[Support needs of caregivers of people with dementia: An integrative literature review]

Support needs of caregivers of people with dementia: An integrative literature review Abstract: Background: Family caregivers are of great importance in the home care for people with dementia. The care and related stress can have a negative impact on their health. The CSNAT (German: KOMMA) is an approach to support family caregivers in palliative home care that could be used for this group of people. Aim: The aim was to identify support needs for caregivers of people with dementia in the literature and compare these with those that formed the basis for the development of the KOMMA approach. Method: We performed an integrative review. Literature research was conducted in February and March 2021 in the MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycInfo databases. Relevant studies were identified and assessed using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using MAXQDA, the data were assigned to categories with a content analytic procedure. Results: 23 studies were included that had been published with peer review procedure. Compared to the KOMMA approach, family caregivers show divergent support needs in the areas of (in)formal assistance, access to knowledge, managing physical and mental health conditions, maintaining the relationship, (temporarily) relinquishing the caregiving role and social integration. Conclusion: The KOMMA tool for identifying support needs cannot be directly adopted for this group of caregivers in its present form. However, given the richness of identified support needs, the development of a person-centered and needs-oriented assessment seems important.

Gesundheitsverhalten und Bedürfnisse von Menschen mit COPD während der COVID-19-Pandemie - Eine Dokumentenanalyse

Health behaviours and needs of people with COPD during COVID-19 pandemic: a document analysis Abstract. Background: The government's guidelines affected people with COPD on different levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to belonging to a group of particularly vulnerable persons, they had to adapt their health behaviours, in particular physical activity, to recommendations provided in order to prevent negative effects on disease progression. There is little knowledge regarding how this group of patients coped with these challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

To describe the health behaviours and needs people with COPD convey during nursing phone consultations and which nursing interventions have been carried out.

METHODS

A document analysis of 50 nursing phone consultations was performed. The data were summarised descriptively and analysed thematically.

RESULTS

The main topics were the adaptation of physical activity, the implementation of the recommendations to the individual life situation, the detection of a COVID-19 infection and questions concerning the planning of medical appointments.

CONCLUSION

The COVID-19 pandemic poses additional challenges to the disease management of people with COPD. The increased need for care brought on by the pandemic was able to be met by the knowledge provided in the nursing phone consultations. What remains to be established is what role the consultations play in a sustainable change in behaviour and in dealing with negative emotions.

[Psychosocial Emergency Care After the Death of a Parent: Guidelines for Dealing with Affected Children]

Psychosocial Emergency Care After the Death of a Parent: Guidelines for Dealing with Affected Children Does psychosocial emergency care after parental death affect children's mental health? Or do affected children consider psychosocial emergency care useful at all? And what do children really want in this situation? Against the background of these questions, data were collected both qualitatively and quantitatively from a sample of 35 affected children and adolescents. The results show no mental health differences between groups (children with PSNV, n = 11 and children without PSNV, n = 24). Nevertheless, affected children appear to evaluate psychosocial emergency care after parental death positively. The derived guidelines therefore represent a further step towards psychosocial emergency care adapted to the needs of children and can therefore serve as orientation for practice.

[Attitudes towards assisted living inAustria-A qualitative study]

BACKGROUND

Surveys in German speaking countries identified motives for choosing assisted living, but their importance in the context of decision making remains unclear.

AIM

This study aimed to identify types of attitudes towards assisted living among older persons in Austria that result from the interplay of single motives.

METHOD

A comparative qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conduCted in the land Salzburg among residents of assisted living facilities and home dwelling older adults. Data were analysed by using qualitative content analysis according to Mayring and subsequent construction of types.

RESULTS

Among residents types of attitudes were "proactive users" who expected more safety or comfort and persons who "moved m due to external circumstances" like taking the opportunity of available place or feeling forced by functional/imitations or be ing influenced by significant others. Types of attitudes among home dwelling older persons were "conditional acceptance';"rejection" and ;'indecisiveness':Vague ideas about assisted living often prevented an informed decision.

CONCLUSION

Choice of assisted living only depends to some extent on specific expectations. Better information,advice by significant others and availability of a place may favour a decision to move in.

[Daily routine of informal caregivers-needs and concerns with regard to the discharge of their elderly family members from the hospital setting-a qualitative study]

BACKGROUND

The care of an elderly frail and ill family member places a great responsibility on informal caregivers. Following discharge of the older person from the hospital setting it can be observed that caregivers are often inadequately informed about aspects such as health status, prognosis, complications, and care interventions. Concerns and needs of caregivers regarding their daily living and routine following hospital discharge has not been investigated and is considered important for an optimized discharge management.

AIM

To explore personal needs and concerns of informal caregivers with regard to daily living prior to discharge of their family member.

METHOD

Eight narrative interviews were conducted with caregivers and were analysed using Mayring's content analysing method.

RESULTS

All caregivers had concerns regarding the maintenance of a functional daily routine. As well as caring and household duties, this functional daily routine included negotiating one's own personal time off duties, the reality of the deteriorating health status of the family member and the associated sense of hope. The intensity of family ties affected the functional daily routine. Caregivers had different expectations with regard to their integration during the hospital period.

CONCLUSIONS

To support caregivers in their situation it is advisable to assess the functional daily routine of caregivers. Their need for time off their household and caring duties and their informational and educational needs to pertaining to disease progression, possible sources of support and symptom management should be recognised. Further inquiries into caregiver's involvement and responsibilities in the discharge process are needed.

[What women want: a qualitative study about postnatal midwifery care at home]

In Switzerland, decreases in regular hospital treatment after birth are leading increasingly to mother and child being cared for at home by independent midwives. The research herein was carried out in order to understand the needs of mothers in their home once they leave the hospital and what this midwife provided care consists of. In 2008, eight women from central Switzerland were interviewed on two separate occasions after the birth of their child, and the interviews were analysed using content analysing techniques. Mothers explained that they wanted their baby and themselves to be well cared for. They needed rest and support for recuperation and wished to spend quality time with their new family. The midwifes assisted the mothers to fulfil their needs by counselling, by instructing and by giving information, but they rarely encouraged them to be together as a family. The relationship between midwife and mother turned out to be an important support. Mothers were satisfied if mutual trust was built and if the midwife perceived their needs, respected their autonomy and took the time to be with them. Midwives contribute to the basic well-being of families and support women with medical expertise and ongoing care. Furthermore families need support in general household issues so that new mothers can recover sufficiently.