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Madrid-Valero JJ, Sánchez-Romera JF, Martínez-Selva JM, Ordoñana JR. Phenotypic, Genetic and Environmental Architecture of the Components of Sleep Quality. Behav Genet 2022; 52:236-245. [PMID: 36008741 PMCID: PMC9463263 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-022-10111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The genetic and environmental underpinnings of sleep quality have been widely investigated. However, less is known about the etiology of the different sleep quality components and their associations. Subjective sleep quality has been studied most commonly using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Therefore, this work aimed to study the structure of sleep quality dimensions in a population-based twin sample by examining the etiology of the associations among the PSQI components themselves and between them. The sample comprised 2129 participants from the Murcia Twin Registry. In order to study the phenotypic, genetic and environmental structure of the PSQI we used three alternative multivariate twin models including all seven sub-scales of the PSQI (subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, efficiency, disturbances, use of sleeping medication and daytime dysfunction): a multivariate model (with seven separate correlated factors), a common pathway model and an independent pathway model. The multivariate correlated factors model showed the best fit to the data. All twin models indicated significant genetic overlap among most of the PSQI components, except daytime dysfunction and use of sleep medication. Bivariate heritability explained between 25 and 50% of the covariance for most associations between dimensions. Furthermore, the common pathway model showed that around one third of the variance (0.32; CI 95% 0.18.0.43) of a latent factor common to all questionnaire dimensions is explained by genetic factors. Genetic influences on a latent factor common to all questionnaire dimensions produced the same heritability estimates as the PSQI global score. However, sleep quality dimensions showed considerable specificity regarding its genetic-environmental structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose M Martínez-Selva
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
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2
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Madrid-Valero JJ, Andreucci A, Carrillo E, Ferreira PH, Martínez-Selva JM, Ordoñana JR. Nature and nurture. Genetic and environmental factors on the relationship between back pain and sleep quality. Eur J Pain 2022; 26:1460-1468. [PMID: 35536235 PMCID: PMC9541574 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic low back pain (LBP), neck pain (NP), and sleep quality (SQ) are genetically influenced. All three conditions frequently co-occur and shared genetic etiology on a pairwise base has been reported. However, to our knowledge no study has yet investigated if these three conditions are influenced by the same genetic and environmental factors and the extent and pattern of genetic overlap between them, hence the current research. METHODS The sample included 2134 participants. Lifetime prevalence of NP and LBP were assessed through a dichotomous self-reported question derived from the Spanish National Health Survey. SQ was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire. A common pathway model with sleep quality and back pain as latent factors was fitted. RESULTS Our results highlight that a latent back pain factor, including both NP and LBP, is explained by both genetic (41%) and environmental (59%) factors. There are also significant unique environmental factors for NP (33%) and LBP (37%) respectively. Yet, specific genetic factors were scant (9%) for NP and negligible for LBP (0%). Genetic and environmental factors affecting SQ only contribute with 3% and 5% of the variance, respectively, to the common latent back pain variable. CONCLUSIONS NP and LBP share most of their genetic variance, while environmental effects show greater specificity for each of the back pain locations. Associations with SQ were of a limited magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Spain
| | - Alessandro Andreucci
- Center for General Practice at Aalborg University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Fyrkildevej 7, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.,Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Eduvigis Carrillo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo 30100, Murcia, Spain.,Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Jose M Martínez-Selva
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo 30100, Murcia, Spain.,Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo 30100, Murcia, Spain.,Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
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3
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Abtahi H, Gholamzadeh M, Shahmoradi L, Shariat M. An information-based framework for development national twin registry: Scoping review and focus group discussion. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021; 36:1423-1444. [PMID: 34519094 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Registries in various clinical domains have been established in the last decades. The specific genetic structure of twins has enabled researchers to find answers to the role of genetics and the environment in medical sciences. Thus, twin registries were developed across the world to support twin studies. Our main objective was to devise a conceptual model for developing the national twin registry to ensure the success of this registry. METHODS In this descriptive and qualitative study, the combination of literature review and focus group discussions was applied to achieve suitable models for developing a national twin registry based on lessons learned from founded registries. The qualitative synthesis and reporting results were conducted based on the COREQ checklist. RESULTS According to a systematic literature review, the characteristics and employed strategies employed by established twin registries were recognized. Moreover, based on our objectives, suitable models for registry development were defined. The source of information, the different levels of data, and the information flow were determined based on this model. CONCLUSION Suggesting a conceptual framework for twin registry development at the national level based on the experiences of other countries could contribute to a greater understanding of twin registry implementation efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Abtahi
- Associate Professor of Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marsa Gholamzadeh
- Ph.D. Student in Medical Informatics, Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Shahmoradi
- Associate Professor of Health Information Management, Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mamak Shariat
- Family Health Research Institute, Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Pusti D, Benito A, Madrid-Valero JJ, Ordoñana JR, Artal P. Disparity between central and peripheral refraction inheritance in twins. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12196. [PMID: 34108506 PMCID: PMC8190255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decades have witnessed a sudden increase in myopia incidence among youngsters that have been related to modern lifestyle along with the use of emerging technologies affecting visual exposure. Increasing exposures to known risk factors for myopia, such as time spent indoors, close-distance work, or low-light conditions are thought to be responsible for this public health issue. In most cases, development of myopia is secondary to a vitreous chamber enlargement, although the related mechanisms and the potential interaction between central and peripheral retinal area remain unclear. For a better understanding, we performed a classical twin study where objective refractive error along 70° of horizontal retinal arc was measured in 100 twin pairs of university students, 78% of which showed manifest myopia. We found the variance of shared environmental origin (range 0.34 to 0.67) explained most of the objective refractive error variance within central 42° of the retina (22° temporal to 19° nasal), whereas additive genetic variance (range 0.34 to 0.76) was predominant in the peripheral retinal areas measured. In this sample of millennial university students, with a large prevalence of myopia, environmental exposures were mostly responsible for inter-individual variation in the retinal horizontal area surrounding the macula, while their relative weight on phenotypic variance was gradually descending, and replaced by the variance of genetic origin, towards the retinal periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Pusti
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Benito
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Registro de Gemelos de Murcia, Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Ho EKY, Ferreira M, Pinheiro M, Carvalho-E-Silva AP, Madrid-Valero JJ, Zadro J, Ordoñana J, Ferreira P. Factors associated with seeking medical care for low back pain in a twin adult sample. Eur J Pain 2021; 25:1091-1106. [PMID: 33469982 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have only investigated how symptom presentation and socio-demographic factors influence care-seeking for low back pain (LBP). However, the influence of health and lifestyle factors remains unclear, and the potential confounding effects of aggregated familial factors (including genetics and the early shared environment) has not been considered extensively. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1605 twins enrolled in the Murcia Twin Registry (Spain). The outcome was seeking medical care for LBP and various self-reported demographic, health and lifestyle factors were considered predictors. All variables except sleep quality and diabetes were collected in 2013, which were cross-referenced from 2009 to 2010. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed on the total sample, followed by a co-twin case-control analysis. RESULTS The only significant factor found to increase the odds of seeking medical care for LBP without being affected by familial factors was poor sleep quality (total sample OR = 1.58, 95%CI 1.24-2.01; case-control OR = 1.75, 95%CI 1.14-2.69). The factors that were associated with reduced odds of seeking medical care for LBP and not confounded by familial factors were male sex (case-control OR = 0.55, 95%CI 0.33-0.93), alcohol intake (case-control OR = 0.90, 95%CI 0.82-0.99) and a history of diabetes (case-control OR = 0.50, 95%CI 0.25-0.97). No other factors significantly influenced medical care-seeking for LBP. CONCLUSIONS People reporting poor sleep quality are more likely to seek medical care for LBP in the long term, with this relationship being independent from aggregated familial factors. Conversely, males, people reporting higher alcohol intake, and people with a history of diabetes are less likely to seek medical care for LBP. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study investigating the factors that influence seeking medical care for LBP, while adjusting for the influence of familial factors using a co-twin control design. Poor sleep quality is associated with seeking medical care for LBP in the long term and does not appear to be confounded by familial factors. Early screening for indicators of poor sleep quality and appropriate referral to interventions for improving sleep quality or reducing pain in sleep may improve LBP management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kwan-Yee Ho
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marina Pinheiro
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ana Paula Carvalho-E-Silva
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan Jose Madrid-Valero
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology and Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University of Murcia, Murica, Spain
| | - Joshua Zadro
- The University of Sydney, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology and Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University of Murcia, Murica, Spain
| | - Paulo Ferreira
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Andreucci A, Madrid-Valero JJ, Ferreira PH, Ordoñana JR. Sleep quality and chronic neck pain: a cotwin study. J Clin Sleep Med 2020; 16:679-687. [PMID: 32026805 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep quality and chronic neck pain (NP) are associated. However, the genetic influences on this association have not been explored. This study investigated the genetic and environmental influences on the association between sleep quality and chronic NP. METHODS The sample comprised 2,328 individual twins from the Murcia Twin Registry (Spain). A bidirectional cotwin logistic regression analysis was performed (sleep quality assessed as the exposure and chronic NP as the outcome and vice versa). Analysis included 2 sequential stages: total sample analysis and within-pair twin case-control analysis. RESULTS Sleep quality was significantly associated with chronic NP in the total sample analysis (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.12; P < .001); in the cotwin case-control analysis, including both monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs (adjusted OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.17; P = .001); in dizygotic pairs (Adjusted OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.19; P = .005); but not in monozygotic pairs (adjusted OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.19; P = .118). Chronic NP was significantly associated with poor sleep quality in the total sample analysis (adjusted OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.43, 2.26; P < .001); in the cotwin case-control analysis, including both monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs (Adjusted OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.47; P = .023); in dizygotic pairs (Adjusted OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.09; P = .031), but not in monozygotic pairs (adjusted OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 0.80, 3.48; P = .170). CONCLUSIONS The association between sleep quality and chronic NP is partially confounded by genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Andreucci
- Center for General Practice at Aalborg University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.,Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
TwinsMX is a national twin registry in Mexico recently created with institutional support from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. It aims to serve as a platform to advance epidemiological and genetic research in the country and to disentangle the genetic and environmental contributions to health and disease in the admixed Mexican population. Here, we describe our recruitment and data collection strategies and discuss both the progress to date and future directions. More information about the registry is available on our website: https://twinsmxofficial.unam.mx/ (content in Spanish).
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8
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First Steps of the Mexico Twin Registry (RGMex-MexTR) at the University of Guadalajara. Twin Res Hum Genet 2019; 22:609-610. [PMID: 31840625 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2019.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well-known relevance of twin studies in the medical and social sciences and the growing number of twin registries throughout the world, Latin America has not fully incorporated into the twin research community. We describe the first steps taken toward developing a twin registry in Mexico: its aim, organization, recruiting potential and main short-term objectives.
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Abstract
The Murcia Twin Registry (MTR) is the only population-based registry in Spain. Created in 2006, the registry has been growing more than a decade to become one of the references for twin research in the Mediterranean region. The MTR database currently comprises 3545 adult participants born between 1940 and 1977. It also holds a recently launched satellite registry of university students (N = 204). Along five waves of data collection, the registry has gathered questionnaire and anthropometric data, as well as biological samples. The MTR keeps its main research focus on health and health-related behaviors from a public health perspective. This includes lifestyle, health promotion, quality of life or environmental conditions. Future short-term development points to the expansion of the biobank and the continuation of the collection of longitudinal data.
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10
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Carvalho‐E‐Silva APMC, Harmer AR, Pinheiro MB, Madrid‐Valero JJ, Ferreira M, Ordoñana JR, H.Ferreira P. Does the heritability of chronic low back pain depend on how the condition is assessed? Eur J Pain 2019; 23:1712-1722. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison R. Harmer
- Musculoskeletal Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Marina B. Pinheiro
- Musculoskeletal Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Juan J. Madrid‐Valero
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Murcia Institute of BioHealth Research (IMIB‐Arrixaca‐UMU) University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Juan R. Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Murcia Institute of BioHealth Research (IMIB‐Arrixaca‐UMU) University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - Paulo H.Ferreira
- Musculoskeletal Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
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B Amorim A, Simic M, Pappas E, Zadro JR, Carrillo E, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Is occupational or leisure physical activity associated with low back pain? Insights from a cross-sectional study of 1059 participants. Braz J Phys Ther 2019; 23:257-265. [PMID: 31130170 PMCID: PMC6531628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is a highly prevalent and disabling musculoskeletal disorder. Physical activity is widely used as a prevention strategy for numerous musculoskeletal disorders; however, there is still conflicting evidence as to whether physical activity is a protective or risk factor for low back pain or whether activity levels differ between people with and without low back pain. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between low back pain and different types (occupational and leisure) and intensities (moderate and vigorous) of physical activity. METHODS This is cross-sectional observational study. We included in this study a total of 1059 individuals recruited from a Spanish twin registry with data available on low back pain. OUTCOME Self-reported leisure and occupational physical activity were the explanatory variables. The low back pain outcome used in this study was recurrent low back pain. RESULTS Our results indicate that leisure physical activity is associated with a lower prevalence of recurrent low back pain. In contrast, occupational physical activity, such as carrying, lifting heavy weight while inclined, awkward postures (e.g. bending, twisting, squatting, and kneeling) are associated with a higher prevalence of recurrent low back pain. There was no statistically significant association between other occupational physical activities, such as sitting or standing, and low back pain. CONCLUSION Leisure and occupational physical activity are likely to have an opposed impact on low back pain. While leisure physical activity appears to be protective, occupational physical activity appears to be harmful to low back pain. Future longitudinal studies should assist in formulating guidelines addressing specific types and intensity of physical activity aimed at effectively preventing low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita B Amorim
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Milena Simic
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Evangelos Pappas
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua R Zadro
- School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eduvigis Carrillo
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Lopez-Minguez J, Dashti HS, Madrid-Valero JJ, Madrid JA, Saxena R, Scheer FAJL, Ordoñana JR, Garaulet M. Heritability of the timing of food intake. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:767-773. [PMID: 29571565 PMCID: PMC6135708 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS While environmental factors are presumed to be primary drivers of food timing, preliminary evidence suggests that genetics may be an additional determinant. The aim was to explore the relative contribution of genetics and environmental factors to variation in the timing of food intake in a Spanish twin population. Because chronotype, bedtime and wake time are related to food timing, covariance with food timing was further assessed. METHODS In this observational study, 53 pairs of adult (mean (SD) = 52 (6.03) years) female twins (28 monozygotic; 25 dizygotic) were recruited from the Murcia Twin Register. Zygosity was determined by DNA-testing. Timing of the three main meals of the day was assessed via 7-day dietary records, and the midpoint of food intake was computed by calculating the midpoint between breakfast and dinner times. Chronotype, bedtime and wake time were self-reported. Heritability of food timing and related traits were estimated by comparing monozygotic and dizygotic twin correlations and fitting genetic structural equation models to measured variables. RESULTS We observed genetic influences for food timing, with highest heritability for the midpoint of food intake (64%) in an overweight/obese population (BMI = 26.01 ± 3.77). Genetic factors contributed to a higher degree to the timing of breakfast (56%) than the timing of lunch (38%) or dinner (n.s.). Similarly, heritability estimates were larger in related behavioral traits earlier on in the day (i.e. wake time, (55%)), than those later on in the day (i.e. bedtime, (38%)). Bivariate analyses revealed a significant genetic overlap between food timing and bedtime and chronotype (rG between 0.78 and 0.91). CONCLUSIONS Genetic influences appear to account for a significant proportion of the variability in food timing, particularly breakfast. Thus, interventions related to food timing may be more effective when targeting afternoon/evening traits, such as lunch or dinner times. Furthermore, our data suggest shared genetic architecture underlying food timing and phenotypically related traits. CLINICAL TRIAL NCT03059576. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03059576.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Lopez-Minguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for BioHealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca-UM), University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Murcia Institute for BioHealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca-UM), University of Murcia, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan A Madrid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for BioHealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca-UM), University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank A J L Scheer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Institute for BioHealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca-UM), University of Murcia, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Murcia, Spain.
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Murcia Institute for BioHealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca-UM), University of Murcia, Spain.
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13
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Colodro-Conde L, Cross SM, Lind PA, Painter JN, Gunst A, Jern P, Johansson A, Lund Maegbaek M, Munk-Olsen T, Nyholt DR, Ordoñana JR, Paternoster L, Sánchez-Romera JF, Wright MJ, Medland SE. Cohort Profile: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy genetics consortium (NVP Genetics Consortium). Int J Epidemiol 2018; 46:e17. [PMID: 26921609 PMCID: PMC5837614 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Colodro-Conde
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Simone M Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Penelope A Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jodie N Painter
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Annika Gunst
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi, University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ada Johansson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi, University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Trine Munk-Olsen
- National Center for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus Denmark
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain and
| | - Margaret J Wright
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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14
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Marqueta-Gracia JJ, Álvarez-Álvarez M, Baeta M, Palencia-Madrid L, Prieto-Fernández E, Ordoñana JR, de Pancorbo MM. Differentially methylated CpG regions analyzed by PCR-high resolution melting for monozygotic twin pair discrimination. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2018; 37:e1-e5. [PMID: 30245065 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Discrimination between monozygotic (MZ) twins is a forensic limitation when using conventional DNA profiling techniques for human identification. Recent works based on epigenetics seem to open a new way to solve this issue due to methylation status of MZ twins change during their lifetime. Methylation analysis through BeadChip platforms allows the study up to 850 K CpG sites revealing that numerous differential methylation regions exist between MZ twins. However, this methodology is difficult to implement in forensic laboratories. On the contrary, PCR-HRM (High Resolution Melting) technology is one of the easiest methods for analyzing DNA methylation and it has been capable to discriminate between MZ twins. The purpose of this study is to contribute with new differential methylation regions in MZ twins to those that have been previously studied through PCR-HRM. Here, we have selected 6 CpG regions located at the ITGA2B, ASPA, PDE4C, ZIC5, USP11 and NOP14 loci that have shown methylation status variation during lifetime. The study has been carried out from saliva-derived DNA of 18 MZ twin pairs. The most discriminating regions were those located at ITGA2B, ASPA and ZIC5 loci showing significant within-pair differences in 44.4% of the cases. Non evidences of relation between age and significant differences between MZ twins were found, although the 50% of MZ twin pairs were discrimnated in the oldest age range (59-66 years old). These results support the use of these regions to increase the number of epigenetics age-related markers available to discriminate between MZ twins in a pair by PCR-HRM in forensic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier Marqueta-Gracia
- BIOMICs Research Group, Centro de Investigación "Lascaray" Ikergunea, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Maite Álvarez-Álvarez
- Proteomics and Genomics General Services: DNA Bank Unit (SGIker) University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Baeta
- BIOMICs Research Group, Centro de Investigación "Lascaray" Ikergunea, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Leire Palencia-Madrid
- BIOMICs Research Group, Centro de Investigación "Lascaray" Ikergunea, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Endika Prieto-Fernández
- BIOMICs Research Group, Centro de Investigación "Lascaray" Ikergunea, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology and Murcia Institute for BioHealth Research (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marian M de Pancorbo
- BIOMICs Research Group, Centro de Investigación "Lascaray" Ikergunea, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Av. Miguel de Unamuno 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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15
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Madrid-Valero JJ, Sánchez-Romera JF, Gregory AM, Martínez-Selva JM, Ordoñana JR. Heritability of sleep quality in a middle-aged twin sample from Spain. Sleep 2018; 41:5003439. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
| | - Alice M Gregory
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
| | - José M Martínez-Selva
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
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16
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether symptoms of depression increase the risk of low back pain (LBP), after adjusting for genetic and environmental influences. METHODS Baseline data of 1607 twins from the Murcia Twin Registry (Spain) were collected in 2009 to 2011 and follow-up data in 2013. Twins answered questions on depression-related symptomatology and LBP. Only participants not reporting chronic LBP (pain >6 mo) at baseline were included. The association between symptoms of depression and LBP was investigated using logistic regression analysis including the complete sample. Subsequent matched within-pair case-control analyses were performed with all complete dizygotic twin pairs discordant for LBP, followed by monozygotic twins. RESULTS In the total sample analysis, symptoms of depression did not significantly increase the risk of chronic LBP (odds ratio [OR]=1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96-2.03), LBP care seeking (OR=1.21; 95% CI, 0.81-1.81), or activity-limiting LBP (OR=1.09; 95% CI, 0.69-1.72). State depression (participants' symptoms at the moment of the interview) was significantly associated with future care seeking (OR=1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.12) and activity-limiting LBP (OR=1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.14). A significant association was found between trait depression and activity-limiting LBP (OR=1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.10), but not for the other LBP outcomes. No significant association was observed in any of the subsequent case-control analyses. DISCUSSION The magnitude of the association between depression and LBP seems to be small and may be confounded by genetic and early shared environment influences, although firm conclusions could not be made due to small sample size in the case-control analysis. In addition, the observed association is dependent on the method of assessment used for both conditions.
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17
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Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Sleep Quality and Low Back Pain: A Population-Based Twin Study. Psychosom Med 2018; 80:263-270. [PMID: 29240646 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to estimate the extent to which the co-occurrence of poor sleep quality and low back pain is due to the same genetic and/or environmental risk factors or due to a causal association. METHODS Cross-sectional data on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index) and low back pain were collected in a population-based sample of adult twins (N = 2134) registered with the Murcia Twin Registry. Bivariate analysis and structural equation modeling were used. RESULTS The phenotypic correlation between sleep quality and low back pain was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.17-0.28). The best-fitting bivariate model included additive genetic and unique environmental factors. Genetic factors accounted for 26% (95% CI = 10-40) and 34% (95% CI = 25-43) of the variability of low back pain and sleep quality, respectively. The correlation between the genetic factors underlying each trait was rG of 0.33 (95% CI = 0.03-0.66), and this overlap of genetic factors explained 42.5% of the phenotypic correlation. On the other hand, nonshared environmental factors of each variable were only fairly correlated rE of 0.19 (95% CI = 0.06-0.31), although this overlap explained 57.5% of the phenotypic correlation. In addition, twins in monozygotic pairs with poorer sleep quality presented more often with low back pain than their co-twins (ρ^ = 0.25, p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS The data are compatible with a causal effect of sleep quality on low back pain (or the reverse effect), because the correlations between the genetic and unique environmental factors for each trait were significant and there was a significant correlation between the monozygotic twins' difference scores. Apart from environmental factors that affect both characteristics, there are many individual-specific events that influence low back pain but differ from those influencing sleep quality.
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18
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Colodro-Conde L, Sánchez-Romera JF, Lind PA, Zhu G, Martin NG, Medland SE, Ordoñana JR. No evidence of association of oxytocin polymorphisms with breastfeeding in 2 independent samples. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 17:e12464. [PMID: 29412506 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin has an important function in breastfeeding via its role in the milk ejection reflex and in attachment and bonding processes. Genetic factors account for a significant part of the individual differences in breastfeeding behavior. OXT and OXTR have been proposed as gene candidates for breastfeeding. Previous studies have focused on certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within these genes, finding null or inconsistent results. The present study analyses the associations between a wide coverage of polymorphisms in OXT and OXTR and breastfeeding duration from 2 large and independent unselected samples comprising a total of 580 and 2112 female twin mothers from the Murcia Twin Registry (Spain) and QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Australia), respectively. A total of 19 SNPs in OXT and 137 in OXTR SNPs were covered in both samples. Effects of the OXT and OXTR polymorphisms on breastfeeding duration were calculated by means of linear regression controlling for age at survey time, educational level, interaction between age and educational level and principal components of genetic ancestry. The analyses were conducted independently in the 2 samples and also meta-analyzed. Although some SNPs were associated at an alpha level of .05 with breastfeeding, they did not survive multiple testing correction. We conclude that SNPs within or nearby OXT and OXTR are unlikely to have large effects on breastfeeding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Colodro-Conde
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Human Anatomy and Psychobiology Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J F Sánchez-Romera
- Human Anatomy and Psychobiology Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - P A Lind
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - G Zhu
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - N G Martin
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S E Medland
- Genetics & Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J R Ordoñana
- Human Anatomy and Psychobiology Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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19
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Pinheiro MB, Morosoli JJ, Colodro-Conde L, Ferreira PH, Ordoñana JR. Genetic and environmental influences to low back pain and symptoms of depression and anxiety: A population-based twin study. J Psychosom Res 2018; 105:92-98. [PMID: 29332639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People suffering from chronic pain are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain largely unknown. In light of the moderate to large effects of genetic factors on chronic pain and depression and anxiety, we aimed to estimate the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the relationship between these traits. METHODS Using data from 2139 participants in the Murcia Twin Registry, we employed a bivariate analysis and structural equation modeling to estimate the relative influences of genetics and the environment on the covariation between low back pain and symptoms of depression and anxiety. RESULTS We have obtained heritability estimates of 0.26 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.11, 0.41) for chronic low back pain and 0.45 (95% CI 0.29, 0.50) for symptoms of depression and anxiety. The phenotypic, genetic, and unique environment correlations in the bivariate analytical model were, respectively, rph=0.26 (95% CI 0.19, 0.33); rG=0.47 (95% CI 0.42, 0.70); rE=0.14 (95% CI -0.04, 0.25). The percentage of covariance between low back pain and symptoms of depression and anxiety attributable to additive genetic factors was 63.6%, and to unique environment 36.4%. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm the relationship between low back pain and symptoms of depression and anxiety in a non-clinical sample. Shared genetic factors affect significantly the covariation between these conditions, supporting the role of common biological and physiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina B Pinheiro
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jose J Morosoli
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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20
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El Registro de Gemelos de Murcia. Un recurso para la investigación sobre conductas relacionadas con la salud. GACETA SANITARIA 2018; 32:92-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Mezquita L, Sánchez-Romera JF, Ibáñez MI, Morosoli JJ, Colodro-Conde L, Ortet G, Ordoñana JR. Effects of Social Attitude Change on Smoking Heritability. Behav Genet 2018; 48:12-21. [PMID: 28948422 PMCID: PMC5752747 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-017-9871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Societal attitudes and norms to female smoking changed in Spain in the mid-twentieth century from a restrictive to a tolerant, and an even pro-smoking, posture, while social attitudes remained stable for males. We explored whether this difference in gender-related social norms influenced the heritability of two tobacco use measures: lifetime smoking and number of years smoking. We used a population-based sample of 2285 twins (mean age = 55.78; SD = 7.45; 58% females) whose adolescence began between the mid-1950s and the early 1980s. After modeling the effect of sex and year of birth on the variance components, we observed that the impact of the genetic and shared environmental factors varied differently by birth cohort between males and females. For females, shared environment explained a higher proportion of variance than the genetic factors in older cohorts. However, this situation was inverted in the younger female cohorts. In contrast, no birth cohort effect was observed for males, where the impact of the genetic and environmental factors remained constant throughout the study period. These results suggest that heritability is larger in a permissive social environment, whereas shared-environmental factors are more relevant in a society that is less tolerant to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mezquita
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071, Castelló, Spain.
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Departament of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel I Ibáñez
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071, Castelló, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Morosoli
- Departament of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Departament of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Generós Ortet
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071, Castelló, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Departament of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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22
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Altruistic Behavior among Twins. HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE 2017; 29:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s12110-017-9304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Lopez-Minguez J, Morosoli JJ, Madrid JA, Garaulet M, Ordoñana JR. Heritability of siesta and night-time sleep as continuously assessed by a circadian-related integrated measure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12340. [PMID: 28951572 PMCID: PMC5615078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Siesta is a relevant aspect of sleep due to its posited relationship with health or cognitive function. However, unlike night-time sleep, studies about daytime-sleep determinants and characteristics are scarce, and the genetic/environmental structure of siesta is still unknown. Our aim was to explore the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variation in sleep-wake rhythm, measured by a continuous assessment of temperature-activity-position (TAP), which allows for diurnal sleep analysis. The sample comprised 53 pairs of female twins (28 MZ and 25 DZ), selected from the Murcia Twin Register. Mean age of participants was 52 (SD: 6.03). Zygosity was determined by DNA. We conducted separate univariate analyses to study the sources of variance of daytime and night-time sleep parameters. About 60% of the sample reported to take siesta at least once a week. Heritability of taking siesta and daytime sleep duration was 65 and 61% respectively. Other sleep parameters obtained by TAP showed heritability estimates between 36 and 69%, suggesting a relevant impact of genetic factors on sleep rhythm. This is the first study to investigate the relative contribution of genetic factors to siesta. By using TAP, we introduce a novel approach to the study of diurnal sleep characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lopez-Minguez
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - J J Morosoli
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J A Madrid
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Garaulet
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - J R Ordoñana
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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24
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Does Familial Aggregation of Chronic Low Back Pain Affect Recovery?: A Population-Based Twin Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017; 42:1295-1301. [PMID: 28098741 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal twin-cohort study. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect familial aggregation of chronic low back pain (LBP) has on the recovery from chronic LBP. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA LBP is a worldwide problem, with pain and disability often becoming chronic. Genetics and familial behaviors could significantly affect the recovery from chronic LBP but have not been extensively investigated. METHODS A total of 624 Spanish twins from the Murcia Twin Registry reported experiencing chronic LBP within the past 2 years during the 2009/11 data collection wave and were followed up in 2013. Familial aggregation of chronic LBP was determined by the co-twin experiencing chronic LBP within the past 2 years at baseline. Twins reporting LBP "within the past 4 weeks" at follow-up were considered to have not recovered. RESULTS There were 455 twins with available data on LBP at follow-up and available data on LBP from their co-twin at baseline. Twins with an affected co-twin at baseline were significantly more likely to have not recovered from chronic LBP at follow-up (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0-2.4, P = 0.046). This relationship was stronger for monozygotic twins (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3-4.8, P = 0.006) (n = 172) but disappeared when considering only dizygotic twins (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: 0.6-2.0, P = 0.668) (n = 283). Sibling-relative recurrence risk (λ s) was 1.2 for the total sample, 1.5 for monozygotic twins, and 1.1 for dizygotic twins. CONCLUSION Having a sibling with chronic LBP at baseline increased the likelihood of LBP at follow-up by 20%, with this likelihood increasing to 50% if the sibling was an identical twin. These results are novel and highlight the important influence genetics have on people's recovery from chronic LBP. Information regarding the presence of chronic LBP within a family is easy to obtain and has the potential to inform clinicians on which patients are less likely to recover when treatment implementation is not considered. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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25
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Amorim AB, Levy GM, Pérez-Riquelme F, Simic M, Pappas E, Dario AB, Ferreira ML, Carrillo E, Luque-Suarez A, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Does sedentary behavior increase the risk of low back pain? A population-based co-twin study of Spanish twins. Spine J 2017; 17:933-942. [PMID: 28232052 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between sedentary lifestyle and low back pain (LBP) remains unclear and previous research has not accounted for genetic and early environmental factors. PURPOSE Our aim was to investigate if sedentary behavior is associated with the lifetime prevalence of persistent LBP and the risk of developing persistent LBP, care-seeking due to LBP, and activity limiting LBP when genetics and early environmental factors are accounted for. STUDY DESIGN Both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs with a within-pair twin case-control were implemented. PATIENT SAMPLE There were 2,148 twins included in the cross-sectional analysis whereas 1,098 twins free of persistent LBP at baseline were included in the longitudinal analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES Sedentary behavior was the explanatory variable. Lifetime prevalence of LBP was the outcome variable in the cross-sectional analysis. The incidence of persistent LBP, care-seeking due to LBP, and activity limiting LBP were the outcome variables for the longitudinal analysis. METHODS This observational study was supported by a grant in 2012. No competing interests were declared. RESULTS In the cross-sectional analysis, sedentary behavior was slightly associated with an increased prevalence of persistent LBP in females but not in males. This association was not apparent when genetics and early environmental factors were accounted for. We acknowledge that the small sample included in the co-twin analyses have yielded wide confidence intervals, and that caution should be exercised when interpreting and an association may not be ruled out. In the longitudinal analysis, sedentary behavior did not significantly increase the risk of persistent LBP, care-seeking due to LBP, or activity limiting LBP. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary behavior is associated with concurrent LBP. However, this association is weak; it only appears in females and decreases when accounting for genetics. Future studies using a twin design with larger samples should be conducted to further test these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita B Amorim
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Gavin M Levy
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Milena Simic
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Evangelos Pappas
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amabile B Dario
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Manuela L Ferreira
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eduvigis Carrillo
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, and IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
| | | | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, and IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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26
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Chronic low back pain and the risk of depression or anxiety symptoms: insights from a longitudinal twin study. Spine J 2017; 17:905-912. [PMID: 28267634 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Pain is commonly associated with symptoms of depression or anxiety, although this relationship is considered bidirectional. There is limited knowledge regarding causal relationships. PURPOSE This study aims to investigate whether chronic low back pain (LBP) increases the risk of depression or anxiety symptoms, after adjusting for shared familial factors. STUDY DESIGN This is a longitudinal, genetically informative study design from the Murcia Twin Registry in Spain. PATIENT SAMPLE The patient sample included 1,269 adult twins with a mean age of 53 years. OUTCOME MEASURES The outcome of depression or anxiety symptoms was evaluated with EuroQol questionnaire. METHODS Using logistic regression analyses, twins were initially assessed as individuals in the total sample analysis, followed by a co-twin case-control, which was partially (dizygotic [DZ] twins) and fully (monozygotic [MZ] twins) adjusted for shared familial factors. There was no external funding for this study and no conflict of interest was declared. RESULTS There was a significant association between chronic LBP and the risk of depression or anxiety symptoms in the unadjusted total sample analysis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34-2.44). After adjusting for confounders, the association remained significant (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05-1.95), although the adjusted co-twin case-control was non-significant in DZ (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.50-2.13) and MZ twins (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 0.63-5.51). CONCLUSIONS The relationship between chronic LBP and the future development of depression or anxiety symptoms is not causal. The relationship is likely to be explained by confounding from shared familial factors, given the non-statistically significant associations in the co-twin case-control analyses.
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Zadro JR, Shirley D, Amorim A, Pérez-Riquelme F, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Are people with chronic low back pain meeting the physical activity guidelines? A co-twin control study. Spine J 2017; 17:845-854. [PMID: 28163210 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a large amount of research investigating physical activity (PA) levels in people with chronic low back pain (LBP), no study has investigated whether people with chronic LBP are meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines. Furthermore, with genetics and the early shared environment substantially influencing the presence of LBP and PA engagement, these factors could confound the association between LBP and PA and need to be controlled for. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between chronic LBP and meeting the PA guidelines, while controlling for the effects of genetics and early shared environment. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional co-twin control study. PATIENT SAMPLE A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1,588 twins from the Murcia Twin Registry in Spain with available data on LBP and PA from the 2013 data collection wave. OUTCOME MEASURES The exposure and outcome variables in our study were self-reported. Twins reporting a history of chronic LBP were asked follow-up questions to inform on the presence of recent LBP (within the past 4 weeks), previous LBP (no pain within the past 4 weeks), and persistent LBP (no pain-free month in the last 6 months). These were our exposure variables. Our outcome variable was meeting the WHO PA guidelines, which involved at least 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity PA, or at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity PA per week. METHODS To investigate the association between chronic LBP and meeting the PA guidelines, we first performed a multivariate logistic regression on the total sample of twins. Co-variables entered the model if the univariate association between the co-variable, and both the exposure and the outcome reached a significance of p<.2. Second, to adjust for the influence of genetics and early shared environment, we performed a conditional multivariate logistic regression on complete twin pairs discordant for LBP. The Murcia Twin Registry is supported by Fundación Séneca, Regional Agency for Science and Technology, Murcia, Spain (08633/PHCS/08 and 15302/PHCS/10) and the Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (PSI11560-2009). Funding for this project has also been received from Fundación MAPFRE (2012). The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. RESULTS There was a significant inverse association between recent LBP and meeting the PA guidelines (odds ratio [OR]=0.71, p=.034). When controlling for genetics and early shared environment, this association disappeared. There was no association between previous (OR=0.95, p=.779) or persistent LBP (OR=0.78, p=.192) and meeting the PA guidelines. CONCLUSION Twins with recent LBP are less likely to meet the PA guidelines than those with no history of chronic LBP, highlighting the importance of incorporating PA promotion in the treatment of these individuals. Genetics and early shared environment appear to be confounding the association between LBP and PA, although this needs to be further tested in larger twin samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Robert Zadro
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia.
| | - Debra Shirley
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
| | - Anita Amorim
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
| | - Francisco Pérez-Riquelme
- Murcia Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Ronda de Levante, 11, 30008, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
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Dario A, Ferreira M, Refshauge K, Harmer A, Sánchez-Romera J, Pérez-Riquelme F, Cisneros L, Ordoñana J, Ferreira P. Mapping the association between back pain and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of adult Spanish twins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174757. [PMID: 28369107 PMCID: PMC5378369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Back pain and type 2 diabetes often co-occur, resulting in greater impact on people's health and complexity in their care. Plausible causal mechanisms for this association have been proposed, yet the nature of the link remains unclear. We therefore explored the direction of the association between type 2 diabetes and chronic back pain in twins, controlling for genetics and early environmental confounding. METHODS 2,096 and 1,098 twins were included in the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Any or severe (≥ 9) low back pain (LBP), neck pain (NP), and spinal pain (concurrent LBP and NP) and type 2 diabetes were investigated. Sequential analyses were performed using logistic regression. Firstly, twins were analysed unpaired (adjusted age and gender): total sample analyses. Then, to control for genetic and shared environmental factors, a co-twin case-control analysis was performed including monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs discordant for back pain (cross-sectional only). RESULTS In the cross-sectional total sample analyses, type 2 diabetes was associated with chronic spinal pain (OR 1.61; 95%CI 1.12 to 2.31), severe chronic spinal pain (OR 3.33; 95%CI 1.47 to 7.53), chronic NP (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.01 to 1.85), severe chronic NP (OR 2.28; 95%CI 1.24 to 4.21), and severe chronic LBP (OR 1.63; 95%CI 1.00 to 2.64). After further adjustment for genetic and shared environmental factors, none of the associations remained significant. The longitudinal analyses indicated that the presence of type 2 diabetes did not increase the risk of future back pain, or vice-versa, after two to four years. CONCLUSIONS Chronic back pain (spinal pain, NP, or LBP) was associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Associations are stronger for severe cases of pain. Future research should investigate the temporal relationships between these conditions with longer follow up in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amabile Dario
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Refshauge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison Harmer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan Sánchez-Romera
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Riquelme
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ligia Cisneros
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juan Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo Ferreira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Zadro JR, Shirley D, Pinheiro MB, Sánchez-Romera JF, Pérez-Riquelme F, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Does educational attainment increase the risk of low back pain when genetics are considered? A population-based study of Spanish twins. Spine J 2017; 17:518-530. [PMID: 27989723 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT There is limited research investigating educational attainment as a risk factor for low back pain (LBP), with the influence of gender commonly being neglected. Furthermore, genetics and early shared environment explain a substantial proportion of LBP cases and need to be controlled for when investigating risk factors for LBP. PURPOSE To investigate whether educational attainment affects the prevalence and risk of LBP differently in men and women while controlling for the influence of genetics and early shared environment. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional and prospective twin case-control study. PATIENT SAMPLE Adult monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins from the Murcia Twin Registry, with available data on educational attainment, formed the base sample for this study. The prevalence analysis considered twins with available data on LBP in 2013 (n=1,580). The longitudinal analysis considered twins free of LBP at baseline (2009-2011), with available data on LBP at follow-up (2013) (n=1,077). OUTCOME MEASURES Data on the lifetime prevalence of activity limiting LBP (outcome) and educational attainment (risk factor) were self-reported. METHODS The prevalence analysis investigated the cross-sectional association between educational attainment and LBP, whereas the longitudinal analysis investigated whether educational attainment increased the risk of developing LBP. Both analyses were performed in the following sequence. First, a total sample analysis was performed on all twins (considering them as individuals), adjusting for confounding variables selected by the data. Second, to control for the influence of genetics and early shared environment, a within-pair case-control analysis (stratified by zygosity) was performed on complete twin pairs discordant for LBP (ie, one twin had LBP, whereas the co-twin did not). All analyses were stratified for gender where possible, with an interaction term determining whether gender was a significant moderator of the association between educational attainment and LBP. RESULTS Women with either general secondary or university education were less likely to experience (prevalence analysis) or to develop LBP (longitudinal analysis). Educational attainment did not affect the risk of LBP in men. When controlling for the effects of genetics and early shared environment, the relationship between educational status and LBP in women was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Educational attainment affects LBP differently in men and women, with higher levels of education only decreasing the risk of developing LBP in women. After adjusting for genetics and early shared environment, the relationship between educational attainment and LBP in women disappears. This suggests that genetics and early shared environment are confounding the relationship between educational attainment and LBP in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Zadro
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia.
| | - Debra Shirley
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
| | - Marina B Pinheiro
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Riquelme
- Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Ronda de Levante, 11, 30008, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, HCUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, 75 East St, Lidcombe, New South Wales, 2141, Australia
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Whitehouse H, Jong J, Buhrmester MD, Gómez Á, Bastian B, Kavanagh CM, Newson M, Matthews M, Lanman JA, McKay R, Gavrilets S. The evolution of extreme cooperation via shared dysphoric experiences. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44292. [PMID: 28290499 PMCID: PMC5349572 DOI: 10.1038/srep44292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Willingness to lay down one's life for a group of non-kin, well documented historically and ethnographically, represents an evolutionary puzzle. Building on research in social psychology, we develop a mathematical model showing how conditioning cooperation on previous shared experience can allow individually costly pro-group behavior to evolve. The model generates a series of predictions that we then test empirically in a range of special sample populations (including military veterans, college fraternity/sorority members, football fans, martial arts practitioners, and twins). Our empirical results show that sharing painful experiences produces "identity fusion" - a visceral sense of oneness - which in turn can motivate self-sacrifice, including willingness to fight and die for the group. Practically, our account of how shared dysphoric experiences produce identity fusion helps us better understand such pressing social issues as suicide terrorism, holy wars, sectarian violence, gang-related violence, and other forms of intergroup conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey Whitehouse
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, 51-53 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PE UK
| | - Jonathan Jong
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, 51-53 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PE UK
- Centre for Research in Psychology, Behaviour and Achievement, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Michael D. Buhrmester
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, 51-53 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PE UK
| | - Ángel Gómez
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED C/Juan del Rosal 10, Dcho, 1.58 Madrid, Spain
| | - Brock Bastian
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, 51-53 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PE UK
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher M. Kavanagh
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, 51-53 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PE UK
| | - Martha Newson
- Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, 51-53 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6PE UK
| | - Miriam Matthews
- RAND Corporation, 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 USA
| | - Jonathan A. Lanman
- Institute of Cognition and Culture, Queen’s University Belfast, 2-4 Fitzwilliam Street, Belfast, BT7 1NN UK
| | - Ryan McKay
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Sergey Gavrilets
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Mathematics, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
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Vázquez A, Gómez Á, Ordoñana JR, Swann WB, Whitehouse H. Sharing genes fosters identity fusion and altruism. SELF AND IDENTITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2017.1296887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Vázquez
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Gómez
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan R. Ordoñana
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Dario AB, Loureiro Ferreira M, Refshauge K, Luque-Suarez A, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Obesity does not increase the risk of chronic low back pain when genetics are considered. A prospective study of Spanish adult twins. Spine J 2017; 17:282-290. [PMID: 27751965 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Obesity is commonly investigated as a potential risk factor for low back pain (LBP); however, current evidence remains unclear. Limitations in previous studies may explain the inconsistent results in the field, such as the use of a cross sectional design, limitations in the measures used to assess obesity (eg, body mass index-BMI), and poor adjustment for confounders (eg, genetics and physical activity). PURPOSE AND DESIGN To better understand the effects of obesity on LBP, our aim was to investigate in a prospective cohort whether obesity-related measures increase the risk of chronic LBP outcomes using a longitudinal design. We assessed obesity through measures that consider the magnitude as well as the distribution of body fat mass. A within-pair twin case-control analysis was used to control for the possible effects of genetic and early shared environmental factors on the obesity-LBP relationship. PATIENT SAMPLE AND OUTCOME MEASURES Data were obtained from the Murcia Twin Registry in Spain. Participants were 1,098 twins, aged 43 to 71 years, who did not report chronic LBP at baseline. Follow-up data on chronic LBP (>6 months), activity-limiting LBP, and care-seeking for LBP were collected after 2 to 4 years. RISK FACTORS The risk factors were BMI, percentage of fat mass, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. METHODS Sequential analyses were performed using logistic regression controlling for familial confounding: (1) total sample analysis (twins analyzed as independent individuals); (2) within-pair twin case-control analyses (all complete twin pairs discordant for LBP at follow-up); and within-pair twin case-control analyses separated for (3) dizygotic and (4) monozygotic twins. RESULTS No increase in the risk of chronic LBP was found for any of the obesity-related measures: BMI (men/women, odds ratio [OR]: 0.99; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.86-1.14), % fat mass (women, OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.66-1.14), waist circumference (women, OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.74-1.30), and waist-to-hip ratio (women, OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.81-1.36). Similar results were found for activity-limiting LBP and care-seeking due to LBP. After the adjustment for genetics and early environmental factors shared by twins, the non-significant results remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS After 2 to 4 years, obesity-related measures did not increase the risk of developing chronic LBP or care-seeking for LBP with or without adjustment for familial factors such as genetics in Spanish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amabile Borges Dario
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, Sydney 1825, Australia.
| | - Manuela Loureiro Ferreira
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, PO Box M201, Missenden Rd, NSW 2050, Australia; Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2605, Australia
| | - Kathryn Refshauge
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, Sydney 1825, Australia
| | - Alejandro Luque-Suarez
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Málaga, Avenida Cervantes, 2, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Juan Ramon Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, HUVA Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo Henrique Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, Sydney 1825, Australia
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Madrid-Valero JJ, Martínez-Selva JM, Ordoñana JR. Sleep quality and body mass index: a co-twin study. J Sleep Res 2017; 26:461-467. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. Martínez-Selva
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research; IMIB-Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
| | - Juan R. Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
- Murcia Institute of Biomedical Research; IMIB-Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
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The Concordance and Heritability of Type 2 Diabetes in 34,166 Twin Pairs From International Twin Registers: The Discordant Twin (DISCOTWIN) Consortium. Twin Res Hum Genet 2016; 18:762-71. [PMID: 26678054 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2015.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Twin pairs discordant for disease may help elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms and causal environmental factors in disease development and progression. To obtain the numbers of pairs, especially monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs, necessary for in-depth studies while also allowing for replication, twin studies worldwide need to pool their resources. The Discordant Twin (DISCOTWIN) consortium was established for this goal. Here, we describe the DISCOTWIN Consortium and present an analysis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) data in nearly 35,000 twin pairs. Seven twin cohorts from Europe (Denmark, Finland, Norway, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) and one from Australia investigated the rate of discordance for T2D in same-sex twin pairs aged 45 years and older. Data were available for 34,166 same-sex twin pairs, of which 13,970 were MZ, with T2D diagnosis based on self-reported diagnosis and medication use, fasting glucose and insulin measures, or medical records. The prevalence of T2D ranged from 2.6% to 12.3% across the cohorts depending on age, body mass index (BMI), and national diabetes prevalence. T2D discordance rate was lower for MZ (5.1%, range 2.9-11.2%) than for same-sex dizygotic (DZ) (8.0%, range 4.9-13.5%) pairs. Across DISCOTWIN, 720 discordant MZ pairs were identified. Except for the oldest of the Danish cohorts (mean age 79), heritability estimates based on contingency tables were moderate to high (0.47-0.77). From a meta-analysis of all data, the heritability was estimated at 72% (95% confidence interval 61-78%). This study demonstrated high T2D prevalence and high heritability for T2D liability across twin cohorts. Therefore, the number of discordant MZ pairs for T2D is limited. By combining national resources, the DISCOTWIN Consortium maximizes the number of discordant MZ pairs needed for in-depth genotyping, multi-omics, and phenotyping studies, which may provide unique insights into the pathways linking genes to the development of many diseases.
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Madrid-Valero JJ, Martínez-Selva JM, Ribeiro do Couto B, Sánchez-Romera JF, Ordoñana JR. Age and gender effects on the prevalence of poor sleep quality in the adult population. GACETA SANITARIA 2016; 31:18-22. [PMID: 27474487 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep quality has a significant impact on health and quality of life and is affected, among other factors, by age and sex. However, the prevalence of problems in this area in the general population is not well known. Therefore, our objective was to study the prevalence and main characteristics of sleep quality in an adult population sample. METHODS 2,144 subjects aged between 43 and 71 years belonging to the Murcia (Spain) Twin Registry. Sleep quality was measured by self-report through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression models were used to analyse the results. RESULTS The prevalence of poor sleep quality stands at 38.2%. Univariate logistic regression analyses showed that women were almost twice as likely as men (OR: 1.88; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.54 to 2.28) to have poor quality of sleep. Age was directly and significantly associated with a low quality of sleep (OR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03 to 1.06). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of poor sleep quality is high among adults, especially women. There is a direct relationship between age and deterioration in the quality of sleep. This relationship also appears to be more consistent in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Madrid-Valero
- Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España
| | - José M Martínez-Selva
- Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - Bruno Ribeiro do Couto
- Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, España; Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, España.
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Fernandez M, Ordoñana JR, Hartvigsen J, Ferreira ML, Refshauge KM, Sánchez-Romera JF, Pinheiro MB, Simpson SJ, Hopper JL, Ferreira PH. Is Chronic Low Back Pain Associated with the Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease when Genetic Susceptibility Is Considered? A Co-Twin Control Study of Spanish Twins. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155194. [PMID: 27171210 PMCID: PMC4865187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the chronic low back pain and coronary heart disease relationship, after adjusting for relevant confounders, including genetics. Methods In a cross-sectional design, 2148 twins were recruited from the Murcia Twin Registry, Spain. The exposure was chronic LBP and the outcomes were myocardial infarction and other coronary heart diseases—lifetime and in the last 2 years–based on standardized health-related questionnaires. First, logistic regression analysis investigated associations of the total sample followed by a matched co-twin control analyses, with all complete twin pairs discordant for chronic LBP utilised, separated for zygosity—dizygotic (DZ) and monozygotic (MZ) pairs, which adjusted for shared familial factors, including genetics. Results Chronic LBP pain is associated with lifetime myocardial infarction [odds ratio (OR) = 2.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.35–5.36], other coronary heart diseases over a lifetime (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.69–3.93) and in the last two years (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.33–3.60), while there was a borderline association with myocardial infarction in the last 2 years (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 0.98–7.12). Although the magnitude of the association remained or increased in the co-twin control analyses, none reached statistical significance. Conclusion Chronic LBP is associated with a higher prevalence of myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease. It is possible that this association remains even when controlling for genetics and early shared environment, although this should be investigated with larger samples of twins discordant for LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Fernandez
- Arthritis & Musculoskeletal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Juan R. Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jan Hartvigsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Manuela L. Ferreira
- Musculoskeletal Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn M. Refshauge
- Arthritis & Musculoskeletal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Juan F. Sánchez-Romera
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina B. Pinheiro
- Arthritis & Musculoskeletal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John L. Hopper
- Australian Twin Registry, Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paulo H. Ferreira
- Arthritis & Musculoskeletal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Lopez-Minguez J, Colodro-Conde L, Bandín C, Ordoñana JR, Garaulet M, Madrid JA. Application of multiparametric procedures for assessing the heritability of circadian health. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:234-44. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1130051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy is Highly Heritable. Behav Genet 2016; 46:481-91. [PMID: 26801654 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-016-9781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) affects about 70 % of all expectant mothers and commonly impacts their physical health and psychosocial functioning. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of the presence, duration and severity of NVP. The sample consisted of 1723 women (M age = 41.78, SD = 11.67) including twins in both complete and incomplete pairs and their sisters from two cohorts participating in the NVP Genetics Consortium. The sample comprised 159 monozygotic and 140 dizygotic complete twin pairs, and 69 twin-sister pairs. We applied an extended twin design using OpenMx and Mx for secondary analysis. Individual differences in NVP were best explained by additive genetic and unique environmental effects. Heritability estimates were 73 % (95 % CIs = 57-84 %) for presence, 51 % (95 % CIs = 36-63 %) for duration and 53 % (95 % CIs = 38-65 %) for severity of NVP. The genetic correlation between duration and severity was almost perfect. Our results show that genes play an important role in different aspects of NVP and justify the importance of searching for genetic variants.
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Colodro-Conde L, Rijsdijk F, Tornero-Gómez MJ, Sánchez-Romera JF, Ordoñana JR. Equality in Educational Policy and the Heritability of Educational Attainment. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143796. [PMID: 26618539 PMCID: PMC4664401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Secular variation in the heritability of educational attainment are proposed to be due to the implementation of more egalitarian educational policies leading to increased equality in educational opportunities in the second part of the 20th century. The action of effect is hypothesized to be a decrease of shared environmental (e.g., family socioeconomic status or parents' education) influences on educational attainment, giving more room for genetic differences between individuals to impact on the variation of the trait. However, this hypothesis has not yet found consistent evidence. Support for this effect relies mainly on comparisons between countries adopting different educational systems or between different time periods within a country reflecting changes in general policy. Using a population-based sample of 1271 pairs of adult twins, we analyzed the effect of the introduction of a specific educational policy in Spain in 1970. The shared-environmental variance decreased, leading to an increase in heritability in the post-reform cohort (44 vs. 67%) for males. Unstandardized estimates of genetic variance were of a similar magnitude (.56 vs. .57) between cohorts, while shared environmental variance decreased from .56 to .04. Heritability remained in the same range for women (40 vs. 34%). Our results support the role of educational policy in affecting the relative weight of genetic and environmental factors on educational attainment, such that increasing equality in educational opportunities increases heritability estimates by reducing variation of non-genetic familial origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, & IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Quantitative Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Frühling Rijsdijk
- MRC Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - María J. Tornero-Gómez
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, & IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan F. Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R. Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, & IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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Are obesity and body fat distribution associated with low back pain in women? A population-based study of 1128 Spanish twins. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2015; 25:1188-95. [PMID: 26084786 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between different measures of obesity and chronic low back pain (LBP) using a within-pair twin case-control design that adjusts for genetics and early shared environment. METHODS A cross-sectional association between lifetime prevalence of chronic LBP and different measures of obesity (body mass index-BMI; percent body fat; waist circumference; waist-hip ratio) was investigated in 1128 female twins in three stages: (i) total sample analysis; (ii) within-pair case-control analysis for monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins together; (iii) within-pair case-control analysis separated by DZ and MZ. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS BMI (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.02-1.26) and percent body fat (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.01-1.32) were weakly associated with lifetime prevalence of chronic LBP in the total sample analysis but were absent when shared environment and genetic factors were adjusted for using the within-pair case-control analysis. Greater waist-hip ratios were associated with smaller prevalence estimates of chronic LBP in the within-pair case-control analysis with both MZ and DZ twins (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47-0.94). However, this association did not remain after the full adjustment for genetic factors in the MZ within-pair case-control analysis. CONCLUSIONS BMI, percent of fat mass and greater depositions of fat and mass around the hips are associated with increases in chronic LBP prevalence in women but these associations are small and appear to be confounded by the effects of genetics and early shared environment. Therefore, our results do not support a causal direct relationship between obesity and chronic LBP.
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The CODATwins Project: The Cohort Description of Collaborative Project of Development of Anthropometrical Measures in Twins to Study Macro-Environmental Variation in Genetic and Environmental Effects on Anthropometric Traits. Twin Res Hum Genet 2015; 18:348-60. [PMID: 26014041 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2015.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For over 100 years, the genetics of human anthropometric traits has attracted scientific interest. In particular, height and body mass index (BMI, calculated as kg/m2) have been under intensive genetic research. However, it is still largely unknown whether and how heritability estimates vary between human populations. Opportunities to address this question have increased recently because of the establishment of many new twin cohorts and the increasing accumulation of data in established twin cohorts. We started a new research project to analyze systematically (1) the variation of heritability estimates of height, BMI and their trajectories over the life course between birth cohorts, ethnicities and countries, and (2) to study the effects of birth-related factors, education and smoking on these anthropometric traits and whether these effects vary between twin cohorts. We identified 67 twin projects, including both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins, using various sources. We asked for individual level data on height and weight including repeated measurements, birth related traits, background variables, education and smoking. By the end of 2014, 48 projects participated. Together, we have 893,458 height and weight measures (52% females) from 434,723 twin individuals, including 201,192 complete twin pairs (40% monozygotic, 40% same-sex dizygotic and 20% opposite-sex dizygotic) representing 22 countries. This project demonstrates that large-scale international twin studies are feasible and can promote the use of existing data for novel research purposes.
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Colodro-Conde L, Zhu G, Power RA, Henders A, Heath AC, Madden PAF, Montgomery GW, Medland S, Ordoñana JR, Martin NG. A twin study of breastfeeding with a preliminary genome-wide association scan. Twin Res Hum Genet 2015; 18:61-72. [PMID: 25475840 PMCID: PMC4416224 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2014.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breastfeeding has been an important survival trait during human history, though it has long been recognized that individuals differ in their exact breastfeeding behavior. Here our aims were, first, to explore to what extent genetic and environmental influences contributed to the individual differences in breastfeeding behavior; second, to detect possible genetic variants related to breastfeeding; and lastly, to test if the genetic variants associated with breastfeeding have been previously found to be related with breast size. Data were collected from a large community-based cohort of Australian twins, with 3,364 women participating in the twin modelling analyses and 1,521 of them included in the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Monozygotic (MZ) twin correlations (r MZ = 0.52, 95% CI 0.46-0.57) were larger than dizygotic (DZ) twin correlations (r DZ = 0.35, 95% CI 0.25-0.43) and the best-fitting model was the one composed by additive genetics and unique environmental factors, explaining 53% and 47% of the variance in breastfeeding behavior, respectively. No breastfeeding-related genetic variants reached genome-wide significance. The polygenic risk score analyses showed no significant results, suggesting breast size does not influence breastfeeding. This study confers a replication of a previous one exploring the sources of variance of breastfeeding and, to our knowledge, is the first one to conduct a GWAS on breastfeeding and look at the overlap with variants for breast size.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia
| | - Robert A Power
- MRC Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre,Institute of Psychiatry,King's College London,DeCrespigny Park,Denmark Hill,London,UK
| | - Anjali Henders
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia
| | - Andrew C Heath
- School of Psychiatry,Washington University School of Medicine,St. Louis,MO,USA
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- School of Psychiatry,Washington University School of Medicine,St. Louis,MO,USA
| | | | - Sarah Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry,Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology,University of Murcia,IMIB-Arrixaca,Murcia,Spain
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia
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Lopez-Minguez J, Ordoñana JR, Sánchez-Romera JF, Madrid JA, Garaulet M. Circadian system heritability as assessed by wrist temperature: A twin study. Chronobiol Int 2014; 32:71-80. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.955186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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The genetic and environmental structure of reproduction-related variables: the case of fertility and breastfeeding. Twin Res Hum Genet 2013; 16:1096-102. [PMID: 24050145 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2013.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Life history theory studies the evolution of traits related to reproductive fitness. Fertility and parental investment are key life history traits which, from an evolutionary standpoint, appear strongly interrelated. The aim of this work was to analyze the genetic and environmental structure and relationship of two behaviors associated with reproductive fitness: total number of offspring and mean duration of breastfeeding. A total of 1,347 women distributed in 239 monozygotic pairs, 236 dizygotic pairs, and 393 individual twins from opposite sex pairs provided information about their reproductive history. We conducted separate univariate analyses to study the sources of variance of both variables; and a bivariate analysis, with threshold liability models. The sources of variance for number of children and breastfeeding were best explained by a model including familial and unique environmental factors, being E = 0.54 (CI 95%: 0.44, 0.66) and E = 0.46 (CI 95%: 0.34, 0.61), respectively. The phenotypic correlation between number of children and breastfeeding was low but significant (r = 0.16, CI 95%: 0.07, 0.25). Familial correlation between these variables did not reach significance, but unique environmental correlation did (re = 0.20, CI 95%: 0.02, 0.37). In conclusion, results do not support the existence of a clear common structure for the number of children a woman has and the time she spends breastfeeding them, at least in modern societies. The relationship found was mainly due to unique environmental factors. More research on these and related phenotypes is needed to better understand women's reproductive decisions and how natural selection acts on the life history traits.
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