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Koceva A, Herman R, Janez A, Rakusa M, Jensterle M. Sex- and Gender-Related Differences in Obesity: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7342. [PMID: 39000449 PMCID: PMC11242171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, primarily characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a multifactorial chronic disease with an increasing global prevalence. Despite the well-documented epidemiology and significant advances in understanding its pathophysiology and clinical implications, the impact of sex is typically overlooked in obesity research. Worldwide, women have a higher likelihood to become obese compared to men. Although women are offered weight loss interventions more often and at earlier stages than men, they are more vulnerable to psychopathology. Men, on the other hand, are less likely to pursue weight loss intervention and are more susceptible to the metabolic implications of obesity. In this narrative review, we comprehensively explored sex- and gender-specific differences in the development of obesity, focusing on a variety of biological variables, such as body composition, fat distribution and energy partitioning, the impact of sex steroid hormones and gut microbiota diversity, chromosomal and genetic variables, and behavioural and sociocultural variables influencing obesity development in men and women. Sex differences in obesity-related comorbidities and varying effectiveness of different weight loss interventions are also extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrijana Koceva
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Medical Center Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Rok Herman
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Janez
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Rakusa
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Jensterle
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Chisini LA, Boeira GF, Corrêa MB, Salas MMS, Maciel FV, Passos D, Gigante D, Opdam N, Demarco FF. Effect of weight satisfaction on adolescent facial and dental satisfaction. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:335-347. [PMID: 38609709 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate if facial and dental satisfaction is related to body fat percentage and body weight satisfaction. METHODS A self-administered questionnaire was applied to adolescents from a Private School in Southern Brazil containing sociodemographic (sex and age) and self-perception variables. Adolescents were asked about their perceptions concerning dental problems. Body fat percentage was collected using bioelectrical impedance analysis. RESULTS A total of 372 adolescents were examined. Most adolescents were satisfied with their dental (81.7%) and facial appearance (87.6%), while 39% of adolescents were satisfied with their body weight. Poisson regression model showed that adolescents who expressed satisfaction with their body weight (PR = 1.12, 95%CI 1.06-1.19) and were satisfied with their dental appearance (PR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.08-1.41) exhibited a positive association with facial satisfaction. Adolescents dissatisfied with dental color (PR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.80-0.97), those reporting dental pain (PR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.80-0.97), and individuals with obesity (PR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.83-0.99) demonstrated a decrease in facial satisfaction. Adolescents aged 16 to 19 years (PR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15) and those satisfied with their facial appearance (PR = 1.20, 95%CI 1.01-1.43) exhibited a higher prevalence of dental satisfaction. Conversely, adolescents dissatisfied with dental color (PR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.66-0.82) and those with misaligned teeth (PR = 0.63, 95%CI 0.55-0.73) reported lower levels of dental satisfaction. Parametric g-formula analysis found that the association between body fat and facial satisfaction was mediated by body weight satisfaction (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS While dental satisfaction was not influenced by corporeal characteristics, facial satisfaction was influenced by dental and body weight satisfaction. Obese adolescents had low facial satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Chisini
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves St. 5th Floor, Room 502., Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96015-560, Brazil.
| | - G F Boeira
- School of Dentistry, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - M B Corrêa
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves St. 5th Floor, Room 502., Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - M M S Salas
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - F V Maciel
- Federal University of Pelotas, Gomes Carneiro St, Pelotas, RS, 96075-630, Brazil
| | - D Passos
- Federal University of Pelotas, Gomes Carneiro St, Pelotas, RS, 96075-630, Brazil
| | - D Gigante
- Federal University of Pelotas, Gomes Carneiro St, Pelotas, RS, 96075-630, Brazil
| | - N Opdam
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 21, Geert Grooteplein Zuid, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - F F Demarco
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, 457, Gonçalves Chaves St. 5th Floor, Room 502., Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96015-560, Brazil
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Moraes CEFD, Antunes MML, Mourilhe C, Sichieri R, Hay P, Appolinario JC. Food Consumption during Binge Eating Episodes in Binge Eating Spectrum Conditions from a Representative Sample of a Brazilian Metropolitan City. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071573. [PMID: 37049413 PMCID: PMC10096673 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of binge eating spectrum conditions (BESC) are increasing globally. However, there is a lack of data from general population samples in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, this study described the food consumption during objective binge eating episodes (OBE) in people with BESC from a metropolitan city in Brazil. Participants comprised 136 adults (18 years old-60 years old) with Binge Eating Disorder (BED), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), or recurrent binge eating (RBE) from a two-phase epidemiological survey. They were interviewed in their homes by trained lay interviewers using the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns updated for the DSM-5 to assess BESC diagnosis and food consumption during a typical OBE. Overall, participants consumed a mean of 1067 kcal during the episodes. For the most part, these calories were derived from carbohydrates (58%) and lipids (30%), irrespective of the diagnosis. Regarding food item consumption, individuals with BED and RBE consumed staple foods (mainly rice and beans) more frequently than those with BN. Conversely, participants with BN ingested sugar-sweetened beverages more frequently than the BED group. In conclusion, there were differences in the eating patterns of individuals with BESC in Brazil. BED and RBE participants consumed more typical foods, whereas those with BN preferred foods with a high content of energy during their OBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Moraes
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Marina Maria Leite Antunes
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Carla Mourilhe
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine Institute (IMS), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 28625-570, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2750, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South West Sydney Local Health District (SWSLHD), Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
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Radin RM, Epel ES, Mason AE, Vaccaro J, Fromer E, Guan J, Prather AA. Impact of digital meditation on work stress and health outcomes among adults with overweight: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280808. [PMID: 36857330 PMCID: PMC9977041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation may improve well-being at work; however, effects on food cravings and metabolic health are not well known. We tested effects of digital meditation, alone or in combination with a healthy eating program, on perceived stress, cravings, and adiposity. We randomized 161 participants with overweight and moderate stress to digital meditation ('MED,' n = 38), digital meditation + healthy eating ('MED+HE,' n = 40), active control ('HE,' n = 41), or waitlist control ('WL,' n = 42) for 8 weeks. Participants (n = 145; M(SD) BMI: 30.8 (5.4) kg/m2) completed baseline and 8-week measures of stress (Perceived Stress Scale), cravings (Food Acceptance and Awareness Questionnaire) and adiposity (sagittal diameter and BMI). ANCOVAs revealed that those randomized to MED or MED+HE (vs. HE or WL) showed decreases in perceived stress (F = 15.19, p < .001, η2 = .10) and sagittal diameter (F = 4.59, p = .03, η2 = .04), with no differences in cravings or BMI. Those high in binge eating who received MED or MED+HE showed decreases in sagittal diameter (p = .03). Those with greater adherence to MED or MED+HE had greater reductions in stress, cravings, and adiposity (ps < .05). A brief digital mindfulness-based program is a low-cost method for reducing perceptions of stress and improving abdominal fat distribution patterns among adults with overweight and moderate stress. Future work should seek to clarify mechanisms by which such interventions contribute to improvements in health. Trial registration: Clinical trial registration http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov: identifier NCT03945214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Radin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Elissa S. Epel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Ashley E. Mason
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Julie Vaccaro
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Elena Fromer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Joanna Guan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Aric A. Prather
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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Binge Eating in a Slovenian Population-based Sample of Adults. Zdr Varst 2022; 62:39-47. [PMID: 36694796 PMCID: PMC9837812 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Binge eating is the most common form of disordered eating associated with obesity, reduced quality of life, and medical and psychological comorbidities. It therefore affects the well-being of individuals. This underscores the fact that it is a serious public health problem. The study aimed to investigate binge eating and anxiety across gender, age and body mass index in a large population sample of adults in Slovenia. Methods A total of 3,310 adult volunteers participated in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires, including a binge eating and anxiety scale and an eating behaviour questionnaire, were completed by 1,487 subjects (90.9% female, ages 18 to 69). Results The frequency of reported binge eating was 29.9%, with 9.8% of participants reporting severe binge eating, and the presence of overweight and obesity was high (41.8%). BMI was associated with this problematic eating, and explained 5.4% of the variation in binge eating. Importantly, anxiety was the most important factor related to binge eating, with younger participants and women reporting significantly more anxiety. Conclusion The high presence of binge eating, obesity and anxiety in the Slovenian population-based sample is worrying. Anxiety is clearly an important factor in understanding the relationship between negative affect and binge eating, as it accounts for a greater proportion of the variance in binge eating symptoms than BMI. Particularly concerning was the fact that the youngest participants showed the greatest anxiety. Targeting anxious adolescents and females is important from a health perspective because it can impact the physical and mental health of the population in the long term.
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Shank LM, Moursi NA, Tanofsky-Kraff M. Loss-of-Control Eating and Cardiometabolic Health in Relation to Overweight and Obesity. Curr Diab Rep 2022; 22:257-266. [PMID: 35403985 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-022-01466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Loss-of-control (LOC) eating, the subjective feeling of being unable to control what or how much is being consumed, is common. The purpose of this review was to examine the relationships among LOC eating, cardiometabolic health, and weight management intervention outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS In youth and adults, LOC eating is associated with and predictive of psychological symptoms, high weight, and worsened cardiometabolic health. While LOC eating pre-intervention does not appear to impact outcomes, LOC eating during or following is associated with worsened outcomes from behavioral and surgical weight management interventions. When individuals are undergoing weight management interventions, it may be important to regularly assess for LOC eating. There is limited research on the examined relationships in diverse populations (e.g., males, individuals of a lower socio-economic status, racial/ethnic minority groups). Future research should examine these relationships across the lifespan in diverse populations, with a focus on how these relationships can be impacted through targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Shank
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Nasreen A Moursi
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, USU, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
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Appolinario JC, Sichieri R, Lopes CS, Moraes CE, da Veiga GV, Freitas S, Nunes MAA, Wang YP, Hay P. Correlates and impact of DSM-5 binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and recurrent binge eating: a representative population survey in a middle-income country. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1491-1503. [PMID: 35044479 PMCID: PMC9246799 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN) and recurrent binge eating (RBE) are binge eating spectrum conditions causing a significant impact in individual's health and functioning. Information regarding those conditions came mostly from high-income countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of DSM-5 BED, BN and RBE and correlates in a representative sample from a metropolitan area of a middle-income country. METHODS The data were obtained from a cross-sectional population-based household survey in two stages in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Noninstitutionalized residents aged 18-60 years were assessed by lay interviewers using the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-5 (QEWP-5). Positive cases and a paired sample screen-negative cases were reassessed by phone with the Eating Disorders Section of SCID-I-P (adapted for DSM-5). The data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020. RESULTS Overall, 2297 individuals were interviewed. Prevalence of BED was 1.4%, BN 0.7%, RBE 6.2%. Psychiatric comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and ADHD were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE than in people without these eating problems. Several medical conditions, when controlling for body mass index, were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE. People with BED and BN had marked impairments in work/school, social and family life, reduced mental and physical HRQoL and under half had sought treatment. CONCLUSION As in high income countries, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, BED, BN and RBE are prevalent conditions and are associated with elevated BMI, functional impairment, psychiatric and medical comorbidity and poorer HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C. Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Professor Gastão Bahiana, 496 ap1809, Rio de Janeiro, 22071-030 Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia S. Lopes
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Moraes
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Professor Gastão Bahiana, 496 ap1809, Rio de Janeiro, 22071-030 Brazil
| | - Gloria V. da Veiga
- Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia Freitas
- State Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Instituto de Psiquiatria (LIM-23), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia ,Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, Australia
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Waltmann M, Herzog N, Horstmann A, Deserno L. Loss of control over eating: A systematic review of task based research into impulsive and compulsive processes in binge eating. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 129:330-350. [PMID: 34280427 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recurring episodes of excessive food intake in binge eating disorder can be understood through the lens of behavioral control systems: patients repeat maladaptive behaviors against their explicit intent. Self-report measures show enhanced impulsivity and compulsivity in binge eating (BE) but are agnostic as to the processes that might lead to impulsive and compulsive behavior in the moment. Task-based neurocognitive investigations can tap into those processes. In this systematic review, we synthesize neurocognitive research on behavioral impulsivity and compulsivity in BE in humans and animals, published between 2010-2020. Findings on impulsivity are heterogeneous. Findings on compulsivity are sparse but comparatively consistent, indicating an imbalance of goal-directed and habitual control as well as deficits in reversal learning. We urge researchers to address heterogeneity related to mood states and the temporal dynamics of symptoms, to systematically differentiate contributions of body weight and BE, and to ascertain the validity and reliability of tasks. Moreover, we propose to further scrutinize the compulsivity findings to unravel the computational mechanisms of a potential reinforcement learning deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Waltmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Nadine Herzog
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lorenz Deserno
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Özdin S, Karabekiroğlu A, Özbalcı GS, Aker AA. The effect of cognitive symptoms in binge eating disorder on depression and self-esteem: a cross-sectional study. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1483-1489. [PMID: 32691335 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare individuals with class II and III obesity with and without binge eating disorder (BED) in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, eating behaviors, and cognitive variables thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. METHODS The participants were selected from volunteer patients with body mass index ≥ 35 applying to the Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty, Turkey, for bariatric surgery between 01.07.2016 and 31.05.2019. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) were administered to all participants. RESULTS Binge eating disorder (BED) was determined in 95 (34%) of the 278 individuals applying for bariatric surgery. The frequency of previous psychiatric diseases was higher in the BED group than in the non-BED group. BDI, RSES, total EDE-Q, weight concern, shape concern, and eating concern EDE-Q subscale scores were also higher in the BED group. Correlation analysis revealed positive low correlation between depression scores and total EDE-Q scores and all subscales scores, with the exception of restraint. Positive low correlation was determined between decreased self-esteem and body weight and shape concern. At multivariate regression analysis, cognitive variables explained 28.6% of variance in depressive symptoms in the BED group, and 21.5% of variance in self-esteem. CONCLUSION The study results showed elevation in cognitive factors in patients with BED compared to the controls. Among these variables, eating and weight concern were shown to be associated with depressive symptoms, while eating concern was linked to self-esteem. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control analytic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selçuk Özdin
- Psychiatry Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Atakum, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Aytül Karabekiroğlu
- Psychiatry Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Atakum, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Selçuk Özbalcı
- General Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Arzu Alptekin Aker
- Psychiatry Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Atakum, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
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Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Botticelli L, Tomassoni D, Tayebati SK, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Cifani C. The Melanocortin System behind the Dysfunctional Eating Behaviors. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3502. [PMID: 33202557 PMCID: PMC7696960 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of melanocortin signaling has been associated with obesity, given the important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, food intake, satiety and body weight. In the hypothalamus, the melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) contribute to the stability of these processes, but MC3R and MC4R are also localized in the mesolimbic dopamine system, the region that responds to the reinforcing properties of highly palatable food (HPF) and where these two receptors seem to affect food reward and motivation. Loss of function of the MC4R, resulting from genetic mutations, leads to overeating in humans, but to date, a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms and behaviors that promote overconsumption of caloric foods remains unknown. Moreover, the MC4R demonstrated to be a crucial modulator of the stress response, factor that is known to be strictly related to binge eating behavior. In this review, we will explore the preclinical and clinical studies, and the controversies regarding the involvement of melanocortin system in altered eating patterns, especially binge eating behavior, food reward and motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Botticelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.M.D.B.); (L.B.); (S.K.T.); (C.C.)
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Seyed Khosrow Tayebati
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.M.D.B.); (L.B.); (S.K.T.); (C.C.)
| | | | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.M.D.B.); (L.B.); (S.K.T.); (C.C.)
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Radin RM, Epel ES, Daubenmier J, Moran P, Schleicher S, Kristeller J, Hecht FM, Mason AE. Do stress eating or compulsive eating influence metabolic health in a mindfulness-based weight loss intervention? Health Psychol 2019; 39:147-158. [PMID: 31724424 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to understand the associations of compulsive eating (CE) and stress eating (SE) with metabolic health among adults with obesity and whether mindfulness-based weight loss training may buffer these associations. METHOD We used data from a trial in which we randomized 194 participants with obesity to a diet-exercise weight loss intervention with either mindful eating training plus mindfulness-based eating awareness and stress management training (n = 100) or active control components (n = 94). We measured CE, SE, weight, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) at baseline, and 6, 12 months, and 18 months. We tested CE and SE as both moderators and mediators of intervention effects on changes in metabolic health. RESULTS Participants higher (+ 1 SD) in CE at baseline randomized to the mindfulness (vs. control) intervention had greater improvements in FBG at 18 months (p = .05). Twelve-month reductions in CE mediated the effect of the intervention on changes in FBG and weight at 12 and 18 months postbaseline (p ≤ .05). Furthermore, those higher (+ 1 SD) in SE at baseline were nearly 2 BMI points higher than those lower (-1 SD) in SE (p < .01). Decreases in SE (B = 3.42; p < .001; 95% CI [2.55, 4.30]) and CE (B = 0.45; p < .001; 95% CI [0.36, 0.54]) in all participants at 6 months were associated with greater weight loss at 18 months. CONCLUSIONS Those with greater compulsive eating may reduce risk for metabolic decline by participating in a mindfulness-based weight loss program. Future obesity interventions should consider tailoring treatment toward trait-level characteristics, such as compulsive eating. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Hetterich L, Mack I, Giel KE, Zipfel S, Stengel A. An update on gastrointestinal disturbances in eating disorders. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 497:110318. [PMID: 30359760 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Eating disorders, namely anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder are frequent diseases and often complicated by comorbidities, e.g. psychiatric or cardiovascular comorbidities. It is to note that also gastrointestinal symptoms/complications are frequently observed in patients with eating disorders. These diseases will be presented in the current review along with - where known - possible underlying mechanisms. Lastly, gaps in knowledge will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Hetterich
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Isa Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin E Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Leite HM, Garcez A, Nunes MAA, Pattussi MP, Canuto R, Paniz VMV, Olinto MTA. Shift work, sleep duration, and body image dissatisfaction among female workers in southern Brazil. Arch Womens Ment Health 2019; 22:583-592. [PMID: 30474745 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-018-0927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We examined the association between shift work and sleep duration with body image dissatisfaction (BID) among shift-working women in southern Brazil. In this cross-sectional study, data of 505 women shift workers, between 18 and 60 years old, were collected between January and April 2011. BID was assessed using the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale. Information on shift work, sleep duration, and other explanatory variables was collected through a questionnaire. An aggregated exposure variable was created and termed "sleep deprivation," with the exposure category being night-shift workers who slept < 7 h/day. The respective prevalence ratio values were estimated using a Poisson regression. The prevalence of BID among shift-working women was 42.4 (95% CIs = 38.0 to 46.7%), and 199 (93.0%) of these women wished they had a smaller body size. Shift work (PR = 1.40; p = 0.006) and sleep duration (PR = 1.32; p = 0.010) were independently associated with BID. Additionally, workers with sleep deprivation exhibited a higher probability of BID than those without sleep deprivation (PR = 1.31; p = 0.012). These results reveal a situation of vulnerability and the need for strategies and actions directed at shift-working women with the aim of reducing the effects of sleep deprivation on mental health, particularly with regard to body image disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Marquardt Leite
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, C.P. 275, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-000, Brazil
| | - Anderson Garcez
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, C.P. 275, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Antunes Nunes
- Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), St. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pascoal Pattussi
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, C.P. 275, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-000, Brazil
| | - Raquel Canuto
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul State (UFRGS), St. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Vieira Paniz
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, C.P. 275, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, C.P. 275, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-000, Brazil.
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Health Science of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), St. Sarmento Leite 245, Porto Alegre, 90050-107, RS, Brazil.
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Chu DT, Minh Nguyet NT, Nga VT, Thai Lien NV, Vo DD, Lien N, Nhu Ngoc VT, Son LH, Le DH, Nga VB, Van Tu P, Van To T, Ha LS, Tao Y, Pham VH. An update on obesity: Mental consequences and psychological interventions. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:155-160. [PMID: 30641689 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Besides physical consequences, obesity has negative psychological effects, thereby lowering human life quality. Major psychological consequences of this disorder includes depression, impaired body image, low self-esteem, eating disorders, stress and poor quality of life, which are correlated with age and gender. Physical interventions, mainly diet control and energy balance, have been widely applied to treat obesity; and some psychological interventions including behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and hypnotherapy have showed some effects on obesity treatment. Other psychological therapies, such as relaxation and psychodynamic therapies, are paid less attention. This review aims to update scientific evidence regarding the mental consequences and psychological interventions for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Toi Chu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Vu Thi Nga
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Danang, Viet Nam.
| | | | - Duc Duy Vo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nguyen Lien
- Center for NeuroGenetics, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | | | - Le Hoang Son
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Duc-Hau Le
- Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Bich Nga
- National Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pham Van Tu
- Faculty of Social Work, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ta Van To
- Pathology and Molecular Biology Center, National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 8, 210095, China
| | - Van-Huy Pham
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Assari S, DeFreitas MR. Ethnic Variations in Psychosocial and Health Correlates of Eating Disorders. Healthcare (Basel) 2018; 6:E38. [PMID: 29693592 PMCID: PMC6023317 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare6020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore ethnic variations in psychosocial and health correlates of eating disorders in the United States, Specifically, we compared associations between gender, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), physical and mental self-rated health (SRH), and major depressive disorder (MDD) with eating disorders (EDs) across 10 different ethnic groups in the United States. Data was obtained from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), a national household probability sample collected in 2001⁻2003. Data for this study included a sample of 17,729 individuals with the following ethnic profile: 520 Vietnamese, 508 Filipino, 600 Chinese, 656 Other Asian, 577 Cuban, 495 Puerto Rican, 1442 Mexican, 1106 Other Hispanic, 4746 African American, and 7587 Non-Latino Whites. Gender, SES (education and income), BMI, SRH, MDD, and presence of EDs were measured across different ethnic groups. Logistic regression analysis was conducted for each ethnic group with lifetime EDs as the main outcome. Ethnic group varied in psychosocial and health correlates of EDs. In most ethnic groups, gender and SES were not associated with EDs. In almost all ethnic groups, EDs were associated with MDD and BMI. EDs were found to be associated with SRH in half of the ethnic groups studied. The associations between gender, SES, BMI, SRH, MDD, and EDs vary across different ethnic groups. These differences must be considered in further studies and in clinical practice in order to improve our approach towards diagnosis and treatment of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
- Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Mariana R DeFreitas
- Medical School, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
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Blostein F, Assari S, Caldwell CH. Gender and Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Body Image Dissatisfaction and Binge Eating Disorder among Blacks. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017; 4:529-538. [PMID: 27352115 PMCID: PMC10867815 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-016-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The research on binge eating has overwhelmingly focused on Whites. We aimed to study gender and ethnic differences in the association between body image dissatisfaction and binge eating in a nationally representative sample of Black adults in the USA. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), 2003-2004. Self-identified Caribbean Black (n = 1621) and African American (3570) adults aged 18 and older were enrolled. The independent variable was body dissatisfaction measured with two items. Using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI), outcome was lifetime binge eating without hierarchy according to the DSM-IV criteria. Covariates included age, socioeconomic factors (i.e., education and marital status), and body mass index. Ethnicity and gender were focal moderators. Logistic regressions were used for data analysis. RESULTS Despite comparable prevalence of lifetime binge eating (5 vs 4 %, p > 0.05), African Americans reported higher body image dissatisfaction than Caribbean Blacks (36 vs 29 %, p > 0.05). In the pooled sample, body dissatisfaction was a strong predictor of lifetime binge eating disorders. There was a significant interaction (p = 0.039) between ethnicity and body image dissatisfaction on binge eating, suggesting a stronger association between body image dissatisfaction and lifetime binge eating for Caribbean Blacks (OR = 11.65, 95 % 6.89-19.72) than African Americans (OR = 6.72, 95 % CI 3.97-11.37). Gender did not interact with body image dissatisfaction on binge eating. CONCLUSION Ethnic variation in the link between body image dissatisfaction and binge eating may be due to within-race cultural differences in body image between African Americans and Caribbean Blacks. This may include different definitions, norms, and expectations regarding the body size. Findings suggest that ethnicity may bias relevance of body image dissatisfaction as a diagnostic criterion for binge eating disorders among diverse populations of Blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freida Blostein
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 2858 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Shervin Assari
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 2858 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cleopatra Howard Caldwell
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 2858 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wen M, Fan JX, Kowaleski-Jones L, Wan N. Rural-Urban Disparities in Obesity Prevalence Among Working Age Adults in the United States: Exploring the Mechanisms. Am J Health Promot 2017; 32:400-408. [PMID: 29214811 DOI: 10.1177/0890117116689488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Higher prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in rural America have been consistently reported, but sources of these disparities are not well known. This study presented patterns and mechanisms of these disparities among working age Americans. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING United States of America. PARTICIPANTS The study included 10 302 participants of the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who were 20 to 64 years old, not pregnant, and with a body mass index ranging from 18.5 to 60. MEASURES Individual-level data were from NHANES including age, gender, race/ethnicity, immigrant status, education, and family income. The outcomes were prevalence of obesity and prevalence of overweight and obesity combined. Neighborhood data were constructed from the 2000 US Census providing tract-level information on family median income and built environmental features and from the 2006 ESRI ArcGIS 9.3 Data DVD providing tract-level park location information. ANALYSIS Geographic information system (GIS) methods were used to create a measure of spatial distance to local parks capturing park accessibility. Random intercept logistic and ordinal logit regression analyses were performed. FINDINGS Multivariate regression results showed that the odds of obesity was higher in rural areas compared to urban areas (odds ratio = 1.358, P < .001) net of demographic controls and that this gap was largely attributable to individual educational attainment and neighborhood median household income and neighborhood built environmental features. After controlling for these hypothesized mediators, the elevated odds associated with rural residence was reduced by nearly 94% and rendered statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative cross-sectional sample, rural-urban obesity disparities were large and explained by rural-urban educational differences at the individual level and economic and built environmental differences at the neighborhood level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wen
- 1 Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jessie X Fan
- 2 Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lori Kowaleski-Jones
- 2 Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Neng Wan
- 3 Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Pinheiro AP, Nunes MA, Barbieri NB, Vigo Á, Aquino ELM, Barreto S, Chor D, Schmidt MI. Association of binge eating behavior and psychiatric comorbidity in ELSA-Brasil study: Results from baseline data. Eat Behav 2016; 23:145-149. [PMID: 27718454 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the association of binge eating behavior (BE) with common mental disorders (CMD). METHOD Cross sectional investigation of 14,088 adults, aged 35-74years (ELSA-Brasil study). BE was assessed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID - DSM IV) questions, and psychiatric morbidity with CIS-R (CIS R - Clinical Interview Schedule Revised). Poisson regression was used to estimate the association of BE and psychiatric morbidity. RESULTS Adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for CMD and BE were: PR=1.60 (1.34-1.91) for a CIS R score 12-18 (presence of CMD with lower clinical severity); PR=2.40 (2.06-2.80) for a CIS R score≥18 (severe symptom profile likely to require treatment); for psychiatric diagnoses: PR=2.24 (1.84-2.73) for depressive episodes; PR=1.77 (1.53-2.04) for anxiety disorders, and PR=1.42 (1.20-1.67) for mixed depressive-anxiety disorder. CONCLUSION BE was associated with higher prevalence of common mental disorders. Our findings highlight the need to investigate mechanisms involved in the relationship of BE, obesity and psychopathology in low/middle income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Poyastro Pinheiro
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maria Angélica Nunes
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Bordin Barbieri
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Vigo
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Estela L M Aquino
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Sandhi Barreto
- Graduate Studies Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Dora Chor
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Schmidt
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Melo PG, Peixoto MDRG, Silveira EAD. Binge eating prevalence according to obesity degrees and associated factors in women. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective Investigate binge eating (BE) prevalence in women according to the obesity degree and assess the associated factors. Methods Cross-sectional study with female adults presenting body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2. The analyzed variables were: sociodemographics, health status, obesity history, lifestyle, eating behavior and obesity degree. In order to analyse BE it was used the Binge Eating Scale (BES), which is considered positive when BES ≥ 18 points. Prevalence and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated with confidence intervals (CI) of 95%. Multivariate analysis was carried out using Poisson regression. Results BE prevalence was 53.2%, and the prevalence in super superobese women (BMI ≥ 60 kg/m2) was 75%. After multivariate analysis, associations were observed between the age group 40-49 years old (PR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2-3.4) and the “snacking habit” (PR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.2-2.9). Conclusion The prevalence of BE in severe obese women was high. Association with the “snacking habit” can be a BE marker that should be monitored in the severely obese individuals that fit this profile.
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