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Chae HJ, Lee SH. Effectiveness of the online-based comprehensive cognitive training application, Smart Brain, for community-dwelling older adults with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2024; 60:423-432. [PMID: 38647533 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.24.08043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fourth industrial revolution has brought about developments in information and communication technologies for interventions in older adults with dementia. Currently, most interventions focus on single interventions. However, community-dwelling older adults with dementia require comprehensive cognitive interventions, and clinical studies analyzing the effects of comprehensive interventions based on randomized controlled trials are lacking. AIM The aim of the study was to examine the effects of an information and communication technology-based comprehensive cognitive training program, Smart Brain, on multi-domain function among community-dwelling older adults with dementia. DESIGN This was a two-group, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING This study was conducted at participant's home. POPULATION We analyzed older adults with dementia. METHODS Participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (N.=30) or the control group (N.=30). Older adults with dementia in the intervention group received 8 weeks of Smart Brain comprehensive cognitive training using a tablet, whereas the control group received a similar tablet but without the training. We measured the outcomes at baseline, and at 4 and 8 weeks. Cognitive function, depression, quality of life, balance confidence, physical ability, nutrition, and caregiver burden were compared between groups. RESULTS In the intervention group, cognitive function statistically increased from baseline to both week 4 (2.03; 95% CI 1.26 to 2.81) and week 8 (2.70; 95% CI 1.76 to 3.64). Depression was statistically different from week 0 to week 8 (-1.67, 95% CI -2.85 to -0.48). Physical ability statistically increased from baseline to both week 4 (-0.85; 95% CI 1.49 to -0.20) and week 8 (-1.44; 95% CI -2.29 to -0.59). Nutrition statistically increased from baseline to both week 4 (0.67; 95% CI 0.05 to 1.28) and week 8 (1.10; 95% CI 0.36 to 1.84). CONCLUSIONS Smart Brain significantly improved cognitive function, reduced depression, and enhanced physical and nutritional status in older adults with dementia. This demonstrates its potential as an effective non-pharmacological intervention in community-based dementia care. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Smart Brain's personalized approach, which integrates user-specific preferences and expert guidance, enhances engagement and goal achievement in dementia care. This enhances self-esteem and clinical outcomes, demonstrates the application's potential to innovate rehabilitation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jae Chae
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Heui Lee
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea -
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Harris C, Tang Y, Birnbaum E, Cherian C, Mendhe D, Chen MH. Digital Neuropsychology beyond Computerized Cognitive Assessment: Applications of Novel Digital Technologies. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 39:290-304. [PMID: 38520381 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Compared with other health disciplines, there is a stagnation in technological innovation in the field of clinical neuropsychology. Traditional paper-and-pencil tests have a number of shortcomings, such as low-frequency data collection and limitations in ecological validity. While computerized cognitive assessment may help overcome some of these issues, current computerized paradigms do not address the majority of these limitations. In this paper, we review recent literature on the applications of novel digital health approaches, including ecological momentary assessment, smartphone-based assessment and sensors, wearable devices, passive driving sensors, smart homes, voice biomarkers, and electronic health record mining, in neurological populations. We describe how each digital tool may be applied to neurologic care and overcome limitations of traditional neuropsychological assessment. Ethical considerations, limitations of current research, as well as our proposed future of neuropsychological practice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Harris
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yingfei Tang
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Eliana Birnbaum
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Christine Cherian
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Dinesh Mendhe
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michelle H Chen
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Neurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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3
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Ardelean A, Redolat R. Supporting Behavioral and Psychological Challenges in Alzheimer Using Technology: A Systematic Review. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2023.2172900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ardelean
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedy, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - R. Redolat
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedy, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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4
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Chae HJ, Lee SH. Effectiveness of online-based cognitive intervention in community-dwelling older adults with cognitive dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5853. [PMID: 36468299 PMCID: PMC10107881 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia imposes a substantial burden on patients, families, and social systems. For MCI or mild dementia patient, cognitive training is required to prevent progression to dementia. With advances in digital health, cognitive interventions using information and communication technology (ICT) have become essential for maintaining independence and functioning in dementia patients. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an ICT-based cognitive intervention in community-dwelling older adults with MCI or mild dementia. METHODS A literature search was performed in four databases: Ovid-Medline, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. We selected studies published up to April 15, 2021, on topics related to cognitive interventions using ICT in older adults with MCI or mild dementia. RESULTS Forty-four studies were included in the analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that ICT-based cognitive interventions significantly improved the Mini-Mental State Examination score in the intervention group compared with that in the control group. Additionally, cognitive training using ICT was significantly effective for a period of more than 30 min, more than 6 weeks, and multi-domain content. Moreover, a significant reduction in depression was found in the intervention group compared with that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS ICT-based cognitive intervention had a positive effect on cognitive function, depression, and quality of life in older adults with MCI or mild dementia. Application of ICT-based cognitive training to community-dwelling older adults with MCI or mild dementia should be expanded, and nurses should play a pivotal role in mediating between these older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jae Chae
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seon Heui Lee
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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5
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Saragih ID, Wei CW, Batubara SO, Saragih IS, Lee BO. Effects of technology-assisted interventions for people with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:291-303. [PMID: 36056586 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of technology-assisted interventions in dementia care contributes to increased communication, reduced burden on the caregivers, improved health outcomes, and improved expense management. Technology-assisted interventions can be provided remotely to monitor, improve, and enable home care, benefiting the health of both patients and caregivers. Despite increasing use, the effectiveness of technology-assisted interventions for dementia care remains uncertain, with studies reporting inconclusive findings subject to interpretation. Therefore, the current study investigated the available evidence to explore the efficacy of technology-assisted interventions for people with dementia. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The study was preregistered with the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided protocol. The primary search was conducted in eight databases from database inception to January 29, 2022. Using a random-effects model, the standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were synthesized to obtain pooled effect sizes (using Stata 16.0). The updated Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool (RoB-2) was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies. FINDINGS A pooled analysis of 12 trials, including 584 people with dementia, showed more improvement associated with technology-assisted interventions compared with standard care, including in the domains of cognitive function (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.64; p < 0.001) and depression (SMD = -0.75; 95% CI: -1.33 to -0.17; p = 0.01). However, no significant effects were observed for activities of daily living (ADL) or quality of life. CONCLUSION Technology-assisted interventions appear to improve cognitive function and reduce depression in people with dementia compared with standard care. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study may be used to demonstrate that interventions incorporating many modalities or technologies can be used to enhance dementia care, which may improve favorable outcomes when using technology-assisted interventions to remotely initiate appropriate activities for people with dementia. Because technology allows for simultaneous communication and access to shared multimedia, it removes environmental constraints and allows treatment to be administered remotely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun-Wang Wei
- Department of Health Care Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sakti Oktaria Batubara
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Health, Universitas Citra Bangsa, Kupang, Indonesia
| | - Ice Septriani Saragih
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, STIkes Santa Elisabeth Medan, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Bih-O Lee
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Chung Cheng University, Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), Minxiong, Taiwan
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6
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Li X, Ji M, Zhang H, Liu Z, Chai Y, Cheng Q, Yang Y, Cordato D, Gao J. Non-drug Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease: A Review. Neurol Ther 2022; 12:39-72. [PMID: 36376734 PMCID: PMC9837368 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-022-00416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating disease leading to great social and economic burdens worldwide. During the past decades, increasing understanding of this disease enables dynamic trials for disease interventions. Unfortunately, at present, AD still remains uncurable, and therefore, developing intervention strategies for improving symptoms and slowing down the disease process becomes a practical focus in parallel with searching for a disease-modifying medication. The aim of this review is to summarize the outcomes of AD clinical trials of non-drug therapies published in the past decade, including cognitive-oriented interventions, physical exercise interventions, brain stimulation, as well as nutrition supplementations, to find out the most effective interventions in the category by looking through the primary and secondary outcomes. The outcomes of the trials could be varied with the interventional approaches, the tested cohorts, the settings of observing outcomes, and the duration of follow-ups, which are all discussed in this review. Hence, we hope to provide crucial information for application of these interventions in real-world settings and assist with optimization of clinical trial designs in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqian Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093 China ,Clinical Research Center in Mental Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Min Ji
- Clinical Pharmacology, Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093 China ,Clinical Research Center in Mental Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Clinical Psychosomatic Department, Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093 China ,Clinical Research Center in Mental Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Zunjian Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093 China ,Clinical Research Center in Mental Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Yujing Chai
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093 China ,Clinical Research Center in Mental Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Stroke and Neurology Research Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Yue Yang
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Dennis Cordato
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Stroke and Neurology Research Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jianqun Gao
- Sleep Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 999 Shiguang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Department of Neurology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 999 Shiguang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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7
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Zhu D, Wang D, Huang R, Jing Y, Qiao L, Liu W. User Interface (UI) Design and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) Evaluation of a To-Do List Mobile Application to Support Day-To-Day Life of Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10102068. [PMID: 36292518 PMCID: PMC9602058 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the spread of smartphones, older adults enjoy the assistance of smartphones. However, fewer mobile applications are designed for older adults. Smartphone user interface (UI) serves as an external brain to capture information, and older adults may have memory complaints that affect self-confidence and lead to memory decline. Non-declarative memory requires more effort. Therefore, this study aims to design and evaluate a to-do list application to help older adults encode, store, and retrieve non-declarative memory, such as tasks they plan to do. We recruited 15 participants (5 men and 10 women) aged 60 to 75 years old (SD = 5.32). They were asked to complete nine usability tasks, and to answer a user experience questionnaire (UEQ) and a few interview questions. Sixty percent of users completed with only one or two attempts (median = 2.80, SD = 1.63). We found three usability issues and proposed an iteration plan. The application has attractiveness, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, novelty, and good perspicuity for older adults. The product was rated excellent except for perspicuity, which met the users’ expectations. This indicates that the user is satisfied with the application prototype. The results of this measurement can be utilized as a benchmark for the next model for developing mobile to-do list applications on user experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- School of Design and Architecture, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dahua Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruonan Huang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuchen Jing
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Software Technology Center Asia Microsoft, Beijing 518057, China
| | - Li Qiao
- Software Technology Center Asia Microsoft, Beijing 518057, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence:
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8
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Burley CV, Burns K, Lam BCP, Brodaty H. Nonpharmacological approaches reduce symptoms of depression in dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 79:101669. [PMID: 35714853 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common psychological symptom associated with dementia. Pharmacological approaches are often used despite two large negative trials of efficacy. This meta-analysis examines nonpharmacological (i.e., psychosocial) approaches for symptoms of depression in people living with dementia and reports statistical and clinical significance. METHODS Relevant studies published between 2012 and 2020 were sourced by searching electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Social Work Abstracts and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Studies were assessed for methodological quality. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate a pooled effect size (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Overall, 37 nonpharmacological studies were identified including 2,636 participants. The mean quality rating was high (12/14, SD=1.4). Meta-analysis revealed that nonpharmacological approaches were significantly associated with reduced symptoms of depression with a medium effect size (ES=-0.53, 95%CI [-0.72, -0.33], p < 0.0001). There was considerable heterogeneity between studies. Meta-regression revealed this was not driven by intervention type or setting (residential versus community). CONCLUSIONS Nonpharmacological approaches such as reminiscence, cognitive stimulation/ rehabilitation, therapeutic, music-based approaches and education/ training, have the potential to reduce symptoms of depression in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire V Burley
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Kim Burns
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ben C P Lam
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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9
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Holthe T, Halvorsrud L, Lund A. Digital Assistive Technology to Support Everyday Living in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:519-544. [PMID: 35464157 PMCID: PMC9031989 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s357860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this review was to explore whether knowledge about and practice of technology for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (D) had developed since our 2017 review. Furthermore, we wanted to explore the usability and acceptability of technology in the newer trials, and how these may impact quality of life, occupational performance and human dignity. Materials and Methods We searched for primary studies published between 2017 and 2020 reusing medical subject heading (MeSH) terms in five databases – Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Amed and Cinahl – and obtained 1452 titles. The titles were divided in six piles, two for each of the three authors. The titles were sorted utilizing the Rayyan web tool. Fourteen studies were included in this review. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess the quality of the studies examined. Results This review included almost twice as many participants as in the 2007–2017 review. Since 2017, a shift seems to have occurred toward technologies that can be worn on the body to monitor body functions and report states, or imbalances. Moreover, research interest is now focused on mobile phone apps and wearables providing reminders and timely support, rather than on separate devices at home. Conclusion The studies conducted since 2017 report on wearable and environmental digital assistive technologies and often with multiple purposes. Three strategies for support seem evident: prompting and reminding people with dementia, monitoring people with dementia at home using environmental sensors and biosensors and providing safety outdoors. Thus, there is still a need for further research on the impact of technologies promoting occupational performance, quality of life, and human dignity for independent living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torhild Holthe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Correspondence: Torhild Holthe, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, PO Box 4 St. Olavs plass, Oslo, 0130, Norway, Tel +47 911 34 088, Email
| | - Liv Halvorsrud
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Health and Welfare, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Anne Lund
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Zhang S, Fang S, Wang W, Li Y, Zhang X, Meng X, Su J, Chang A, Sun J. A systematic review of the application of a diary for people with dementia: how to maximise the effect of diary use? Psychogeriatrics 2022; 22:269-280. [PMID: 34931410 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diaries have been widely used among people with dementia as a data collection tool and memory aid. An understanding of their usage is conducive to the subsequent development of intervention measures, but comprehensive evidence is still lacking. This review synthesises the existing literature to obtain an in-depth understanding of the positive and negative effects of diary usage among people with dementia and the influencing factors. The data were collected from eight databases from the inception of each database to November 2020. A thematic synthesis method was used to sort and summarise the included studies. Ten studies were chosen for the review. The following three analytical themes were identified: (i) positive changes; (ii) factors affecting the record; and (iii) negative feelings. Diaries can cause positive changes in people with dementia, but the specific patterns of stimulation and changes over time remain to be explored. Furthermore, researchers should encourage patients and their families to have a correct understanding of the diary, improve their motivation and social support, fully use the positive effects of the diary, and reduce the occurrence of negative effects. Medical staff should help caregivers improve their awareness of the usefulness and ease of the diary and encourage them to provide support and companionship to people with dementia while exhibiting a positive attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Shuyan Fang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yijing Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | | | - Jianping Su
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China.,School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - An Chang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
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11
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Meyer LE, Porter L, Reilly ME, Johnson C, Safir S, Greenfield SF, Silverman BC, Hudson JI, Javaras KN. Using Wearable Cameras to Investigate Health-Related Daily Life Experiences: A Literature Review of Precautions and Risks in Empirical Studies. RESEARCH ETHICS 2022; 18:64-83. [PMID: 35874047 PMCID: PMC9307222 DOI: 10.1177/17470161211054021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Automated, wearable cameras can benefit health-related research by capturing accurate and objective information about individuals' daily experiences. However, wearable cameras present unique privacy- and confidentiality-related risks due to the possibility of the images capturing identifying or sensitive information from participants and third parties. Although best practice guidelines for ethical research with wearable cameras have been published, limited information exists on the risks of studies using wearable cameras. The aim of this literature review was to survey risks related to using wearable cameras, and precautions taken to reduce those risks, as reported in empirical research. Forty-five publications, comprising 36 independent studies, were reviewed, and findings revealed that participants' primary concerns with using wearable cameras included physical inconvenience and discomfort in certain situations (e.g., public settings). None of the studies reviewed reported any serious adverse events. Although it is possible that reported findings do not include all risks experienced by participants in research with wearable cameras, our findings suggest a low level of risk to participants. However, it is important that investigators adopt recommended precautions, which can promote autonomy and reduce risks, including participant discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel E. Meyer
- McLean Hospital, Division of Women’s Mental Health, Belmont, MA
| | - Lauren Porter
- McLean Hospital, Division of Women’s Mental Health, Belmont, MA
| | | | | | - Salman Safir
- McLean Hospital, Division of Women’s Mental Health, Belmont, MA
| | - Shelly F. Greenfield
- McLean Hospital, Division of Women’s Mental Health, Belmont, MA,Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA
| | - Benjamin C. Silverman
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA,Human Research Affairs, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA
| | - James I. Hudson
- McLean Hospital, Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Belmont, MA,Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA
| | - Kristin N. Javaras
- McLean Hospital, Division of Women’s Mental Health, Belmont, MA,Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA
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12
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van Teijlingen T, Oudman E, Postma A. Lifelogging as a rehabilitation tool in patients with amnesia: A narrative literature review on the effect of lifelogging on memory loss. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2021:1-27. [PMID: 34533426 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2021.1974891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Visual lifelogging is the procedure that enables individuals to visually record daily life activities by means of small wearable cameras, which can be worn around the neck or on the clothing. Lifelogging devices automatically take pictures or videos after pre-set time intervals or after dynamic input changes. Although some studies have shown effectivity of reviewing lifelogging images in brain-damaged individuals with forms of amnesia as a rehabilitation tool, systematic endeavours to overview this literature is yet missing. The aim of this narrative literature review was to review all the available case-studies, experimental studies and group studies in brain-damaged individuals applying lifelogging devices in a clinical context. The included studies showed efficacy for both subjective and objective measures of memory. In mild to severe amnesia, reviewing images recorded by the lifelogging device was beneficial to subjective and objective measures of memory. Lifelogging is demonstrated to have a great potential in helping people who are suffering from memory loss. It can offer an excellent alternative to currently more frequently used memory rehabilitation techniques and can be applied more in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijmen van Teijlingen
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Oudman
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Lelie Care Group, Slingedael Korsakoff Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Postma
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Lelie Care Group, Slingedael Korsakoff Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Using a wearable camera to support everyday memory following brain injury: a single-case study. BRAIN IMPAIR 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/brimp.2021.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Wearable cameras have been shown to improve memory in people with hippocampal amnesia and Alzheimer's disease. It is not known whether this benefit extends to people with amnesia of complex or uncertain origin.Method:This case study examined the effect of wearable camera use on memory and occupational performance in a patient with memory loss and complex mental health problems following a severe neurological incident. With the help of his occupational therapist (OT), Mr A used a wearable camera to record a series of eight personally significant events over a 6-week period. During visits from his OT, Mr A was asked to report what he could remember about the events, both before (baseline) and during the review of time-lapsed photographs captured automatically by the camera.Results:The results showed striking improvements in recall while reviewing the photographs, relative to baseline recall, but the additional details recalled during review did not appear to be maintained at later tests, after several days. Across the study period, there were moderate increases in occupational performance, measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. However, after the study period ended, Mr A ceased to use the wearable camera due to technological difficulty.Conclusion:There was a clear benefit of wearable camera use, but the real-world impact of the technology was limited by the complexity of the system. The results of the study are discussed alongside novel clinical insights and suggestions for developing wearable camera support systems that can be used independently by people with memory problems.
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Vizitiu C, Bîră C, Dinculescu A, Nistorescu A, Marin M. Exhaustive Description of the System Architecture and Prototype Implementation of an IoT-Based eHealth Biometric Monitoring System for Elders in Independent Living. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21051837. [PMID: 33800728 PMCID: PMC7961703 DOI: 10.3390/s21051837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present an exhaustive description of an extensible e-Health Internet-connected embedded system, which allows the measurement of three biometric parameters: pulse rate, oxygen saturation and temperature, via several wired and wireless sensors residing to the realm of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and cognitive assessment through Choice Reaction Time (CRT) analysis. The hardware used is based on ATMEGA AVR + MySignals Hardware printed circuit board (Hardware PCB), but with multiple upgrades (including porting from ATMEGA328P to ATMEGA2560). Multiple software improvements were made (by writing high-level device drivers, text-mode and graphic-mode display driver) for increasing functionality, portability, speed, and latency. A top-level embedded application was developed and benchmarked. A custom wireless AT command firmware was developed, based on ESP8266 firmware to allow AP-mode configuration and single-command JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) data-packet pushing towards the cloud platform. All software is available in a git repository, including the measurement results. The proposed eHealth system provides with specific NCDs and cognitive views fostering the potential to exploit correlations between physiological and cognitive data and to generate predictive analysis in the field of eldercare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Vizitiu
- Space Applications for Human Health and Safety Department, Institute of Space Science, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (C.B.); (A.N.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (A.D.)
| | - Călin Bîră
- Space Applications for Human Health and Safety Department, Institute of Space Science, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (C.B.); (A.N.); (M.M.)
- Devices, Circuits, Electronic Architectures, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Dinculescu
- Space Applications for Human Health and Safety Department, Institute of Space Science, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (C.B.); (A.N.); (M.M.)
- Image Processing and Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexandru Nistorescu
- Space Applications for Human Health and Safety Department, Institute of Space Science, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (C.B.); (A.N.); (M.M.)
- Faculty of Science Physical Education and Informatics, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
| | - Mihaela Marin
- Space Applications for Human Health and Safety Department, Institute of Space Science, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (C.B.); (A.N.); (M.M.)
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Validation of Wearable Camera Still Images to Assess Posture in Free-Living Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 4:47-52. [PMID: 34337345 DOI: 10.1123/jmpb.2020-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the convergent validity of body worn wearable camera (WC) still-images (IMGs) for determining posture compared with activPAL (AP) classifications. Methods Participants (n=16, mean age 46.7±23.8yrs, 9F) wore an Autographer WC above the xyphoid process and an AP during three, 2hr free-living visits. IMGs were captured on average 8.47 seconds apart and were annotated with output consisting of events, transitory states, unknown and gaps. Events were annotations that matched AP classifications (sit, stand and move) consisting of at least 3 IMGs, transitory states were posture annotations fewer than 3 IMGs, unknown were IMGs that could not be accurately classified, and gaps were time between annotations. For analyses, annotation and AP output were converted to one-sec epochs and matched second-by-second. Total and average length of visits and events are reported in minutes. Bias and 95% CIs for event posture times from IMGs to AP posture times were calculated to determine accuracy and precision. Confusion matrices using total AP posture times were computed to determine misclassification. Results 43 visits were analyzed with a total visit and event time of 5027.73 and 4237.23 minutes and average visit and event lengths being 116.92 and 98.54 minutes, respectively. Bias was not statistically significant for sitting but significant for standing and movement (0.84, -6.87 and 6.04 minutes). From confusion matrices, IMGs correctly classified sitting, standing and movement 85.69%, 54.87%, and 69.41% of total AP time, respectively. Conclusion WC IMGs provide a good estimation of overall sitting time but underestimate standing and overestimate movement time. Future work is warranted to improve posture classifications and examine IMG accuracy and precision in assessing activity type behaviors.
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Neal D, van den Berg F, Planting C, Ettema T, Dijkstra K, Finnema E, Dröes RM. Can Use of Digital Technologies by People with Dementia Improve Self-Management and Social Participation? A Systematic Review of Effect Studies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:604. [PMID: 33562749 PMCID: PMC7915697 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the use of technology to support social health in dementia. The primary objective of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence of effectiveness of digital technologies used by people with dementia to improve self-management and social participation. Records published from 1 January 2007 to 9 April 2020 were identified from Pubmed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Controlled interventional studies evaluating interventions based on any digital technology were included if: primary users of the technology had dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI); and the study reported outcomes relevant to self-management or social participation. Studies were clustered by population, intervention, and outcomes, and narrative synthesis was undertaken. Of 1394 records identified, nine met the inclusion criteria: two were deemed to be of poor methodological quality, six of fair quality, and one of good quality. Three clusters of technologies were identified: virtual reality, wearables, and software applications. We identified weak evidence that digital technologies may provide less benefit to people with dementia than people with MCI. Future research should address the methodological limitations and narrow scope of existing work. In the absence of strong evidence, clinicians and caregivers must use their judgement to appraise available technologies on a case-by-case basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Neal
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location VUMC, 1081 HJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Floor van den Berg
- Department of Linguistics and English as a Second Language, University of Groningen, 9712 EK Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Caroline Planting
- Department of Research and Innovation, GGZ inGeest, 1070 BB Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Teake Ettema
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location VUMC, 1081 HJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Karin Dijkstra
- Research Group Nursing, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, 7417 DH Deventer, The Netherlands;
| | - Evelyn Finnema
- Health Sciences-Nursing Research, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Healthcare, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, 8917 DD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- School of Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, 9747 AS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rose-Marie Dröes
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location VUMC, 1081 HJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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Moura FP, Hamdan AC. Relations between subjective well-being and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Dement Neuropsychol 2020; 14:153-158. [PMID: 32595884 PMCID: PMC7304272 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjective Well-Being (SWB) is determined by the degree of satisfaction with one's own life and the intensity/frequency with which we experience negative and positive emotions. Current studies indicate that SWB is beneficial for health. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the methodological quality of published articles on SWB in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods The keywords "Well-Being" and "Alzheimer" were used. Inclusion criteria were a) articles with a sample of the elderly population; b) empirical articles; c) articles published between 2014 and 2019. Analysis of the selected articles was performed using the Downs and Black Checklist. Results 13 articles were selected for further analysis. The results showed that only one of the articles reached a high methodological quality level. The other articles had an average level, ranging from 46% to 67%, of total protocol compliance. Conclusion The studies analyzed had a medium level of methodological quality. It is important to improve the methodological quality of studies on SWB in people with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Panage Moura
- Psychologist and student of the Postgraduate program in Psychology of UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Amer Cavalheiro Hamdan
- Professor Doctor of the Postgraduate Program in Psychology of UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Goodall G, Taraldsen K, Serrano JA. The use of technology in creating individualized, meaningful activities for people living with dementia: A systematic review. DEMENTIA 2020; 20:1442-1469. [PMID: 32475166 PMCID: PMC8132010 DOI: 10.1177/1471301220928168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using technology to provide meaningful activities for people living with dementia. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and explore the different types of digital technologies used in creating individualized, meaningful activities for people living with dementia. From 1414 articles identified from searches in four databases, 29 articles were included in the review. The inclusion criteria were the study used digital technology to deliver an individually tailored activity to participants with dementia, the process of individualization was described, and findings relating to the mental, physical, social, and/or emotional well-being of the participant were reported. Data extracted from the included studies included participant demographics, aims, methods, and outcomes. The following information on the technology was also extracted: purpose, type, training, facilitation, and the individualization process. A narrative synthesis of the results grouped the various technologies into four main purposes: reminiscence/memory support, behavior management, stimulating engagement, and conversation/communication support. A broad range of technologies were studied, with varying methods of evaluation implemented to assess their effect. Overall, the use of technology in creating individualized, meaningful activities seems to be promising in terms of improving behavior and promoting relationships with others. Furthermore, most studies in this review involved the person with dementia in the individualization process of the technology, indicating that research in this area is adopting a more co-creative and inclusive approach. However, sample sizes of the included studies were small, and there was a lack of standardized outcome measures. Future studies should aim to build a more concrete evidence base by improving the methodological quality of research in this area. Findings from the review indicate that there is also a need for more evidence concerning the feasibility of implementing these technologies into care environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Artur Serrano
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Norwegian Centre for eHealth Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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IoT Wearable Sensors and Devices in Elderly Care: A Literature Review. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20102826. [PMID: 32429331 PMCID: PMC7288187 DOI: 10.3390/s20102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The increasing ageing global population is causing an upsurge in ailments related to old age, primarily dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, frailty, Parkinson’s, and cardiovascular disease, but also a general need for general eldercare as well as active and healthy ageing. In turn, there is a need for constant monitoring and assistance, intervention, and support, causing a considerable financial and human burden on individuals and their caregivers. Interconnected sensing technology, such as IoT wearables and devices, present a promising solution for objective, reliable, and remote monitoring, assessment, and support through ambient assisted living. This paper presents a review of such solutions including both earlier review studies and individual case studies, rapidly evolving in the last decade. In doing so, it examines and categorizes them according to common aspects of interest such as health focus, from specific ailments to general eldercare; IoT technologies, from wearables to smart home sensors; aims, from assessment to fall detection and indoor positioning to intervention; and experimental evaluation participants duration and outcome measures, from acceptability to accuracy. Statistics drawn from this categorization aim to outline the current state-of-the-art, as well as trends and effective practices for the future of effective, accessible, and acceptable eldercare with technology.
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Small JA, Cochrane D. Spaced Retrieval and Episodic Memory Training in Alzheimer's Disease. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:519-536. [PMID: 32368019 PMCID: PMC7174872 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s242113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study replicated and extended the findings from the author's previous pilot study to further explore how a spaced retrieval (SR) memory training program might be effectively applied to help persons with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) improve both short- and long-term recall of recent episodic events. Methods A quasi-experimental within-subject group study was conducted with 15 participants with a diagnosis of AD. Results Compared to a control condition, all participants were able to spontaneously recall significantly more specific details about trained events, and their recall was significantly enhanced when they were provided with cues. Although the findings indicated that people with AD were able to encode information during training, recall gains diminished by the end of the maintenance period. Discussion This study provides evidence that individuals with mild to moderate AD can learn and recall new episodic information through SR training. These findings support the use of SR as an intervention tool to help individuals maintain their functioning in episodic recent memory. However, more research into maintaining the long-term recall of recent episodic events is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff A Small
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diana Cochrane
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Selwood A, Bennett J, Conway MA, Loveday C, Kuchelmeister V. Mnemoscape: Supporting Older Adults' Event Memory Using Wearable Camera Photographs on an Immersive Interface. Gerontology 2020; 66:371-381. [PMID: 32222715 DOI: 10.1159/000505848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable camera photographs have been shown to be an effective memory aid in people with and without memory impairment. Most studies using wearable cameras as a memory aid have presented photographs on a computer monitor and used a written diary or no review as a comparison. In this pioneering study, we took a new and innovative approach to wearable camera photograph review that embeds the photographs within a virtual landscape. This approach may enhance these benefits by reinstating the original environmental context to increase participants' sense of re-experiencing the event. OBJECTIVE We compare the traditional computer monitor presentation of wearable camera photographs and actively taken digital photographs with the presentation of wearable camera photographs in a new immersive interface that reinstates the spatiotemporal context. METHODS Healthy older adults wore wearable or took digital photographs during a staged event. The next day and 2 weeks later, they viewed wearable camera photographs on a computer monitor or in context on an immersive interface, or digital photographs. RESULTS Participants who viewed wearable camera photographs in either format recalled more details during photo viewing and subsequent free recall than participants who viewed digital photographs they had taken themselves. CONCLUSION Wearable camera photographs are an effective support for event memory, regardless of whether they are presented in context in an experience-near format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Selwood
- National Institute for Experimental Arts, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Jill Bennett
- National Institute for Experimental Arts, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin A Conway
- Centre for Memory & Law, Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Loveday
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Volker Kuchelmeister
- National Institute for Experimental Arts, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Gelonch O, Cano N, Vancells M, Bolaños M, Farràs-Permanyer L, Garolera M. The Effects of Exposure to Recent Autobiographical Events on Declarative Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Preliminary Pilot Study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:158-167. [PMID: 32183672 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666200317093341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) are at heightened risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia. In recent years, much attention has been given to the search for new interventions to slow down the progression of cognitive decline of these patients. Wearable digital camera devices are one form of new technology that captures images of one's life events, so they constitute a promising method to be used as a means to stimulate recent autobiographical memory. OBJECTIVE This preliminary study investigates the ability of a new cognitive intervention based on exposure to recent autobiographical memory captured by wearable cameras to improve episodic memory in patients with aMCI. METHODS Seventeen subjects wore a wearable camera while they went about their daily activities. The images captured were converted into eight different 3-minute films containing the most relevant information of each event. The intervention involved eight individualized weekly sessions during which patients were exposed to a different autobiographical event each week. Besides, several specific questions were formulated within each session. Clinical questionnaires assessing cognitive reserve, premorbid intelligence, depression, and anxiety were administered at baseline. Measures of objective episodic memory were applied at baseline and at post-treatment. RESULTS Significant improvements were observed at post-treatment in memory measures, and significant associations were found between memory change scores and age and cognitive reserve. Anyway, these associations did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION The present study provides preliminary evidence that aMCI patients may benefit from a cognitive intervention program based on re-experiencing recent autobiographical events. However, future studies incorporating a control group will be needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gelonch
- Clinical Research Group for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Neus Cano
- Clinical Research Group for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Marta Vancells
- Clinical Research Group for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Marc Bolaños
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Farràs-Permanyer
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Garolera
- Clinical Research Group for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Spain
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Scott I, Cooper C, Leverton M, Burton A, Beresford-Dent J, Rockwood K, Butler L, Rapaport P. Effects of nonpharmacological interventions on functioning of people living with dementia at home: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1386-1402. [PMID: 31026082 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Slowing functional decline could enable people living with dementia to live for longer and more independently in their own homes. We aimed to update previous syntheses examining the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions in reducing functional decline (activities of daily living, activity-specific physical functioning, or function-specific goal attainment) in people living in their own homes with dementia. METHODS We systematically searched electronic databases from January 2012 to May 2018; two researchers independently rated risk of bias of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) fitting predetermined inclusion criteria using a checklist; we narratively synthesised findings, prioritising studies judged to have a lower risk of bias. RESULTS Twenty-nine papers (describing 26 RCTs) met eligibility criteria, of which we judged 13 RCTs to have a lower risk of bias. Study interventions were evaluated in four groups: physical exercise, occupational, multicomponent, and cognition-oriented interventions. Four out of 13 RCTs reported functional ability as a primary outcome. In studies judged to have a lower risk of bias, in-home tailored exercise, individualised cognitive rehabilitation, and in-home activities-focussed occupational therapy significantly reduced functional decline relative to control groups in individual studies. There was consistent evidence from studies at low risk of bias that group-based exercise and reminiscence therapies were ineffective at reducing functional decline. CONCLUSION We found no replicated evidence of intervention effectiveness in decreasing functional decline. Interventions associated with slower functional decline in individual trials have been individually delivered and tailored to the needs of the person with dementia. This is consistent with previous findings. Future intervention trials should prioritise these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona Scott
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Cooper
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Monica Leverton
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alex Burton
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kenneth Rockwood
- Medicine, Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Laurie Butler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, UK
| | - Penny Rapaport
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Ceci C, Symonds Brown H, Judge H. Rethinking the assumptions of intervention research concerned with care at home for people with dementia. DEMENTIA 2018; 19:861-877. [DOI: 10.1177/1471301218790037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging populations have been positioned as a challenge to health and social service planning around the world, a situation even more pronounced in the case of persons with a diagnosis of dementia. While policy responses emphasize that care be provided for persons with dementia in home settings for as long as possible and that family carers be supported in the provision of this care, finding good ways to support families as they do the work of ‘delaying institutionalization’ has been challenging despite decades of intervention research intended to develop and evaluate interventions to support families. In this context of limited effectiveness it is useful to examine the assumptions informing research practices. Problematization is a method of literature analysis useful for clarifying and challenging assumptions informing a field of research in order to generate new approaches to research or new research questions. Our analysis suggests that although community-based intervention research has contributed significant knowledge about the kinds of things that might help families, there are limitations related to the dominant assumptions underlying the field. We highlight three areas for re-consideration: the overriding focus on caregiver–care recipient dyads, the under-determination of the object(s) of inquiry and the algorithmic nature of interventions themselves. Issues in these areas, we argue, arise from a commitment to homogeneity characteristic of biomedical models of disease that may need to be rethought in the face of consequential heterogeneity among research populations. That is, there is a mismatch between ‘dementia’ in the intervention research literature and ‘dementia’ in the life that is consequential for families living with these concerns.
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Taniguchi K, Nishikawa A. Mouthwitch: A Novel Head Mount Type Hands-Free Input Device that Uses the Movement of the Temple to Control a Camera. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E2273. [PMID: 30011872 PMCID: PMC6069124 DOI: 10.3390/s18072273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an interface (mouthwitch) for a head-mounted type camera with which pictures can be taken with a head-mounted camera, hands-free, simply by "opening your mouth continuously for approximately one second and then closing it again". This mouthwitch uses a sensor equipped with an LED and photo transistor on the temple to optically measure the changes in the form of the temple that occur when the mouth is opened and closed. Eight test subjects (males and females aged between 21 and 44 years old) performed evaluation tests using this mouthwitch when resting, speaking, chewing, walking, and running. The results showed that all test subjects were able to open and close the mouth, and the measurement results pertaining to the temple shape changes that occurred at this time were highly reproducible. Additionally, the average value for accuracy obtained for the eight test subjects through the verification tests was 100% when resting, chewing, or walking, and 99.8% when speaking or running. Similarly, the average values for precision were 100% for all items, and the average values for recall were 100% when resting or chewing, 98.8% when speaking, 97.5% when walking, and 87.5% when running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, 3-4-1 Ozukahigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-3194, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nishikawa
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
- Division of Biological and Medical Fibers, Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
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Doraiswamy PM, Narayan VA, Manji HK. Mobile and pervasive computing technologies and the future of Alzheimer's clinical trials. NPJ Digit Med 2018; 1:1. [PMID: 31304287 PMCID: PMC6550135 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-017-0008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of mobile phones, automated speech recognizing personal assistants, and internet access among the elderly provides new opportunities for incorporating such technologies into clinical research and personalized medical care. Alzheimer's disease is a good test case given the need for early detection, the high rate of clinical trial failures, the need to more efficiently recruit patients for trials, and the need for sensitive and ecologically valid trial outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Murali Doraiswamy
- Neurocognitive Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Health System, and the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Durham, NC 27710 USA
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Changes of brain activity during a functional magnetic resonance imaging stroop task study: Effect of Chinese herbal formula in Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Integr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chow TE, Rissman J. Neurocognitive mechanisms of real‐world autobiographical memory retrieval: insights from studies using wearable camera technology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1396:202-221. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesse Rissman
- Department of Psychology
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences
- Brain Research Institute
- Integrative Center for Learning and Memory University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California
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