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Gawłowska B, Chawłowska E. An Assessment of Health Behaviours in Primary Care Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1405. [PMID: 39057548 PMCID: PMC11275404 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A healthy lifestyle is a key determinant of health, especially for people with chronic diseases such as diabetes or hypertension. The health behaviours which contribute to a healthy lifestyle include the following: regular physical activity, preventive examinations, maintaining a proper diet and avoiding the consumption of alcohol or cigarettes. They have a significant impact on the disease process, controlling symptoms and preventing complications. The aim of this study was to examine the health behaviours related to diet, physical activity and prevention among Polish primary health care patients and to identify predictors of health behaviours. For this reason, the standardized Health Behaviour Scale (HBS) questionnaire was used. The study was conducted among 269 patients (including 61.71% women) in primary health care facilities. The mean age of participants was 52.89 years (±17.76). The mean HBS score was 36.93 ± 9.66. A statistically significant association was found between HBS scores and such sociodemographic variables as education (p = 0.0061, r = 0.17), body mass index (p = 0.0018, r = -0.20, β = -0.36) and self-assessed economic status (p = 0.0094, r = 0.16). Women's health behaviours as measured by HBS were significantly better than men's (p < 0.001, β = -6.82). A special focus should be given to the groups manifesting poorer health behaviours (e.g., men, older people and persons with low socioeconomic status) by offering them tailored health-promoting interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gawłowska
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Chawłowska
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
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Prevalence of vitamin B complex deficiencies in women in reproductive age, pregnant, or lactating woman in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 2023; 12:13. [PMID: 36698215 PMCID: PMC9875441 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin B deficiencies are involved with several outcomes in fertility and pregnancy. In Brazil, the national prevalence rates of these micronutrient deficiencies in women of reproductive age were not known. This study aims to systematically identify, select, evaluate, analyze, and report the prevalence rates of vitamin B complex deficiencies in women of reproductive age in Brazil and identify variables that may modify the outcome rates. METHODS A systematic review will be conducted guided by the following question: "What is the prevalence of vitamin B deficiencies in women of reproductive age in Brazil?". The studies will be identified and selected from a literature search using electronic databases, consultation with researchers/specialists, and reference lists of eligible studies and reviews on the topic. Major eligibility criteria include observational cross-sectional and cohort studies carried out in Brazil and performed in women 10-49 years old, or pregnant and lactating mothers, and investigated the deficiency of vitamin B complex by laboratory test. Two reviewers independently will perform the screening and selection of the studies, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. For the data report, a narrative approach will be used to present the characteristics of the included studies and individual findings. A random meta-analysis model will be implemented to summarize the individual prevalence rates in a global value if the studies are sufficiently homogeneous. DISCUSSION This study aims to identify the national and regional prevalence rates of vitamin B complex deficiencies in women of reproductive age; allow the policymakers discuss, plan, and implement public policies to screen; and prevent and/or treat these malnutrition conditions. This also aims to know the rates of nutritional deficiencies over the years, serving as an indirect indicator of the socioeconomic and dietary patterns of the population. Specifically for folate, this study allows to compare the prevalence rates of deficiency of this vitamin before and after the mandatory fortification of wheat and corn flours implemented since 2004 in Brazil, in this specific population. The evidence gathered may highlight the need for population-based studies to investigate the deficiency of these vitamins. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020188474.
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de Sousa LCM, Silva NR, Azeredo CM, Rinaldi AEM, da Silva LS. Health-related patterns and chronic kidney disease in the Brazilian population: National Health Survey, 2019. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1090196. [PMID: 37089474 PMCID: PMC10117670 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1090196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to identify patterns related to health and their association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Brazilian population. Methods We used data from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2019. Participants were interviewed and answered questions related to socioeconomic and demographic information (gender, age, education, race/color), health conditions (presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, overweight and CKD) and lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and food consumption). To identify patterns, we used exploratory factor analysis. We performed logistic regression models to describe the association of CKD with each pattern in crude models and adjusted for gender, age group, education level and race/color. Results A total of 90,846 individuals were evaluated. The prevalence of CKD was 1.49% (95% CI: 1.3-1.6). Three health-related patterns - metabolic factors, behavioral risk factors and behavioral protective factors - were identified by factor analysis. Metabolic factors were determined by the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Behavioral risk factors were determined by smoking, alcohol consumption, regular consumption of soft drinks, sweets and artificial juices, and high salt consumption. The protective behavioral factors were established by the practice of physical activity and regular consumption of vegetables and fruits. Participants of the highest tertile for metabolic factors were more likely to have CKD in the adjusted model (OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 2.69-4.85), when compared to those of the lower tertile. Conclusion The pattern referring to metabolic factors was associated with a higher chance of presenting CKD.
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da Silva RA, Fonseca LGDA, Silva JPDS, Lima NMFV, Gualdi LP, Lima INDF. The impact of the strategic action plan to combat chronic non-communicable diseases on hospital admissions and deaths from cardiovascular diseases in Brazil. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269583. [PMID: 35675279 PMCID: PMC9176809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the main causes of death worldwide, responsible for millions of hospital admissions per year, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Several strategies for controlling and coping with these diseases have been developed in several countries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the Strategic Action Plan to Combat NCDs (2011-2022) on hospital admissions, deaths and mortality rate in Brazil, classified by CVD. This is a descriptive study, with secondary data from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS). Hospital admissions, deaths and mortality rate due to CVD in the Brazilian population aged over 20 years were analyzed, according to region, sex and age group. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism program. Data normality was assessed using the Komogorov Smirnov test and the comparison between groups and year periods was performed using the two-way ANOVA test with Tukey's post hoc test. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. In this study, in most analyses, a reduction in the hospitalization rates of the adult population was observed after the implementation of the plan, however, there was no improvement in relation to the number of deaths and mortality rate from CVD. This shows that there is still a long way to go to reduce the impact of these diseases in Brazil, and they reaffirm the need for and importance of maintaining the prevention of their risk factors, the social determinants of health and the reorganization of care in the face of to population aging. Such findings contribute with information that allow better control and monitoring of CVD and should be considered when implementing new strategies for prevention, care and control of risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Alves da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Luiza Gabriela de Araújo Fonseca
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - João Pedro de Santana Silva
- Curso de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Núbia Maria Freire Vieira Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Lucien Peroni Gualdi
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Illia Nadinne Dantas Florentino Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Cruz MS, Silva ICFD, Miguez JSG, Machado MPR. Prevalence of hypertension and obesity in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Silva AR, Lopes MS, Campos SF, Dos Santos LC, Freitas PP, Lopes AC. Dietary and nutrient intake among participants of a Brazilian health promotion programme: a cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:6218-6226. [PMID: 34037518 PMCID: PMC11148600 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Developing health promotion activities, aimed at healthy food intake, is essential for improving quality of life and reducing the prevalence of chronic diseases. Thus, the objective of this study is to describe both dietary and nutrient intake, according to length of participation in a health promotion service (Programa Academia da Saúde - PAS). DESIGN A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of PAS units in vulnerable areas of the city. Dietary and nutrient intake were assessed, using the average of two 24-h recalls. Food was categorised according to the NOVA (a systematic grouping of all foods according to the nature, extent and purpose of the industrial processes they undergo) classification. The length of participation in PAS is presented in months and is then examined in tertiles for analysis. SETTING Belo Horizonte - Brazil. PARTICIPANTS 3372 adults (≥20 years). RESULTS Users in the third tertile of PAS (24·4-61·6 months) experienced less energy intake, lipids and ultra-processed foods, and more culinary preparations, compared to others. Users in the second (10·1-24·3 months) and third tertiles of PAS had higher carbohydrate intake, Ca and vitamin C v those in the first tertile (0-10 months). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that greater participation in PAS can improve dietary and nutrient intake, showing its potential to promote healthy lifestyles, prevent chronic diseases and offer longitudinal health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica R Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Research Group on Nutrition Interventions at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariana S Lopes
- Department of Nutrition, Research Group on Nutrition Interventions at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Suellen F Campos
- Department of Nutrition, Research Group on Nutrition Interventions at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luana C Dos Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Research Group on Nutrition Interventions at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patrícia P Freitas
- Department of Nutrition, Research Group on Nutrition Interventions at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aline Cs Lopes
- Department of Nutrition, Research Group on Nutrition Interventions at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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de Carvalho RBN, Rauber F, Claro RM, Levy RB. Risk and protective behaviors for chronic non-communicable diseases among Brazilian adults. Public Health 2021; 195:7-14. [PMID: 34022664 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze behavioral patterns of protective and risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adults and to explore the association between these patterns and sociodemographic characteristics using data from the National Health Survey 2013. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS This is a population-based study, nationwide, of individuals aged ≥18 years (n = 60,202). The sampling process used was grouping with three selection stages: census sector, households, and individuals. The factor analysis by principal component was used to identify behavioral patterns of protective and risk factors for NCDs. Linear regression was used to explore the association between patterns and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Two behavioral patterns were identified: a 'protective pattern' featured by consumption of vegetable, fruits/natural fruit juice, and low-fat milk and recommended physical activity practice during leisure time; and a 'risk pattern' characterized by consumption of high-fat meat and soft drinks, alcohol abuse, and smoking habit. Adherence to the protective pattern was associated with older White women who had higher levels of education, were economically active, and lived in the urban areas of the country. Younger, economically active men living in the urban areas were associated with the risk patterns. CONCLUSIONS Two behavioral patterns for NCDs have been identified and are distributed non-randomly in the adult Brazilian population. These findings are expected to contribute to better targeting health promotion and prevention of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B N de Carvalho
- Program of Post-Graduation in Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; Nursing Course, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Federal University of Piaui, Picos, 64607-670, Brazil.
| | - F Rauber
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - R M Claro
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 3013100, Brazil.
| | - R B Levy
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil.
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Age-Related and Gender-Related Increases in Colorectal Cancer Mortality Rates in Brazil Between 1979 and 2015: Projections for Continuing Rises in Disease. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 52:280-288. [PMID: 32248507 PMCID: PMC7900022 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Brazil is the largest country in South America. Although a developing nation, birth rates have been decreasing in the last few decades, while its overall population is undergoing lifestyle changes and ageing significantly. Moreover, Brazil has had increasingly high mortality rates related to colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we investigated whether the Brazilian population is exhibiting increasing mortality rates related to colon cancer (CC) or rectal cancer (RC) in recent years. Methods We examined data from the Brazilian Federal Government from 1979 to 2015 to determine whether CRC mortality and the population ageing process may be associated. Results Our mathematical modelling suggests that mortality rates related to CC and RC events in the Brazilian population may increase by 79% and 66% in the next 24 years, respectively. This finding led us to explore the mortality rates for both diseases in the country, and we observed that the highest levels were in the south and southeast regions from the year 2000 onwards. CC events appear to decrease life expectancy among people during their second decade of life in recent years, whereas RC events induced decreases in life expectancy in those aged >30 years. Additionally, both CC and RC events seem to promote significant mortality rates in the male population aged > 60 years and living in the southern states. Conclusion Our dataset suggests that both CC and RC events may lead to a significantly increasing number of deaths in the Brazilian male population in coming years.
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