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Rashid NSA, Mohamad Marzuki MF, Abdullah NN, Mohamad M, Takshe AA, Mohd Yunus R, Chen XW. Supporting caregivers of people with dementia: insights from Demensia KITA mobile application online content development. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19302. [PMID: 39164373 PMCID: PMC11336210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia significantly impacts caregivers, particularly in low and middle-income countries where support is often inadequate. Given the gap in affordable and culturally relevant digital resources for Malaysian dementia caregivers, we developed "Demensia KITA," a mobile application (app) specifically tailored to their needs. This study utilized a theoretical framework proposed from existing literature and the "Model of Carer Stress and Burden". This paper discusses our app content development, highlighting key findings and challenges. To assess caregivers' needs, the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) with five dementia caregivers was conducted, followed by a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with eight medical professionals. Both sessions were conducted online via Google Meet. In the NGT, ideas were generated, organized, prioritized, reviewed, and refined by medical professionals in the FGD. Content relevant to addressing the complexities of dementia caregiving was then discussed. Topics were either adapted from established modules or newly developed from credible sources. Subsequently, these were organized into modules and themes, and subsequently underwent expert validation. From the NGT, three key domains emerged: Knowledge, Services, and Support. These were further organized into two modules: 'Patient Care for Caregivers' and 'Caregiver Wellbeing'. Within these, twelve sub-modules were identified, covering a range of topics including basic knowledge on dementia, patient care, nutritional management, oral and dental care, simple exercises, daily activity and memory rehabilitation, service directories, support groups, emotional and stress management, welfare assistance, and daily motivation. This framework was developed to address the specific needs of dementia caregivers in terms of psychoeducation, psychosocial and caregiving skills, incorporating expert opinions in the field. This study corroborates the feasibility of online methods for mobile health app content development and encourages similar research. Future studies should evaluate Demensia KITA's effectiveness in alleviating caregiver burden across all regions, assess users' acceptance, and ensure it meets the evolving needs of Malaysian caregivers with regular updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Syaireen A Rashid
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh, 47000, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Training Management Division, Ministry of Health, Menara Prisma Aras 6, Persiaran Perdana, Persint 3, 62675, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Fadhil Mohamad Marzuki
- Kedah State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Simpang Kuala, Jalan Kuala Kedah, 05400, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Nik Nairan Abdullah
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh, 47000, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mariam Mohamad
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh, 47000, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Aseel A Takshe
- Department Public Health, Faculty of Communication, Arts and Sciences, Canadian University Dubai, Al Safa Street-Al Wasi City Walk Mall, P.O. Box 17781, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raudah Mohd Yunus
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh, 47000, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Xin Wee Chen
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh, 47000, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Romero-Mas M, Cox AM, Ramon-Aribau A, Gómez-Zúñiga B. Knowledge sharing in virtual communities of practice of family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:577. [PMID: 38965455 PMCID: PMC11223353 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge sharing can only happen in the context of a trusting and supportive environment, such as evolves in communities of practice and their virtual equivalent, virtual communities of practice. The main objective of this study was to understand knowledge sharing between participants in a virtual community of practice of caregivers of people with Alzheimer's. METHODS The authors designed their own mobile application, and two virtual communities of practice were created independently and differentiated by how they were moderated: one by an expert caregiver and the other by three health professionals. 38 caregivers and four moderators were involved in the study, which ran between July 2017 and April 2018. A total of 1925 messages were exchanged within the two communities and used as data in the study. Message data was analysed using LINKS (Leveraging Internet Networks for knowledge sharing). RESULTS Participants were more motivated to acquire knowledge related to caring for the person with Alzheimer's rather than caring for themselves. The purpose of the messages was to inform others about the sender and not to seek answers. It seems that the interaction was more to socialise and to feel heard, than to gain information. Face to face meetings appear to have accelerated community development. On nearly every parameter, behaviour was significantly different in the two communities, reflecting the importance of the character of the moderator. Caring for oneself was a much stronger theme in the community that included health professionals. Experiential knowledge sharing was particularly strong in the group led by a caregiver. DISCUSSION Caregivers adapted the virtual community of practice to their own needs and mainly shared social knowledge. This focus on social support, which seems to be more valued by the caregivers than information about the disease, was not an expected pattern. Virtual communities of practice where peers count on each other, function more as a support group, whereas those moderated by health professionals function more as a place to go to acquire information. The level of interactivity points to such communities being important for knowledge sharing not mere knowledge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romero-Mas
- Health Sciences and Welfare Faculty, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic (Barcelona), Spain
| | - A M Cox
- Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - A Ramon-Aribau
- Health Sciences and Welfare Faculty, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Beni Gómez-Zúñiga
- Estudis de Psicologia i Ciències de l'Educació, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla Poblenou, 156, Barcelona, 08018, Spain.
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Ansaldo AI, Masson-Trottier M, Delacourt B, Dubuc J, Dubé C. Efficacy of COMPAs, an App Designed to Support Communication Between Persons Living With Dementia in Long-Term Care Settings and Their Caregivers: Mixed Methods Implementation Study. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e47565. [PMID: 38963691 PMCID: PMC11258517 DOI: 10.2196/47565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons living with dementia experience autonomy loss and require caregiver support on a daily basis. Dementia involves a gradual decline in communication skills, leading to fewer interactions and isolation for both people living with dementia and their caregivers, negatively impacting the quality of life for both members of the dyad. The resulting stress and burden on caregivers make them particularly susceptible to burnout. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the efficacy of Communication Proches Aidants (COMPAs), an app designed following the principles of person-centered and emotional communication, which is intended to improve well-being in persons living with dementia and caregivers and reduce caregiver burden. METHODS In this implementation study, volunteer caregivers in 2 long-term care facilities (n=17) were trained in using COMPAs and strategies to improve communication with persons living with dementia. Qualitative and quantitative analyses, semistructured interviews, and questionnaires were completed before and after 8 weeks of intervention with COMPAs. RESULTS Semistructured interviews revealed that all caregivers perceived a positive impact following COMPAs interventions, namely, improved quality of communication and quality of life among persons living with dementia and caregivers. Improved quality of life was also supported by a statistically significant reduction in the General Health Questionnaire-12 scores (caregivers who improved: 9/17, 53%; z=2.537; P=.01). COMPAs interventions were also associated with a statistically significant increased feeling of personal accomplishment (caregivers improved: 11/17, 65%; t15=2.430; P=.03; d=0.61 [medium effect size]). CONCLUSIONS COMPAs intervention improved well-being in persons living with dementia and their caregivers by developing person-centered communication within the dyad, increasing empathy, and reducing burden in caregivers although most caregivers were unfamiliar with technology. The results hold promise for COMPAs interventions in long-term care settings. Larger group-controlled studies with different populations, in different contexts, and at different stages of dementia will provide a clearer picture of the benefits of COMPAs interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Inés Ansaldo
- Laboratoire de Plasticité cérébrale, Communication et Vieillissement, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle Masson-Trottier
- Laboratoire de Plasticité cérébrale, Communication et Vieillissement, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- John Hopkins Hospital, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Barbara Delacourt
- Laboratoire de Plasticité cérébrale, Communication et Vieillissement, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jade Dubuc
- Laboratoire de Plasticité cérébrale, Communication et Vieillissement, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Dubé
- Laboratoire de Plasticité cérébrale, Communication et Vieillissement, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Shen WC, Chang LH, Huang YC, Wang JJ. Psychological Distress, Multicare Needs and Social Resource Utilisation of Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: A Descriptive-Correlational Study. Int J Older People Nurs 2024; 19:e12624. [PMID: 38895917 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The population of people with dementia increases yearly, imposing a growing burden on family caregivers. Psychological distress impacts the mental health of family caregivers of people with dementia. Caregiver psychological distress can result in increased social resource utilisation and unmet multicare needs. PURPOSE The study explored the psychological distress of family caregivers of people with dementia and examined the impact on social resource utilisation and multicare needs. METHODS A descriptive-correlational study collected data in Taiwan from a cross-sectional sample of family caregivers of people with dementia using a self-report questionnaire. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 301 caregivers provided data for analysis. Nearly two-thirds of caregivers were female with a mean age of 57 years old (SD = 12). Over half of the family caregivers of people with dementia experienced mild-to-moderate psychological distress. The greater the psychological distress, the greater the probability of using social resources (1.09 times per 1-point increase, p = 0.002). Psychological distress was positively associated with the number of caregivers' care needs (β = 0.371, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study can assist healthcare professionals in better understanding the psychological distress and care needs of caregivers. Services designed to meet the needs of family caregivers will improve psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ching Shen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Hui Chang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Che Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jy Wang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
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Li SH, Wu SFV, Liu CY, Lin CF, Lin HR. Experiences of family caregivers taking care getting lost of persons with dementia: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:452. [PMID: 38890607 PMCID: PMC11186165 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Getting lost with family members who have dementia is a significant source of stress for family caregivers. In Taiwan, family caregivers develop strategies to deal with dementia persons who may get lost. This study aimed to explore the experiences of family caregivers caring for persons with dementia who have been lost outside the home. METHODS A descriptive phenomenological method was used. The COREQ checklist was used to ensure the explicit reporting of data. A total of 20 family caregivers caring for persons with dementia who were lost outside their homes were selected from hospital outpatient clinics and a day care center in northern Taiwan using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Giorgi analysis method. RESULTS Five main themes emerged: (i) surprised persons with dementia lost outside, (ii) using strategies to prevent persons with dementia from getting lost, (iii) using strategies to find lost persons with dementia, (iv) exhaustion in long-term care persons with dementia, and (v) coping with the care load. It was found that family caregivers were surprised, nervous, and worried about persons with dementia being lost outside. They used the first strategy to supervise persons with dementia to prevent external losses. In addition, long-term supervision of persons with dementia led to mental exhaustion in the family caregivers. Finally, the family caregivers learned about loss prevention strategies and obtained family support and care replacement workers to reduce the care burden. CONCLUSIONS It is essential to teach family caregivers early to prevent persons with dementia from losing external strategies. Nurses also provide long-term care services to reduce the care burden on family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Li
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365, MingTe Rd, PeiTou, District, Taipei, 112303, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Vivienne Wu
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365, MingTe Rd, PeiTou, District, Taipei, 112303, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Liu
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Fen Lin
- School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ru Lin
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365, MingTe Rd, PeiTou, District, Taipei, 112303, Taiwan.
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Huang HL, Shyu YIL, Hsu WC, Liao YT, Huang HL, Hsieh SH. Effectiveness of a health education program for people with dementia and their family caregivers: An intervention by nurse practitioners. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 50:147-159. [PMID: 38789227 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assesses the effectiveness of a health education program on caregiving outcomes for people with dementia and their families. METHODS This quasi-experimental study involved 250 people with dementia and their family caregivers. Behavioral problems in people with dementia were assessed using the Chinese version of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory-community form. Family caregiver outcomes were measured using the Agitation Management Self-Efficacy Scale, Caregiver Preparedness Scale, Competence Scale, and Community Resource Awareness and Utilization Assessment. RESULTS Following the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in terms of self-efficacy, preparedness, competence, and awareness and utilization of community resources among family caregivers. Additionally, the experimental group exhibited lower levels of behavioral problems among people with dementia. CONCLUSIONS This study helped improve caregiving outcomes for people with dementia and their family caregivers. Therefore, outpatient healthcare providers can utilize these findings to enhance care for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Ling Huang
- Department of Gerontology and Health Care Management, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Geriatric and Long-Term Care Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yea-Ing L Shyu
- Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuin Hsu
- Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Liao
- Department of Gerontology and Health Care Management, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Li Huang
- Department of Long-Term Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Hsieh
- Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Kelley MM, Powell T, Camara D, Shah N, Norton JM, Deitelzweig C, Vaidy N, Hsiao CJ, Wang J, Bierman AS. Mobile Health Apps, Family Caregivers, and Care Planning: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e46108. [PMID: 38781588 PMCID: PMC11157180 DOI: 10.2196/46108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) face substantial challenges in planning and coordinating increasingly complex care. Family caregivers provide important assistance for people with MCCs but lack sufficient support. Caregiver apps have the potential to help by enhancing care coordination and planning among the health care team, including patients, caregivers, and clinicians. OBJECTIVE We aim to conduct a scoping review to assess the evidence on the development and use of caregiver apps that support care planning and coordination, as well as to identify key factors (ie, needs, barriers, and facilitators) related to their use and desired caregiver app functionalities. METHODS Papers intersecting 2 major domains, mobile health (mHealth) apps and caregivers, that were in English and published from 2015 to 2021 were included in the initial search from 6 databases and gray literature and ancestry searches. As per JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) Scoping Review guidelines and PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews), 2 authors independently screened full texts with disagreements resolved by a third author. Working in pairs, the authors extracted data using a pilot-tested JBI extraction table and compared results for consensus. RESULTS We identified 34 papers representing 25 individual studies, including 18 (53%) pilot and feasibility studies, 13 (38%) qualitative studies, and 2 experimental or quasi-experimental studies. None of the identified studies assessed an intervention of a caregiver app for care planning and coordination for people with MCCs. We identified important caregiver needs in terms of information, support, and care coordination related to both caregiving and self-care. We compiled desired functionalities and features enabling apps to meet the care planning and care coordination needs of caregivers, in particular, the integration of caregiver roles into the electronic health record. CONCLUSIONS Caregiver needs identified through this study can inform developers and researchers in the design and implementation of mHealth apps that integrate with the electronic health record to link caregivers, patients, and clinicians to support coordinated care for people with MCCs. In addition, this study highlights the need for more rigorous research on the use of mHealth apps to support caregivers in care planning and coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie M Kelley
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tia Powell
- Montefiore Einstein Center for Bioethics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Djibril Camara
- Credence Management Solution, USAID Global Health Technical Professionals, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Neha Shah
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jenna M Norton
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Nivedha Vaidy
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chun-Ju Hsiao
- Center for Evidence and Practice Improvement, Agency for Health Care Research and Quality, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Florida State University College of Nursing, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Arlene S Bierman
- Agency for Health Care Research and Quality, Rockville, MD, United States
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Giebel C. Do people with dementia and carers get what they need? Barriers in social care and carers needs assessments. DEMENTIA 2024; 23:550-566. [PMID: 38429248 PMCID: PMC11059843 DOI: 10.1177/14713012241237673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with dementia and unpaid carers need to go through a social care or carers needs assessment to access and receive subsidised or fully-funded social care. With no previous evidence, this qualitative study aimed to provide insights into the access to, experiences of receiving and conducting social care or carers needs assessments, and access to social care. METHODS Unpaid carers of people with dementia and professionals conducting social care or carers needs assessment living or working in England were interviewed remotely about their experiences between April and August 2023. Topic guides were co-produced with two unpaid carers, and both were supported to code anonymised transcripts. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. FINDINGS Twenty-seven unpaid carers (n = 21) and professionals (n = 6) participated. Four themes were generated: (1) Issues with accessing needs assessments, not the process; (2) Knowledge of needs assessments and the health and social care system; (3) Expectations of unpaid carers; and (4) Post-assessment unmet needs. The most prominent barriers unpaid carers and their relatives with dementia encountered were awareness of and access to needs assessment. Unpaid carers were mostly unaware of the existence and entitlement to a needs assessment, and sometimes realised they had participated in one without their knowledge. Professionals described the pressures on their time and the lack of financial resources within services. CONCLUSIONS To facilitate improved access to dementia care and support for carers, the pathway to accessing needs assessments needs to be clearer, with better integration and communication between health and social care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Giebel
- Clarissa Giebel, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Street, Waterhouse Building, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.
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Kurz A, Fischer IM, Dogan V, Kurz C. Self-help support: The Alzheimer's telephone from the user's perspective. GERMAN MEDICAL SCIENCE : GMS E-JOURNAL 2024; 22:Doc05. [PMID: 38883339 PMCID: PMC11176817 DOI: 10.3205/000331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Telephone counseling is an important form of support for informal carers of persons with dementia. The quality and benefit of this kind of service have rarely been evaluated in Germany. Methods We developed a survey to assess the quality of telephone counseling. We conducted an online survey among 201 users of the telephone hotline "Alzheimer-Telefon" (Alzheimer's telephone service) provided by the German Alzheimer's Association after the consultation. The aim of the study was to determine whether this form of telephone support meets certain quality criteria and the callers' needs. Results Of the 201 participants, 80% were female. The mean age of the callers was 51 years. 74% of cases were one-off consultations; 26% of the callers sought advice twice or more often. The most common reasons for calling included behavioral changes (45%) and finding a nursing home (41%). Other family members were significantly (p=0.036) more likely to seek local respite options. Based on the 201 online questionnaires evaluated, most callers were highly satisfied with the counseling services provided by the Alzheimer's telephone service. Those seeking advice were particularly satisfied with the appreciative and empathetic communication style of the advisors and their professional competence. This also applies to the accessibility of the telephone. More than three quarters were fully satisfied with the information they received. Almost half of the callers were sure that the advice would help to solve their issue. 14% of people seeking advice were uncertain about how to implement the suggested solutions.A further survey would be worthwhile to determine to what extent the topics of the consultation can be implemented. The feedback from relatives who use the Alzheimer's telephone repeatedly could be used for this purpose - the repetition rate is currently 25% and the trend is rising. Results could be interesting for successful counseling and for the development of further support services. Conclusion The telephone hotline is a useful component of dementia care in Germany and an important contribution to the National Dementia Strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kurz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Ina Maria Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Vildan Dogan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Kurz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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Castillo LIR, Tran V, Hadjistavropoulos T. Are mobile apps meeting the needs of caregivers of people living with dementia? An evaluation of existing apps for caregivers. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:577-586. [PMID: 36775643 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2177832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Informal caregivers of people living with dementia (ICPDs) experience stressors that can lead to adverse outcomes. Although apps for ICPDs are available, evidence to support their effectiveness is limited. This investigation was aimed at providing an evaluation of available apps for ICPDs. METHODS We conducted two studies: 1) search and evaluation of available apps; and 2) controlled trial of two apps identified in the Study 1 (NCT05217004). For Study 2, participants were randomly assigned to one of the two app-using groups or a control group. Outcome measures were administered before, post-intervention, and at a follow-up. Interviews with caregivers were conducted to examine their needs regarding the development of future apps. RESULTS Sixteen apps were examined in Study 1. Results suggest that the number and type of features present in each app may not be sufficient to address the multifaceted needs of ICPDs. In Study 2, contrary to expectation, we did not identify differences between the app-using and control conditions on our outcome measures. Participants noted several content and user-experience needs to consider in developing new apps. CONCLUSION Findings from the investigation can inform future developments of apps to address the needs of ICPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise I R Castillo
- Department of Psychology and Centre on Aging and Health, University of Regina, Regina, Canada
| | - Vivian Tran
- Department of Psychology and Centre on Aging and Health, University of Regina, Regina, Canada
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Samari E, Yuan Q, Zhang Y, Jeyagurunathan A, Subramaniam M. Barriers to using eHealth/mHealth platforms and perceived beneficial eHealth/mHealth platform features among informal carers of persons living with dementia: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:30. [PMID: 38184551 PMCID: PMC10771641 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04628-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New technologies have brought about a new age of technology-enabled aids that can equip informal carers with the relevant resources for better care. These include but are not limited to facilitating access to healthcare providers, knowledge of caring for persons living with dementia, and sources of support for carers' well-being. This qualitative study explores barriers to using eHealth/mHealth platforms and perceived beneficial eHealth/mHealth platform features among informal carers of persons living with dementia. METHODS An exploratory qualitative study design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 29 informal carers of persons living with dementia in Singapore recruited via convenience and snowball sampling. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. RESULTS The participants in this study identified several barriers to using eHealth/mHealth platforms, including personal preference, apprehension, poor user experience and lack of skills. On the other hand, knowledge of dementia, caring for persons living with dementia and self-care, a list of resources, social support, location monitoring and alert systems, and the ability to manage appointments and transactions were valuable features for eHealth/mHealth platforms. CONCLUSIONS Despite the underutilisation of eHealth/mHealth platforms, carers expressed a keen interest in using them if they are functional and capable of reducing their care burden. The findings from this study can contribute to developing content and features for eHealth/mHealth interventions aimed at lightening carers' burden in their day-to-day caring routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellaisha Samari
- Institute of Mental Health, Research Division, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore.
| | - Qi Yuan
- Institute of Mental Health, Research Division, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - YunJue Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Research Division, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Anitha Jeyagurunathan
- Institute of Mental Health, Research Division, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Institute of Mental Health, Research Division, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore
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Minaei-Moghadam S, Manzari ZS, Vaghee S, Mirhosseini S. Effectiveness of a supportive care program via a smartphone application on the quality of life and care burden among family caregivers of patients with major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:66. [PMID: 38166907 PMCID: PMC10762964 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of patients with major depressive disorder require care that has generally affected caregivers' lives. Providing care could cause negative experiences as a care burden and deteriorate quality of life. However, there is a lack of evidence about caregiver training-based informatics and its impact on the caregiver's life. METHODS This experimental study was carried out in Mashhad, Iran. A total of 60 primary family caregivers of patients with major depressive disorder were included in the study between February and July 2021. The quadruple block randomization method was used to allocate the participants into control and intervention groups. In the intervention group, family caregivers used the application with weekly phone calls for one month. The app contains the most important points of patient care and has the possibility of communicating with the nurse. The Novak and Guest Care Burden Inventory and the short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire were completed before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using chi-squared tests, independent sample t tests, and analysis of covariance. RESULTS At baseline, the mean scores of care burden and quality of life were homogeneous between the two groups. After the intervention, the mean scores of care burden and quality of life were significantly reduced and improved in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Using the application with the ability to communicate with the caregiver, along with educational support, helps to strengthen the relationship between the family caregiver and the nurse. Despite the effectiveness of the present intervention, before including this form of implementation of support in care programs, it is necessary to evaluate its other positive aspects in future studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20210202050222N1. Registered on 05/02/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Minaei-Moghadam
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Manzari
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Vaghee
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Tan YL, Lo YKJ, Ho CSH. Psychological and social impacts of frontotemporal dementia on caregivers and family members - A systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 86:33-49. [PMID: 38064912 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) may impose substantial psychological and social burdens on caregivers and family members that are unique from other forms of dementia due to its distinctive clinical characteristics. This systematic review investigated these impacts on caregivers and family members. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase databases for relevant articles published from database inception to 23 March 2023. The methodological quality of the articles was evaluated using a checklist. RESULTS Thirty-six articles (six qualitative and thirty quantitative), including 5129 participants, were included in this review. Like other forms of dementia, FTD caregivers had significant caregiver burden levels and psychological impacts. Caregiver burden was associated with behavioural symptoms (e.g., apathy and disinhibition) and motor symptoms. The costs of caring for a patient with FTD were found to be higher than those for Alzheimer's disease. FTD patients often face challenges in obtaining a correct diagnosis and experience significant delays and multiple misdiagnoses. Healthcare professionals may also be less familiar with FTD than with Alzheimer's, leading to delayed diagnosis. This can cause considerable stress and deprive patients and caregivers of early intervention. CONCLUSION FTD is associated with significant costs and caregiver burden levels, and the difficulties faced by caregivers and family members can be unique and challenging in different aspects when compared to other forms of dementia. Better education about FTD for family members and healthcare professionals is required to improve the quality of life for both patients and caregivers, and more support needs to be provided at all stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Yee Kai Jeffrey Lo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Su Hui Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
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Hudelmayer A, Zur Kammer K, Schütz J. [An app for informal care : User experiences and obstacles from the perspective of family caregivers]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 56:623-629. [PMID: 37855901 PMCID: PMC10709374 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-023-02249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A target group for digital services are people who are involved in informal care arrangements. Family caregivers often undertake the organization and coordination of care, which is associated with a high need for information. OBJECTIVE The study examined the extent to which family caregivers perceive the use of a mobile digital application as facilitating day to day care, in particular regarding information needs. MATERIAL AND METHODS A market-ready mobile smartphone app was used by 16 informal caregivers over several months. Qualitative interviews were conducted to investigate which app features are being used in real informal care situations and which are perceived as added value. The analysis was carried out with content analysis according to Kuckartz. RESULTS The app was sporadically used and satisfaction with the information it provides depends on the care situation itself. The participants see added value and facilitation through the app mainly at the beginning of a care situation. They expressed the wish for requirements that have not yet been integrated, e.g., regional information or individual adaptations. CONCLUSION For digital support options to develop the desired potential, those involved in informal care must be aware of them at an early stage. Further prerequisites for care apps to be perceived as added value by the target group are a trustworthy presentation of the contents, the customizability and that they are up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Hudelmayer
- Bayerisches Zentrum Pflege Digital, Hochschule Kempten, Albert-Einstein-Str. 6, 87437, Kempten (Allgäu), Deutschland.
| | - Kenneth Zur Kammer
- Bayerisches Zentrum Pflege Digital, Hochschule Kempten, Albert-Einstein-Str. 6, 87437, Kempten (Allgäu), Deutschland
| | - Johanna Schütz
- Bayerisches Zentrum Pflege Digital, Hochschule Kempten, Albert-Einstein-Str. 6, 87437, Kempten (Allgäu), Deutschland
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Cariñanos-Ayala S, Zarandona J, Durán-Sáenz I, Arrue M. Identifying undergraduate nurses´ learning requirements and teaching strategies in dementia care education: A nominal group technique. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 71:103711. [PMID: 37467601 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Identify priorities and reach a consensus on student nurses´ learning requirements and the best-suited teaching strategies in dementia care. BACKGROUND Dementia has become a global health priority. Nurses are primary service providers for people with dementia, but they may fall short on professional training. Nursing curricula still lacks a clear educational framework for dementia, meaning that nurse educators must make decisions amidst uncertainty. DESIGN Nominal group technique based on the conceptual framework proposed by Van de Ven and Delbecq (1972). METHODS A structured face-to-face meeting convened in November 2021 involved nine participants who were directly involved in dementia care. The steps in the technique were (a) idea generation, (b) round-robin recording, (c) discussion, (d) voting and ranking, (e) discussion on the vote and (f) re-ranking. Participants answered two nominal questions. Consent, anonymity, feedback and iteration were guaranteed throughout the process. RESULTS The nominal group prioritized theoretical understanding of dementia, communication, caregivers´ needs, comprehensive assessment and ethical practice as learning requirements for nursing students. The outstanding teaching strategy discussed included various approaches to experiential learning. CONCLUSIONS The nominal group technique process explored learning requirement priorities for student nurses within a specific context. Participants discussed experiential learning as the best-suited teaching strategy. Findings could support nurse educators to design and deliver better dementia education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Cariñanos-Ayala
- Basque Nurse Education Research Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, c/ Isabel Orbe s/n, 01002 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Vitoria-Gasteiz Nursing School, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Jose Atxotegi s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Jagoba Zarandona
- Basque Nurse Education Research Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, c/ Isabel Orbe s/n, 01002 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Vitoria-Gasteiz Nursing School, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Jose Atxotegi s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Iván Durán-Sáenz
- Basque Nurse Education Research Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, c/ Isabel Orbe s/n, 01002 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Vitoria-Gasteiz Nursing School, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Jose Atxotegi s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Marta Arrue
- Department of Nursing II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Department of Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Hevink M, Wolfs C, Ponds R, Doucet S, McAiney C, Vedel I, Maćkowiak M, Rymaszewska J, Rait G, Robinson L, Poole M, Gresham M, Jeon YH, Phillipson L, Low LF, Brodaty H, de Vugt M, Verhey F. Experiences of people with dementia and informal caregivers with post-diagnostic support: Data from the international COGNISANCE study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5916. [PMID: 37132330 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aims to describe people with dementia and informal caregivers' respective experiences of support after diagnosis and compares these experiences. Additionally, we determine how people with dementia and informal caregivers who are satisfied with support differ from those dissatisfied. METHODS A cross-sectional survey study in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Poland, and United Kingdom was carried out to examine people with dementia and informal caregivers experience with support (satisfaction with information, access to care, health literacy, and confidence in ability to live well with dementia). The separate surveys contained closed questions. Analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. RESULTS Ninety people with dementia and 300 informal caregivers participated, and 69% of people with dementia and 67% of informal caregivers said support after diagnosis helped them deal more efficiently with their concerns. Up to one-third of people with dementia and informal caregivers were dissatisfied with information about management, prognosis, and strategies for living positively. Few people with dementia (22%) and informal caregivers (35%) received a care plan. People with dementia were more often satisfied with information, had more often confidence in their ability to live well with dementia, and were less often satisfied with access to care compared to informal caregivers. Informal caregivers who were satisfied with support were more satisfied with information and access to care compared to informal caregivers not satisfied with support. CONCLUSIONS Experience of dementia support can be improved and people with dementia and informal caregiver differ in their experiences of support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Hevink
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Wolfs
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf Ponds
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shelley Doucet
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, The Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Carrie McAiney
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo and Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabelle Vedel
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Maćkowiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Greta Rait
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marie Poole
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Meredith Gresham
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yun-Hee Jeon
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lyn Phillipson
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lee-Fay Low
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjolein de Vugt
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Merchán-Baeza JA, Borralleras Andreu C, Minobes-Molina E, Grau Carrión S, Romero-Mas M, Ramon-Aribau A. Co-created Technological Solutions for Caregivers in Health Care: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e41260. [PMID: 37126384 PMCID: PMC10186187 DOI: 10.2196/41260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Support interventions for caregivers can reduce their stress, possibly improving the quality of patients' care while reducing care costs. Technological solutions have been designed to cover their needs, but there are some challenges in making them truly functional for end users. Co-design approaches present important opportunities for engaging diverse populations to help ensure that technological solutions are inclusive and accessible. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify co-created technological solutions, as well as the process followed for their co-creation, in the field of health for caregivers. METHODS The literature review was conducted in the Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Scielo, and IEEE Xplore databases. The inclusion criteria were studies written in English or Spanish and with a publication date until May 2021. The content had to specify that the caregivers actively participated in the co-creation process, which covered until the development phase of the technological solution (prototype). The level of evidence and the methodological quality were analyzed when possible, using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, version 2018, respectively. RESULTS In total, 410 papers were identified, and 11 met the eligibility criteria. The most predominant articles were mixed methods studies and qualitative studies. The technology used in the analyzed articles were mobile or web applications (9 studies) and specific devices such as sensors, cameras, or alarm systems (2 studies) to support the health and social aspects of caregivers and improve their education in care. The most common patient profile was older people (7 studies); 6 studies used co-creation in the requirements phase, 6 studies detailed the design phase. In 9 studies, the prototype was iteratively refined in the development phase, and the validation phase was performed in 5 of the reviewed studies. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests that existing co-created technological solutions in the field of health for caregivers are mostly mobile or web applications to support caregivers' social health and well-being and improve their health knowledge when delivering care to patients, especially older people. As for the co-creation process, caregivers are particularly involved during development and in the design. The scarce literature found indicates that further research with higher methodological quality is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Merchán-Baeza
- Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Cristina Borralleras Andreu
- Digital Care Research Group, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Eduard Minobes-Molina
- Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Sergi Grau Carrión
- Digital Care Research Group, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Montse Romero-Mas
- Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Anna Ramon-Aribau
- Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
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Rommerskirch-Manietta M, Manietta C, Purwins D, Roes M. Counseling regarding the care of people with dementia with a focus on §7a SGB XI in Germany: a "gray-shaded" scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37046266 PMCID: PMC10091840 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care counseling is an important psychosocial intervention for people with care needs and their relatives and can contribute to maintaining and/or improving a patient's quality of life and reducing the burden of caregivers. This is especially the case for people with dementia and their relatives, in which the methods of care counseling need to be different than those for individuals with non-dementia related care needs. Furthermore, the counseling content needs to be adjusted to the specific form and stage of dementia. In Germany, every person who receives support per the German Social Law Book XI (SBG XI) can take advantage of care counseling according to §7a SGB XI. To date, there is no systematic overview of counseling services for people with dementia and their relatives related to this specific provision in Germany. METHODS We conducted a gray-shaded scoping review with a focus on the evaluation of care counseling according to §7a SGB XI for people with dementia and their relatives. For this purpose, we applied five search strategies. We researched (1) national electronic databases, (2) Google, (3) targeted websites, (4) experts, and (5) academic electronic databases. Additionally, for the included gray literature, we conducted backward citation tracking via reference lists and forward citation tracking via Google Scholar for scientific articles. Screening of the identified potentially relevant records was performed independently by two reviewers. RESULTS We identified 985 records and included 6 studies in our review. We divided the identified studies into three themes: understanding conceptual dimensions, digitalization of counseling, and understanding the perspective of those being counseled. No studies investigated the perspective and experience of people with dementia and their relatives regarding the counseling service according to §7a SGB XI. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that further research is needed, especially regarding the experience of people with dementia and their relatives who participated in counseling according to §7a SGB XI. It seems essential to understand the perspective of people with dementia and their relatives to improve and tailor counseling services in Germany. REGISTRATION The review protocol was prospectively published (BMJ Open 12:e059771, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Rommerskirch-Manietta
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany.
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany.
| | - Christina Manietta
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany
| | - Daniel Purwins
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany
| | - Martina Roes
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, School of Nursing Science, Witten, Germany
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Sonntag J, Schwaizer C, Kreyer C. [Support needs of caregivers of people with dementia: An integrative literature review]. Pflege 2023; 36:77-86. [PMID: 36416381 DOI: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Support needs of caregivers of people with dementia: An integrative literature review Abstract: Background: Family caregivers are of great importance in the home care for people with dementia. The care and related stress can have a negative impact on their health. The CSNAT (German: KOMMA) is an approach to support family caregivers in palliative home care that could be used for this group of people. Aim: The aim was to identify support needs for caregivers of people with dementia in the literature and compare these with those that formed the basis for the development of the KOMMA approach. Method: We performed an integrative review. Literature research was conducted in February and March 2021 in the MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycInfo databases. Relevant studies were identified and assessed using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using MAXQDA, the data were assigned to categories with a content analytic procedure. Results: 23 studies were included that had been published with peer review procedure. Compared to the KOMMA approach, family caregivers show divergent support needs in the areas of (in)formal assistance, access to knowledge, managing physical and mental health conditions, maintaining the relationship, (temporarily) relinquishing the caregiving role and social integration. Conclusion: The KOMMA tool for identifying support needs cannot be directly adopted for this group of caregivers in its present form. However, given the richness of identified support needs, the development of a person-centered and needs-oriented assessment seems important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sonntag
- Departement für Pflegewissenschaft und Gerontologie, UMIT TIROL - Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften und -technologie, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
| | - Claudia Schwaizer
- Departement für Pflegewissenschaft und Gerontologie, UMIT TIROL - Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften und -technologie, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
| | - Christiane Kreyer
- Departement für Pflegewissenschaft und Gerontologie, UMIT TIROL - Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften und -technologie, Hall in Tirol, Österreich
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De Sola H, Failde I, Estalella I, Maquibar A. Becoming a secondary actor of one's own life: A qualitative study of the experiences of informal caregivers in the care of people with chronic pain. Health Expect 2022; 26:409-418. [PMID: 36480488 PMCID: PMC9854326 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The physical limitations experienced by people with chronic pain (CP) produce a greater need for care and assistance, most of which is provided by an informal caregiver (IC). Despite the key role ICs play in the everyday lives of individuals living with CP, knowledge about their experiences and needs is limited. We aimed to address this limitation by exploring the experiences of IC of people with CP. METHODS This is a qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews. Participants were 12 ICs purposively chosen from the Unit of Pain at the University Hospital in Cádiz. Individual interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed following thematic analysis. RESULTS We developed one overarching theme 'Becoming a secondary actor of one's own life' and three themes: 1. Key elements that shape a caregiver's experiences; 2. It's the hand that life dealt me; 3. The burden of being a caregiver and coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings highlight how the CP impacts IC lives. Being an IC for a relative with CP became the most important role in the IC's life, to the point of casting a shadow over their own needs. Besides, participants felt not having other options but to keep going with that role. Yet, the context was essential in shaping the experiences as caregivers and the burden derived from caregiving. In this line, differences related to gender roles were found in the narratives of participant women and men. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Participants were purposively chosen from the Unit of Pain at the University Hospital 'Puerta del Mar' who attended the consultation accompanying their relatives. All the eligible participants were approached by the clinician. After this initial approach by the clinician, one of the researchers met the potential participant and they went to a quieter place in a clinical setting for the interview, before which the participant was shown a letter with more comprehensive information about the study and its aim. The participants were left alone to read and think carefully before giving their written informed consent. Participation was voluntary and the subjects received no financial contribution for their time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena De Sola
- The Observatory of PainUniversity of CádizCádizSpain,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research UnitPuerta del Mar University Hospital, University of CádizCádizSpain,Preventive Medicine and Public Health AreaUniversity of CádizCádizSpain
| | - Inmaculada Failde
- The Observatory of PainUniversity of CádizCádizSpain,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research UnitPuerta del Mar University Hospital, University of CádizCádizSpain,Preventive Medicine and Public Health AreaUniversity of CádizCádizSpain
| | - Itziar Estalella
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUBizkaiaLeioaSpain
| | - Amaia Maquibar
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUBizkaiaLeioaSpain
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Tu J, Li H, Ye B, Liao J. The trajectory of family caregiving for older adults with dementia: difficulties and challenges. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6872692. [PMID: 36469090 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the main source of informal care in China, family members bear a tremendous caregiving burden, particularly in relation to older people with dementia (PwDs). However, the continuous caregiving trajectory of family caregivers was unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the trajectory of PwDs' family caregivers' struggles from home care to institutional care, and identify the common tipping points leading to institutional care from their perspectives. METHODS An ethnographic study was conducted in a long-term care institution in Chengdu, China, from 2019 to 2020. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 13 family members (i.e. 5 spouses and 8 adult children) of older PwDs during family caregivers' visits. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, after which the transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The family caregivers' experiences before and after the PwDs' institutionalization fell into two distinctive parts, and three subthemes about their caregiving experiences in each period were identified: the mental stress, the physical care burden, and the social and emotional pressure connected to home-based care; the moral pressure and emotional torment, the financial burden, and new worries after institutionalization. The tipping points in between the two stages were major changes or incidents related to the PwDs' status. Variations in the spouse and older children's care experiences also emerged. CONCLUSION Our study provides a nuanced analysis of the trajectory of family caregiving for PwDs. The plight of family caregivers at all stages should be recognized and supported with adequate medical and social resources, with a further consideration of the caregivers' relationships with the older PwDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Tu
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Law School of Chengdu University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Bei Ye
- Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liao
- Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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22
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Dyadic relationship, carer role, and resources: a theory-driven thematic analysis of interviews with informal carers focusing on the stability of home-based care arrangements for people living with dementia. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:908. [PMID: 36437442 PMCID: PMC9703724 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03618-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most people with dementia live at home and are supported by informal carers. During the care trajectory, the creation of a stable care situation is a guiding principle of informal carers, who often manage complex care arrangements. A recently developed theory - 'Stability of home-based care arrangements for people living with dementia' (SoCA-Dem) - conceptualises how such care arrangements develop over time, and it highlights the relevance of the dyadic relationship, carer role, and resources with regard to the continuation of home-based care throughout the course of dementia. To further explore these three concepts, and to provide feedback for a further refinement of SoCA-Dem theory, this study aims to gain a deeper understanding of (1) how informal carers perceive their dyadic relationship, their carer role, and the resources of the care arrangement, and (2) how these concepts are interrelated. METHODS This study was a secondary data analysis of n = 11 problem-centred interviews. Data were interpreted by a thematic qualitative text analysis. RESULTS The findings distinguished subthemes within the concepts and uncovered their interrelations. The kinship relation, living situation and character of the dyadic relationship shaped informal carers' self-conception of the carer role. This influenced the integration of resources into the care arrangement. Conversely, the quantity and quality of informal and formal support resulted in a feeling of relief or overload in the carer role, that shaped the informal carers' way of living their dyadic relationship. The respective forming of the concepts had a significant impact with regard to the perceived stability or instability of the care situation in the examined care arrangements. CONCLUSIONS This study provided valuable evidence for future research alignment and targeted refinement of the SoCA-Dem theory. Scholars should further explore the specifics of spousal versus parent-child-dyads to better understand the dyads' diverse strategies in the creation of stable home-based care arrangements. Furthermore, future research should focus on the complex dynamics of dyads, family networks, and service providers, and all actors' perspectives should be integrated in SoCA-Dem theory. Based on this growing knowledge base, innovative care interventions and structures should be developed to support people with dementia and their informal carers in better living and caring in the place of their choice.
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23
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Robertson KJ, Thyne M, Matheson I. Barriers and facilitators of using dementia community support services provided by an Alzheimers organisation: Perceptions of informal caregivers receiving services. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:2353-2361. [PMID: 35302267 PMCID: PMC10078713 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Known barriers prevent informal caregivers of a person with dementia using community services; however, there is a dearth of knowledge on how organisations can overcome these barriers. This study examined caregivers' perceptions of the barriers and facilitators of service use with regards to their membership to one Alzheimers organisation and their recommendations for improvements. In-depth interviews were conducted with 19 informal caregivers. Thematic analysis revealed personal and organisational barriers to service use, and associated recommendations. Six recommendations were made for dementia service organisations: (a) be proactive and arrange regular scheduled meetings with clients; (b) utilise consistent, trusting, empathic support personnel who can build strong relationships with clients; (c) provide support groups; (d) tailor support; (e) ensure expert knowledge and numerous channels of information delivery to clients, the general public and health professionals and (f) actively promote the organisation and services offered. This study provides novel insights into how a community organisation can overcome client barriers to service use. In addition, the study reveals caregivers perceived value of an Alzheimers organisation, argued to be an essential service, but until now clients' perceptions of the value received have not been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maree Thyne
- Department of MarketingUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Ivanna Matheson
- Department of MarketingUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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24
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Sullivan MP, Williams V, Grillo A, McKee-Jackson R, Camic PM, Windle G, Stott J, Brotherhood E, Crutch SJ. Peer support for people living with rare or young onset dementia: An integrative review. DEMENTIA 2022; 21:2700-2726. [PMID: 36114712 PMCID: PMC9583292 DOI: 10.1177/14713012221126368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this integrative review was to identify and synthesize the
literature on peer support interventions for people living with or caring
for someone with a rare or young onset dementia. Design A literature search of articles was performed using the Nipissing University
Primo search system, a central index that enables simultaneous searches
across databases which included MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, PsycINFO,
CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, Cochrane Library. Results The eleven papers that met the inclusion criteria spanned eighteen years and
from five countries. Studies reported on peer support programs that were
either hospital-based (n = 6) or community-based (n = 4), and were
predominantly led by disciplines in the health sciences. Only one study did
not involve delivering services. There was a range of methodological quality
within the studies included in the review. Further analysis and synthesis
led to the identification of three overarching peer support themes. These
included: (1) peers as necessarily part of social support interventions; (2)
a theoretical portmanteau; and (3) dementia spaces and relationality. Conclusion Consistent with a much larger body of work examining peer involvement in
social interventions, this review reinforced the valuable contribution of
peers. A full understanding of the mechanisms of change was not achieved.
Notwithstanding, the issue of studies neglecting to sufficiently
conceptualize and describe interventions is an important one – drawing
attention to the need to continue to explore varied delivery, including
co-produced models, and more effective evaluation strategies to inform the
dementia care sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Pat Sullivan
- Faculty of Education and Professional Studies, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Veronika Williams
- Faculty of Education and Professional Studies, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Adetola Grillo
- Faculty of Education and Professional Studies, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Roberta McKee-Jackson
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul M Camic
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gill Windle
- Ageing and Dementia @ Bangor, Dementia Services Development Centre (DSDC), School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Joshua Stott
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emily Brotherhood
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
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25
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Contreras M, Mioshi E, Kishita N. What are the educational and support needs of family carers looking after someone in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease? A qualitative retrospective approach. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:1726-1734. [PMID: 34423504 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to identify the educational and support needs of family carers of people with dementia in the early stages of dementia by employing a qualitative approach with retrospective semi-structured interviews with family carers of people in the later stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted via telephone or Microsoft Teams video call. Purposive sampling was used to recruit twelve family carers of people with moderate or severe AD. An interview guide was used to explore the retrospective views of the carer's educational and support needs in the early stages of AD. The interviews were audio-recorded transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Three overarching themes were identified. Theme 1 highlighted that family carers experienced frequent and overwhelming need to fulfil a family obligation and feelings of guilt to seek help, which acted as barriers to seeking support, in the early stages. In theme 2, family carers rarely received support in the early stages and available resources were limited to self-help materials. Finally, in Theme 3, family carers wanted to receive interpersonal tailored support to seek practical advice and to learn psychological skills to build resilience in the early stages to overcome emotional challenges. The development of interventions that are specifically designed for family carers in the early stages is critical. The key components to be considered for future interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Contreras
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Eneida Mioshi
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Naoko Kishita
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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The Impact of Mobile Phone Reminders on Perceived Self-Care Levels of Informal Caregivers. INFORMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/informatics9030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Informal caregivers play a fundamental role in caring for people that need assistance and provide an effective service in managing their loved ones’ health. Because of this, they have little time to attend to themselves and perform self-care practices. Some of these practices can improve mental health. By snowball sampling, we recruited 15 informal caregivers, 12 females and three males. Using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, we analyzed the impact of the reminders on a self-care scale. We used the Mindful Self-Care Scale, comparing the same population without reminders and with reminders. Results indicated that total self-care scores with reminders increased statistically significantly, T = 13, Z = −2.481, p ≤ 0.013, with a large effect size (r = 0.64). This study shows a significant self-care increase in informal caregivers after using reminders. Future development of a reminders-based approach could focus on increasing self-care and the time caregivers take for themselves, empowering them to take a more active role in meeting their own needs.
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27
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Atkinson T, Bray J, Williamson T. 'You're in a new game and you don't know the rules: Preparing carers to care'. DEMENTIA 2022; 21:2128-2143. [PMID: 35801283 PMCID: PMC9483701 DOI: 10.1177/14713012221112242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim Being an informal carer for a person living with dementia can be a demanding role which
can have detrimental effects on personal well-being and affect a person’s ability to
provide care for their loved one. This evaluation of support courses, offered by a
leading UK charity dedicated to dementia family carers, highlights the impact of
training to support the caring role. Setting Participants completed booklets at the training venue and subsequently online or by
post. Interviews with participants took place by telephone. Participants: 84
participants completed booklets containing measures which generated quantitative data
whilst 19 family carers participated in qualitative telephone interviews. Design A mixed methods approach was taken using booklets of validated measures to capture
quantitative data, including capture of demographic information, together with
semi-structured interviews conducted by telephone which were recorded, transcribed and
subsequently analysed using thematic analysis. Results Overall, both the quantitative and qualitative analysis demonstrate that attending the
carers support courses had a positive impact on carers with improvements being
maintained over time. Outcomes indicated that carers generally remained in a better
physical, mental and emotional situation than that experienced before the course. Conclusion Being prepared for the trajectory of the caring role when providing care for a person
living with dementia can help informal carers to be better prepared, better supported
and better informed. Evidence gained from this evaluation demonstrates the impact of the
courses and adds to the current weak evidence base relating to dementia courses aimed at
preparing carers to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Atkinson
- The Association for Dementia Studies, 8709University of Worcester, UK
| | - Jennifer Bray
- The Association for Dementia Studies, 8709University of Worcester, UK
| | - Tracey Williamson
- 1507Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK; 8709University of Worcester, UK
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Kinchin I, Edwards L, Adrion E, Chen Y, Ashour A, Leroi I, Brugulat‐Serrat A, Phillips J, Masterson F, Kochovska S. Care partner needs of people with neurodegenerative disorders: What are the needs, and how well do the current assessment tools capture these needs? A systematic meta-review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37:10.1002/gps.5764. [PMID: 35665539 PMCID: PMC9328373 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The burden on care partners, particularly once dementia emerges, is among the greatest of all caregiving groups. This meta-review aimed to (1) synthesis evidence on the self-reported needs of care partners supporting people living with neurodegenerative disorders; (2) compare the needs according to care partner and care recipient characteristics; and (3) determine the face validity of existing care partner needs assessment tools. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of reviews involving a thematic synthesis of care partner needs and differences in needs according to demographic and other characteristics. We then conducted a gap analysis by identifying the themes of needs from existing needs assessment tools specific to dementia and cross-matching them with the needs derived from the thematic synthesis. RESULTS Drawing on 17 published reviews, the identified range of needs fell into four key themes: (1) knowledge and information, (2) physical, social and emotional support, (3) care partner self-care, and (4) care recipient needs. Needs may differ according to disease trajectory, relationship to the care recipient, and the demographic characteristics of the care partner and recipient. The 'captured needs' range between 8% and 66% across all the included needs assessment tools. CONCLUSIONS Current tools do not fully or adequately capture the self-identified needs of care partners of people living with neurodegenerative disorders. Given the high burden on care partners, which has been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2) pandemic, the needs assessment tools should align with the self-reported needs of care partners throughout the caregiving trajectory to better understand unmet needs and target supportive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kinchin
- Centre for Health Policy and ManagementTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of Dublin/University of California San FranciscoDublinIreland
- Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT) CentreUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Layla Edwards
- Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT) CentreUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Emily Adrion
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of Dublin/University of California San FranciscoDublinIreland
- Global Health Policy Unit, Social PolicyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Yaohua Chen
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of Dublin/University of California San FranciscoDublinIreland
- Univ.Lille, Inserm UMR‐S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive DisordersDepartment of GeriatricsCHU Lille, LiCENDLilleFrance
| | - Aya Ashour
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of Dublin/University of California San FranciscoDublinIreland
- Department of NeurologyAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Iracema Leroi
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of Dublin/University of California San FranciscoDublinIreland
| | - Anna Brugulat‐Serrat
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of Dublin/University of California San FranciscoDublinIreland
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC)Pasqual Maragall FoundationBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM)BarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES)MadridSpain
| | - Jane Phillips
- Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT) CentreUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNew South WalesAustralia
- School of NursingQueensland University of TechnologyBrsibaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Fiona Masterson
- Family Carers Ireland Research Advisory NetworkDublinIreland
| | - Slavica Kochovska
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and HealthUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
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Queluz FNFR, de Santis L, Moran VE, Cortez PA, dos Santos AAA. Evidence of internal validity of the social skills inventory for caregivers (SSI-CE) in Brazil. INTERPERSONA: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022. [DOI: 10.5964/ijpr.6281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With population aging, it is important to develop studies on psychological skills that can facilitate the task of caregivers of a dependent older adult. The Social Skills Inventory for Caregivers of the Elderly (SSI-CE) is an assessment tool for this purpose. Even considering that the instrument already has evidence of validity, the aim of this study is to seek additional evidence of validity for the SSI-CE. To this end, 533 family caregivers of older adults with an average age of 49.7 years were investigated by responding to the following instruments: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Brazil Economic Classification Criteria, and SSI-CE. Initially, two factor models for the SSI-CE were compared (second-order and bifactor models). Then, analyses were performed for measurement invariance and sample heterogeneity of the SSI-CE in relation to the variables age, gender, presence of dementia in the elderly care receiver, and type of data collection (online or in-person). Finally, the instrument's reliability values were checked. After comparing the models, the second-order model was the most appropriate, as it displayed reliability values ranging from ω = 0.66 to ω = 0.89. In invariance analysis, variability was found for sample heterogeneity in the variables gender, presence of dementia, and type of data collection. In conclusion, the calculation of a global score for the SSI-CE is pertinent, with good evidence of internal validity. However, specific rules should be established, considering different sample characteristics.
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Messina A, Amati R, Albanese E, Fiordelli M. Help-Seeking in Informal Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: A Qualitative Study with iSupport as a Case in Point. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7504. [PMID: 35742751 PMCID: PMC9224309 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Supportive measures and training interventions can improve the care of people with dementia and reduce the burden on informal caregivers, whose needs remain largely unmet. iSupport is an evidence-based online intervention developed by the World Health Organization to provide support and self-guided education to informal family caregivers of people with dementia. This qualitative study explored barriers and facilitators in the access and use of supportive measures for family caregivers of people with dementia living in Southern Switzerland (Ticino). We conducted five focus groups and explored experiences, beliefs, and attitudes toward seeking help (SH), and used thematic analysis to identify key themes. Participants (N = 13) reported a general reluctance to SH. We identified four main barriers to SH: high level of burden; sense of duty; fear of being misunderstood by others; and difficulty in reaching information. We also identified facilitators of help seeking behaviors and unveiled the need of caregivers to be assisted by a dementia case manager to facilitate access to support resources. Local services and interventions should be adapted to caregivers' needs and expectations, with the aim of facilitating the acceptance of, access to, and service integration of existing and future support measures, including iSupport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Messina
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (R.A.); (E.A.); (M.F.)
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Primary and Secondary Caregivers of People with Dementia (PwD): Differential Patterns and Implications for Psychological Support. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10061102. [PMID: 35742153 PMCID: PMC9222750 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little attention has been paid to identifying the differential characteristics of primary and secondary dementia caregivers. The aims of this study were: to determine whether differences exist between primary and secondary caregivers of people with dementia (PwD) and to explore the profile of primary and secondary caregivers reporting symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. The participants were 146 caregivers of PwD, 73 primary caregivers and 73 secondary caregivers. The results revealed different patterns for each type of caregiver. Primary caregivers showed a more negative profile in terms of poorer self-rated health and higher levels of anxiety and depression: 61.6% of primary and 42.5% of secondary caregivers reported symptoms of anxiety, and 24.7% and 11% reported depression, respectively. The frequency of problem behavior, subjective burden, health, and the comorbidity between anxiety and depression were associated with depression and anxiety among primary caregivers, whereas gender (being a woman), subjective burden, health, and the comorbidity between anxiety and depression were associated among secondary caregivers. These findings may help to guide professionals in targeting psychological support programs and customizing the strategies and skills that need to be provided in accordance with the type of caregiver in question: primary or secondary. The practical implications of the findings are discussed.
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Wie kann eine assistierte Technologie pflegende Angehörige im Pflegealltag unterstützen? Ergebnisse einer Machbarkeitsstudie zur App Liv. HEILBERUFESCIENCE 2022; 13:162-170. [PMID: 35668717 PMCID: PMC9156615 DOI: 10.1007/s16024-022-00371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Aufgrund der älter werdenden Bevölkerung und der Zunahme von Menschen mit chronischen Erkrankungen im Alter, steigt die Zahl der pflegenden Angehörigen sowie deren Wert für die Versorgung. Dabei agieren sie meist ohne Vorerfahrungen im Bereich der Versorgung, haben begrenztes Verständnis für das Gesundheitssystem und erfüllen die Aufgabe neben der Bewältigung des eigenen Alltags. Daher gewinnen technische Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten wie die App Liv (entwickelt im Projekt münster.land.leben) an Bedeutung. Ziel der App Liv ist die Verbesserung der digitalen Gesundheitskompetenz der vulnerablen Gruppe der pflegenden Angehörigen in Deutschland. Ziel der Arbeit (Fragestellung) Ziel dieser Studie war, einen Prototyp der App Liv partizipativ mit pflegenden Angehörigen zu testen und das Konzept der App weiterzuentwickeln. Material und Methoden Mit 10 pflegenden Angehörigen wurden unter Zuhilfenahme eines Prototyps der App qualitative online Interviews geführt, mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Ergebnisse Die pflegenden Angehörigen bewerteten das Layout und die Einfachheit der Funktionen insgesamt positiv. Als Voraussetzung für die Nutzung betonten die Interviewten die Einfachheit der Anwendung und eine Vielfalt an Dokumentationsmöglichkeiten. Erweiterungsvorschläge erfolgten in den Bereichen Spezifizierung der Aktivitäten, Hinzufügung von weiteren Kommunikationsformen, Reminder oder Bestätigungen für erledigte oder zu erledigende Aufgaben, Verweis auf weiterführende Informationen, Verknüpfung mit anderen digitalen Systemen und Hinterlegung wichtiger Dokumente. Diskussion Aus Sicht der Betroffenen stößt die App auf eine Versorgungslücke. Auf Grundlage der Vorschläge der Interviewteilnehmerinnen werden 6 Erweiterungen für die App diskutiert. Um die App nicht zu überfrachten, müssen diese in einer weiteren Studie auf ihre Nützlichkeit getestet werden.
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Marani H, Allin S. Collecting Information on Caregivers’ Financial Well-Being: A Document Review of Federal Surveys in Canada. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:2033-2044. [PMID: 35599593 PMCID: PMC9434210 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221099279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Population-based surveys conducted by governments inform strategies concerning emergent
areas of policy interest. One such area is unpaid caregiving in the context of an aging
population. In the Canadian and global contexts, research suggests a need for public
financial support to mitigate financial risks of caregiving. In this document analysis, we
reviewed 17 federal surveys since 2005 to understand how caregiving-related information is
captured. We found that caregiving-related questions were largely derived from two
surveys, the General Social Survey and the Canadian Community Health Survey. However, gaps
exist concerning questions related to estimates of private care expenditure, and the
impacts of older adult caregiving across domains of financial risk (income, productivity,
and healthcare utilization). Addressing these gaps, either through revising existing
surveys or a new national survey on unpaid caregiving, may improve meaningful assessments
about risks and impacts of caregiving, which may better inform public strategies that
offset these risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husayn Marani
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Allin
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Mueller A, Thao L, Condon O, Liebzeit D, Fields B. A Systematic Review of the Needs of Dementia Caregivers Across Care Settings. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10848223211056928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The U.S. population of older adults living with dementia is projected to double by 2060. They rely on over 16 million family and unpaid caregivers to provide for their increasingly complex needs and care transitions. Caregivers frequently feel underprepared and without adequate support or access to resources. This systematic review seeks to identify the needs of family and unpaid caregivers of older adults living with dementia across various care settings in the U.S. A systematic search was conducted to identify articles pertaining to the needs of caregivers of older adults living with dementia. The data extraction tool was developed using aspects from the Care Transitions Framework and the Family Caregiver Alliance. Data were organized based on 3 domains of caregiver needs and the care setting(s) of the older adults living with dementia and their caregivers. A total of 31 articles were eligible for inclusion. The majority met the MMAT screening criteria, but more than half only met 2 or less of the 5 quality criteria. Caregivers’ needs were identified in the care settings of home/community-residing, assisted living, long-term care, skilled nursing, and memory care. Most articles either did not specify a care setting or included more than 1 and did not report the findings separately. Caregivers in each care setting, except memory care, identified needs in all 3 of the following domains: (1) social support—formal and informal, (2) confidence, competence, and strengths in the caregiving role, and (3) values and preferences.
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Mansfield E, Cameron EC, Boyes AW, Carey ML, Nair B, Hall AE, Sanson-Fisher RW. Prevalence and type of unmet needs experienced by carers of people living with dementia. Aging Ment Health 2022; 27:904-910. [PMID: 35356837 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2053833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Carers of people with dementia experience significant physical, emotional, and social burdens. Needs assessment can provide important information to assist services in providing support to carers to reduce these burdens. However, few studies have examined the prevalence of unmet needs experienced by carers of people with dementia using a quantitative instrument. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and type of unmet needs experienced by carers of people with dementia in Australia. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey of carers providing support to community-dwelling individuals living with dementia. Carers were recruited through geriatric clinics, aged care providers, support services and community organisations. Consenting carers completed a survey including an 80-item study-specific unmet needs instrument for carers (UNI-C) and sociodemographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics were used to identify the most prevalent unmet needs reported by carers. RESULTS A total of 169 carers (response rate 47%) completed the survey. Most (87%) carers reported at least one unmet need. Carers reported a median of 16.0 (IQR = 24.0; max = 58) out of a possible 80 unmet needs. The most frequently endorsed unmet needs spanned a range of areas including emotional wellbeing, accessing health and aged care services, managing apathy, and finding information. CONCLUSION This study highlighted that a large proportion of carers experience unmet needs associated with caring for someone with dementia. Developing and rigorously testing interventions to meet carers' commonly reported unmet needs are warranted. UNLABELLED Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2022.2053833 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Mansfield
- Health Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Emilie C Cameron
- Health Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Allison W Boyes
- Health Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Mariko L Carey
- Health Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Balakrishnan Nair
- Hunter New England Local Health District, New Lambton Heights, John Hunter Hospital, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health (Medical Education and Professional Development), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Alix E Hall
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
| | - Rob W Sanson-Fisher
- Health Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Competência do cuidar e seu impacto na qualidade de vida de cuidadores. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Podgorski CA, Anderson SD, Parmar J. A Biopsychosocial-Ecological Framework for Family-Framed Dementia Care. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:744806. [PMID: 34975562 PMCID: PMC8718405 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.744806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The biopsychosocial model has been applied through collaborative care dementia models to the diagnosis, symptom management, and treatment of dementia with a focus specifically on the person with dementia. Because individuals with dementia are increasingly dependent upon others particularly as the illness advances, dementia care requires the involvement and commitment of others, usually family, along with support from community-based resources. Hence, the quality and effectiveness of a person's dementia care are shaped in large part by the foundation of family relationships and the social and community networks in which they are embedded. While most current dementia care models incorporate biopsychosocial principles and recognize the essential role that family members play as caregivers, they fail to consider a patient's family system and relationships as potential risk factors or social determinants for care outcomes. This paper introduces a biopsychosocial-ecological framework to dementia care that is person-centered and "family-framed" in that it targets factors that influence care considerations at both the individual and relational levels of the social ecological networks that the patient and their family members occupy. We use this model to illustrate how current dementia care practices tend to focus exclusively on the individual patient and caregiver levels but fail to identify and address important relational considerations that cut across levels. We call for the need to add assessment of family relational histories of persons with dementia and family members who care for them in order to better meet the needs of the patient and the caregiver and to prevent harm. This model accentuates the need for interprofessional education on family assessments and caregiver-centered care, as well as interdisciplinary, collaborative models of dementia care that assume more accountability for meeting the needs of family caregivers in addition to those of persons with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ann Podgorski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sharon D. Anderson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jasneet Parmar
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Ozcan M, Akyar İ. Caregivers' experiences of patients with moderate-stage Alzheimer's disease: a qualitative study. Psychogeriatrics 2021; 21:763-772. [PMID: 34184354 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers experience challenges in the longest stage of Alzheimer disease, the moderate stage, due to all day demanded caregiving, added with neuropsychiatric symptoms, and communication difficulties. Supporting challenges of caregiving is more effective when specific needs are assessed and real-life experiences are appreciated. This study sought to explore caregivers' experiences and support needs for moderate-stage Alzheimer's disease patients. METHODS This study had a qualitative phenomenological design. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 46 caregivers via face-to-face interviews. Following transcription, an analysis was done with Colaizzi's steps by coding and defining the main themes and subthemes. RESULTS Caregivers stated they faced difficulties in the care activities of patients and needed support. Three themes were identified: (i) changes related to Alzheimer's disease; (ii) change in caregivers' life; and (iii) support needs and coping strategies about the care process. CONCLUSIONS Current study confirmed that caregivers of moderate-stage Alzheimer's disease patients need proper support to cope with daily care activities and systems that help them overcome life challenges. The development of a system based on the stage-specific caregivers' need to decrease daily care challenges and overwhelming economic and emotional stress can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munevver Ozcan
- Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Geriatric Ward Nurse, Hacettepe University Adult Hospital Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
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Wiegelmann H, Wolf-Ostermann K, Brannath W, Arzideh F, Dreyer J, Thyrian R, Schirra-Weirich L, Verhaert L. Sociodemographic aspects and health care-related outcomes: a latent class analysis of informal dementia care dyads. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:727. [PMID: 34301241 PMCID: PMC8299572 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies revealed the importance to assess dementia care dyads, composed of persons with dementia and their primary informal caregivers, in a differentiated way and to tailor support services to particular living and care circumstances. Therefore, this study aims first to identify classes of dementia care dyads that differ according to sociodemographic, care-related and dementia-specific characteristics and second, to compare these classes with regard to healthcare-related outcomes. METHODS We used data from the cross-sectional German DemNet-D study (n = 551) and conducted a latent class analysis to investigate different classes of dementia care dyads. In addition, we compared these classes with regard to the use of health care services, caregiver burden (BIZA-D), general health of the informal caregiver (EQ-VAS) as well as quality of life (QoL-AD) and social participation (SACA) of the person with dementia. Furthermore, we compared the stability of the home-based care arrangements. RESULTS Six different classes of dementia care dyads were identified, based on best Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), significant likelihood ratio test (p < 0.001), high entropy (0.87) and substantive interpretability. Classes were labelled as "adult child parent relationship & younger informal caregiver", "adult child parent relationship & middle aged informal caregiver", "non family relationship & younger informal caregiver", "couple & male informal caregiver of older age", "couple & female informal caregiver of older age", "couple & younger informal caregiver". The classes showed significant differences regarding health care service use. Caregiver burden, quality of life of the person with dementia and stability of the care arrangement differed also significantly between the classes. CONCLUSION Based on a latent class analysis this study indicates differences between classes of informal dementia care dyads. The findings may give direction for better tailoring of support services to particular circumstances to improve healthcare-related outcomes of persons with dementia and informal caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Wiegelmann
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karin Wolf-Ostermann
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Werner Brannath
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Competence Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Bremen and Clinic Bremen-Mitte, Bremen, Germany
| | - Farhad Arzideh
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Competence Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Bremen and Clinic Bremen-Mitte, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jan Dreyer
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Witten, Germany
| | - Rene Thyrian
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Witten, Germany
| | - Liane Schirra-Weirich
- grid.466086.a0000 0001 1010 8830Department of Social Services, Centre for Participation Research, Catholic University of Applied Sciences of North Rhine-Westphalia, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Verhaert
- grid.466086.a0000 0001 1010 8830Department of Social Services, Centre for Participation Research, Catholic University of Applied Sciences of North Rhine-Westphalia, Cologne, Germany
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Stressors and coping mechanisms of family care-givers of older relatives living with long-term conditions in mainland China: a scoping review of the evidence. AGEING & SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x21000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As the ageing population in China continues to grow, more people will be living with long-term health conditions and require support from family care-givers. This scoping review therefore aims to explore sources of stress and coping mechanisms adopted by care-givers of older relatives living with long-term conditions in mainland China. Literature searches were conducted in English (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS) and Chinese (CNKI, WANFANG DATA, CQVIP and CBM) databases between October and November 2019. The searches focused on the stressors and coping mechanisms utilised by family care-givers residing in the community. Narrative synthesis was used to identify themes within the data. Forty-six papers were included: 20 papers from English and 26 from Chinese databases. Six themes captured stressors: care-giving time (N = 22), financial resources (N = 17), role and personal strains (N = 42), preparedness (N = 4), social roles (N = 10) and lack of adequate formal support (N = 22); and one theme captured coping (N = 14). Unmet needs of care-givers of older relatives in mainland China were found to be extensive. Only a few studies had attempted to explore the causal link between stressors, coping and the influence of culture. Findings underscore the significance of adequately capturing intricacies around care-givers’ unmet needs, rather than generalising on the basis of culture. Qualitative studies are critical to providing a better understanding of the relationship between stressors, coping and resources afforded to care-givers by their cultural environment. Having such understanding is crucial to inform the development of competent care, which promotes self-efficacy and self-actualisation in care-givers in mainland China.
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Law S, Ormel I, Babinski S, Kuluski K, Quesnel-Vallée A. "Caregiving is like on the job training but nobody has the manual": Canadian caregivers' perceptions of their roles within the healthcare system. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:404. [PMID: 34193054 PMCID: PMC8243301 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stepping into the role of an unpaid caregiver to offer help is often considered a natural expectation of family members or friends. In Canada, such contributions are substantial in terms of healthcare provision but this comes at a considerable cost to the caregivers in both health and economic terms. Methods In this study, we conducted a secondary analysis of a collection of qualitative interviews with 39 caregivers of people with chronic physical illness to assess how they described their particular roles in caring for a loved one. We used a model of caregiving roles, originally proposed by Twigg in 1989, as a guide for our analysis, which specified three predominant roles for caregivers – as a resource, as a co-worker, and as a co-client. Results The caregivers in this collection spoke about their roles in ways that aligned well with these roles, but they also described tasks and activities that fit best with a fourth role of ‘care-coordinator’, which required that they assume an oversight role in coordinating care across institutions, care providers and often advocate for care in line with their expectations. For each of these types of roles, we have highlighted the limitations and challenges they described in their interviews. Conclusions We argue that a deeper understanding of the different roles that caregivers assume, as well as their challenges, can contribute to the design and implementation of policies and services that would support their contributions and choices as integral members of the care team. We provide some examples of system-level policies and programs from different jurisdictions developed in recognition of the need to sustain caregivers in their role and respond to such limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Law
- Trillium Health Partners - Institute for Better Health, 100 Queensway West, 6th Floor CA Building, Mississauga, ON, L5B 1B8, Canada. .,University of Toronto - Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada.
| | - Ilja Ormel
- St. Mary's Research Centre, 3830 avenue Lacombe, Montreal, QC, H3T 1M5, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, 5858 Cote-des-Neiges Road, Montreal, QC, H3S 1Z1, Canada
| | - Stephanie Babinski
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Community Services, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.,ELLICSR Health, Wellness & Cancer Survivorship Centre, Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 585 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Kerry Kuluski
- Trillium Health Partners - Institute for Better Health, 100 Queensway West, 6th Floor CA Building, Mississauga, ON, L5B 1B8, Canada.,University of Toronto - Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Amélie Quesnel-Vallée
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
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Murfield J, Moyle W, O'Donovan A. Experiences of compassion among family carers of older adults: Qualitative content analysis of survey free-text comments. Scand J Caring Sci 2021; 36:1006-1015. [PMID: 34096636 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide qualitative insight into the experiences of compassion (to self, to others and from others) among family carers of older adults by exploring the written responses provided within a cross-sectional survey that asked about carers' levels of compassion, mindfulness, emotion regulation, coping strategies and psychological health. METHODS Family carers of adults aged ≥65 years from around the world completed the survey between July and December 2019. To provide carers with an opportunity to describe experiences in their own words and expand on issues beyond the limits of closed-response items, the survey included eight free-text boxes. These appeared after each self-report measure and at the end of the survey. From a total of 127 carers providing 504 written responses, inductive qualitative content analysis identified and evaluated 245 comments from 105 family carers' that were about their experiences of compassion (to self, to others and from others). RESULTS Some family carers perceived a lack of compassion, both for themselves and from others, and several barriers to carers' openness to receiving compassion were identified. Factors influencing carers' compassion to others in general included how carers were feeling themselves, the person it was directed towards and the situation. Within the caregiving relationship specifically, this included care recipients' level of need and behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide qualitative understanding about family carers' realities of compassion (to self, to others and from others) within their role and highlight the applicability and warranted focus of compassion-based approaches within family caregiving research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Murfield
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Analise O'Donovan
- Griffith Health Group, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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The Carers' Needs Assessment for Dementia (CNA-D): a validation study in the Italian population. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:275-284. [PMID: 33942173 PMCID: PMC8724169 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Dementia has devastating consequences for families with important physical, psychological, social, and financial effects. Evaluation of caregiver’s needs may be an important step to reduce the burden of family caregivers of dementia patients. An Austrian scale, the Carers’ Needs Assessment for Dementia, is now available for measuring the caregiver’s needs. The aim of our study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the CNA-D (iCNA-D). Methods A sample of 214 voluntary caregivers of dementia patients was recruited at the Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin (Italy). All participants were administered the iCNA-D. Validity and reliability of the instrument were evaluated using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and the Italian version of Zarit Burden Interview (I-ZBI). Results The most common unmet need reported for the iCNA-D was “counseling and emotional support” (31.5%). This item demonstrates adequate reliability with moderate internal consistency for all “summary scores” of iCNA-D (α ≥ 0.75) and split-half correlation of more than 0.80 for two of them. We also found positive correlations in two out of three “summary scores” of iCNA-D and in the overall outcomes of BDI, BAI, SCL-90, and I-ZBI. Conclusions The iCNA-D could be a valid and reliable tool for a comprehensive assessment of needs and possible social supports proposed to relatives who take care of patients with dementia. Better understanding of family caregivers’ needs could improve planning of local services and reduce caregivers’ perception of distress and burden.
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Contextual Therapy for Couples who are Primary Caregivers for a Parent(s) with Alzheimer’s Disease. CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-021-09576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mobile Apps for Helping Informal Caregivers: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041702. [PMID: 33578819 PMCID: PMC7916631 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The physical and psychological consequences suffered by informal caregivers have been extensively studied. MHealth solutions appear to be an opportunity to help overcome the caregiver burden. The objective of this study was to evaluate available mobile applications for informal caregivers of people who are ill and to determine whether these mobile applications were developed considering the needs of caregiver users. (2) Methods: A systematic review was carried out using the MEDLINE, ProQuest, and Scopus databases. The information about mobile applications for informal caregivers was analyzed. This review examined studies published between January 2011 and July 2020 in English. The data extracted from each paper included the development of the mobile application, if that application was assessed considering the caregivers’ needs, functions of the mobile application, measures for evaluating caregivers’ needs, measures for evaluating the effectiveness of the mobile application, and the main results obtained. (3) Results: Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The most common functions of the apps were summaries with information about the person they care for, educational information, resources and services for caregivers, solutions to common problems during care, and questionnaires to assess caregivers’ well-being. Most of these studies assessed caregivers’ needs before designing mobile applications to adapt them to the needs of their users. (4) Conclusions: Mobile applications for caregivers appear to provide solutions for them. Moreover, the effectiveness of these apps will depend largely on whether their characteristics match users’ needs. Current studies have shown the poor quality of evidence.
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Zhou Y, O'Hara A, Ishado E, Borson S, Sadak T. Developing a new behavioral framework for dementia care partner resilience (CP-R): A mixed research synthesis. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2020; 62:e265-e281. [PMID: 33367603 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Caring for a person living with dementia requires resilience, the capacity to recover and grow from challenging situations. Despite the increasing interest in assessing and promoting resilience for dementia care partners, behaviors that indicate this attribute are not well known. The goal of this study is to synthesize the literature to identify resilience-related behaviors and develop a new framework for future validation and intervention research. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We searched English-language peer-reviewed articles (January 1991 - June 2019) reporting qualitative or quantitative descriptions of resilience-related behaviors among dementia care partners. Thematic analysis was used to categorize behaviors into domains, identify the relationships among them, and generate a thematic map. RESULTS Sixteen articles were identified according to predefined inclusion criteria. Four domains emerged: (1) problem-response behaviors (problem-solving, problem-distancing); (2) self-growth behaviors (self-care activities, spiritual-related activities, and developing and maintaining meaningful social relationships); (3) help-related behaviors (help-seeking and help-receiving), and (4) learning-related behaviors (learning from others and reflection). Definitions of each domain, identification of corresponding behaviors, and formulation of Care Partner Resilience (CP-R) behavioral framework were informed by this mixed research synthesis and other relevant literature. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS The CP-R framework emerged as a result of a new focus on identifying and cultivating strengths instead of evaluating strain and burden. It serves as a useful foundation for understanding the impact of specific behaviors on dementia care partner resilience. Once validated, this framework will inform the development of future measures, research, interventions, and policies for dementia care partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjin Zhou
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Avery O'Hara
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily Ishado
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Soo Borson
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tatiana Sadak
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Garcia-Ribas G, García-Arcelay E, Montoya A, Maurino J. Assessing Knowledge and Perceptions of Alzheimer's Disease Among Employees of a Pharmaceutical Company in Spain: A Comparison Between Caregivers and Non-Caregivers. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:2357-2364. [PMID: 33293798 PMCID: PMC7718989 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s282147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raising knowledge about Alzheimer's disease (AD) may help in identifying the disorder, seeking earlier appropriate healthcare, and decreasing its stigma. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and perceptions towards people with AD among employees of a pharmaceutical company in Spain. METHODS A non-interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted among 447 employees. Participants answered demographic questions and completed the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS). Caregivers also answered questions related to their personal experience with patients with AD and completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist (RMBPC), and the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS). RESULTS Participants were mostly between 30 and 50 years old (63%), female (65.3%), and had bachelor or master degrees (82.7%). Forty-two (9.4%) of participants were caregivers, mainly of moderate to severe dementia subjects. Overall knowledge about AD was moderate (mean ADKS score = 21.2 ± 2.8 [70.6% of correct answers]). Risk factors and caregiving were the domains with lowest scores (correct answers: 58.58% and 63%, respectively). Mean total ADKS score was significantly higher in participants caring for people with AD compared with non-caregivers (22.1 ± 2.9 and 21.0 ± 2.8; p=0.02, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between total ADKS score and age, sex, educational level, or relative's AD severity. Most caregivers were satisfied with life (mean SWLS score = 26.8 ± 5.6) showing a low impact from behavioral problems (mean RMBPC reaction score = 26.81 ± 20.2). Six of them (14.3%) were scored as depressed. CONCLUSION There is a continuing need to improve understanding of AD to fill the gaps in knowledge of the disease, even in a population working in healthcare sector with a high educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alonso Montoya
- Medical Affairs, Neuroscience, Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Janssen N, Handels RL, Köhler S, Gonçalves-Pereira M, Marques MJ, Irving K, Hopper L, Bieber A, Orrell M, Selbæk G, Michelet M, Wimo A, Zanetti O, Portolani DM, Woods B, Jelley H, Evers SMAA, Verhey FRJ. Profiles of Met and Unmet Needs in People with Dementia According to Caregivers' Perspective: Results from a European Multicenter Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:1609-1616.e1. [PMID: 32674953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This exploratory study aimed at investigating profiles of care needs in people with mild to moderate dementia and examined variables associated with these profiles. DESIGN A longitudinal international cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The baseline data of 447 community-dwelling dyads of people with dementia and their caregivers from the Access to Timely Formal Care (Actifcare) Study were included for analysis. METHODS A latent class analysis was applied to identify profiles of needs, measured with the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly as rated by the caregiver. We examined sociodemographic (eg, relative stress scale) and clinical characteristics (eg, neuropsychiatric inventory) associated with these profiles. RESULTS Four distinct need profiles were identified through latent class analysis. These comprised a "no need" profile (41% of the sample), a "met psychological needs" profile (25%), a "met social needs" profile (19%), and an "unmet social needs" profile (15%). A larger impact of caregiving on the caregiver's life as indicated by a higher relative stress scale score was associated with the "unmet social needs" profile. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In this large European sample, there was a subgroup of persons with dementia with high "unmet social needs" whose caregivers simultaneously perceived high stress in their caregiving tasks. Identification of these profiles may help provision of appropriate support for these people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Janssen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ron L Handels
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Gonçalves-Pereira
- CEDOC, Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J Marques
- CEDOC, Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Kate Irving
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Hopper
- School of Psychology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anja Bieber
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Medical Faculty, Institute of Health and Nursing Sciences, Halle, Germany
| | - Martin Orrell
- Nottingham University, Institute of Mental Health, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Faculty om Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona Michelet
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Faculty om Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Wimo
- Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Orazio Zanetti
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
| | | | - Bob Woods
- Dementia Services Development Center, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Jelley
- Dementia Services Development Center, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia M A A Evers
- Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Center for Economic Evaluation Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Clemmensen TH, Lauridsen HH, Andersen-Ranberg K, Kristensen HK. 'I know his needs better than my own' - carers' support needs when caring for a person with dementia. Scand J Caring Sci 2020; 35:586-599. [PMID: 32410395 PMCID: PMC8246922 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Caring for a person with dementia predisposes informal carers (carers) to mental and physical disability. Carers tend to focus on the needs of the person with dementia and have difficulties expressing their own needs for support. No instrument has yet been developed to directly assess carers’ support needs. The aim of this study is to clarify the main categories of carers’ support needs to inform future development of an instrument to assess carers’ support needs. Methods A qualitative approach combining focus group interviews with carers and professionals and individual interviews were used. Results Carers’ support needs were categorised into four areas: (i) daily life when caring for a person with dementia, (ii) focus on themselves, (iii) maintain own well‐being, and (iv) communicate and interact with surroundings. Discussion Carers have support needs in common regardless of the relation to the person with dementia. Carers tend to focus on the needs of the person with dementia, thus not knowing their own needs. The four main categories clarified in this study may inform the foundation of developing an instrument to facilitate dialogue between carers and professionals with the purpose of assessing carers’ support needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Holt Clemmensen
- Health Sciences Research Centre, UCL University College, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hein Lauridsen
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karen Andersen-Ranberg
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Kaae Kristensen
- Health Sciences Research Centre, UCL University College, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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