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Tielbeek JJ, Uffelmann E, Williams BS, Colodro-Conde L, Gagnon É, Mallard TT, Levitt BE, Jansen PR, Johansson A, Sallis HM, Pistis G, Saunders GRB, Allegrini AG, Rimfeld K, Konte B, Klein M, Hartmann AM, Salvatore JE, Nolte IM, Demontis D, Malmberg ALK, Burt SA, Savage JE, Sugden K, Poulton R, Harris KM, Vrieze S, McGue M, Iacono WG, Mota NR, Mill J, Viana JF, Mitchell BL, Morosoli JJ, Andlauer TFM, Ouellet-Morin I, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Gouin JP, Brendgen MR, Dionne G, Vitaro F, Lupton MK, Martin NG, Castelao E, Räikkönen K, Eriksson JG, Lahti J, Hartman CA, Oldehinkel AJ, Snieder H, Liu H, Preisig M, Whipp A, Vuoksimaa E, Lu Y, Jern P, Rujescu D, Giegling I, Palviainen T, Kaprio J, Harden KP, Munafò MR, Morneau-Vaillancourt G, Plomin R, Viding E, Boutwell BB, Aliev F, Dick DM, Popma A, Faraone SV, Børglum AD, Medland SE, Franke B, Boivin M, Pingault JB, Glennon JC, Barnes JC, Fisher SE, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Polderman TJC, Posthuma D. Uncovering the genetic architecture of broad antisocial behavior through a genome-wide association study meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4453-4463. [PMID: 36284158 PMCID: PMC10902879 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the substantial heritability of antisocial behavior (ASB), specific genetic variants robustly associated with the trait have not been identified. The present study by the Broad Antisocial Behavior Consortium (BroadABC) meta-analyzed data from 28 discovery samples (N = 85,359) and five independent replication samples (N = 8058) with genotypic data and broad measures of ASB. We identified the first significant genetic associations with broad ASB, involving common intronic variants in the forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2) gene (lead SNP rs12536335, p = 6.32 × 10-10). Furthermore, we observed intronic variation in Foxp2 and one of its targets (Cntnap2) distinguishing a mouse model of pathological aggression (BALB/cJ strain) from controls (BALB/cByJ strain). Polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses in independent samples revealed that the genetic risk for ASB was associated with several antisocial outcomes across the lifespan, including diagnosis of conduct disorder, official criminal convictions, and trajectories of antisocial development. We found substantial genetic correlations of ASB with mental health (depression rg = 0.63, insomnia rg = 0.47), physical health (overweight rg = 0.19, waist-to-hip ratio rg = 0.32), smoking (rg = 0.54), cognitive ability (intelligence rg = -0.40), educational attainment (years of schooling rg = -0.46) and reproductive traits (age at first birth rg = -0.58, father's age at death rg = -0.54). Our findings provide a starting point toward identifying critical biosocial risk mechanisms for the development of ASB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorim J Tielbeek
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Emil Uffelmann
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin S Williams
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Éloi Gagnon
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Travis T Mallard
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandt E Levitt
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Philip R Jansen
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Tuomiokirkontori 3, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannah M Sallis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield Road, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, CH-1008, Prilly, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Gretchen R B Saunders
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Andrea G Allegrini
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Kaili Rimfeld
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Groteplein 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jessica E Salvatore
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ditte Demontis
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, 8000, Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anni L K Malmberg
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jeanne E Savage
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Sugden
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Richie Poulton
- Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 3210, 201 Hamilton Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - William G Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Groteplein 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Joana F Viana
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Brittany L Mitchell
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Jose J Morosoli
- Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, 22 Ismaninger St., 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Ouellet-Morin
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de criminologie, Université of Montreal, 3150 Rue Jean-Brillant, Montreal, QC, H3T 1N8, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Département de pédiatrie et de psychologie, University of Montreal, 90 Avenue Vincent d'Indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, CHU Ste-Justine Research Center and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, 3175 Chemin de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gouin
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Mara R Brendgen
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888 succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Ginette Dionne
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center and University of Montreal, 3175 Chemin de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, CH-1008, Prilly, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 B, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hexuan Liu
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, 2840 Bearcat Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Martin Preisig
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, CH-1008, Prilly, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Alyce Whipp
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels Väg 12A, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Tuomiokirkontori 3, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kathryn Paige Harden
- Department of Psychology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E Dean Keeton Stop #A8000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield Road, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Geneviève Morneau-Vaillancourt
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Robert Plomin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Essi Viding
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brian B Boutwell
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 84 Dormitory Row West, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, 806W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, 806W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Arne Popma
- Amsterdam UMC, VKC Psyche, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Anders D Børglum
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, 8000, Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaivour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Boivin
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pingault
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J C Barnes
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, 2840 Bearcat Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Terrie E Moffitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Avshalom Caspi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Tinca J C Polderman
- Amsterdam UMC, VKC Psyche, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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