1
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Recent advances in non-optical microfluidic platforms for bioparticle detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114944. [PMID: 36470061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The effective analysis of the basic structure and functional information of bioparticles are of great significance for the early diagnosis of diseases. The synergism between microfluidics and particle manipulation/detection technologies offers enhanced system integration capability and test accuracy for the detection of various bioparticles. Most microfluidic detection platforms are based on optical strategies such as fluorescence, absorbance, and image recognition. Although optical microfluidic platforms have proven their capabilities in the practical clinical detection of bioparticles, shortcomings such as expensive components and whole bulky devices have limited their practicality in the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) systems to be used in remote and underdeveloped areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop cost-effective non-optical microfluidic platforms for bioparticle detection that can act as alternatives to optical counterparts. In this review, we first briefly summarise passive and active methods for bioparticle manipulation in microfluidics. Then, we survey the latest progress in non-optical microfluidic strategies based on electrical, magnetic, and acoustic techniques for bioparticle detection. Finally, a perspective is offered, clarifying challenges faced by current non-optical platforms in developing practical POCT devices and clinical applications.
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2
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Jiang T, Chen X, Ren Y, Tang D, Jiang H. Dielectric Characterization and Multistage Separation of Various Cells via Dielectrophoresis in a Bipolar Electrode Arrayed Device. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10220-10228. [PMID: 34261311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolation of microalgal cells is as an indispensable part of producing biofuels for energy security and detecting toxic contaminants for marine routine monitoring. Microalgae live together with various microalgae naturally, and abundant samples need to be tackled in practical applications. Therefore, effective separation technologies need to be developed urgently to achieve high-throughput separation of various microalgae. Herein, we develop a reliable device to characterize the dielectric response of microalgae and sequentially separate various microalgae utilizing dielectrophoretic force in a bipolar electrode (BPE) arrayed device. First, by investigating the array width extension (AWE) effect on the electric- and flow-field distributions, we explore consequences of incidental electrohydrodynamic mechanisms and axial flow rate on the separation. Second, based on device performance on sample characterizations, we demonstrate this technology by separating microparticles in three- and five-channel devices. Third, we discriminate dead and live cells to explore its capability using the cell viability test and illustrate the AWE influence on the separation. Fourth, we characterize dielectric responses of different microalgae and separate C. vulgaris and Oocystis sp. Finally, we extended BPEs in length and developed an arrayed device for sequential separation of various microalgae, and this platform is successfully engineered in high-throughput isolation of C. vulgaris from complex samples. This technology presents good potential in addressing depleting fossil fuel and burgeoning environmental concerns due to its performance in the separation of microalgal strains from complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Jiang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yukun Ren
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Dewei Tang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
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3
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Electrical properties characterization of single yeast cells by dielectrophoretic motion and electro-rotation. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:11. [PMID: 33547978 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The electrical parameters of single cells are label-free and intrinsic properties that can reflect the physiological characteristics. In recent years, many measurement methods based on impedance spectroscopy and rotation spectrum analysis have been developed. However, most of these works need to measure the response at whole frequency range to obtain DEP spectra and estimate the electrical parameters by fitting method, which are time-consuming and limit the measurement throughput. Therefore, improving the measurement throughput for single cells is an essential problem to be solved addressed. In this paper we present a microfluidic chip that combines dielectrophoretic motion and electro-rotation technology for single-cell electrical properties characterization. Since the movement and rotation speed of single cell in mediums are related to the electrical parameters of itself, electric signals and medium, the electrical properties can be obtained by measuring and analyzing the movement trajectory and rotation speed of the cell. Numerical simulations were performed to analyze the electric field distribution of the chip under different signal configurations, which predict the movement trajectory and rotation state, and determine the values of electric field on the cells. Based on the simulation results, cell focusing, dielectrophoretic motion and electro-rotation were successfully realized. By analyzing the movement trajectory and rotation speed, the conductivity of wall and the permittivity of membrane of yeast cells were characterized. The measurement method avoids the time-consuming of the traditional rotational spectra method, and can realize rapid and efficiency and single-cell electrical characterization.
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4
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Sooriyaarachchi D, Maharubin S, Tan GZ. ZnO Nanowire-Anchored Microfluidic Device With Herringbone Structure Fabricated by Maskless Photolithography. Biomed Eng Comput Biol 2020; 11:1179597220941431. [PMID: 32704232 PMCID: PMC7361484 DOI: 10.1177/1179597220941431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of nanomaterials in microfluidic devices has emerged as a new research paradigm. Microfluidic devices composed of ZnO nanowires have been developed for the collection of urine extracellular vesicles (EVs) at high efficiency and in situ extraction of various microRNAs (miRNAs). The devices can be used for diagnosing various diseases, including kidney diseases and cancers. A major research need for developing micro total analysis systems is to enhance extraction efficiency. This article presents a novel fabrication method for a herringbone-patterned microfluidic device anchored with ZnO nanowire arrays. The substrates with herringbone patterns were created by maskless photolithography. The ZnO nanowire arrays were grown on the substrates by chemical bathing. The patterned design was to introduce turbulent flows as opposed to laminar flow in traditional devices to increase the mixing and contact of the urine sample with ZnO nanowires. The device showed reduced flow rates compared with conventional planar microfluidic channels and successfully extracted urine EV-encapsulated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshan Sooriyaarachchi
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shahrima Maharubin
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - George Z Tan
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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5
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Integrated Microfluidic Device for Enrichment and Identification of Circulating Tumor Cells from the Blood of Patients with Colorectal Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:8945974. [PMID: 31354892 PMCID: PMC6636595 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8945974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Integrated device with high purity for circulating tumor cell (CTC) identification has been regarded as a key goal to make CTC analysis a “bench-to-bedside” technology. Here, we have developed a novel integrated microfluidic device that can enrich and identify the CTCs from the blood of patients with colorectal cancer. To enrich CTCs from whole blood, microfabricated trapping chambers were included in the miniaturized device, allowing for the isolation of tumor cells based on differences in size and deformability between tumor and normal blood cells. Microvalves were also introduced sequentially in the device, enabling automatic CTC enrichment as well as immunostaining reagent delivery. Under optimized conditions, the whole blood spiked with caco-2 cells passing through the microfluidic device after leukocyte depletion and approximately 73% of caco-2 cells were identified by epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) staining. In clinical samples, CTCs were detectable from all patients with advanced colorectal cancer within 3 h. In contrast, the number of CTCs captured on the device from the blood of healthy donors was significantly lower than that from the patients, suggesting the utilization of the integrated device for further molecular analyses of CTCs.
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6
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Xuan X. Recent advances in direct current electrokinetic manipulation of particles for microfluidic applications. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2484-2513. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Clemson University; Clemson SC USA
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7
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Chen Q, Yuan YJ. A review of polystyrene bead manipulation by dielectrophoresis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4963-4981. [PMID: 35514668 PMCID: PMC9060650 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09017c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploitation of the intrinsic electrical properties of particles has recently emerged as an appealing approach for trapping and separating various scaled particles. Initiative particle manipulation by dielectrophoresis (DEP) showed remarkable advantages including high speed, ease of handling, high precision and being label-free. Herein, we provide a general overview of the manipulation of polystyrene (PS) beads and related particles via DEP; especially, the wide applications of these manipulated PS beads in the quantitative evaluation of device performance for model validation and standardization have been discussed. The motion and polarizability of the PS beads induced by DEP were analyzed and classified into two categories as positive and negative DEP within the time and space domains. The DEP techniques used for bioparticle manipulation were demonstrated, and their applications were conducted in four fields: trapping of single-sized PS beads, separation of multiple-sized PS beads by size, separation of PS beads and non-bioparticles, and separation of PS beads and bioparticles. Finally, future perspectives on DEP-on-a-chip have been proposed to discriminate bio-targets in the network of microfluidic channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Chen
- Laboratory of Biosensing and MicroMechatronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu Sichuan 610031 China
| | - Yong J Yuan
- Laboratory of Biosensing and MicroMechatronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu Sichuan 610031 China
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8
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Tang W, Jiang D, Li Z, Zhu L, Shi J, Yang J, Xiang N. Recent advances in microfluidic cell sorting techniques based on both physical and biochemical principles. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:930-954. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai Tang
- School of Electrical and Automation Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing; Nanjing Normal University; P. R. China
- Nanjing Institute of Intelligent High-end Equipment Industry Co., Ltd.; P. R. China
| | - Di Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; P. R. China
| | - Zongan Li
- School of Electrical and Automation Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing; Nanjing Normal University; P. R. China
| | - Liya Zhu
- School of Electrical and Automation Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing; Nanjing Normal University; P. R. China
| | - Jianping Shi
- School of Electrical and Automation Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing; Nanjing Normal University; P. R. China
| | - Jiquan Yang
- School of Electrical and Automation Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing; Nanjing Normal University; P. R. China
- Nanjing Institute of Intelligent High-end Equipment Industry Co., Ltd.; P. R. China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments; Southeast University; P. R. China
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9
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Abstract
![]()
Hydrodynamic phenomena
are ubiquitous in living organisms and can
be used to manipulate cells or emulate physiological microenvironments
experienced in vivo. Hydrodynamic effects influence multiple cellular
properties and processes, including cell morphology, intracellular
processes, cell–cell signaling cascades and reaction kinetics,
and play an important role at the single-cell, multicellular, and
organ level. Selected hydrodynamic effects can also be leveraged to
control mechanical stresses, analyte transport, as well as local temperature
within cellular microenvironments. With a better understanding of
fluid mechanics at the micrometer-length scale and the advent of microfluidic
technologies, a new generation of experimental tools that provide
control over cellular microenvironments and emulate physiological
conditions with exquisite accuracy is now emerging. Accordingly, we
believe that it is timely to assess the concepts underlying hydrodynamic
control of cellular microenvironments and their applications and provide
some perspective on the future of such tools in in vitro cell-culture
models. Generally, we describe the interplay between living cells,
hydrodynamic stressors, and fluid flow-induced effects imposed on
the cells. This interplay results in a broad range of chemical, biological,
and physical phenomena in and around cells. More specifically, we
describe and formulate the underlying physics of hydrodynamic phenomena
affecting both adhered and suspended cells. Moreover, we provide an
overview of representative studies that leverage hydrodynamic effects
in the context of single-cell studies within microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Huber
- IBM Research-Zürich , Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ali Oskooei
- IBM Research-Zürich , Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Casadevall I Solvas
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Govind V Kaigala
- IBM Research-Zürich , Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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10
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Chen X, Ren Y, Liu W, Feng X, Jia Y, Tao Y, Jiang H. A Simplified Microfluidic Device for Particle Separation with Two Consecutive Steps: Induced Charge Electro-osmotic Prefocusing and Dielectrophoretic Separation. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9583-9592. [PMID: 28783330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Continuous dielectrophoretic separation is recognized as a powerful technique for a large number of applications including early stage cancer diagnosis, water quality analysis, and stem-cell-based therapy. Generally, the prefocusing of a particle mixture into a stream is an essential process to ensure all particles are subjected to the same electric field geometry in the separation region. However, accomplishing this focusing process either requires hydrodynamic squeezing, which requires an encumbering peripheral system and a complicated operation to drive and control the fluid motion, or depends on dielectrophoretic forces, which are highly sensitive to the dielectric characterization of particles. An alternative focusing technique, induced charge electro-osmosis (ICEO), has been demonstrated to be effective in focusing an incoming mixture into a particle stream as well as nonselective regarding the particles of interest. Encouraged by these aspects, we propose a hybrid method for microparticle separation based on a delicate combination of ICEO focusing and dielectrophoretic deflection. This method involves two steps: focusing the mixture into a thin particle stream via ICEO vortex flow and separating the particles of differing dielectic properties through dielectrophoresis. To demonstrate the feasibility of the method proposed, we designed and fabricated a microfluidic chip and separated a mixture consisting of yeast cells and silica particles with an efficiency exceeding 96%. This method has good potential for flexible integration into other microfluidic chips in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Ren
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyu Liu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangsong Feng
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankai Jia
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tao
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
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11
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Abstract
The detection and separation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are crucial in early cancer diagnosis and cancer prognosis. Filtration through a thin film is one of the size and deformability based separation methods, which can isolate rare CTCs from the peripheral blood of cancer patients regardless of their heterogeneity. In this paper, volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase flow models are employed to clarify the cells’ filtering processes. The cells may deform significantly when they enter a channel constriction, which will induce cell membrane stress and damage if the area strain is larger than the critical value. Therefore, the cellular damage criterion characterized by membrane area strain is presented in our model, i.e., the lysis limit of the lipid bilayer is taken as the critical area strain. Under this criterion, we discover that the microfilters with slit-shaped pores do less damage to cells than those with circular pores. The influence of contact angle between the microfilters and blood cells on cellular injury is also discussed. Moreover, the optimal film thickness and flux in our simulations are obtained as 0.5 μm and 0.375 mm/s, respectively. These findings will provide constructive guidance for the improvement of next generation microfilters with higher throughput and less cellular damage.
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12
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Tang W, Tang D, Ni Z, Xiang N, Yi H. Microfluidic Impedance Cytometer with Inertial Focusing and Liquid Electrodes for High-Throughput Cell Counting and Discrimination. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3154-3161. [PMID: 28264567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel impedance microcytometer integrated with inertial focusing and liquid electrode techniques for high-throughput cell counting and discrimination. The inertial prefocusing unit orders cells into a determinate train to reduce the possibility of cell adhesions and ensure that only one cell passes through detection region at a time, which improves the accuracy of downstream detection. The liquid electrodes are constructed by inserting Ag/AgCl wires into the electrode chambers filled with flowing highly conductive electrolyte solutions, which have a high detection sensitivity while requiring a simple fabrication process. The effects of main sample flow rate, feed flow rate in electrode chambers, and feed solution type on measured impedance signals are experimentally explored. On the basis of the optimized system, we establish a linear relationship between the amplitude of impedance peaks and the volume of size-calibrated particles and achieve a high detection throughput of ∼5000 cells/s. Finally, using the calibrated microcytometer, we further investigate the size distributions of human breast tumor cells (MCF-7 cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells (WBCs)) and set a threshold amplitude to successfully distinguish the MCF-7 cells spiked in WBCs. Our impedance microcytometer may provide a potential tool for label-free cell enumeration and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China
| | - Dezhi Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China
| | - Hong Yi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China
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13
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Zhao K, Peng R, Li D. Separation of nanoparticles by a nano-orifice based DC-dielectrophoresis method in a pressure-driven flow. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:18945-18955. [PMID: 27775139 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06952e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel DC-dielectrophoresis (DEP) method employing a pressure-driven flow for the continuous separation of micro/nano-particles is presented in this paper. To generate the DEP force, a small voltage difference is applied to produce a non-uniformity of the electric field across a microchannel via a larger orifice of several hundred microns on one side of the channel wall and a smaller orifice of several hundred nanometers on the opposite channel wall. The particles experience a DEP force when they move with the flow through the vicinity of the small orifice, where the strongest electrical field gradient exists. Experiments were conducted to demonstrate the separation of 1 μm and 3 μm polystyrene particles by size by adjusting the applied electrical potentials. In order to separate smaller nanoparticles, the electrical conductivity of the suspending solution is adjusted so that the polystyrene nanoparticles of a given size experience positive DEP while the polystyrene nanoparticles of another size experience negative DEP. Using this method, the separation of 51 nm and 140 nm nanoparticles and the separation of 140 nm and 500 nm nanoparticles were demonstrated. In comparison with the microfluidic DC-DEP methods reported in the literature which utilize hurdles or obstacles to induce the non-uniformity of an electric field, a pair of asymmetrical orifices on the channel side walls is used in this method to generate a strong electrical field gradient and has advantages such as capability of separating nanoparticles, and locally applied lower electrical voltages to minimize the Joule heating effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, CanadaN2L 3G1.
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14
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Wang J, Lu W, Tang C, Liu Y, Sun J, Mu X, Zhang L, Dai B, Li X, Zhuo H, Jiang X. Label-Free Isolation and mRNA Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells from Patients with Metastatic Lung Cancer for Disease Diagnosis and Monitoring Therapeutic Efficacy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11893-900. [PMID: 26531886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chuanhao Tang
- Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences (307 Hospital), No. 8 Dongdajie, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences (307 Hospital), No. 8 Dongdajie, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiashu Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xuan Mu
- Peking
Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Peking
Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department
of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences (307 Hospital), No. 8 Dongdajie, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hailong Zhuo
- Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences (307 Hospital), No. 8 Dongdajie, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
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15
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Ren L, Chen Y, Li P, Mao Z, Huang PH, Rufo J, Guo F, Wang L, McCoy JP, Levine SJ, Huang TJ. A high-throughput acoustic cell sorter. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:3870-3879. [PMID: 26289231 PMCID: PMC4641751 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00706b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic-based fluorescence activated cell sorters (FACS) have drawn increased attention in recent years due to their versatility, high biocompatibility, high controllability, and simple design. However, the sorting throughput for existing acoustic cell sorters is far from optimum for practical applications. Here we report a high-throughput cell sorting method based on standing surface acoustic waves (SSAWs). We utilized a pair of focused interdigital transducers (FIDTs) to generate SSAW with high resolution and high energy efficiency. As a result, the sorting throughput is improved significantly from conventional acoustic-based cell sorting methods. We demonstrated the successful sorting of 10 μm polystyrene particles with a minimum actuation time of 72 μs, which translates to a potential sorting rate of more than 13,800 events per second. Without using a cell-detection unit, we were able to demonstrate an actual sorting throughput of 3300 events per second. Our sorting method can be conveniently integrated with upstream detection units, and it represents an important development towards a functional acoustic-based FACS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Ren
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yuchao Chen
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Joseph Rufo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Ascent Bio-Nano Technologies, Inc., State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - J. Philip McCoy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stewart J. Levine
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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16
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Sha C, Fan Y, Cheng J, Cheng H. Quantitative determination of dopamine in single rat pheochromocytoma cells by microchip electrophoresis with only one high-voltage power supply. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2357-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Sha
- Department of Pharmacy; South-Central University for Nationalities; Wuhan China
| | - Yuejuan Fan
- Department of Pharmacy; South-Central University for Nationalities; Wuhan China
| | - Jieke Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Han Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy; South-Central University for Nationalities; Wuhan China
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17
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Shields CW, Reyes CD, López GP. Microfluidic cell sorting: a review of the advances in the separation of cells from debulking to rare cell isolation. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:1230-49. [PMID: 25598308 PMCID: PMC4331226 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 546] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and high throughput cell sorting is a critical enabling technology in molecular and cellular biology, biotechnology, and medicine. While conventional methods can provide high efficiency sorting in short timescales, advances in microfluidics have enabled the realization of miniaturized devices offering similar capabilities that exploit a variety of physical principles. We classify these technologies as either active or passive. Active systems generally use external fields (e.g., acoustic, electric, magnetic, and optical) to impose forces to displace cells for sorting, whereas passive systems use inertial forces, filters, and adhesion mechanisms to purify cell populations. Cell sorting on microchips provides numerous advantages over conventional methods by reducing the size of necessary equipment, eliminating potentially biohazardous aerosols, and simplifying the complex protocols commonly associated with cell sorting. Additionally, microchip devices are well suited for parallelization, enabling complete lab-on-a-chip devices for cellular isolation, analysis, and experimental processing. In this review, we examine the breadth of microfluidic cell sorting technologies, while focusing on those that offer the greatest potential for translation into clinical and industrial practice and that offer multiple, useful functions. We organize these sorting technologies by the type of cell preparation required (i.e., fluorescent label-based sorting, bead-based sorting, and label-free sorting) as well as by the physical principles underlying each sorting mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wyatt Shields
- NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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18
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He S, Zhang Y, Wang P, Xu X, Zhu K, Pan W, Liu W, Cai K, Sun J, Zhang W, Jiang X. Multiplexed microfluidic blotting of proteins and nucleic acids by parallel, serpentine microchannels. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:105-12. [PMID: 25342223 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00901k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput, high-efficiency and straightforward microfluidic blotting method for analyzing proteins and nucleic acids.
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19
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Zhang Y, Sun J, Zou Y, Chen W, Zhang W, Xi JJ, Jiang X. Barcoded microchips for biomolecular assays. Anal Chem 2014; 87:900-6. [PMID: 25513831 DOI: 10.1021/ac5032379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiplexed assay of analytes is of great importance for clinical diagnostics and other analytical applications. Barcode-based bioassays with the ability to encode and decode may realize this goal in a straightforward and consistent manner. We present here a microfluidic barcoded chip containing several sets of microchannels with different widths, imitating the commonly used barcode. A single barcoded microchip can carry out tens of individual protein/nucleic acid assays (encode) and immediately yield all assay results by a portable barcode reader or a smartphone (decode). The applicability of a barcoded microchip is demonstrated by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunoassays for simultaneous detection of three targets (anti-gp41 antibody, anti-gp120 antibody, and anti-gp36 antibody) from six human serum samples. We can also determine seven pathogen-specific oligonucleotides by a single chip containing both positive and negative controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
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20
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Cheri MS, Latifi H, Khashei H, Seresht MJ. Focusing and continuous separation of microparticles by insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) in stair-shaped microchannel. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3523-32. [PMID: 25256784 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Focusing and separation of microparticles in a complex mixture have had wide applications in chemistry, biology, medicine, etc. This work presents a numerical and experimental investigation on focusing and continuous separation of microparticles in a geometrically optimized arrangement of steps in the form of a staircase using insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) mechanism. First, a detailed finite element analysis was performed on important parameters in the focusing and separation of microparticles, such as geometry of stair-shaped microchannel, total voltage, and voltage difference applied to reservoirs. The optimum parameters obtained from numerical analysis were used for experimental work. Theoretically, predicted microparticle trajectories are in good agreement with experimentally observed ones. Experimental and numerical results show that the performance of focusing of microparticles enhances with growth of the total voltage (in a constant voltage difference) and decreases with voltage difference. The fabricated iDEP microchip enhances the performance of focusing and separation of microparticles due to its stair-shaped microchannel and therefore operates at low DC total applied voltages of 90-110 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Cheri
- Laser and Plasma Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Xing X, Poon RY, Wong CS, Yobas L. Label-free enumeration of colorectal cancer cells from lymphocytes performed at a high cell-loading density by using interdigitated ring-array microelectrodes. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 61:434-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wang C, Feng Q, Fan F, Zhang G, Kang X, Qin X, Sun J, Li Y, Jiang X. Integrated Microcapillary for Sample-to-Answer Nucleic Acid Pretreatment, Amplification, and Detection. Anal Chem 2014; 86:10461-6. [PMID: 25242282 DOI: 10.1021/ac503072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fei Fan
- Laboratory
Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Laboratory
Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xixiong Kang
- Laboratory
Diagnosis Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xuzhen Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiashu Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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23
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Abstract
Separation of cells is a critical process for studying cell properties, disease diagnostics, and therapeutics. Cell sorting by acoustic waves offers a means to separate cells on the basis of their size and physical properties in a label-free, contactless, and biocompatible manner. The separation sensitivity and efficiency of currently available acoustic-based approaches, however, are limited, thereby restricting their widespread application in research and health diagnostics. In this work, we introduce a unique configuration of tilted-angle standing surface acoustic waves (taSSAW), which are oriented at an optimally designed inclination to the flow direction in the microfluidic channel. We demonstrate that this design significantly improves the efficiency and sensitivity of acoustic separation techniques. To optimize our device design, we carried out systematic simulations of cell trajectories, matching closely with experimental results. Using numerically optimized design of taSSAW, we successfully separated 2- and 10-µm-diameter polystyrene beads with a separation efficiency of ∼ 99%, and separated 7.3- and 9.9-µm-polystyrene beads with an efficiency of ∼ 97%. We illustrate that taSSAW is capable of effectively separating particles-cells of approximately the same size and density but different compressibility. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the present technique for biological-biomedical applications by sorting MCF-7 human breast cancer cells from nonmalignant leukocytes, while preserving the integrity of the separated cells. The method introduced here thus offers a unique route for separating circulating tumor cells, and for label-free cell separation with potential applications in biological research, disease diagnostics, and clinical practice.
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24
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Guillaume-Gentil O, Zambelli T, Vorholt JA. Isolation of single mammalian cells from adherent cultures by fluidic force microscopy. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:402-14. [PMID: 24270585 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc51174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The physical separation of individual cells from cell populations for single-cell analysis and proliferation is of wide interest in biology and medicine. Today, single-cell isolation is routinely applied to non-adherent cells, though its application to cells grown on a substrate remains challenging. In this report, a versatile approach for isolating single HeLa cells directly from their culture dish is presented. Fluidic force microscopy is first used to detach the targeted cell(s) via the tunable delivery of trypsin, thereby achieving cellular detachment with single-cell resolution. The cell is then trapped by the microfluidic probe via gentle aspiration, displaced with micrometric precision and either transferred onto a new substrate or deposited into a microwell. An optimised non-fouling coating ensures fully reversible cell capture and the potential for serial isolation of multiple cells with 100% successful transfer rate (n = 130) and a survival rate of greater than 95%. By providing an efficient means for isolating targeted adherent cells, the described approach offers exciting possibilities for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orane Guillaume-Gentil
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Microbiology, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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25
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Riordon J, Nash M, Jing W, Godin M. Quantifying the volume of single cells continuously using a microfluidic pressure-driven trap with media exchange. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:011101. [PMID: 24753720 PMCID: PMC3977783 DOI: 10.1063/1.4867035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a microfluidic device capable of tracking the volume of individual cells by integrating an on-chip volume sensor with pressure-activated cell trapping capabilities. The device creates a dynamic trap by operating in feedback; a cell is periodically redirected back and forth through a microfluidic volume sensor (Coulter principle). Sieve valves are positioned on both ends of the sensing channel, creating a physical barrier which enables media to be quickly exchanged while keeping a cell firmly in place. The volume of individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells was tracked over entire growth cycles, and the ability to quickly exchange media was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Riordon
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michael Nash
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Wenyang Jing
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michel Godin
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada ; Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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26
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Abstract
The isolation and sorting of cells has become an increasingly important step in chemical and biological analyses. As a unit operation in more complex analyses, isolating a phenotypically pure cell population from a heterogeneous sample presents unique challenges. Microfluidic systems are ideal platforms for performing cell separations, enabling integration with other techniques and enhancing traditional separation modalities. In recent years there have been several techniques that use surface antigen affinity, physical interactions, or a combination of the two to achieve high separation purity and efficiency. This review discusses methods including magnetophoretic, acoustophoretic, sedimentation, electric, and hydrodynamic methods for physical separations. We also discuss affinity methods, including magnetic sorting, flow sorting, and affinity capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
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27
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Sun J, Kang Y, Boczko EM, Jiang X. A Microfluidic Cell Size/Density Sensor by Resistive Pulse Detection. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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28
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Sun J, Liu C, Li M, Wang J, Xianyu Y, Hu G, Jiang X. Size-based hydrodynamic rare tumor cell separation in curved microfluidic channels. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:11802. [PMID: 24396523 PMCID: PMC3555910 DOI: 10.1063/1.4774311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a rapid and continuous rare tumor cell separation based on hydrodynamic effects in a label-free manner. The competition between the inertial lift force and Dean drag force inside a double spiral microchannel results in the size-based cell separation of large tumor cells and small blood cells. The mechanism of hydrodynamic separation in curved microchannel was investigated by a numerical model. Experiments with binary mixture of 5- and 15-μm-diameter polystyrene particles using the double spiral channel showed a separation purity of more than 95% at the flow rate above 30 ml/h. High throughput (2.5 × 10(8) cells/min) and efficient cell separation (more than 90%) of spiked HeLa cells and 20 × diluted blood cells was also achieved by the double spiral channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Sun
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chao Liu
- LNM, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunlei Xianyu
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- LNM, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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29
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Watarai H. Continuous separation principles using external microaction forces. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2013; 6:353-78. [PMID: 23772659 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062012-092551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, methods for the continuous separation of microparticles with microaction forces have rapidly advanced. Various action forces have been used in designs of both microchannel and capillary continuous separation systems, which depend on properties such as conductivity, permittivity, absorptivity, refractive index, magnetic susceptibility, and compressibility. Particle migration velocity has been used to characterize the particles. Biological cells have been the most interesting targets of these continuous separation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Watarai
- Institute for NanoScience Design, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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30
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31
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Sun J, Li M, Liu C, Zhang Y, Liu D, Liu W, Hu G, Jiang X. Double spiral microchannel for label-free tumor cell separation and enrichment. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:3952-60. [PMID: 22868446 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on a passive double spiral microfluidic device allowing rapid and label-free tumor cell separation and enrichment from diluted peripheral whole blood, by exploiting the size-dependent hydrodynamic forces. A numerical model is developed to simulate the Dean flow inside the curved geometry and to track the particle/cell trajectories, which is validated against the experimental observations and serves as a theoretical foundation for optimizing the operating conditions. Results from separating tumor cells (MCF-7 and Hela) spiked into whole blood indicate that 92.28% of blood cells and 96.77% of tumor cells are collected at the inner and the middle outlet, respectively, with 88.5% tumor recovery rate at a throughput of 3.33 × 10(7) cells min(-1). We expect that this label-free microfluidic platform, driven by purely hydrodynamic forces, would have an impact on fundamental and clinical studies of circulating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Sun
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
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32
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Lee KS, Yoon SY, Lee KH, Kim SB, Sung HJ, Kim SS. Optofluidic particle manipulation in a liquid-core/liquid-cladding waveguide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:17348-17358. [PMID: 23038286 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.017348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a method for particle manipulation in a liquid-core/liquid-cladding optical waveguide system. Step-index and graded-index waveguides were modeled with consideration for, respectively, miscible and immiscible core and cladding fluids. The characteristic motions of four different particles with refractive indices of 1.59, 1.48, 1.37, and 1.22 were examined. The guided beam was assumed to be Gaussian in shape. Our results showed that high-refractive-index particles converged at the center of the core fluid due to a positive gradient force, whereas low-refractive-index particles converged at the flow periphery. The nonlinearity of the particle motion increased as the flow velocity and the guided beam waist decreased and the laser power and the particle size increased. The initial beam waist of the guided beam in the graded-index waveguide did not significantly affect the characteristics of the particle motion due to the effects of diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Soo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
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33
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Autebert J, Coudert B, Bidard FC, Pierga JY, Descroix S, Malaquin L, Viovy JL. Microfluidic: An innovative tool for efficient cell sorting. Methods 2012; 57:297-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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