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Ladikan O, Silyavka E, Mitrofanov A, Laptenkova A, Shilovskikh V, Kolonitckii P, Ivanov N, Remezov A, Fedorova A, Khripun V, Pestova O, Podolskaya EP, Sukhodolov NG, Selyutin AA. Thin Films of Lanthanide Stearates as Modifiers of the Q-Sense Device Sensor for Studying Insulin Adsorption. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24973-24981. [PMID: 35910105 PMCID: PMC9330115 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article presents new possibilities of using thin films of lanthanide stearates as sorbent materials. Modification of the Q-sense device resonator with monolayers of lanthanide stearates by the Langmuir-Schaeffer method made it possible to study the process of insulin protein adsorption on the surface of new thin-film sorbents. The resulting films were also characterized by compression isotherms, chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and mass spectrometry. The transition of stearic acid to salt was recorded by IR spectroscopy. Using the LDI MS method, the main component of thin films, lanthanide distearate, was established. The presence of Eu2+ in thin films was revealed. In the case of europium stearate, the maximum value of insulin adsorption was obtained, -1.67·10-10 mole/cm2. The findings suggest the possibility of using thin films of lanthanide stearates as a sorption material for the proteomics determination of the quantitative protein content in complex fluid systems by specific adsorption on modified surfaces and isolation of such proteins from complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ladikan
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Silyavka
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrei Mitrofanov
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anastasia Laptenkova
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Shilovskikh
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr Kolonitckii
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikita Ivanov
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Remezov
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Fedorova
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vassily Khripun
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Pestova
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P. Podolskaya
- Golikov
Research Center of Toxicology, Bekhtereva Street 1, 192019 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute
for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Science, Ivana Chernykh Street 31-33 lit.
A, 198095 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikolai G. Sukhodolov
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute
for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Science, Ivana Chernykh Street 31-33 lit.
A, 198095 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artem A. Selyutin
- St.
Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Chen J, Cao D, Fortmann SD, Curcio CA, Feist RM, Crosson JN. Transthyretin proteoforms of intraocular origin in human subretinal fluid. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109163. [PMID: 35760119 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular composition of ocular tissues and fluids could inform new approaches to prevalent causes of blindness. Subretinal fluid accumulating between the photoreceptor outer segments and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is potentially a rich source of proteins and lipids normally cycling among outer retinal cells and choroid. Herein, intact post-translationally modified proteins (proteoforms) were extracted from subretinal fluids of five patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry, and compared to published data on these same proteins as synthesized by other organs. Single-nuclei transcriptomic data from non-diseased human retina/RPE were used to identify whether proteins in subretinal fluid were of potential ocular origin. Two human donor eyes with normal maculas were immunoprobed for transthyretin (TTR) with appropriate controls. The three most abundant proteins detected in subretinal fluid were albumin, TTR, and apolipoprotein A-I. Remarkably, TTR relative to the other proteins was more abundant than its serum counterpart, suggestive of TTR being synthesized predominantly locally. Six post-translationally modified protein forms (proteoforms) of TTR were detected, with the relative amount of glutathionylated TTR being much higher in the subretinal fluid (12-43%) than values reported for serum (<5%) and cerebrospinal fluid (0.4-13%). Moreover, a putative glycosylated TTR dimer of 32,428 Da was detected as the fourth most abundant protein. The high abundance of TTR and putative TTR dimer in subretinal fluid was supported by analysis of available single-nuclei transcriptomic data, which showed strong and specific signal for TTR in RPE. Immunohistochemistry further showed strong diffuse TTR immunoreactivity in choroidal stroma that contrasted with vertically aligned signal in the outer segment zone of the subretinal space and negligible signal in RPE cell bodies. These results suggest that TTR in the retina is synthesized intraocularly, and glutathionylation is crucial for its normal function. Further studies on the composition, function, and quantities of TTR and other proteoforms in subretinal fluid could inform mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for age-related macular degeneration, familial amyloidosis, and other retinal diseases involving dysregulation of physiologic lipid transfer and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Chen
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Dongfeng Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Seth D Fortmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christine A Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Richard M Feist
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jason N Crosson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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3
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Abrao-Nemeir I, Zaki O, Meyer N, Lepoitevin M, Torrent J, Janot JM, Balme S. Combining ionic diode, resistive pulse and membrane for detection and separation of anti-CD44 antibody. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Berlinck RGS, Crnkovic CM, Gubiani JR, Bernardi DI, Ióca LP, Quintana-Bulla JI. The isolation of water-soluble natural products - challenges, strategies and perspectives. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:596-669. [PMID: 34647117 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00037c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Covering period: up to 2019Water-soluble natural products constitute a relevant group of secondary metabolites notably known for presenting potent biological activities. Examples are aminoglycosides, β-lactam antibiotics, saponins of both terrestrial and marine origin, and marine toxins. Although extensively investigated in the past, particularly during the golden age of antibiotics, hydrophilic fractions have been less scrutinized during the last few decades. This review addresses the possible reasons on why water-soluble metabolites are now under investigated and describes approaches and strategies for the isolation of these natural compounds. It presents examples of several classes of hydrosoluble natural products and how they have been isolated. Novel stationary phases and chromatography techniques are also reviewed, providing a perspective towards a renaissance in the investigation of water-soluble natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila M Crnkovic
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Gubiani
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Darlon I Bernardi
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laura P Ióca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jairo I Quintana-Bulla
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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5
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Nagase K, Umemoto Y, Kanazawa H. Effect of pore diameter on the elution behavior of analytes from thermoresponsive polymer grafted beads packed columns. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9976. [PMID: 33976250 PMCID: PMC8113370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature-responsive chromatography using thermoresponsive polymers is innovative and can control analyte retention via column temperature. Analyte elution behavior in this type of chromatography depends on the modified thermoresponsive polymer and the structure of the base materials. In the present study, we examine the effect of the pore diameter of silica beads on analyte elution behavior in temperature-responsive chromatography. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-n-butyl methacrylate) hydrogel was applied to beads of various pore sizes: 7, 12, and 30 nm. Almost the same amount of copolymer hydrogel was applied to all beads, indicating that the efficiency of copolymer modification was independent of pore size. Analyte retention on prepared beads in a packed column was observed using steroids, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates as analytes. Analyte retention times increased with temperature on packed columns of 12- and 30-nm beads, whereas the column packed with 7-nm beads exhibited decreased retention times with increasing temperature. The difference in analyte elution behavior among the various pore sizes was attributed to analyte diffusion into the bead pores. These results demonstrate that bead pore diameter determines temperature-dependent elution behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nagase
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Yuta Umemoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hideko Kanazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
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6
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Lu X, Zhan Y, Ouyang Q, Bai S, Chen H, Yu Y, Zheng Y, Sun Y, Li H. Fabrication of a Tyrosine-Responsive Liquid Quantum Dots Based Biosensor through Host–Guest Chemistry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13285-13289. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Yibei Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Qingying Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Suya Bai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yifu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Haibing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Center of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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7
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Hou Y, Wu Z, Dai Z, Wang G, Wu G. Protein hydrolysates in animal nutrition: Industrial production, bioactive peptides, and functional significance. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:24. [PMID: 28286649 PMCID: PMC5341468 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the role of peptides in animal nutrition. Chemical, enzymatic, or microbial hydrolysis of proteins in animal by-products or plant-source feedstuffs before feeding is an attractive means of generating high-quality small or large peptides that have both nutritional and physiological or regulatory functions in livestock, poultry and fish. These peptides may also be formed from ingested proteins in the gastrointestinal tract, but the types of resultant peptides can vary greatly with the physiological conditions of the animals and the composition of the diets. In the small intestine, large peptides are hydrolyzed to small peptides, which are absorbed into enterocytes faster than free amino acids (AAs) to provide a more balanced pattern of AAs in the blood circulation. Some peptides of plant or animal sources also have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory activities. Those peptides which confer biological functions beyond their nutritional value are called bioactive peptides. They are usually 2-20 AA residues in length but may consist of >20 AA residues. Inclusion of some (e.g. 2-8%) animal-protein hydrolysates (e.g., porcine intestine, porcine mucosa, salmon viscera, or poultry tissue hydrolysates) or soybean protein hydrolysates in practical corn- and soybean meal-based diets can ensure desirable rates of growth performance and feed efficiency in weanling pigs, young calves, post-hatching poultry, and fish. Thus, protein hydrolysates hold promise in optimizing the nutrition of domestic and companion animals, as well as their health (particularly gut health) and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023 China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Genhu Wang
- Research and Development Division, Shanghai Gentech Industries Group, Shanghai, China 201015
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023 China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA 77843
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Rajan A, Mullen J, Bhatnagar N, Dubey A, Niemz A, Chakravarti B, Chakravarti DN. Micro-Parallel Liquid Chromatography for Analysis of Peptides and Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jala.2004.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the application of Nanostream Inc.'s Veloce micro-parallel liquid chromatography (μPLC) system, a high-throughput microfluidic liquid chromatography (LC) system, for the analysis of peptides and proteins. Using the Veloce system, as well as traditional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems, we performed separations and analyses of (1) a mixture of peptide standards, (2) crude and semipure synthetic peptides, and (3) peptide components of a protein digested with trypsin. In all these studies, the Veloce system was evaluated by comparison to a traditional HPLC system for the number of peaks, their resolution, retention time, shape, and width. When similar columns were used, the performance of the Veloce system was comparable to that of traditional HPLC systems. In general, the Veloce system offers several advantages over traditional HPLC systems, such as the ability to analyze samples in a high-throughput manner with significantly lower consumption of samples and solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Rajan
- Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA
| | | | | | - Ananya Dubey
- Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA
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Tai DF, Lin YF, Lu KH, Chen GY, Shu HC. A Direct Immersion System for Peptide Enrichment. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Bayer E, Jennings WG, Majors RE, Kirkland JJ, Unger KK, Engelhardt H, Schomburg G, Pirkle WH, Welch CJ, Armstrong DW, Porath JO, Sjövall JB, Gehrke CW. History and Developments in Chromatographic Column Technology and Validation to 2001. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470555729.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Wixom RL. The Trails of Research in Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470555729.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Determination of Protein by Fluorescence Enhancement of Curcumin in Lanthanum-Curcumin-Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate-Protein System. J Fluoresc 2010; 21:25-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0686-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Ren Y, Han Z, Chu X, Zhang J, Cai Z, Wu Y. Simultaneous determination of bovine α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in infant formulae by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 667:96-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Arakawa T, Ejima D, Li T, Philo JS. The critical role of mobile phase composition in size exclusion chromatography of protein pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:1674-92. [PMID: 19894271 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is the most widely used method for aggregation analysis of pharmaceutical proteins. However SEC analysis has a number of limitations, and one of the most important ones is protein adsorption to the resin. This problem is particularly severe when using new columns, and often column preconditioning protocols are required. This review focuses on the role that addition of various cosolvents to the mobile phase plays in suppressing that protein adsorption. Cosolvents such as salt, amino acids, and organic solvents are often used for this purpose. Because the protein interaction with the resin surface is highly heterogeneous, different cosolvents affect the protein adsorption differently. We will summarize the various effects of cosolvents on protein adsorption and retention and describe the mechanism of the cosolvent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Arakawa
- Alliance Protein Laboratories, Thousand Oaks, California, USA.
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15
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Chitta KR, Van Meter DS, Stalcup AM. Separation of peptides by HPLC using a surface-confined ionic liquid stationary phase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:775-81. [PMID: 19876619 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A butylimidazolium bromide surface-confined ionic liquid stationary phase was synthesized in-house. The synthesized phase was investigated for the separation of five peptides (Gly-Tyr, Val-Tyr-Val, leucine enkephalin, methionine enkephalin, and angiotensin-II). The peptides were successfully separated in less than 5 min. The effect of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) on the separation of peptides was evaluated with results confirming that TFA was not acting as ion-pairing agent in separation of peptides on this phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Chitta
- Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
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16
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Segro SS, Cabezas Y, Malik A. Ultra-high-stability, pH-resistant sol–gel titania poly(tetrahydrofuran) coating for capillary microextraction on-line coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4329-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2009] [Accepted: 03/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Saxena A, Tripathi BP, Kumar M, Shahi VK. Membrane-based techniques for the separation and purification of proteins: an overview. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 145:1-22. [PMID: 18774120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2008] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Membrane processes are increasingly reported for various applications in both upstream and downstream technology, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, emerging processes as membrane chromatography, high performance tangential flow filtration and electrophoretic membrane contactor. Membrane-based processes are playing critical role in the field of separation/purification of biotechnological products. Membranes became an integral part of biotechnology and improvements in membrane technology are now focused on high resolution of bioproduct. In bioseparation, applications of membrane technologies include protein production/purification, protein-virus separation. This manuscript provides an overview of recent developments and published literature in membrane technology, focusing on special characteristics of the membranes and membrane-based processes that are now used for the production and purification of proteins.
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Fang S, Zeng F, Guo Q. Comparative proteomics analysis of cytokeratin and involucrin expression in lesions from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2008; 40:989-95. [PMID: 19089296 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2008.00484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To get a better understanding of the abnormal differentiation or maturation of keratinocytes, we studied the expression and distribution of cytokeratin and involucrin in lesions from systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Two groups of 10 specimens each from systemic lupus erythematosus and normal controls were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometric protein identification, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that keratin 1 (K1)/K10 together with the new synthesis of K6/K16 were down-regulated and that K5/K14, K2e and involucrin were up-regulated. We found that involucrin was strongly stained in lower epidermal cell layers while K1/10 was weakly stained, particularly when compared with staining in normal epidermis. Additionally, we found that the expression of involucrin was increased. These results imply an aberrant early and terminal differentiation stage in the epidermis of systemic lupus erythematosus, which may be associated with inflammatory cytokines released during the wound healing response of lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital affiliated to Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, China
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Goulding AM, Rahimi Y, Shrestha S, Deo SK. Dual Function Labeling of Biomolecules Based on DsRed-Monomer. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:2113-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800147k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Goulding
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Y. Rahimi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - S. Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - S. K. Deo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
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Eder K, Huber CG, Buchmeiser MR. Surface-Functionalized, Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Derived Monoliths for Anion-Exchange Chromatography. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wu X, Zheng J, Ding H, Ran D, Xu W, Song Y, Yang J. Study on the interaction between oxolinic acid aggregates and protein and its analytical application. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 596:16-22. [PMID: 17616235 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It was found that oxolinic acid (OA) at high concentration can self-assemble into nano- to micro-meter scale OA aggregates in Tris-HCl (pH 7.48) buffer solution. The nanoparticles of OA were adopted as fluorescence probes in the quantitative analysis of proteins. Under optimum conditions, the fluorescence quenching extent of nanometer scale OA aggregates was in proportion to the concentration of albumins in the range of 3.0x10(-8) to 3.0x10(-5) g mL(-1) for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 8.0x10(-8) to 8.0x10(-6) g mL(-1) for human serum albumin (HSA). The detection limits (S/N=3) were 3.4x10(-9) g mL(-1) for BSA, and 2.6x10(-8) g mL(-1) for HSA, respectively. Samples were satisfactorily determined. The interaction mechanism of the system was studied using fluorescence, UV-vis, resonance light scattering (RLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) technology, etc., indicating that the nonluminescent complex was formed between serum albumin molecular and OA, to disaggregate the self-association of OA, which resulted in the dominated static fluorescence quenching in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, PR China.
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22
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Mallik R, Wa C, Hage DS. Development of sulfhydryl-reactive silica for protein immobilization in high-performance affinity chromatography. Anal Chem 2007; 79:1411-24. [PMID: 17297940 PMCID: PMC2528201 DOI: 10.1021/ac061779j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two techniques were developed for the immobilization of proteins and other ligands to silica through sulfhydryl groups. These methods made use of maleimide-activated silica (the SMCC method) or iodoacetyl-activated silica (the SIA method). The resulting supports were tested for use in high-performance affinity chromatography by employing human serum albumin (HSA) as a model protein. Studies with normal and iodoacetamide-modified HSA indicated that these methods had a high selectivity for sulfhydryl groups on this protein, which accounted for the coupling of 77-81% of this protein to maleimide- or iodoacetyl-activated silica. These supports were also evaluated in terms of their total protein content, binding capacity, specific activity, nonspecific binding, stability, and chiral selectivity for several test solutes. HSA columns prepared using maleimide-activated silica gave the best overall results for these properties when compared to HSA that had been immobilized to silica through the Schiff base method (i.e., an amine-based coupling technique). A key advantage of the supports developed in this work is that they offer the potential of giving greater site-selective immobilization and ligand activity than amine-based coupling methods. These features make these supports attractive in the development of protein columns for such applications as the study of biological interactions and chiral separations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David S. Hage
- *Author for correspondence: Phone, 402-472-2744; FAX, 402-472-9402; E-mail,
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23
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Eastwood J, Offutt C, Menon K, Keel M, Hrncirova P, Novotny MV, Arnold R, Foley J. Identification of markers for nipple epidermis: changes in expression during pregnancy and lactation. Differentiation 2007; 75:75-83. [PMID: 17244023 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, specific regions of skin crucial for interaction with and manipulation of elements in the environment are characterized by specialized epidermis. Regions of specialized epidermis show distinct patterns of cellular differentiation and express specific keratins that provide an increased ability to withstand mechanical strain. The nipple, which must endure the mechanical strain of nursing, is a type of specialized epidermis. The entire ventral skin of the keratin 14 promoter driven PTHrP mouse provides a model for nipple development. To identify novel markers for this specialized epidermis, we have used two-dimensional (2-D) gels, mass spectrometric protein identification, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to compare intermediate filament preparations from the nipple-like K14-PTHrP ventral skin to that of wild-type littermates. We identified 64 spots on 2-D gels that were increased in expression in the nipple-like skin of the female K14-PTHrP mouse and 11 spots that were elevated in the wild type. Microsequencing suggested that K17 and epiplakin were among the proteins with the greatest increase in expression in the K14-PTHrP ventral skin. Using Western blots and immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the expression of these proteins as well as K6 in the wild-type nipple, K14-PTHrP ventral skin and wild-type ventral skin. In addition, we found that the expression of K6 was minimally changed in the pregnant and lactating nipple, but the expression of a previously identified marker, K2e, was reduced during lactation. Using a model of the mechanical strain induced by nursing, we found that K2e but not K6 expression was responsive to this condition. The identification of epidermal markers and their expression patterns will provide insight into the cellular differentiation patterns of the nipple and the underlying epidermal-mesenchymal interactions that direct this differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Eastwood
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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24
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Denkhaus E, Meisen S, Telgheder U, Wingender J. Chemical and physical methods for characterisation of biofilms. Mikrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-006-0688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Riddle LA, Guiochon G. Influence of Mobile Phase Gradients on the Retention and Separation of Peptides from a Cytochrome-c Digest by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Wang F, Yang J, Wu X, Wang F, Liu S. Fluorescence enhancement of the protein–curcumin–sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate system and protein determination. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 385:139-45. [PMID: 16550419 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2005] [Revised: 02/11/2006] [Accepted: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein can greatly enhance the fluorescence of curcumin (CU) in the presence of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). Experiments indicate that under the optimum conditions, the enhanced intensity of fluorescence is proportional to the concentration of proteins in the range of 0.0050-20.0 microg mL(-1) for bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.080-20.0 microg mL(-1) for human serum albumin (HSA), and 0.040-28.0 microg mL(-1) for egg albumin (EA). Their detection limits (S/N = 3) are 1.4 ng mL(-1), 20 ng mL(-1), and 16 ng mL(-1), respectively. The method has been satisfactorily used for the determination of proteins in actual samples. In comparison with most of fluorimetric methods, this method is quick and simple, has high sensitivity and good stability. The interaction mechanism is also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
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27
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Huang G, Zhang Y, Ouyang J, Baeyens WR, Delanghe JR. Application of carbon nanotube-matrix assistant native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to the separation of apolipoprotein A-I and complement C3. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Wang F, Yang J, Wu X, Sun C, Liu S, Wang F, Jia Z. Fluorescence enhancement effect of the morin-Al3+ -sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate-protein system and the determination of proteins. LUMINESCENCE 2005; 21:49-55. [PMID: 16206146 DOI: 10.1002/bio.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescence intensity of the morin-Al(3+) complex was greatly enhanced by proteins in the presence of sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS). Based on this, a new fluorimetric method for the determination of protein was developed. Under optimum conditions, the enhanced intensity of fluorescence was in proportion to the concentration of proteins in the range 1.0 x 10(-8)-1.3 x 10(-5) g/mL for bovine serum albumin (BSA), 4.0 x 10(-8)-1.2 x 10(-5) g/mL for egg albumin (EA) and 5.0 x 10(-8)-1.2 x 10(-5) g/mL for human serum albumin (HSA). Their detection limits (S:N = 3) were 5.0 x 10(-9), 1.8 x 10(-8) and 1.6 x 10(-8) g/mL, respectively. The interaction mechanism was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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29
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Soukupová K, Krafková E, Suchánková J, Tesarová E. Comparison of zirconia- and silica-based reversed stationary phases for separation of enkephalins. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1087:104-11. [PMID: 16130703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the separation of biologically active peptides on two zirconia-based phases, polybutadiene (PBD)-ZrO2 and polystyrene (PS)-ZrO2, and a silica-based phase C18 was compared. Basic differences in interactions on both types of phases led to quite different selectivity. The retention characteristics were investigated in detail using a variety of organic modifiers, buffers, and temperatures. These parameters affected retention, separation efficiency, resolution and symmetry of peaks. Separation systems consisting of Discovery PBD-Zr column and mobile phase composed of a mixture of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer, pH 2.0 (45:55, v/v) at 70 degrees C and Discovery PS-Zr with acetonitrile and phosphate buffer, pH 3.5 in the same (v/v) ratio at 40 degrees C were suitable for a good resolution of enkephalin related peptides. Mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer, pH 5.0 (22:78, v/v) was appropriate for separation of enkephalins on Supelcosil C18 stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Soukupová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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30
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Yamashita K, Ogura D, Yamaguchi Y, Miyazaki M, Briones MP, Nakamura H, Maeda H. Specific molecule localization in microchannel laminar flow and its application for non-immobilized-probe analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:1477-83. [PMID: 16012808 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2005] [Revised: 05/20/2005] [Accepted: 05/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems enable superior control of fluidics. We have developed a novel size-separation method utilizing secondary flow within a microchannel. Using confocal fluorescence microscopy and computer simulation, we confirmed that separation occurred as a result of specific molecular localization in the curving part of the microchannel. Maximum separation efficiency was achieved by optimizing microchannel design and flow rate for individual separation targets. In addition, more effective separation was achieved by use of plural microchannel curves. This method was used for sequence-selective DNA sensing. Double-stranded DNA formed by hybridization between target DNA and a complementary probe had different elution profiles from those of the single-stranded non-complementary sequence. Moreover, the response depends on the length of the DNA molecules. This method does not require immobilization of either probe or target DNA, because all reactions occurred in the solution phase. Such features may reduce experimental error and the difference between data from different operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Yamashita
- Micro- & Nano-space Chemistry Group, Nanotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 807-1 Shuku-machi, Tosu, Saga, 841-0052, Japan
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31
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Hollman AM, Christian DA, Ray PD, Galey D, Turchan J, Nath A, Bhattacharyya D. Selective isolation and purification of tat protein via affinity membrane separation. Biotechnol Prog 2005; 21:451-9. [PMID: 15801785 DOI: 10.1021/bp049804z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work deals with the separation of Tat protein from a complex fermentation broth using an affinity membrane system. Tat is a regulatory protein that is critical for HIV-1 replication and thus a potential candidate for vaccine and drug development. Furthermore, Tat can facilitate transport of exogenous molecules across cell membranes and is implicated in pathogenesis of HIV dementia. Affinity membranes were prepared through coupling of avidin within a 4-stack membrane construct. Tat (naturally biotinylated) accessibility in the bacterial lysate feed was influenced by the presence of RNAse, protein concentration, and ionic strength. Enhanced accessibility translated to a marked increase in the overall product yield per pass. The purity of the membrane-isolated Tat was compared to that prepared via packed column chromatography through SDS-PAGE, Western blot, activity assay, and neurotoxicity studies. Tat protein produced via membrane separation yielded primarily monomeric forms of the oligopeptide sequence, whereas column chromatography produced predominately polymeric forms of Tat. These differences resulted in changes in the neurotoxicity and cellular uptake of the two preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Hollman
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, USA
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32
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Madera M, Mechref Y, Novotny MV. Combining lectin microcolumns with high-resolution separation techniques for enrichment of glycoproteins and glycopeptides. Anal Chem 2005; 77:4081-90. [PMID: 15987113 PMCID: PMC1472620 DOI: 10.1021/ac050222l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silica-based lectin microcolumns are described in this study together with the chemical procedures necessary for their preparation. The analytical merits of Canavalia ensiformis and Sambucus nigra lectins, [immobilized on activated macroporous silica], such as binding capacity, trapping reproducibility, and substrate selectivity, have been evaluated using model glycoproteins. The described microcolumns are applicable to high-pressure analytical schemes utilizing microvalving procedures, washing steps, and quantitative desorption for LC/MS analysis. The described analytical systems are amenable to the applications aiming at fractionation of complex glycopeptide mixtures and determination of the sites of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Madera
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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33
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Mass spectrometry detection in capillary electrophoresis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(05)45009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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34
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Monton MRN, Terabe S. Recent Developments in Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry of Proteins and Peptides. ANAL SCI 2005; 21:5-13. [PMID: 15675508 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many researchers have invested considerable efforts toward improving capillary electrophoresis (CE)-mass spectrometry (MS) systems so they can be applied better to standard analyses. This review highlights the developments in CE-MS of proteins and peptides over the last five years. It includes the developments in interfaces, sample-enrichment techniques, microfabricated devices, and some applications, largely in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) and capillary isotachophoresis formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rowena N Monton
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan.
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35
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Mallik R, Jiang T, Hage DS. High-Performance Affinity Monolith Chromatography: Development and Evaluation of Human Serum Albumin Columns. Anal Chem 2004; 76:7013-22. [PMID: 15571354 DOI: 10.1021/ac049001q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several immobilization methods were explored for the preparation of high-performance affinity monolithic columns containing human serum albumin (HSA). These monoliths were based on a copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene dimethacrylate. In one method, the epoxy groups of this copolymer were used directly for the immobilization of HSA through its amine residues (i.e., the epoxy method); in other approaches, these epoxy groups were converted to diols for later use in the carbonyldiimidazole, disuccinimidyl carbonate, and Schiff base methods. Each HSA monolith was evaluated in terms of its total protein content and its retention of several model compounds, including (R/S)-warfarin and D/L-tryptophan. The greatest amount of immobilized HSA was obtained by the Schiff base method, whereas the epoxy method gave the lowest protein content. The Schiff base method also gave the best resolution in chiral separations of (R/S)-warfarin and D/L-tryptophan. All of the immobilization methods gave similar relative activities for HSA in its binding to (R)- and (S)-warfarin, but some differences were noted in the activity of the immobilized HSA for D- and L-tryptophan. The efficiency of these monoliths was found to be greater than that of silica-based HSA columns for (R/S)-warfarin (i.e., analytes with high retention), but little or no difference was seen for D- and L-tryptophan (analytes with weak retention).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangan Mallik
- Chemistry Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, USA
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36
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Frerichs VA, Herrmann JK, Aguirre A, Colón LA. Trace level determination of substance P using capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence. Microchem J 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2004.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Sanz-Nebot V, Benavente F, Toro I, Barbosa J. Separation and characterization of complex crude mixtures produced in the synthesis of therapeutic peptide hormones by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry (LC–ES-MS). Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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38
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Sun C, Yang J, Li L, Wu X, Liu Y, Liu S. Advances in the study of luminescence probes for proteins. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2004; 803:173-90. [PMID: 15063324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2003] [Accepted: 12/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spectral probes (or labels) have been widely used for the investigation and determination of proteins and have made considerable progress. Traditional luminescence probes include fluorescent derivatizing reagents, fluorescent probes and chemiluminescence probes which continue to develop. Of them, near infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are especially suitable for the determination of biomolecules including proteins, so their development has been rapid. Novel luminescence probes (such as nanoparticle probes and molecular beacons) and resonance light scattering probes recently appeared in the literature. Preliminary results indicate that they possess great potential for ultrasensitive protein detection. This review summarizes recent developments of the above-mentioned probes for proteins and 195 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Sun
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
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39
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Zhao S, Liu D, Li S. Determination of proteins using the p-acetylchlorophosphonazo-barium(II) complex as a spectroprobe. ANAL SCI 2003; 19:1173-6. [PMID: 12945672 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of proteins using the p-acetychlorophosphonazo (CPA-pA)-barium(II) complex as a spectroprobe. In the pH range of 2.0-2.8, the absorbance of the CPA-pA-barium(II) complex at 649 nm is greatly decreased by protein. The absorbance decrease is in proportion to the concentration of protein in the range of 0-20 mg/L. The apparent molar absorptivities are 1.56 x 10(6), 1.70 x 10(6) and 6.04 x 10(5) L mol(-1) cm(-1) for bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HAS) and ovalbumin (OVA), respectively. The method is reproducible and simple, and has been used to determine total protein in human sera. The results are in agreement with those obtained by the pyrocatechol violet (PV)-Mo(VI) method, with relative standard deviations of 2.5-3.5% (n=6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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40
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Wang Y, Hu S, Li H, Allbritton NL, Sims CE. Separation of mixtures of acidic and basic peptides at neutral pH. J Chromatogr A 2003; 1004:61-70. [PMID: 12929962 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)00492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mixtures of acidic and basic peptides composed of the phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of peptide substrates for kinases and a phosphatase were separated by capillary electrophoresis (CE) in buffer conditions compatible with live mammalian cells. The separation of such mixtures was especially challenging given the high salt and neutral pH of the requisite physiologic buffers. Due to poor peak reproducibility in bare capillaries, several strategies were implemented to improve the electrophoretic separation of the peptide mixtures. Covalent coating of the capillary with the neutral polymer poly(dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) resulted in a 2-fold improvement in the migration time RSD, but required the use of hydrodynamic flow to overcome the differing electrophoretic mobilities (microeo) of the peptides at neutral pH. This parabolic fluid flow diminished separation efficiency almost 5-fold. Polarity switching during the CE run was used to overcome the opposed microeo, but required the retention of hydrodynamic flow and consequent reduction in separation efficiency. The most efficient separations were seen with the use of covalently-linked, charged polymer coatings to maintain electroosmotic flow and to reduce wall interactions. Two such coatings were tested in the current study. Relative to the PDMA coating, an anionic poly(acrylate) improved the average migration time RSD of six peptides from 1.3 to 0.85% and average separation efficiency from 4.8 to 18.0 (x 10(4) plates/m). Likewise, cationic poly([3-(methacryloylamino)propyl]-trimethylammonium) improved the average migration time RSD of eight peptides from 1.2 to 1.1% and average separation efficiency from 4.8 to 33.9 (x 10(4) plates/m). These findings will be of value to the growing number of applications for analytical techniques utilizing CE for cellular analysis and biochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4560, USA
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41
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Mazza CB, Cavanaugh JY, Neue UD, Phillips DJ. Role of mass spectrometry in the purification of peptides and proteins. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 790:91-7. [PMID: 12767323 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were carried out to evaluate the fractionation of proteins and peptides according to mass. Model mixtures were separated by either reversed-phase or ion-exchange chromatography with mass spectrometry-compatible mobile phase additives. Fraction collection was triggered by the mass/charge ratio of each one of the components of the mixture. Chromatography was additionally monitored with a UV-Vis detector in order to compare the new technique with generally accepted in separations. The results indicated that adequate purification is achieved by this new technique. Fraction collection triggered by changes in the mass/charge ratio reduces sample handling and analysis time. This study demonstrates the utility of mass-directed fractionation of peptides and proteins when mass spectrometry-compatible mobile phase additives are used.
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42
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Koval D, Kašička V, Jiráček J, Collinsová M. Separation of diastereomers of phosphinic pseudopeptides by capillary zone electrophoresis and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200301382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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43
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Sanz-Nebot V, Benavente F, Toro I, Barbosa J. Evaluation of chromatographic versus electrophoretic behaviour of a series of therapeutical peptide hormones. J Chromatogr A 2003; 985:411-23. [PMID: 12580510 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, models describing the effect of pH on chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour for a series of polyprotic therapeutic peptide hormones were compared. taking into account the species in solution and the activity coefficients. The usefulness of the proposed equations is twofold, they permit the determination of the acidity constants in water and in the hydroorganic mobile phases used in liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) and can also be used for the selection of the optimum pH for the separation of mixtures of the modelled compounds. The proposed relationships allow an important reduction of the experimental data needed for the development of new separation methods. The accuracy of the proposed equations is verified by modelling the chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour of a series of polyprotic therapeutic peptide hormones. By calculating the values of predicted resolutions, selection of the optimum pH to perform LC or CE separations of their mixtures becomes a rapid and simple process.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sanz-Nebot
- Department de Química Analítica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 647 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Nimura N, Itoh H, Homma H. Boundary between Protein and Peptide Shown by Their Chromatographic Behavior. ANAL SCI 2003; 19:1281-4. [PMID: 14516080 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It has previously been pointed out that two different mechanisms exist in the reversed-phase (RP) HPLC of polypeptides, including proteins. We systematically investigated the separation of various peptides and proteins over a wide range of molecular weight using a nonporous octadecylsilyl (ODS) silica-gel column to provide a precise explanation for the separation mechanism of polypeptides, including proteins in RP-HPLC. As a result, we clarified that a critical point between a typical reversed-phase partition mode applicable to small peptides (molecular weight < 3000) and a characteristic elution mode applicable to proteins is in the vicinity of the molecular weight of 3500-4500. We also proposed a new concept, the "Transitional Desorption Mode", as a separation mechanism that can precisely explain the RP-LC separation of a wide range of polypeptides including proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Nimura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 9-1 Shirokane-5, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
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Zhu Y, Cheng G, Dong S. Structural electrochemical study of hemoglobin by in situ circular dichroism thin layer spectroelectrochemistry. Biophys Chem 2002; 97:129-38. [PMID: 12050005 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(02)00045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Secondary and tertiary or quaternary structural changes in hemoglobin (HB) during an electroreduction process were studied by in situ circular dichroism (CD) spectroelectrochemistry with a long optical path thin-layer cell. By means of singular value decomposition least-squares analysis, CD spectra in the far-UV region give two similar alpha components with different CD intensity, indicating slight denaturation in the secondary structures due to the electric field effect. CD spectra in the Soret band show a R-->T transition of two quaternary structural components induced by electroreduction of the heme, which changes the redox states of the center ion from Fe3+ to Fe2+ and the co-ordination number from 6 to 5. The double logarithmic analysis shows that electroreduction of hemoglobin follows a chemical reaction with R-->T transition. Some parameters in the electrochemical process were obtained: formal potential, E0'=-0.167 V; electrochemical kinetic overpotential, deltaE0=-0.32 V; standard electrochemical reaction rate constant, k0=1.79 x 10(-5) cm s(-1); product of electron transfer coefficient and electron number, alphan=0.14; and the equilibrium constant of R-->T transition, Kc=9.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
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46
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Plasson R, Biron JP, Cottet H, Commeyras A, Taillades J. Kinetic study of the polymerization of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides in aqueous solution using capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2002; 952:239-48. [PMID: 12064535 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
N-Carboxyanhydrides of amino acids (NCAs) are very reactive monomers able to polymerize into oligopeptides. They are assumed to be prebiotic precursors of the first polypeptides. Few reports have been published on the study of NCA polymerization in aqueous solution. In this work, a kinetic study focused on the hydrolysis of NCA and its coupling with amino acids and homopeptides (up to tripeptide) was carried out, taking L-valine derivatives as model compounds. For that purpose, capillary electrophoresis appeared to be an effective and reliable technique for the measurement of the kinetic constants. The electrophoretic separation conditions, the procedure for stopping NCA reactivity, as well as the conditions of reaction are discussed in detail. We report the variation of the kinetic constant of the coupling reaction of the NCA of valine with an oligovaline as a function of its degree of polymerization. Finally, a temperature study also allowed us to estimate the activation energies associated with the NCA of valine hydrolysis and its coupling reaction with valine.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Plasson
- Laboratoire Organisation Moléculaire, Evolution et Matériaux Fluorés, UMR 5073, Université Montpellier II, France
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Sanz-Nebot V, Benavente F, Barbosa J. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis combined approach for separation and characterization of multicomponent peptide mixtures. Application to crude products of leuprolide synthesis. J Chromatogr A 2002; 950:99-111. [PMID: 11991012 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A sequential combination of reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been explored in order to perform separation and characterization of a multicomponent peptide mixture from the synthesis of leuprolide. The mixture was first analyzed and fractionated by LC-MS, and the collected fractions were subsequently separated by CE. Unambiguous identification of the electrophoretic peaks was achieved by injecting the collected fractions separately and spiking the leuprolide crude mixture. Furthermore, structural information about the components of the mixture provided by several semi-empirical migration models has been used to check the accuracy of the structures previously proposed by LC-MS. Combination of the two orthogonal techniques results in an enhancement of their individual selectivity characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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Sanz-Nebot V, Toro I, Benavente F, Barbosa J. pKa values of peptides in aqueous and aqueous-organic media. Prediction of chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour. J Chromatogr A 2002; 942:145-56. [PMID: 11822380 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, models describing the effect of the pH on the chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour for polyprotic peptides were compared. The proposed models can be simultaneously used for determination of dissociation constants and selection of the optimum pH for the separation of peptides, in water and acetonitrile-water mixtures widely used in liquid chromatography and in capillary electrophoresis. The models use the pH value measured in the acetonitrile-water mixture instead of the pH value in water and take into account the effect of the activity coefficients. They permit the determination of the acidity constants in the aqueous and hydro-organic mobile phase from chromatographic retention and electrophoretic migration measurements, respectively. The values obtained by both proposed techniques agree with the potentiometric values previously determined. The suitability of the proposed models for predicting chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour of compounds studied from a limited number of experimental data was also compared. The separation between solutes by both techniques in a complex mixture can be easily predicted, making simple and rapid pH selection to achieve optimum separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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Sanz-Nebot V, Benavente F, Toro I, Barbosa J. Migration behavior of therapeutic peptide hormones: prediction of optimal separation by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:4333-40. [PMID: 11824599 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200112)22:20<4333::aid-elps4333>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A general equation that relates electrophoretic mobility of polyprotic peptide substances and pH of the running electrolytes is established, taking into account the species in solution and the activity coefficients. Modelling electrophoretic mobility as a function of pH can be simultaneously used for determination of ionization constants and selection of the optimum pH for separation of mixtures of the modelled compounds. The proposed relationships allow an important reduction of the experimental data needed for development of new separation methods. The accuracy of the proposed equations is verified by modelling the migration behavior of a heterogeneous series of polyprotic amphoteric peptide hormones. By calculating the values of predicted resolutions, selection of the optimum pH to perform separation of their mixtures becomes a rapid and simple process.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
The article gives a comprehensive review on the recent developments in the applications of high-performance capillary electromigration methods, including zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography and electrochromatography, to analysis, preparation and physicochemical characterization of peptides. The article presents new approaches to the theoretical description and experimental verification of electromigration behavior of peptides, and covers the methodological aspects of capillary electroseparations of peptides, such as strategy and rules for the rational selection of separation mode and experimental conditions, sample treatment, suppression of peptide adsorption to the inner capillary wall, new developments in individual separation modes and new designs of detection systems. Several types of applications of capillary electromigration methods to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis for determination of purity, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of physical and chemical changes and enzymatic conversions, amino acid and sequence analysis and peptide mapping of proteins. Some examples of micropreparative peptide separations are given and capabilities of capillary electromigration techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kasicka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague.
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