychological questionnaires. RESULTS The GEM intervention led to significant improvements in HbA1c (decreasing from 8.4 to 7.4% [69-57 mmol/mol] compared with 8.3 to 8.3% [68-68 mmol/mol] for routine care; Interaction p<.01) and psychological functioning without compromising other physiological parameters. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with a patient-centered approach, GEM appears to be an effective lifestyle modification option for adults recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Cox
- Center for Behavioral Medicine Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800223, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Ann G Taylor
- University of Virginia School of Nursing, PO Box 800782, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Harsimran Singh
- Center for Behavioral Medicine Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800223, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Matthew Moncrief
- Center for Behavioral Medicine Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800223, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Anne Diamond
- Center for Behavioral Medicine Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800223, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - William S Yancy
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 508 Fulton St # 3, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Shefali Hegde
- Center for Behavioral Medicine Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 800223, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Anthony L McCall
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia School of Medicine, PO Box 801407, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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McMaster ME, Lee AJ, Burwell RG. Physical activities of Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): preliminary longitudinal case-control study historical evaluation of possible risk factors. Scoliosis 2015; 10:6. [PMID: 25866554 PMCID: PMC4393567 DOI: 10.1186/s13013-015-0029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To our knowledge there are no publications that have evaluated physical activities in relation to the etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) other than sports scolioses. In a preliminary longitudinal case-control study, mother and child were questioned and the children examined by one observer. The aim of the study was to examine possible risk factors for AIS. Two study groups were assessed for physical activities: 79 children diagnosed as having progressive AIS at one spinal deformity centre (66 girls, 13 boys) and a Control Group of 77 school children (66 girls, 11 boys), the selection involving six criteria. A structured history of physical activities was obtained, every child allocated to a socioeconomic group and examined for toe touching. Unlike the Patients, the Controls were not X-rayed and were examined for surface vertical spinous process asymmetry (VSPA). Statistical analyses showed progressive AIS to be positively associated with social deprivation, early introduction to indoor heated swimming pools and ability to toe touch. AIS is negatively associated with participation in dance, skating, gymnastics or karate and football or hockey classes, which might suggest preventive possibilities. There is a significantly increased independent odds of AIS in children who went to an indoor heated swimming pool within the first year of life (odds ratio 3.88, 95% CI 1.77-8.48; p = 0·001). Furthermore fourteen (61%) Controls with VSPA compared with 9 (17%) Controls without VSPA had been introduced to the swimming pool within their first year of life (P < 0.001). Early exposure to indoor heated swimming pools for both AIS and VSPA, suggests that the AIS findings do not result from sample selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne E McMaster
- />Scottish National Paediatric, Spine Deformity Centre, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, EH9 1LF UK
| | - Amanda Jane Lee
- />Medical Statistics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
| | - R Geoffrey Burwell
- />Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen’s Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, UK
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Meeker J, Amerine J, Kropp D, Chyatte M, Fischbein R. The impact of Chiari malformation on daily activities: A report from the national Conquer Chiari Patient Registry database. Disabil Health J 2015; 8:521-6. [PMID: 25753308 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chiari malformation (CM) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils into the cervical spine. While ample literature on CM exists for clinical and procedural aspects of the disease, few studies have measured the impact CM has on daily activities. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to measure the impact that CM has on daily living activities. METHODS Data was analyzed from 798 CM patients gathered by the national Conquer Chiari Patient Registry database. RESULTS Results indicate CM is associated with negative impact on daily living and physical activities for patients, even those exhibiting mild symptoms. Participants with severe symptoms experience the greatest deficit with regards to daily living such as difficulty walking, driving, housecleaning and food preparation. CONCLUSIONS As 96.1% of CM patients report impact in one or more areas of daily living, CM is classified as a disability according to 42 U.S. CODE § 12101 (Americans with Disabilities Act). The degree of self-reported CM symptom severity is strongly related to the frequency and extent of limitations in both physical and daily activities.
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Heser K, Wagner M, Wiese B, Prokein J, Ernst A, König HH, Brettschneider C, Riedel-Heller SG, Luppa M, Weyerer S, Eifflaender-Gorfer S, Bickel H, Mösch E, Pentzek M, Fuchs A, Maier W, Scherer M, Eisele M. Associations between Dementia Outcomes and Depressive Symptoms, Leisure Activities, and Social Support. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2014; 4:481-93. [PMID: 25685139 PMCID: PMC4296229 DOI: 10.1159/000368189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social relations and depressive symptoms are intertwined. They both predict subsequent dementia, but only few studies on the association between social life aspects and subsequent dementia exist. Methods The risk of subsequent dementia was estimated over 2 follow-up assessments, each 18 months apart, depending on leisure activity, social support (general scale and the 3 factors emotional support, practical support, and social integration), and depressive symptoms, using proportional hazard models in a cohort of elderly patients (n = 2,300, with a mean age of 82.45 years) recruited for the study by their general practitioners. Results Higher depressive symptoms and lower cognitive and physical activity were associated with an increased risk of subsequent all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). While neither social engagement nor the general social support scale was associated with subsequent dementia, a higher level of social integration was associated with a lower dementia risk. In combined models, the results for activity variables remained similar, but the strength of the association between depressive symptoms and the subsequent risk of dementia decreased, and the association with social integration disappeared. Conclusions Depressive symptoms increased and activity variables decreased the risk of subsequent dementia; however, activity variables, namely cognitive and physical activity, partly mediated the effect of depressive symptoms on the subsequent risk of all-cause dementia and AD. In many cases, social support was not associated with a risk of subsequent dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Heser
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany ; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Working Group Medical Statistics and IT Infrastructure, Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jana Prokein
- Working Group Medical Statistics and IT Infrastructure, Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Annette Ernst
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Medical Sociology and Health Economics, University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Christian Brettschneider
- Department of Medical Sociology and Health Economics, University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Luppa
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weyerer
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sandra Eifflaender-Gorfer
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Bickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Edelgard Mösch
- Department of Psychiatry, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Pentzek
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Fuchs
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany ; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Marion Eisele
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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Finlay AK, Oliva EM, Timko C, Moos RH, Cronkite R. Predictors of 30-year mortality in depressed and comparison samples. J Affect Disord 2014; 165:114-9. [PMID: 24882187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although higher rates of depression and lower rates of social behaviors (i.e., social support and activities) and physical activities are associated with mortality, the independent contribution of each of these factors needs examination. METHODS A prospective sample of 848 individuals (55% female) was used; half were clinically depressed at baseline; the other half comprised a comparison sample matched on census tract, gender, and marital status. Depressive symptoms, social behaviors, and physical activities were examined as time-varying predictors of mortality over a 30-year period using multiple imputation for missing data and Cox proportional hazards regression, controlling for demographic factors and health risk factors. RESULTS By the end of the study, 137 individuals from the depressed sample and 99 individuals from the comparison sample had died. Although the mortality rate is higher in the depressed sample, after controlling for demographic, health risk factors, social behaviors, and physical activity, there was no significant difference in mortality between the depressed and control samples. Among participants in the depressed sample, reduced participation in social activities was significantly associated with a higher risk of mortality. LIMITATIONS Frequency and intensity of activities were not assessed and all data except for mortality were self-report. CONCLUSIONS Promoting social engagement through activities may hold promise for delaying mortality among individuals who are depressed. Potential methods to promote social engagement and factors such as positive emotions that should be considered in future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Finlay
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation, USA; Stanford University School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Elizabeth M Oliva
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation, USA
| | - Christine Timko
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation, USA; Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, USA
| | - Rudolf H Moos
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation, USA; Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, USA
| | - Ruth Cronkite
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Innovation to Implementation, USA; Department of Sociology, Stanford University, USA; Stanford University, Center for Primary Care Outcomes Research, USA
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Abstract
The anticipated rise of dementia prevalence due to global aging may be tackled by morbidity compression through lifestyle changes (i.e., consistent participation in physical and intellectual activities) that promote cognitive reserve. A hypothetical model of cognitive decline due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and modulation of the clinical trajectory by cognitive reserve is presented. People with higher cognitive reserve are expected to show delay of the mild cognitive impairment phase but faster conversion to AD thereafter. Once conversion to AD is evident, there would be even faster deterioration, resulting in compression of morbidity. When morbidity is compressed, not only is prevalence reduced but the caregiving load is also compressed; this is referred to as "double compression." Research and policy directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheung-Tak Cheng
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po.
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Vlachokostas C, Banias G, Athanasiadis A, Achillas C, Akylas V, Moussiopoulos N. Cense: a tool to assess combined exposure to environmental health stressors in urban areas. Environ Int 2014; 63:1-10. [PMID: 24246237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the structure of the Combined Environmental Stressors' Exposure (CENSE) tool. Individuals are exposed to several environmental stressors simultaneously. Combined exposure represents a more serious hazard to public health. Consequently, there is a need to address co-exposure in a holistic way. Rather than viewing chemical and physical health stressors separately for decision making and environmental sustainability considerations, the possibility of an easy-to-comprehend co-exposure assessment is herein considered. Towards this aim, the CENSE tool is developed in the programming environment of Delphi. The graphical user's interface facilitates its tractable application. Studying different scenarios is easy since the execution time required is negligible. The tool incorporates co-exposure indicators and takes into account the potential dose of each chemical stressor by considering the physical activities of each citizen in an urban (micro)environment. The capabilities of the CENSE tool are demonstrated through its application for the case of Thessaloniki, Greece. The test case highlights usability and validation insights and incorporates health stressors and local characteristics of the area considered into a well identified user/decision maker interface. The main conclusion of the work reported is that a decision maker can trust CENSE for urban planning and environmental sustainability considerations, since it supports a holistic assessment of the combined potential damage attributed to multiple health stressors. CENSE abandons the traditional approach of viewing chemical and physical stressors separately, which represents the most commonly adopted strategy in real life decision support cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Vlachokostas
- Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; MECO P.C., Technopolis Thessaloniki ICT Business Park, 55535 Pylaia, Greece.
| | - G Banias
- School of Economics and Business Administration, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - A Athanasiadis
- Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ch Achillas
- School of Economics and Business Administration, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - V Akylas
- Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N Moussiopoulos
- Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Gastinger S, Sorel A, Nicolas G, Gratas-Delamarche A, Prioux J. A comparison between ventilation and heart rate as indicator of oxygen uptake during different intensities of exercise. J Sports Sci Med 2010; 9:110-118. [PMID: 24149394 PMCID: PMC3737974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the relation between ventilation (VE) and oxygen uptake (VO2) [VO2=ƒ(VE)] and between heart rate (HR) and VO2 [VO2=ƒ(HR)]. Each one of the subjects performed three types of activities of different intensities (walking without load, walking with load and intermittent work). VO2, VE, and HR were measured continuously by using indirect calorimetry and an electrocardiogram. Linear regressions and coefficients of determination (r(2)) were calculated to compare the relation VO2 =ƒ(VE) and VO2 =ƒ(HR) for two different regroupings: by session duration (r(2) session) and by subject (r(2) subject). Results showed that r(2) session of the relation VO2 =ƒ(VE) were significantly higher than those of the relation VO2 =ƒ(HR) for steady state activities (walking with or without load during 3 or 6 min, p < 0.01) and for activities without oxygen consumption steady state (walking with or without load during 1 min, p < 0.01 and intermittent work, p < 0.05). VE is more strongly correlated with VO2 than with HR. This is a very promising approach to develop a new method to estimate energy expenditure. Key pointsVentilation is more strongly correlated with oxygen uptake than heart rate during physical activities of different intensities.This study shows the interest to looking for ventilation to estimate energy expenditure.This study is a promising approach to develop a new method to estimate energy expenditureAn interesting perspective could be to develop a light and portable device to measure ventilation based on the coupling of four magnetometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Gastinger
- M2S Laboratory, Physiology and Biomechanics, UFR APS University of Rennes 2, 35044 Rennes Cedex , France
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