1
|
Gen M, Zheng H, Sun Y, Xu W, Ma N, Su H, Cheng Y, Wang S, Xing J, Zhang S, Xue L, Xue C, Mu Y, Tian X, Matsuki A, Song S. Rapid hydrolysis of NO 2 at High Ionic Strengths of Deliquesced Aerosol Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7904-7915. [PMID: 38661303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) hydrolysis in deliquesced aerosol particles forms nitrous acid and nitrate and thus impacts air quality, climate, and the nitrogen cycle. Traditionally, it is considered to proceed far too slowly in the atmosphere. However, the significance of this process is highly uncertain because kinetic studies have only been made in dilute aqueous solutions but not under high ionic strength conditions of the aerosol particles. Here, we use laboratory experiments, air quality models, and field measurements to examine the effect of the ionic strength on the reaction kinetics of NO2 hydrolysis. We find that high ionic strengths (I) enhance the reaction rate constants (kI) by more than an order of magnitude compared to that at infinite dilution (kI=0), yielding log10(kI/kI=0) = 0.04I or rate enhancement factor = 100.04I. A state-of-the-art air quality model shows that the enhanced NO2 hydrolysis reduces the negative bias in the simulated concentrations of nitrous acid by 28% on average when compared to field observations over the North China Plain. Rapid NO2 hydrolysis also enhances the levels of nitrous acid in other polluted regions such as North India and further promotes atmospheric oxidation capacity. This study highlights the need to evaluate various reaction kinetics of atmospheric aerosols with high ionic strengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masao Gen
- Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Haotian Zheng
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
- CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yele Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wanyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Composition and Environmental Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research (ECI), Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hang Su
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yafang Cheng
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Shuxiao Wang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia Xing
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Likun Xue
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chaoyang Xue
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS - Université Orléans - CNES, Orléans Cedex 2 45071, France
| | - Yujing Mu
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiao Tian
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Atsushi Matsuki
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shaojie Song
- CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Harvard-China on Energy, Economy, and Environment, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
A spin-crossover framework endowed with pore-adjustable behavior by slow structural dynamics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3510. [PMID: 35717382 PMCID: PMC9206640 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-guest interactions play critical roles in achieving switchable structures and functionalities in porous materials, but design and control remain challenging. Here, we report a two-dimensional porous magnetic compound, [FeII(prentrz)2PdII(CN)4] (prentrz = (1E,2E)−3-phenyl-N-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-imine), which exhibits an atypical pore transformation that directly entangles with a spin state transition in response to water adsorption. In this material, the adsorption-induced, non-uniform pedal motion of the axial prentrz ligands and the crumpling/unfolding of the layer structure actuate a reversible narrow quasi-discrete pore (nqp) to large channel-type pore (lcp) change that leads to a pore rearrangement associated with simultaneous pore opening and closing. The unusual pore transformation results in programmable adsorption in which the lcp structure type must be achieved first by the long-time exposure of the nqp structure type in a steam-saturated atmosphere to accomplish the gate-opening adsorption. The structural transformation is accompanied by a variation in the spin-crossover (SCO) property of FeII, i.e., two-step SCO with a large plateau for the lcp phase and two-step SCO with no plateau for the nqp phase. The unusual adsorption-induced pore rearrangement and the related SCO property offer a way to design and control the pore structure and physical properties of dynamic frameworks. Host-guest interactions can play a critical role in achieving switchable porous materials, but controlling them remains challenging. Here the authors report an atypical pore rearrangement in a magnetic 2D porous framework upon water adsorption; the structural transformation affects the magnetic properties of the material.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Song L, Wang G, Liu H, Jing Z, Zhou Y, Zhu F, Zhang Y. Structure analysis of aqueous Mg(NO 3) 2 solutions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120478. [PMID: 34653851 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An increasing amount of research has investigated whether direct contact ion pairs (CIP) exist in magnesium nitrate solutions. In this work, the relationship between the concentration and microstructure, as well as the details of the ion pair structure in magnesium nitrate solutions were studied by Raman spectroscopy, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Component analysis showed that solvent-shared ion pairs (SIPs) and free hydrated ions were the dominant species in dilute solution. SIPs gradually transformed into contact ion pairs as the concentration increased. Complex structures and CIPs were the main species when WSR < 10, and as the concentration further increased, the CIP content gradually decreased, while the number of complex structures gradually increased. MD simulations and DFT calculations provide a new understanding of the structural units of ion pairs in magnesium nitrate solutions. The SIPs and CIPs were mainly composed of cationic triple ion clusters with two magnesium ions and one nitrate ion. The nitrate ion mainly existed as monodentate ligand to form a CIP with the magnesium ion. As the solution concentration increased, triple ion clusters gradually transformed into more complex chain structures. The structural complexity of magnesium nitrate solutions deserves further attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China
| | - Zhuanfang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongquan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China
| | - Fayan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Chemistry of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China.
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma S, Pang S, Li J, Zhang Y. A review of efflorescence kinetics studies on atmospherically relevant particles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130320. [PMID: 33773310 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The efflorescence transitions of aerosol particles have been intensively investigated due to their critical impacts on global climate and atmospheric chemistry. In the present study, we present a critical review of efflorescence kinetics focusing on three key issues: the efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) and the influence factors for aerosol ERH (e.g. particle sizes, and temperature); efflorescence processes of mixed aerosols, concerning the effect of coexisting inorganic and organic components on the efflorescence of inorganic salts; homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation rates of pure and mixed aerosols. Among the previous studies, there are significant discrepancies for measured aerosol ERH under even the same conditions. Moreover, the interactions between organic and inorganic components remain largely unclear, causing efflorescence transition behaviours and chemical composition evolutions of certain mixed systems to be debatable. Thus, it is important to better understand efflorescence to gain insights into the physicochemical properties and characterize observed efflorescence characteristics of atmospheric particles, as well as guide further studies on aerosol hygroscopicity and reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Ma
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sulfate formation is dominated by manganese-catalyzed oxidation of SO 2 on aerosol surfaces during haze events. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1993. [PMID: 33790274 PMCID: PMC8012371 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation mechanism of aerosol sulfate during wintertime haze events in China is still largely unknown. As companions, SO2 and transition metals are mainly emitted from coal combustion. Here, we argue that the transition metal-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 on aerosol surfaces could be the dominant sulfate formation pathway and investigate this hypothesis by integrating chamber experiments, numerical simulations and in-field observations. Our analysis shows that the contribution of the manganese-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 on aerosol surfaces is approximately one to two orders of magnitude larger than previously known routes, and contributes 69.2% ± 5.0% of the particulate sulfur production during haze events. This formation pathway could explain the missing source of sulfate and improve the understanding of atmospheric chemistry and climate change. Sulfate aerosols are an important component of wintertime haze events in China, but their production mechanisms are not well known. Here, the authors show that transition metal-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 on aerosol surfaces could be the dominant sulfate formation pathway in Northern China.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ashraf H, Guo Y, Wang N, Pang S, Zhang YH. Hygroscopicity of Hofmeister Salts and Glycine Aerosols-Salt Specific Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1589-1597. [PMID: 33576639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Hofmeister effect of inorganic ions to precipitate proteins has been used to understand the coagulation phenomenon in colloid and protein science. Herein, for the first time, this effect is studied on the hygroscopicity of aerosols using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The representative Hofmeister salts (MgSO4, KCl, NH4NO3) and amino acid (glycine) with different amino acid/salt molar ratios (ASRs) are mixed and atomized into micrometer-sized particles. For mixed kosmotrope (MgSO4)/glycine and chaotrope (NH4NO3)/glycine with an ASR of 1:1, both ERHs (efflorescence relative humidities) and DRHs (deliquescence relative humidities) are absent. However, for the mixtures of glycine and neutral salt (KCl), no DRH is observed while 66.2 and 61.4% ERH of glycine is detected for mixtures with ASRs of 1:1 and 1:3, respectively, which is similar to pure glycine. For the mixture of NH4NO3/glycine with an ASR of 1:3, ERH and DRH are found to be 15.4 and 32.2% RH, less than that of pure NH4NO3. Further, interactions between glycine-salt and/or water is also studied in the mixtures during hydration and dehydration. Water-mediated ion-glycine interaction is detected based on the two glycine bands merging into one band. Glycine-SO42- interaction is present for glycine/sulfate in all ASRs, while glycine-NO3- interaction is only seen for 1:3 glycine/NH4NO3 mixtures during hydration. This work opens a window to understand the Hofmeister effect on the hygroscopicity of atmospheric aerosols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ashraf
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P R China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P R China
| | - Na Wang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P R China
| | - Shufeng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P R China
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P R China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wallace BJ, Price CL, Davies JF, Preston TC. Multicomponent diffusion in atmospheric aerosol particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ea00008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Condensed phase mass transport in single aerosol particles is investigated using a linear quadrupole electrodynamic balance (LQ-EDB) and the Maxwell–Stefan (MS) framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Wallace
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Chelsea L. Price
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| | - James F. Davies
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Thomas C. Preston
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li L, Yue F, Li Y, Yang A, Li J, Lv Y, Zhong X. Degradation pathway and microbial mechanism of high-concentration thiocyanate in gold mine tailings wastewater. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25679-25684. [PMID: 35518587 PMCID: PMC9055349 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03330h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the inorganic pollutants with the highest concentration in the waste water of gold tailings using biohydrometallurgy, thiocyanate (SCN-) was effectively degraded in this research adopting a two-stage activated sludge biological treatment, and the corresponding degradation pathway and microbial community characteristics in this process were also studied. The results showed that SCN- at 1818.00 mg L-1 in the influent decreased to 0.68 mg L-1 after flowing through the two-stage activated sludge units. Raman spectroscopy was used to study the changes of relevant functional groups, finding that SCN- was degraded in the COS pathway. Based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, the microbial diversity in this system was analyzed, and the results indicated that Thiobacillus played a major role in degrading SCN-, of which the abundance in these two activated sludge units was 32.05% and 20.37%, respectively. The results further revealed the biological removal mechanism of SCN- in gold mine tailings wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Fanyao Yue
- Guizhou Jinfeng Gold Mine Limited, Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Qianxinan Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Yancheng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Aijiang Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Yang Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Xiong Zhong
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chang P, Gao X, Cai C, Ma J, Zhang Y. Effect of waiting time on the water transport kinetics of magnesium sulfate aerosol at gel-forming relative humidity using optical tweezers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 228:117727. [PMID: 31718970 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the loss of water, the amorphous gel states in aqueous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) aerosol forms and results in nonequilibrium dynamics, owing to the extended time scales for diffusive mixing. The mass transfer resistance in MgSO4 aerosol droplets during evaporation or condensation is investigated using aerosol optical tweezers (AOTs) coupled with Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the kinetics of water transport during hydration and dehydration after different waiting time is studied. With the cyclic change of the relative humidity (RH) below gel-forming, the waiting time is varied to examine the effect of the duration of drying and humidifying on water transport kinetics during subsequent hydration and dehydration process. Apparent diffusion coefficients (Dap) of water molecules in the gel state after different waiting time are obtained. The results indicate that the duration of drying will affect water transport kinetics for subsequent humidifying process due to the different structure and composition in MgSO4 aerosol droplet at different ambient humidities. However, the duration of humidifying has little effect on water transport kinetics for subsequent drying process below gel-forming RH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Chang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiabi Ma
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Richards DS, Trobaugh KL, Hajek-Herrera J, Davis RD. Dual-Balance Electrodynamic Trap as a Microanalytical Tool for Identifying Gel Transitions and Viscous Properties of Levitated Aerosol Particles. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3086-3094. [PMID: 31941272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The formation of gelatinous networks within an aerosol particle significantly alters the physicochemical properties of the aerosol material. Existing techniques for studying gel transitions rely on bulk rheometry, which is limited by contact with the sample, or microrheological techniques such as holographic optical tweezers, which rely on expensive equipment and high-powered lasers that can degrade light-absorbing aerosol. Here, we present a new technique to probe the microrheological characteristics of aerosol particles and explore gel formation under atmospheric conditions in a contactless environment without the need for high-power light sources. In a dual-balance quadrupole electrodynamic balance, levitated droplets of opposite polarity are trapped and equilibrated at fixed relative humidity (RH) and then subsequently merged, and the physical characteristics of the merged droplets are monitored as a function of time and RH using imaging techniques. By comparing the RH-dependent characteristics of MgSO4 (known to undergo a gel transition) to glucose and sucrose (known to remain as viscous Newtonian fluids) under fixed equilibration time scales, we demonstrate that gel phase transitions can be identified in aerosol particles, with MgSO4 abruptly transitioning to a rigid microgel at 30% RH. Further, we demonstrate this technique can be used to also measure aerosol viscosity and identify non-Newtonian fluid dynamics in model sea spray aerosol composed of NaCl, CaCl2, and sorbitol. Thus, using this experimental technique, it is possible to distinguish between aerosol compositions that form viscous Newtonian fluids and those that undergo a gel transition or form non-Newtonian fluids. This technique offers a simple and cost-effective analytical tool for probing gel transitions outside of bulk solubility limits, with relevant applications ranging from atmospheric science to microengineering of soft matter materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Richards
- Department of Chemistry , Trinity University , 1 Trinity Place , San Antonio , Texas 78212 , United States
| | - Kristin L Trobaugh
- Department of Chemistry , Trinity University , 1 Trinity Place , San Antonio , Texas 78212 , United States
| | - Josefina Hajek-Herrera
- Department of Chemistry , Trinity University , 1 Trinity Place , San Antonio , Texas 78212 , United States
| | - Ryan D Davis
- Department of Chemistry , Trinity University , 1 Trinity Place , San Antonio , Texas 78212 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang J, Liu K, Jin S, Jiang L, Liang P. A Review of Chinese Raman Spectroscopy Research Over the Past Twenty Years. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 74:130-159. [PMID: 30646745 DOI: 10.1177/0003702819828360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces the major Chinese research groups in the fields of biomedicine, food safety, environmental testing, material research, archaeological and cultural relics, gem identification, forensic science, and other research areas of Raman spectroscopy and combined methods spanning the two decades from 1997 to 2017. Briefly summarized are the research directions and contents of the major Chinese Raman spectroscopy research groups, giving researchers engaged in Raman spectroscopy research a more comprehensive understanding of the state of Chinese Raman spectroscopy research and future development trends to further develop Raman spectroscopy and its applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- Department of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Shangzhong Jin
- Department of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chang P, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Direct measurement of aerosol pH in individual malonic acid and citric acid droplets under different relative humidity conditions via Raman spectroscopy. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:124960. [PMID: 31590017 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acidity of aerosol particles plays important roles in atmospheric chemistry, in turn, impacting climate system and public health. Current knowledge of acidity in atmosphere aerosols remains fairly scarce largely because of difficulty in direct measurement. On the other hand, indirect methods for estimating aerosol pH are often inconsistent with pH values predicted by thermodynamic models. Recently, a direct Raman spectroscopy method has been reported to determine pH values of acid-conjugate base equilibria systems based on Raman intensity of distinct characteristic peaks of conjugate acid-base pair. Nevertheless, for pure carboxylic acid aerosol particles, such as malonic acid (MA), characteristic peak of its conjugate base cannot be clearly observed in Raman spectra owing to small Ka value (weak acid dissociation constant), which leads to little dissociation of weak acid and low concentration of its conjugated base. As a result, pH of carboxylic acid particles cannot be directly determined by calibrating concentrations of acid and its conjugated base using the above-mentioned method. To address such an issue, we demonstrate a new approach for determining pH values of malonic acid (MA) and citric acid (CA) droplets under different relative humidity (RH) based on calibration curves. We measure Raman intensity ratios of acid solutions at different concentrations and their pH values to establish a calibration curve, and then using the intensity ratio of MA and CA droplets under different RH to determine aerosol particle pH based on calibration curves. Results have shown that aerosol pH of MA droplet decreases with a decreasing RH and pH values ranges from 1.03 to -0.12, when RH value is reduced from 90% to 26%, in good agreement with model prediction values. In addition, we also, for the first time, report pH values of CA droplets under different RH conditions and its pH values range from 1.13 to -0.74 when RH is reduced from 91% to 28%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Chang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Zhe Chen
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80217, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Insight into the roles of two typical ion clusters and their second hydration shells: Implication for the nucleation mechanism in MgSO4 aqueous solution. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
14
|
Lv XJ, Wang Y, Cai C, Pang SF, Ma JB, Zhang YH. Investigation of gel formation and volatilization of acetate acid in magnesium acetate droplets by the optical tweezers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 200:179-185. [PMID: 29680496 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hygroscopicity and volatility of single magnesium acetate (MgAc2) aerosol particles at various relative humidities (RHs) are studied by a single-beam optical tweezers, and refractive indices (RIs) and morphology are characterized by cavity enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Gel formation and volatilization of acetate acid (HAc) in MgAc2 droplets are observed. Due to the formation of amorphous gel structure, water transposition in droplets at RH < 50% is significantly impeded on a time scale of 140,000 s. Different phase transition at RH < 10% is proposed to explain the distinct water loss after the gel formation. To compare volatilization of HAc in different systems, MgAc2 and sodium acetate (NaAc) droplets are maintained at several different stable RHs during up to 86,000 s. At RH ≈ 74%, magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) inclusions are formed in MgAc2 droplets due to the volatilization of HAc, and whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of MgAc2 droplets in the Raman spectrum quench after 50,000 s. In sharp contrast, after 86,000 s at RH ≈ 70%, NaAc droplets are in well-mixed liquid states, containing soluble sodium hydroxide (NaOH). At this state, the RI of NaAc droplet is increased, and the quenching of WGMs is not observable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Juan Lv
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cai
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bi Ma
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang N, Cai C, He X, Pang SF, Zhang YH. Vacuum FTIR study on the hygroscopicity of magnesium acetate aerosols. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 192:420-426. [PMID: 29202386 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hygroscopicity and volatility of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) are two important properties, which determine the composition, concentration, size, phase state of SOA and thus chemical and optical properties for SOA. In this work, magnesium acetate (Mg(Ac)2) aerosol was used as a simple SOA model in order to reveal relationship between hygroscopicity and volatility. A novel approach was set up based on a combination of a vacuum FTIR spectrometer and a home-made relative humidity (RH) controlling system. The striking advantage of this approach was that the RH and the compositions of aerosols could be obtained from a same IR spectrum, which guaranteed the synchronism between RH and spectral features on a sub-second scale. At the constant RH of 90% and 80% for 3000s, the water content within Mg(Ac)2 aerosol particles decreased about 19.0% and 9.4% while there were 13.4% and 6.0% of acetate loss. This was attributed to a cooperation between volatile of acetic acid and Mg2+ hydrolysis in Mg(Ac)2 aerosols, which greatly suppressed the hygroscopicity of Mg(Ac)2 aerosols. When the RH changed with pulsed mode between ~70% and ~90%, hygroscopicity relaxation was observed for Mg(Ac)2 aerosols. Diffuse coefficient of water in the relaxation process was estimated to be ~5×10-12m2·s-1 for the Mg(Ac)2 aerosols. Combining the IR spectra analysis, the decrease in the diffuse coefficient of water was due to the formation of magnesium hydroxide accompanying acetic acid evaporation in the aerosols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cai
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang He
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wan Y, Wang X, Hu W, Chou IM. Raman Spectroscopic Observations of the Ion Association between Mg2+ and SO42– in MgSO4-Saturated Droplets at Temperatures of ≤380 °C. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9027-36. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research & Institute of Energy Sciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research & Institute of Energy Sciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research & Institute of Energy Sciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - I-Ming Chou
- Laboratory
of Experimental Study Under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Sanya Institute
of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Silva I, Nunes A, Rocha SM, Coimbra MA. Composition of food grade Atlantic salts regarding triacylglycerides, polysaccharides and protein. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
18
|
Cai C, Tan S, Chen H, Ma J, Wang Y, Reid JP, Zhang Y. Slow water transport in MgSO4 aerosol droplets at gel-forming relative humidities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:29753-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of gel formation on water transport in MgSO4 aerosol droplets is investigated by deriving apparent diffusion coefficients of water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cai
- The Institute of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- People's Republic of China
| | - Seehua Tan
- The Institute of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hongnan Chen
- The Institute of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabi Ma
- The Institute of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang QN, Zhang Y, Cai C, Guo YC, Reid JP, Zhang YH. In Situ Observation on the Dynamic Process of Evaporation and Crystallization of Sodium Nitrate Droplets on a ZnSe Substrate by FTIR-ATR. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2728-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp412073c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Nuan Zhang
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of
Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of
Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of
Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu-Cong Guo
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of
Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jonathan P. Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS81TS, U.K
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- Institute
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of
Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Measurement of the association constants through micro-Raman spectra of supersaturated lithium perchlorate droplets. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
21
|
Luo JH, Zhang YH, Li ZS. Adsorption of water on an MgSO4 (100) surface: a first-principles investigation. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:1969-76. [PMID: 23630164 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption properties of water molecules on an MgSO4 (100) surface were investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) and supercell models. Optimized stable geometries of one and more than one water molecules adsorbed on an ideal MgSO4 (100) surface were obtained. The configurations with water molecules adsorbed on atoms of the second and third atomic layers of the MgSO4 (100) surface are quite stable. After adsorption, the separations between both the adjacent Mg atoms (R(Mg-Mg)) and the adjacent O atoms of the surface (R(O-O)) increase, which indicates that the MgSO4 (100) surface starts to deliquesce. In addition, water molecules are more likely to adsorb onto a defective surface rather than an ideal surface. Mulliken population analysis suggests that fewer charges transfer to the water molecule from the Mg atom of a defective substrate. Finally, Raman spectra were calculated for 0.5, 1, and 2 ML (ML=monolayer) water adsorbed on an MgSO4 (100) surface, which is helpful for further related experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Drawing Out the Structural Information About the First Hydration Layer of the Isolated Cl− Anion Through the FTIR-ATR Difference Spectra. J SOLUTION CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-013-9970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Ault AP, Zhao D, Ebben CJ, Tauber MJ, Geiger FM, Prather KA, Grassian VH. Raman microspectroscopy and vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy as probes of the bulk and surface compositions of size-resolved sea spray aerosol particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:6206-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp43899f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
24
|
Yu JY, Zhang Y, Zeng G, Zheng CM, Liu Y, Zhang YH. Suppression of NaNO3 crystal nucleation by glycerol: micro-Raman observation on the efflorescence process of mixed glycerol/NaNO3/water droplets. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1642-50. [PMID: 22229521 DOI: 10.1021/jp210824e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Although the hygroscopicity of a NaNO(3)/water microdroplet and a polyalcohol/water microdroplet, two of the most important aerosols in atmosphere, has been widely studied, little is known about the relationship between the hygroscopic behavior of mixed NaNO(3)/polyalcohol/water droplets and their structures on the molecular level. In this study, the hygroscopicity of mixed glycerol/NaNO(3)/water droplets deposited on a hydrophobic substrate was studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy with organic-to-inorganic molar ratios (OIRs) of 0.5, 1, and 2. In the mixed glycerol/NaNO(3)/water droplets, glycerol molecules tended to combine with Na(+) and NO(3)(-) ions by electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding, respectively. On the basis of the analyses of the changes of symmetric stretching (v(s)-CH(2)), asymmetric stretching (v(a)-CH(2)), their area ratio (Av(a)-CH(2)/Av(s)-CH(2)) of glycerol, and symmetric stretching band of NO(3)(-) (ν(1)-NO(3)(-)) with relative humidity (RH), it was found that the conformation of glycerol was transformed from αα mainly to γγ and partly to αγ with a decreasing RH in the mixed droplets, contrary to the case in the glycerol/water droplet. In addition, the glycerol with γγ and αγ conformation had strong interaction with Na(+) and NO(3)(-) respectively, which suppressed the formation of contact of ions and delayed the efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) for the mixed droplets compared to the NaNO(3)/water droplet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ying Yu
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zeng G, Shou JJ, Li KK, Zhang YH. In-situ confocal Raman observation of structural changes of insulin crystals in sequential dehydration process. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:1631-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
26
|
Li KK, Wang F, Zeng G, Reid JP, Zhang YH. Probing the Time Scale for Bulk Equilibration and Mass Transport of Water in Amorphous Inorganic Aerosol. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:14397-403. [DOI: 10.1021/jp209379f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Li
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Zeng
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jonathan P. Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang H, Wang S, Sun CC. Ab initioinvestigation on ion-associated species and association process in aqueous Na2SO4and Na2SO4/MgSO4solutions. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:084309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3622859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
28
|
Raman micro-spectrometry as a technique for investigating heterogeneous reactions on individual atmospheric particles. Sci China Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-4182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
29
|
Shou JJ, Zeng G, Zhang YH, Lu GQ(M. Micro-Raman Spectroscopic Observation of Water Expulsion Induced Destruction of Hydrophobic Clusters in Crystalline Lysozyme. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:9633-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904257x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Shou
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Guang Zeng
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - G. Q. (Max) Lu
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Theoretical understanding on thev1-SO42− band perturbed by the formation of magnesium sulfate ion pairs. J Comput Chem 2009; 30:493-503. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
31
|
Zhao LJ, Zeng QX, Zhang YH. State of Water in Supersaturated Nitrate Aerosols Disclosed by the Raman Difference Spectra. J Phys Chem A 2008; 113:215-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8084974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Zhao
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Xuan Zeng
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xiao HS, Dong JL, Wang LY, Zhao LJ, Wang F, Zhang YH. Spatially resolved micro-Raman observation on the phase separation of effloresced sea salt droplets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:8698-8702. [PMID: 19192784 DOI: 10.1021/es801181f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the investigation of the phase separation of individual seawater droplets in the efflorescence processes with the spatially resolved Raman system. Upon decreasing the relative humidity (RH), CaSO4.0.5H2O separated out foremost fromthe droplet atan unexpectedly high RH of approcimately 90%. Occasionally, CaSO4.2H2O substituted for CaSO4.O.5H2O crystallizing first at approximately 78% RH. Relatively large NaCI solids followed to crystallize at approximately 55% RH and led to the great loss of the solution. Then, the KMgCl3.6H2O crystallites separated out from the residual solutions, adjacentto NaCl at approximately 44% RH. Moreover, a shell structure of dried sea salt particle was found to form at low RHs, with the NaCl crystals in the core and minor supersaturated solutions covered with MgSO4 gel coating on the surface. Ultimately, the shielded solution partly effloresced into MgSO4 hydrates at very dry state (<5% RH).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shuang Xiao
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang LY, Ding F, Zhang YH, Zhao LJ, Hu YA. Anomalous hygroscopic growth of fine particles of MgSO4 aerosols investigated by FTIR/ATR spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 71:682-687. [PMID: 18321774 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2008.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Revised: 01/06/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates an approach for investigating the hygroscopic growth of MgSO4 aerosols deposited on ZnSe substrate by using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (FTIR/ATR) spectroscopy. The experimental setup based upon a refitted standard FTIR/ATR accessory was adopted for the hygroscopic study of aerosols. It has been found that the "predeliquescence" of fine MgSO4 aerosol particles with the mean spreading diameter around 500 nm occurred before roughly 15% RH. In contrast, the abrupt water absorption of coarse MgSO4 particles with the mean diameter larger than about 10 microm was reported to occur at roughly 42% RH, which was reproduced in this study. Up to now, both theoretical and experimental investigations were rare and immature for fine particles, but the method we used in this study worked very well for the fine particles of MgSO4 aerosols. It has been found that the possible reason for the "predeliquescence" fine particles of MgSO4 aerosols is that the initial state or phase of fine particles is different from coarse ones after desiccation. This research demonstrates that the approach based on the ATR technique is very convenient, accurate and requires only a little amount of lab supplies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Yu Wang
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lu PD, Wang F, Zhao LJ, Li WX, Li XH, Dong JL, Zhang YH, Lu GQ. Molecular events in deliquescence and efflorescence phase transitions of sodium nitrate particles studied by Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:104509. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2973623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
|
35
|
Micro-Raman investigations on the structures of the surface and the inner of MgSO4 droplets. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-008-0329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
Li XH, Zhao LJ, Dong JL, Xiao HS, Zhang YH. Confocal Raman Studies of Mg(NO3)2 Aerosol Particles Deposited on a Quartz Substrate: Supersaturated Structures and Complicated Phase Transitions. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:5032-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp709938x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Li
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Zhao
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Dong
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Shuang Xiao
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Science, and School of Aerospace Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhao LJ, Wang F, Zhang K, Zeng QX, Zhang YH. Deliquescence and Efflorescence Processes of Aerosol Particles Studied byin situFTIR and Raman Spectroscopy. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/21/01/1-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
38
|
Wang F, Zhang YH, Zhao LJ, Zhang H, Cheng H, Shou JJ. Micro-Raman study on the conformation behavior of succinate in supersaturated sodium succinate aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:4154-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b719457a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
39
|
Dong JL, Li XH, Zhao LJ, Xiao HS, Wang F, Guo X, Zhang YH. Raman Observation of the Interactions between NH4+, SO42-, and H2O in Supersaturated (NH4)2SO4 Droplets. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:12170-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp072772o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Dong
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | - Li-Jun Zhao
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | - Han-Shuang Xiao
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | - Feng Wang
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | - Xin Guo
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li XH, Wang F, Lu PD, Dong JL, Wang LY, Zhang YH. Confocal Raman Observation of the Efflorescence/Deliquescence Processes of Individual NaNO3 Particles on Quartz. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:24993-8. [PMID: 17149921 DOI: 10.1021/jp064221o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Confocal Raman spectroscopy was used to study the structural changes of bulk NaNO3 solutions with molar water-to-solute ratios (WSRs) of 54.0-12.3 and NaNO3 droplets (10-100 microm) with WSRs of 9.5-1.0 on a quartz substrate. Upon reduction of the WSR, a blue shift of the symmetric stretching band (nu(1)(NO3-)) from approximately 1048 to approximately 1058 cm(-1) was observed in the confocal Raman spectra with high signal-to-noise ratios. Accordingly, the full width at half-height of the nu(1)(NO3-) band increased from approximately 8.4 cm-1 for the dilute solution (WSR = 54.0) to approximately 15.6 cm-1 for the extremely supersaturated droplet (WSR = 1.0), suggesting the formation of contact ion pairs with different structures. For the O-H stretching band, the ratio of weak hydrogen-bonding components to strong ones, i.e., I(3488)/I(3256), increased from approximately 1.2 at WSR = 54.0 to approximately 7.3 at WSR = 1.0, indicating that the strong hydrogen bonds were heavily destroyed between water molecules especially in the supersaturated droplets. In the humidifying process, two hygroscopic behaviors were observed depending on the morphology of solid NaNO3 particles. No surface water was detected for a solid NaNO3 particle with rhombohedral shape at relative humidities (RHs) below 86%. When the RH increased from 86% to 93%, it suddenly absorbed water and turned into a solution droplet. For a maple-leaf-shaped NaNO3 particle with a rough surface, however, a trace of residual water originally remained on the rough surface even at very low RH according to its Raman spectrum. Its initial water uptake from the ambient occurred at approximately 70% RH. The small amount of initially adsorbed water induced surface rearrangement of the maple-leaf-shaped particle. A further increase of RH made the particle gradually turn into a regular solid core swathed in a solution layer. Eventually, it completely deliquesced in the RH region of 86-93%, similar to the case of the NaNO3 particle with rhombohedral shape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Li
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China 100081
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhao LJ, Zhang YH, Wei ZF, Cheng H, Li XH. Magnesium Sulfate Aerosols Studied by FTIR Spectroscopy: Hygroscopic Properties, Supersaturated Structures, and Implications for Seawater Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:951-8. [PMID: 16419995 DOI: 10.1021/jp055291i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Supersaturated MgSO4 aerosols and dilute MgSO4 solutions were studied by FTIR spectroscopic techniques (i.e., aerosol flow tube (AFT) and attenuated total reflection (ATR)). The hygroscopic properties of MgSO4 aerosols were investigated with results in good agreement with previous measurements by a scanning electrodynamic balance (SEDB). Well-defined spectral evolutions with changing relative humidity (RH) for the v3 band of SO4(2-) and the water O-H stretching envelope could be directly related to the observed hygroscopic properties of MgSO4 aerosols. When the RH decreased from approximately 55 to approximately 40%, the v1 band of SO4(2-) in supersaturated MgSO4 aerosols was observed to transform from a sharp peak at approximately 983 cm(-1) into a wide band at approximately 1005 cm(-1). The sharp peak at approximately 983 cm(-1) was mainly assigned to such associated complexes of Mg2+ and SO4(2-) as double solvent-separated ion pairs (2SIPs), solvent-shared ion pairs (SIPs), and simple contact ion pairs (CIPs) in supersaturated MgSO4 aerosols, while the wide band at approximately 1005 cm(-1) was due to polymeric CIPs chains, probably the main component of gels formed in MgSO4 aerosols at low RHs. Relating to this v1 band transformation, the peak position of the v(3) band was first shown to be a sensitive indicator of CIPs formation, spanning across approximately 40 cm(-1) on the formation of polymeric CIPs chains, which could also be supported by aerosol composition analysis in the form of water-to-solute molar ratios (WSR). In the water O-H stretching envelope, the absorbance intensities at 3371 and 3251 cm(-1) were selected to represent contributions from weak and strong hydrogen bonds, respectively. The absorbance intensity ratio changing with RH of 3371 to 3251 cm(-1) could be related to the previous observations with the v1 and v3 bands of SO4(2-). As a result, the formation of CIPs with various structures in large amounts was supposed to significantly weaken hydrogen bonds in supersaturated MgSO4 aerosols, while 2SIPs and SIPs were not expected to have similar effects even when occurring in abundance. In comparison with MgSO4 aerosols, the peak positions of the v3 band of SO4(2-) in artificial seawater aerosols implied that the MgSO4 component should be contained as gels or concentrated solutions in the fissures of microcrystals of sea salts for freshly formed seawater aerosols at low RHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Zhao
- Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|