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Ren X, Gao X, Zou G. Enhanced Photon Emission of Chemiluminescent Luminophore for Ultra-Fast and Semi-Automatic Immunoassay toward Single Molecule Detection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:8070-8076. [PMID: 37167106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical single molecule detection is normally achieved via amplifying the total emission of photons of luminophores and is strongly anticipated to extend the commercialized application of chemiluminescence (CL). To overcome the limited CL photons of molecule luminophores, herein, a nanocrystal (NC) luminophore self-amplified strategy is proposed to repetitively excite CL luminophores for amplifying the total CL photons per luminophore, which can be exploited to perform CL immunoassays (CLIAs) toward single molecule detection via employing KMnO4 as the CL triggering agent and the dual-stabilizer-capped CdTe NCs as the CL luminophore. KMnO4 can oxidize the S element from each stabilizer of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and release enough energy to excite the CdTe core for flash CL. The substantial MPA around each CdTe core enables every CdTe luminophore to be repetitively excited and give off amplified total CL photons in a self-enhanced way. The CL of CdTe NCs/KMnO4 can release all photons rapidly, and the collection of all these photons can be utilized to determine the model analyte of thyroid-stimulating hormone antigen (TSH) with a limit of detection of 5 ag/mL (S/N = 3), which is corresponding to about 2-4 TSH molecules in a 20 μL sample. The whole immunologic operating process can be terminated within 6 min. This strategy of repetitively breaking the CL reaction involving chemical bonds within one luminophore is promising for semi-automatic as well as fully automatic single molecule detection and extends the commercialized application of CL immunodiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuwen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guizheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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2
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Dong S, Wang D, Gao X, Fu L, Jia J, Xu Y, Zhang B, Zou G. Glow and Flash Adjustable Chemiluminescence with Tunable Waveband from the Same CuInS 2@ZnS Nanocrystal Luminophore. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6902-6908. [PMID: 35486816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
All commercial chemiluminescence (CL) assays are conducted with either glow or flash CL of eye-visible waveband from chemical luminophores. Herein, glow and flash, as well as waveband adjustable CL from the same nanoparticle luminophore of thiol-capped CuInS2@ZnS nanocrystals (CIS@ZnS-Thiol), are proposed via extensively exploiting the differed redox nature of CL triggering reagents. Taking thiosalicylic acid (TSA) as the model thiol-capping agent, the electron-injection-initiated charge transfer between CIS@ZnS-TSA and reductant can bring out efficient glow CL while the hole-injection-initiated charge transfer between CIS@ZnS-TSA and oxidant can give off obvious flash CL under optimum conditions. The maximum emission wavelength for CL of CIS@ZnS-TSA is adjustable from 730 nm to 823 nm via employing different triggering agents. Promisingly, the coexistent reductant of N2H4·H2O and oxidant of H2O2 can be employed as dual triggering reagents to trigger eye-visible and highly efficient flash CL from CIS@ZnS-TSA. The maximum emission intensity for flash CL of CIS@ZnS-TSA/N2H4-H2O2 is 101-fold greater than the glow CL of CIS@ZnS-TSA/N2H4 and 22-fold greater than the flash CL of CIS@ZnS-TSA/H2O2, respectively. The flash CL from CIS@ZnS-TSA/N2H4-H2O2 is qualified for highly sensitive and selective CL immunoassay in a commercialized typical procedure with the entire operating process manually terminated within 35 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangtian Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuwen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Li Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingna Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuqi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guizheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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3
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Oyama H, Kiguchi Y, Morita I, Miyashita T, Ichimura A, Miyaoka H, Izumi A, Terasawa S, Osumi N, Tanaka H, Niwa T, Kobayashi N. NanoLuc luciferase as a suitable fusion partner of recombinant antibody fragments for developing sensitive luminescent immunoassays. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1161:238180. [PMID: 33896564 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are essential for monitoring various biomarkers. Competitive and noncompetitive (sandwich) assay formats are used to determine hapten and macromolecule levels, respectively. Both formats require more sensitive detection of reporter enzymes for greater assay sensitivities. We previously reported the utility of wild-type Gaussia luciferase (wtGLuc) as a fusion partner with antibody single-chain Fv fragments (scFvs) for developing sensitive luminescent ELISAs. Here, we evaluated utility of NanoLuc luciferase (NLuc), a recently developed luciferase, as fusion partner with scFvs from the view of comparison with wtGLuc and a mutant of alkaline phosphatase (ALP'). Thyroxine (T4) and T4-labeled albumin were chosen as model haptenic and macromolecular antigens, respectively. An in-house-prepared anti-T4 scFv was fused with NLuc, wtGLuc, or ALP'. The scFv-NLuc fusion protein showed 47-fold and 29-fold lower limit of detection [LOD; 59 zmol (per assay)] than the wtGLuc- and ALP'-fusions, respectively. In a competitive T4 ELISA, the NLuc-fusion showed 9.3- and 6.3-fold lower LOD, (0.67 pg) than the wtGLuc- and ALP'-fusions, respectively, with a higher specificity in clinical applications. A typical colorimetric ELISA using a peroxidase-labeled second antibody showed 70-fold higher LOD than NLuc-based ELISA. Another advantage of the NLuc-fusion was shown in the sandwich assays; the LOD of T4-labeled albumin (5.0 fmol) was >6-fold lower than that of the other luminescent ELISAs. In an additional sandwich assay developed to count bacteriophage particles, NLuc enabled more sensitive determination than wtGLuc, whereas ALP' showed nearly equivalent performance. Its slowest alteration rate for light intensity after starting the enzyme reaction should enable robust batch-by-batch assay operations. Thus, we concluded that scFv-NLuc fusions serve as suitable probes in various types of immunoassays and may facilitate higher sensitivities with practical specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyashita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ichimura
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroko Miyaoka
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Aki Izumi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Sayaka Terasawa
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Natsumi Osumi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Niwa
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
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Nakazono M, Oshikawa Y, Nakamura M, Kubota H, Nanbu S. Strongly Chemiluminescent Acridinium Esters under Neutral Conditions: Synthesis, Properties, Determination, and Theoretical Study. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2450-2461. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Nakazono
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Oshikawa
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nakamura
- Faculty
of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kubota
- ATTO Corporation, 3-2-2 Motoasakusa, Taito-ku,
Tokyo 111-0041, Japan
| | - Shinkoh Nanbu
- Faculty
of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
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5
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Effects of Sucrose and Trehalose on Stability, Kinetic Properties, and Thermal Aggregation of Firefly Luciferase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:572-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Zhang Q, Zhu S, Guo LH. Dye/DNA conjugates as multiple labels for antibodies in sensitive fluorescence immunoassays. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 751:43-54. [PMID: 21674324 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-151-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence immunoassays are widely used in life science research, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring due to the intrinsically high specificity, simplicity, and versatility of immunoassays as well as the availability of a large variety of fluorescent labeling molecules. However, the sensitivity of immunoassays needs to be improved further to meet the ever-increasing demands of the new proteomics era. We have developed a novel and simple method to increase immunoassay sensitivity by attaching multiple fluorescent labels on an antibody with a dye/DNA conjugate. Our strategy is to use a DNA fragment as a molecular carrier to attach multiple fluorescent dyes to an antibody at a single site. The dye/DNA conjugate is not presynthesized, but rather formed in situ as part of the immunoassay. Our results demonstrate that by using a 219-bp DNA fragment in conjunction with SYBR Green I fluorescent DNA-binder, the sensitivity of both direct and competitive fluorescence immunoassays is improved by orders of magnitude, reaching a lower detection limit of 1.9 pg/mL for 17β-estradiol.
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7
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Nakazono M, Jinguji A, Nanbu S, Kuwano R, Zheng Z, Saita K, Oshikawa Y, Mikuni Y, Murakami T, Zhao Y, Sasaki S, Zaitsu K. Fluorescence and chemiluminescence properties of indolylmaleimides: experimental and theoretical studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:9783-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c003021j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Saita K, Nakazono M, Zaitsu K, Nanbu S, Sekiya H. Theoretical Study of Photophysical Properties of Bisindolylmaleimide Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8213-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9043489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Saita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Molecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, Research Institute for Information Technology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Nakazono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Molecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, Research Institute for Information Technology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Zaitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Molecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, Research Institute for Information Technology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinkoh Nanbu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Molecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, Research Institute for Information Technology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Molecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, Research Institute for Information Technology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan, and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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9
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Agawa H, Nakazono M, Nanbu S, Zaitsu K. Chemiluminescence change of polyphenol dendrimers with different core molecules. Org Lett 2008; 10:5171-4. [PMID: 18954060 DOI: 10.1021/ol802129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Second generation polyphenol dendrimers (PDs) with different core molecules were synthesized, and their chemiluminescence (CL) was measured by reacting the PDs with H2O2 under alkaline conditions. All of the PDs showed a strong CL, more than 120-fold greater than that of gallic acid. Various CL intensities of the PDs were obtained using different core molecules in the PDs. The distance between each dendron in the PD structure is crucial in the PD CL intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Agawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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11
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Zhu S, Zhang Q, Guo LH. Part-per-trillion level detection of estradiol by competitive fluorescence immunoassay using DNA/dye conjugate as antibody multiple labels. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 624:141-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 06/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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NAKAZONO M. Development of Highly Selective and Sensitive Fluorescent and Chemiluminescent Reagents. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:919-24. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu NAKAZONO
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
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13
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Nakazono M, Nanbu S, Uesaki A, Kuwano R, Kashiwabara M, Zaitsu K. Bisindolylmaleimides with large Stokes shift and long-lasting chemiluminescence properties. Org Lett 2007; 9:3583-6. [PMID: 17685531 DOI: 10.1021/ol701431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Various bisindolylmaleimides have fluorescence emission maxima wavelengths longer than 500 nm, large Stokes shifts longer than 200 nm, different fluorescence emission wavelengths at an excitation wavelength of 365 nm, and a long-lasting chemiluminescence. The expansion of the pi-conjugation, the pi-bond electronic structure, and oxidation of the C=C bond at the 2,3-position of the maleimide moiety are crucial for producing these fluorescence and chemiluminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Nakazono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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14
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Xiong X, Wang Z, Baeyens WRG, Delanghe JR, Huang Z, Huang G, Ouyang J. A novel [Ag(NH3)2]+ probe for chemiluminescent imaging detection of proteins after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteomics 2007; 7:2511-21. [PMID: 17610207 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of a novel [Ag(NH3)2]+ probe chemiluminescence (CL)-based imaging method for the detection of various proteins after PAGE is described. The detection is based upon the probe [Ag(NH3)2]+ catalyzing the CL reaction of the luminol-potassium persulfate system. The proposed method detects various proteins labeled by [Ag(NH3)2]+ and expands the application scope to SDS gels. It also detects proteins directly in polyacrylamide gels, without tedious transferring procedures. Furthermore, successful identification of proteins by peptide mass profiling using ionization MS was easily performed, and no pretreatments of gel prior to digestion are needed. Detection limits for standard marker proteins match CBB-R250 staining and the linear dynamic range is superior to CBB-R250 staining and silver staining. The CL imaging conditions, including luminescent reagents, silver ion concentration, the ammonia-controlled system and the washing reagents parameters have also been optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xiong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
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15
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Tsukagoshi K, Taniguchi T, Nakajima R. Analysis of antioxidants using a capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection system. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 589:66-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Revised: 02/10/2007] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Nakazono M, Hino T, Zaitsu K. Photosensitive luminol derivatives and measurement of ultraviolet ray power. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Luo L, Zhang Z, Chen L, Ma L. Chemiluminescent imaging detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 in milk and water samples. Food Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Anastos N, Lewis SW, Barnett NW, Sims DN. The determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushrooms by HPLC utilizing a dual reagent acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chemiluminescence detection system. J Forensic Sci 2006; 51:45-51. [PMID: 16423222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2005.00033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a procedure for the determination of psilocin and psilocybin in mushroom extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn chemiluminescence detection. A number of extraction methods for psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushrooms were investigated, with a simple methanolic extraction being found to be most effective. Psilocin and psilocybin were extracted from a variety of hallucinogenic mushrooms using methanol. The analytes were separated on a C12 column using a (95:5% v/v) methanol:10 mM ammonium formate, pH 3.5 mobile phase with a run time of 5 min. Detection was realized through a dual reagent chemiluminescence detection system of acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II). The chemiluminescence detection system gave improved detectability when compared with UV absorption at 269 nm, with detection limits of 1.2 x 10(-8) and 3.5 x 10(-9) mol/L being obtained for psilocin and psilocybin, respectively. The procedure was applied to the determination of psilocin and psilocybin in three Australian species of hallucinogenic mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Anastos
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3217, Australia
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20
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Lenehan CE, Barnett NW, Lewis SW, Essery KM. Preliminary Evaluation of Dual Acidic Potassium Permanganate and Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Chemiluminescence Detection for the HPLC Determination of Papaver somniferum Alkaloids. Aust J Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1071/ch04084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a dual chemiluminescence reagent for the determination of the opiate alkaloids morphine, codeine, oripavine, and thebaine in Papaver somniferum extracts. Detection was achieved using a mixture of acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(ii), where the former acted as both the oxidant for the latter and as a chemiluminescence reagent in its own right. The analytes were separated on a C8 column using ion-pairing HPLC. The application of the mixed reagent detection compared favourably with results obtained using standard HPLC methodology. Detection limits for the alkaloids were 10−6, 5 × 10−7, 3 × 10−6, and 2 × 10−6 mol L−1 for morphine, codeine, oripavine, and thebaine, respectively.
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Sundberg SA. High-throughput and ultra-high-throughput screening: solution- and cell-based approaches. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2000; 11:47-53. [PMID: 10679349 DOI: 10.1016/s0958-1669(99)00051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The trend towards assay miniaturization for high-throughput and ultra-high-throughput screening continues to spur development of homogeneous, fluorescence-based assays in higher density, smaller volume microplate formats. Recently, first-generation microfluidic devices have been designed for performing continuous-flow biochemical and cell-based assays. These devices provide orders-of-magnitude reduction in reagent consumption, and offer the potential for implementing high-throughput screening in formats that integrate up-front compound handling with unique assay functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Sundberg
- Caliper Technologies Corporation, CA 94043, USA. steve.
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22
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Modulation of the chemiluminescent signal from N10-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-sulfonylacridinium-9-carboxamides. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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