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Kenney RM, Lloyd CC, Whitman NA, Lockett MR. 3D cellular invasion platforms: how do paper-based cultures stack up? Chem Commun (Camb) 2018. [PMID: 28621775 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02357j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cellular invasion is the gateway to metastasis, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Invasion is driven by a number of chemical and mechanical stresses that arise in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro assays are needed for the systematic study of cancer progress. To be truly predictive, these assays must generate tissue-like environments that can be experimentally controlled and manipulated. While two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures are easily assembled and evaluated, they lack the extracellular components needed to assess invasion. Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are better suited for invasion studies because they generate cellular phenotypes that are more representative of those found in vivo. This feature article provides an overview of four invasion platforms. We focus on paper-based cultures, an emerging 3D culture platform capable of generating tissue-like structures and quantifying cellular invasion. Paper-based cultures are as easily assembled and analyzed as monolayers, but provide an experimentally powerful platform capable of supporting: co-cultures and representative extracellular environments; experimentally controlled gradients; readouts capable of quantifying, discerning, and separating cells based on their invasiveness. With a series of examples we highlight the potential of paper-based cultures, and discuss how they stack up against other invasion platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Kenney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA.
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2
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Tay HM, Dalan R, Li KHH, Boehm BO, Hou HW. A Novel Microdevice for Rapid Neutrophil Purification and Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702832. [PMID: 29168915 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil dysfunction is strongly linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathophysiology, but the prognostic potential of neutrophil biomarkers remains largely unexplored due to arduous leukocyte isolation methods. Herein, a novel integrated microdevice is reported for single-step neutrophil sorting and phenotyping (chemotaxis and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis)) using small blood volumes (fingerprick). Untouched neutrophils are purified on-chip from whole blood directly using biomimetic cell margination and affinity-based capture, and are exposed to preloaded chemoattractant or NETosis stimulant to initiate chemotaxis or NETosis, respectively. Device performance is first characterized using healthy and in vitro inflamed blood samples (tumor necrosis factor alpha, high glucose), followed by clinical risk stratification in a cohort of subjects with T2DM. Interestingly, "high-risk" T2DM patients characterized by severe chemotaxis impairment reveal significantly higher C-reactive protein levels and poor lipid metabolism characteristics as compared to "low-risk" subjects, and their neutrophil chemotaxis responses can be mitigated after in vitro metformin treatment. Overall, this unique and user-friendly microfluidics immune health profiling strategy can significantly aid the quantification of chemotaxis and NETosis in clinical settings, and be further translated into a tool for risk stratification and precision medicine methods in subjects with metabolic diseases such as T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Tay
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Rinkoo Dalan
- Endocrine and Diabetes, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - King Ho Holden Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Block N3, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bernhard O Boehm
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
- Endocrine and Diabetes, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
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3
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Construction of Tumor Tissue Array on An Open-Access Microfluidic Chip. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(17)61064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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4
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Lin D, Li P, Lin J, Shu B, Wang W, Zhang Q, Yang N, Liu D, Xu B. Orthogonal Screening of Anticancer Drugs Using an Open-Access Microfluidic Tissue Array System. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11976-11984. [PMID: 29053257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Screening for potential drug combinations presents significant challenges to the current microfluidic cell culture systems, due to the requirement of flexibility in liquid handling. To overcome this limitation, we present here an open-access microfluidic tissue array system specifically designed for drug combination screening. The microfluidic chip features a key structure in which a nanoporous membrane is sandwiched by a cell culture chamber array layer and a corresponding media reservoir array layer. The microfluidic approach takes advantage of the characteristics of the nanoporous membrane: on one side, this membrane permits the flow of air but not liquid, thus acting as a flow-stop valve to enable automatic cell distribution; on the other side, it allows diffusion-based media exchange and thus mimics the endothelial layer. In synergy with a liquid-transferring platform, the open-access microfluidic system enables complex multistep operations involving long-term cell culture, medium exchange, multistep drug treatment, and cell-viability testing. By using the microfluidic protocol, a 10 × 10 tissue array was constructed in 90 s, followed by schedule-dependent drug testing. Morphological and immunohistochemical assays indicated that the resultant tumor tissue was faithful to that in vivo. Drug-testing assays showed that the incorporation of the nanoporous membrane further decreased killing efficacy of the anticancer agents, indicating its function as an endothelial layer. Robustness of the microfluidic system was demonstrated by implementing a three-factor, three-level orthogonal screening of anticancer drug combinations, with which 67% of the testing (9 vs. 27) was saved. Experimental results demonstrated that the microfluidic tissue system presented herein is flexible and easy-to-use, thus providing an ideal tool for performing complex multistep cell assays with high efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguo Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Clinical Molecular Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Peiwen Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Jinqiong Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Bowen Shu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Clinical Molecular Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Weixin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Clinical Molecular Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Dayu Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Clinical Molecular Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Banglao Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510180, China.,Clinical Molecular Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510180, China
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5
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Sun YS. Studying Electrotaxis in Microfluidic Devices. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E2048. [PMID: 28880251 PMCID: PMC5621068 DOI: 10.3390/s17092048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Collective cell migration is important in various physiological processes such as morphogenesis, cancer metastasis and cell regeneration. Such migration can be induced and guided by different chemical and physical cues. Electrotaxis, referring to the directional migration of adherent cells under stimulus of electric fields, is believed to be highly involved in the wound-healing process. Electrotactic experiments are conventionally conducted in Petri dishes or cover glasses wherein cells are cultured and electric fields are applied. However, these devices suffer from evaporation of the culture medium, non-uniformity of electric fields and low throughput. To overcome these drawbacks, micro-fabricated devices composed of micro-channels and fluidic components have lately been applied to electrotactic studies. Microfluidic devices are capable of providing cells with a precise micro-environment including pH, nutrition, temperature and various stimuli. Therefore, with the advantages of reduced cell/reagent consumption, reduced Joule heating and uniform and precise electric fields, microfluidic chips are perfect platforms for observing cell migration under applied electric fields. In this paper, I review recent developments in designing and fabricating microfluidic devices for studying electrotaxis, aiming to provide critical updates in this rapidly-growing, interdisciplinary field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Shin Sun
- Department of Physics, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
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Roh C, Lee J, Kinger M, Kang C. In Vitro Studies on a Microfluidic Sensor with Embedded Obstacles Using New Antibacterial Synthetic Compounds (1-TDPPO) Mixed Prop-2-en-1-one with Difluoro Phenyl. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040803. [PMID: 28397751 PMCID: PMC5422164 DOI: 10.3390/s17040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of an analytical microfluidic sensor for accelerating chemo-repellent response and strong anti-bacterial 1-(Thien-2-yl)-3-(2, 6-difluoro phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (1-TDPPO). The chemically-synthesized antimicrobial agent, which included prop-2-en-1-one and difluoro phenyl groups, was moving through an optically transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic sensor with circular obstacles arranged evenly. The response, growth and distribution of fluorescent labeling Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 against the antimicrobial agent were monitored by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The microfluidic sensor along with 1-TDPPOin this study exhibits the following advantages: (i) Real-time chemo-repellent responses of cell dynamics; (ii) Rapid eradication of biofilm by embedded obstacles and powerful antibacterial agents, which significantly reduce the response time compared to classical methods; (iii) Minimal consumption of cells and antimicrobial agents; and (iv) Simplifying the process of the normalization of the fluorescence intensity and monitoring of biofilm by captured images and datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhyun Roh
- Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 1266, Sinjeong-Dong, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Korea.
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Textile Engineering and Technology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
| | - Mayank Kinger
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, (Ambala) Haryana 133207, India.
| | - Chankyu Kang
- Ministry of Employment and Labor, Major Industrial Accident Prevention Center, 34 Yeosusandallo, Yeosu-Si, Jeonnam 59631, Korea.
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Chowdhury AN, Vo HT, Olang S, Mappus E, Peterson B, Hlavac N, Harvey T, Dean D. A Customizable Chamber for Measuring Cell Migration. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28362404 DOI: 10.3791/55264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a vital part of immune responses, growth, and wound healing. Cell migration is a complex process that involves interactions between cells, the extracellular matrix, and soluble and non-soluble chemical factors (e.g., chemoattractants). Standard methods for measuring the migration of cells, such as the Boyden chamber assay, work by counting cells on either side of a divider. These techniques are easy to use; however, they offer little geometric modification for different applications. In contrast, microfluidic devices can be used to observe cell migration with customizable concentration gradients of soluble factors1,2. However, methods for making microfluidics based assays can be difficult to learn. Here, we describe an easy method for creating cell culture chambers to measure cell migration in response to chemical concentration gradients. Our cell migration chamber method can create different linear concentration gradients in order to study cell migration for a variety of applications. This method is relatively easy to use and is typically performed by undergraduate students. The microchannel chamber was created by placing an acrylic insert in the shape of the final microchannel chamber well into a Petri dish. After this, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was poured on top of the insert. The PDMS was allowed to harden and then the insert was removed. This allowed for the creation of wells in any desired shape or size. Cells may be subsequently added to the microchannel chamber, and soluble agents can be added to one of the wells by soaking an agarose block in the desired agent. The agarose block is added to one of the wells, and time-lapse images can be taken of the microchannel chamber in order to quantify cell migration. Variations to this method can be made for a given application, making this method highly customizable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huu Tri Vo
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University
| | - Sharon Olang
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University
| | | | | | - Nora Hlavac
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University
| | - Tyler Harvey
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University
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Birchler A, Berger M, Jäggin V, Lopes T, Etzrodt M, Misun PM, Pena-Francesch M, Schroeder T, Hierlemann A, Frey O. Seamless Combination of Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting and Hanging-Drop Networks for Individual Handling and Culturing of Stem Cells and Microtissue Spheroids. Anal Chem 2016; 88:1222-9. [PMID: 26694967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Open microfluidic cell culturing devices offer new possibilities to simplify loading, culturing, and harvesting of individual cells or microtissues due to the fact that liquids and cells/microtissues are directly accessible. We present a complete workflow for microfluidic handling and culturing of individual cells and microtissue spheroids, which is based on the hanging-drop network concept: The open microfluidic devices are seamlessly combined with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), so that individual cells, including stem cells, can be directly sorted into specified culturing compartments in a fully automated way and at high accuracy. Moreover, already assembled microtissue spheroids can be loaded into the microfluidic structures by using a conventional pipet. Cell and microtissue culturing is then performed in hanging drops under controlled perfusion. On-chip drop size control measures were applied to stabilize the system. Cells and microtissue spheroids can be retrieved from the chip by using a parallelized transfer method. The presented methodology holds great promise for combinatorial screening of stem-cell and multicellular-spheroid cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Birchler
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Bio Engineering Laboratory, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mischa Berger
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Bio Engineering Laboratory, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Verena Jäggin
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Single Cell Facility, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Telma Lopes
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Single Cell Facility, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Etzrodt
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Cell Systems Dynamics Group, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Mark Misun
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Bio Engineering Laboratory, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Pena-Francesch
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Bio Engineering Laboratory, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timm Schroeder
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Cell Systems Dynamics Group, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Bio Engineering Laboratory, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Frey
- ETH Zurich , Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Bio Engineering Laboratory, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Valignat MP, Nègre P, Cadra S, Lellouch AC, Gallet F, Hénon S, Theodoly O. Lymphocytes can self-steer passively with wind vane uropods. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5213. [PMID: 25323331 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of cells migrate directionally in response to chemical or mechanical cues, however the mechanisms involved in cue detection and translation into directed movement are debatable. Here we investigate a model of lymphocyte migration on the inner surface of blood vessels. Cells orient their migration against fluid flow, suggesting the existence of an adaptive mechano-tranduction mechanism. We find that flow detection may not require molecular mechano-sensors of shear stress, and detection of flow direction can be achieved by the orientation in the flow of the non-adherent cell rear, the uropod. Uropods act as microscopic wind vanes that can transmit detection of flow direction into cell steering via the on-going machinery of polarity maintenance, without the need for novel internal guidance signalling triggered by flow. Contrary to chemotaxis, which implies active regulation of cue-dependent signalling, upstream flow mechanotaxis of lymphocytes may only rely on a passive self-steering mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Valignat
- 1] Laboratory Adhesion &Inflammation, Aix Marseille Université, LAI UM 61, Marseille F-13288, France [2] Inserm, UMR_S 1067, Marseille F-13288, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7333, Marseille F-13288, France
| | - Paulin Nègre
- 1] Laboratory Adhesion &Inflammation, Aix Marseille Université, LAI UM 61, Marseille F-13288, France [2] Inserm, UMR_S 1067, Marseille F-13288, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7333, Marseille F-13288, France [4] APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Marseille F-13385, France
| | - Sophie Cadra
- 1] Laboratory Adhesion &Inflammation, Aix Marseille Université, LAI UM 61, Marseille F-13288, France [2] Inserm, UMR_S 1067, Marseille F-13288, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7333, Marseille F-13288, France
| | - Annemarie C Lellouch
- 1] Laboratory Adhesion &Inflammation, Aix Marseille Université, LAI UM 61, Marseille F-13288, France [2] Inserm, UMR_S 1067, Marseille F-13288, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7333, Marseille F-13288, France
| | - François Gallet
- Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, MSC UMR 7057, Paris F-75205, France
| | - Sylvie Hénon
- Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS, MSC UMR 7057, Paris F-75205, France
| | - Olivier Theodoly
- 1] Laboratory Adhesion &Inflammation, Aix Marseille Université, LAI UM 61, Marseille F-13288, France [2] Inserm, UMR_S 1067, Marseille F-13288, France [3] CNRS, UMR 7333, Marseille F-13288, France
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10
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Hockemeyer K, Janetopoulos C, Terekhov A, Hofmeister W, Vilgelm A, Costa L, Wikswo JP, Richmond A. Engineered three-dimensional microfluidic device for interrogating cell-cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:044105. [PMID: 25379090 PMCID: PMC4189212 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment play a key role in the metastatic properties of a tumor. It is recognized that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and endothelial cells secrete factors capable of influencing tumor cell migration into the blood or lymphatic vessels. We developed a microfluidic device that can be used to image the interactions between stromal cells and tumor cell spheroids in a three dimensional (3D) microenvironment while enabling external control of interstitial flow at an interface, which supports endothelial cells. The apparatus couples a 200-μm channel with a semicircular well to mimic the interface of a blood vessel with the stroma, and the design allows for visualization of the interactions of interstitial flow, endothelial cells, leukocytes, and fibroblasts with the tumor cells. We observed that normal tissue-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) contribute to the "single file" pattern of migration of tumor cells from the spheroid in the 3D microenvironment. In contrast, CAFs induce a rapid dispersion of tumor cells out of the spheroid with migration into the 3D matrix. Moreover, treatment of tumor spheroid cultures with the chemokine CXCL12 mimics the effect of the CAFs, resulting in similar patterns of dispersal of the tumor cells from the spheroid. Conversely, addition of CXCL12 to co-cultures of NAFs with tumor spheroids did not mimic the effects observed with CAF co-cultures, suggesting that NAFs produce factors that stabilize the tumor spheroids to reduce their migration in response to CXCL12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Terekhov
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute , Tullahoma, Tennessee 37388-9700, USA
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11
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Yan Y, Jiang L, Aufderheide KJ, Wright GA, Terekhov A, Costa L, Qin K, McCleery WT, Fellenstein JJ, Ustione A, Robertson JB, Johnson CH, Piston DW, Hutson MS, Wikswo JP, Hofmeister W, Janetopoulos C. A microfluidic-enabled mechanical microcompressor for the immobilization of live single- and multi-cellular specimens. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2014; 20:141-51. [PMID: 24444078 PMCID: PMC4026272 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927613014037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A microcompressor is a precision mechanical device that flattens and immobilizes living cells and small organisms for optical microscopy, allowing enhanced visualization of sub-cellular structures and organelles. We have developed an easily fabricated device, which can be equipped with microfluidics, permitting the addition of media or chemicals during observation. This device can be used on both upright and inverted microscopes. The apparatus permits micrometer precision flattening for nondestructive immobilization of specimens as small as a bacterium, while also accommodating larger specimens, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, for long-term observations. The compressor mount is removable and allows easy specimen addition and recovery for later observation. Several customized specimen beds can be incorporated into the base. To demonstrate the capabilities of the device, we have imaged numerous cellular events in several protozoan species, in yeast cells, and in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. We have been able to document previously unreported events, and also perform photobleaching experiments, in conjugating Tetrahymena thermophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Gus A. Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alexander Terekhov
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
| | - Lino Costa
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - W. Tyler McCleery
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Ustione
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - J. Brian Robertson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - David W. Piston
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - M. Shane Hutson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John P. Wikswo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - William Hofmeister
- Center for Laser Applications, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chris Janetopoulos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Corresponding author.
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12
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Wu J, Wu X, Lin F. Recent developments in microfluidics-based chemotaxis studies. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2484-99. [PMID: 23712326 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50415h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices can better control cellular microenvironments compared to conventional cell migration assays. Over the past few years, microfluidics-based chemotaxis studies showed a rapid growth. New strategies were developed to explore cell migration in manipulated chemical gradients. In addition to expanding the use of microfluidic devices for a broader range of cell types, microfluidic devices were used to study cell migration and chemotaxis in complex environments. Furthermore, high-throughput microfluidic chemotaxis devices and integrated microfluidic chemotaxis systems were developed for medical and commercial applications. In this article, we review recent developments in microfluidics-based chemotaxis studies and discuss the new trends in this field observed over the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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