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Metwally H, Yu J, Theriault R, Kolwich JL, Ellis R, Ross AC, Oleschuk RD. Crown ether dopant to reduce ion suppression and improve detection in the liquid microjunction surface sampling probe. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9889. [PMID: 39159929 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Sodium and potassium are required in agar media for the growth of some microorganisms (e.g., marine bacteria). However, alkali cations are a significant source of contamination for mass spectrometry causing ion suppression and adduct formation. Conventionally, salts can be removed before mass spectrometric analysis with appropriate and often lengthy sample preparation. The direct mass spectrometric sampling of bacterial colonies grown on agar media seeks to minimize or eliminate sample preparation to improve workflow. However, this may exacerbate ion suppression and contamination since these metal cations will degrade spectral quality and limit the rapid profiling of microbial metabolites. Different approaches are needed to sequester sodium and potassium ions to minimize unwanted background interferences. Herein, we use crown ethers (CEs) in combination with a liquid microjunction surface sampling probe (LMJ-SSP) to directly sample the surface of the bacterial colonies from two marine bacteria species (Pseudoalteromonas rubra DSM6842 and Pseudoalteromonas tunicata DSM 14096). CEs (e.g., 18-crown-6 or 15-crown-5) are added to the carrier solvent of the LMJ-SSP, the chemical noise is reduced, and spectra are easier to interpret. METHODS The liquid microjunction formed at the tip of LMJ-SSP was used to directly touch bacterial colonies on agar. The carrier solvent was either methanol (100%) or methanol: H2O (50:49.9%) with or without 0.01% CEs. Information-theoretic measures are employed to investigate qualitative changes between spectra before and after adding CEs. RESULTS Our work demonstrates the capability of CEs to reduce background interferences within the direct profiling of bacterial colonies from agar plates. The data obtained from both P. rubra DSM6842 and P. tunicata DSM 14096 show that CEs can be used to mitigate the salty background and improve compound detection. CONCLUSION Our approach can be implemented in natural product discovery using LMJ-SSP to allow fast and accurate detection of interesting/novel compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy Metwally
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Theriault
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Randy Ellis
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Avena C Ross
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Venter AR. Protein analysis by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 39056172 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This review presents progress made in the ambient analysis of proteins, in particular by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS). Related ambient ionization techniques are discussed in comparison to DESI-MS only to illustrate the larger context of protein analysis by ambient ionization mass spectrometry. The review describes early and current approaches for the analysis of undigested proteins, native proteins, tryptic digests, and indirect protein determination through reporter molecules. Applications to mass spectrometry imaging for protein spatial distributions, the identification of posttranslational modifications, determination of binding stoichiometries, and enzymatic transformations are discussed. The analytical capabilities of other ambient ionization techniques such as LESA and nano-DESI currently exceed those of DESI-MS for in situ surface sampling of intact proteins from tissues. This review shows, however, that despite its many limitations, DESI-MS is making valuable contributions to protein analysis. The challenges in sensitivity, spatial resolution, and mass range are surmountable obstacles and further development and improvements to DESI-MS is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre R Venter
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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3
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Chen Y, Yang S, Yu K, Zhang J, Wu M, Zheng Y, Zhu Y, Dai J, Wang C, Zhu X, Dai Y, Sun Y, Wu T, Wang S. Spatial omics: An innovative frontier in aging research. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102158. [PMID: 38056503 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Disentangling the impact of aging on health and disease has become critical as population aging progresses rapidly. Studying aging at the molecular level is complicated by the diverse aging profiles and dynamics. However, the examination of cellular states within aging tissues in situ is hampered by the lack of high-resolution spatial data. Emerging spatial omics technologies facilitate molecular and spatial analysis of tissues, providing direct access to precise information on various functional regions and serving as a favorable tool for unraveling the heterogeneity of aging. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in spatial omics application in multi-organ aging research, which has enhanced the understanding of aging mechanisms from multiple standpoints. We also discuss the main challenges in spatial omics research to date, the opportunities for further developing the technology, and the potential applications of spatial omics in aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixu Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge, P.O. Box 19628, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- College of Science & Engineering Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhong Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Wuhan, China.
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Kumar BS. Recent developments and applications of ambient mass spectrometry imaging in pharmaceutical research: an overview. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 16:8-32. [PMID: 38088775 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01267k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The application of ambient mass spectrometry imaging "MSI" is expanding in the areas of fundamental research on drug delivery and multiple phases of the process of identifying and developing drugs. Precise monitoring of a drug's pharmacological workflows, such as intake, distribution, metabolism, and discharge, is made easier by MSI's ability to determine the concentrations of the initiating drug and its metabolites across dosed samples without losing spatial data. Lipids, glycans, and proteins are just a few of the many phenotypes that MSI may be used to concurrently examine. Each of these substances has a particular distribution pattern and biological function throughout the body. MSI offers the perfect analytical tool for examining a drug's pharmacological features, especially in vitro and in vivo effectiveness, security, probable toxic effects, and putative molecular pathways, because of its high responsiveness in chemical and physical environments. The utilization of MSI in the field of pharmacy has further extended from the traditional tissue examination to the early stages of drug discovery and development, including examining the structure-function connection, high-throughput capabilities in vitro examination, and ex vivo research on individual cells or tumor spheroids. Additionally, an enormous array of endogenous substances that may function as tissue diagnostics can be scanned simultaneously, giving the specimen a highly thorough characterization. Ambient MSI techniques are soft enough to allow for easy examination of the native sample to gather data on exterior chemical compositions. This paper provides a scientific and methodological overview of ambient MSI utilization in research on pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Sampath Kumar
- Independent researcher, 21, B2, 27th Street, Lakshmi Flats, Nanganallur, Chennai 600061, India.
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5
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Jiang LX, Polack M, Li X, Yang M, Belder D, Laskin J. A monolithic microfluidic probe for ambient mass spectrometry imaging of biological tissues. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4664-4673. [PMID: 37782224 PMCID: PMC10823490 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful technique that allows for the simultaneous mapping of hundreds of molecules in biological samples under atmospheric conditions, requiring minimal sample preparation. We have developed nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI), a liquid extraction-based ambient ionization technique, which has proven to be sensitive and capable of achieving high spatial resolution. We have previously described an integrated microfluidic probe, which simplifies the nano-DESI setup, but is quite difficult to fabricate. Herein, we introduce a facile and scalable strategy for fabricating microfluidic devices for nano-DESI MSI applications. Our approach involves the use of selective laser-assisted etching (SLE) of fused silica to create a monolithic microfluidic probe (SLE-MFP). Unlike the traditional photolithography-based fabrication, SLE eliminates the need for the wafer bonding process and allows for automated, scalable fabrication of the probe. The chamfered design of the sampling port and ESI emitter significantly reduces the amount of polishing required to fine-tune the probe thereby streamlining and simplifying the fabrication process. We have also examined the performance of a V-shaped probe, in which only the sampling port is fabricated using SLE technology. The V-shaped design of the probe is easy to fabricate and provides an opportunity to independently optimize the size and shape of the electrospray emitter. We have evaluated the performance of SLE-MFP by imaging mouse tissue sections. Our results demonstrate that SLE technology enables the fabrication of robust monolithic microfluidic probes for MSI experiments. This development expands the capabilities of nano-DESI MSI and makes the technique more accessible to the broader scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xue Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Matthias Polack
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
| | - Xiangtang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Manxi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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6
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Li X, Hu H, Laskin J. High-resolution integrated microfluidic probe for mass spectrometry imaging of biological tissues. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341830. [PMID: 37827646 PMCID: PMC10594281 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is an ambient ionization technique that enables molecular imaging of biological samples with high spatial resolution. We have recently developed an integrated microfluidic probe (iMFP) for nano-DESI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) that significantly enhances the robustness of the technique. In this study, we designed a new probe that enables imaging of biological samples with high spatial resolution. The new probe design features smaller primary and spray channels and an entirely new configuration of the sampling port that enables robust imaging of tissues with a spatial resolution of 8-10 μm. We demonstrate the spatial resolution, sensitivity, durability, and throughput of the iMFP by imaging mouse uterine and brain tissue sections. The robustness of the high-resolution iMFP allowed us to perform first imaging experiments with both high spatial resolution and high throughput, which is particularly advantageous for high-resolution imaging of large tissue sections of interest to most MSI applications. Overall, the new probe design opens opportunities for mapping of biomolecules in biological samples with high throughput and cellular resolution, which is important for understanding biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States.
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7
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Arigò A, Famiglini G, Marittimo N, Agostini M, Renzoni C, Palma P, Cappiello A. Extractive-liquid sampling electron ionization-mass spectrometry (E-LEI-MS): a new powerful combination for direct analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6429. [PMID: 37081134 PMCID: PMC10119378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One of modern analytical chemistry main challenges is providing as fast as possible results in different application fields. In this view, real-time analysis techniques are experiencing ever-increasing success as they can provide data quickly, almost without sample preparation steps. Most of real-time approaches are based on direct mass spectrometry (DMS), a method of analyzing samples without the need for separation or pre-treatment steps. Instead, the sample is directly introduced into the mass spectrometer for analysis. In this context, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) techniques are widely represented and successfully used. Extractive-liquid sampling electron ionization-mass spectrometry (E-LEI-MS) represents a different analytical strategy that allows coupling ambient sampling with electron ionization (EI), avoiding any sample preparation step and providing identification based on the comparison with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library spectra. E-LEI-MS consists of a dispositive for solvent release and sampling at ambient conditions coupled with an EI source of a single quadrupole mass spectrometer. A micromanipulator allows fine (x,y,z) positioning of a sampling tip. MS can operate in scan or SIM modes depending on the application goals and requirements. Several preliminary successful results were already obtained due to the highly informative EI mass spectra generation. The system was applied to the analysis of active ingredients in pharmaceutical tablets, pesticides on fruit peel, a drug of abuse (cocaine) determination in banknotes, and analysis of unknown components on painting surfaces. Both forensic and artwork applications allowed determining the spatial distribution of the analytes. Here we present a proof-of-concept of E-LEI-MS for targeted/non-targeted analysis and semi-quantitative detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Arigò
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Famiglini
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Nicole Marittimo
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Laboratorio di Tossicologia, A.S.T. AV1, Via Lombroso 15, 61122, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Renzoni
- Laboratorio di Tossicologia, A.S.T. AV1, Via Lombroso 15, 61122, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Pierangela Palma
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, B-360-R306, 900 Fifth St., Nanaimo, BC, Canada
| | - Achille Cappiello
- LC-MS Lab, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, B-360-R306, 900 Fifth St., Nanaimo, BC, Canada
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8
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Yue H, He F, Zhao Z, Duan Y. Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry: Recent progress and applications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:95-130. [PMID: 34128567 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has grown as a group of advanced analytical techniques that allow for the direct sampling and ionization of the analytes in different statuses from their native environment without or with minimum sample pretreatments. As a significant category of AMS, plasma-based AMS has gained a lot of attention due to its features that allow rapid, real-time, high-throughput, in vivo, and in situ analysis in various fields, including bioanalysis, pharmaceuticals, forensics, food safety, and mass spectrometry imaging. Tens of new methods have been developed since the introduction of the first plasma-based AMS technique direct analysis in real-time. This review first provides a comprehensive overview of the established plasma-based AMS techniques from their ion source configurations, mechanisms, and developments. Then, the progress of the representative applications in various scientific fields in the past 4 years (January 2017 to January 2021) has been summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and propose the future directions of plasma-based AMS from our perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feiyao He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Rickert D, Gómez-Ríos GA, Singh V, Pawliszyn J. Understanding the effect of spatial positioning of coated blade spray devices relative to the mass spectrometry inlet on different instrument platforms and its application to quantitative analysis of fentanyl and related analogs. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9388. [PMID: 36039809 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE We evaluated the effect that the spatial positioning of coated-blade spray (CBS) devices with respect to the mass spectrometry (MS) inlet has when coupling to diverse MS platforms (i.e., triple quadrupole, linear ion trap and time of flight). Furthermore, as a proof of concept, we evaluated CBS-MS as a tool for quantitation of fentanyl and four analogues on said instruments. METHODS Custom-made MS interfaces were made to accurately position the blade in front of the MS inlet. CBS devices, coated with hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced particles, were used for both the optimization of the CBS position and the quantitation of fentanyl and analogues in urine and plasma samples on all instruments. RESULTS The SCIEX triple quadrupole instrument was the most sensitive to the position of the blade due to the presence of a curtain gas flowing laminarly out of the MS inlet. After optimization, the analytical capabilities of CBS on each instrument were assessed and the results obtained on both SCIEX and Waters platforms matched the performance obtained using a more advanced instrument by ThermoFisher Scientific. Furthermore, excellent figures of merit were attained for the quantitation of fentanyl and analogues on both triple quadrupole and linear ion trap platforms. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that optimization of MS parameters on different instrument vendors and front ends, such as the position of the CBS tip regarding the MS inlet, is vital to exploit the full quantitative potential of this technology. Application of the technology to screen and quantify fentanyl and analogues showed great potential when considering its coupling with portable mass spectrometers for therapeutic drug monitoring and point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rickert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Varoon Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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10
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Kravets KY, Timakova SI, Grechnikov AA, Borodkov AS, Laptinskaya PK, Kuzmin VS, Simanovsky YO. Screening of Medicinal Compounds in Blood by Atmospheric Pressure Laser Plasma Ionization Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Chakrabarty S, Serum EM, Winders TM, Neville B, Kleinhenz MD, Magnin G, Coetzee JF, Dahlen CR, Swanson KC, Smith DJ. Rapid quantification of cannabinoids in beef tissues and bodily fluids using direct-delivery electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1705-1717. [PMID: 35939416 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2107711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Hempseed cake is a byproduct of hempseed oil extraction and is potentially a useful source of protein and fiber for use in ruminant diets. However, data are lacking on the appearance and/or clearance of cannabinoids in tissues of animals fed hempseed cake. To this end, a rapid method for quantifying cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinolic acid (CBNA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) in cattle tissues, plasma, and urine was developed using rapid screen electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RS-ESI-MS). Regression coefficients of matrix-matched standard curves ranged from 0.9946 to >0.9999 and analyte recoveries averaged from 90.2 ± 15.5 to 108.7 ± 18.7% across all compounds. Limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.05 to 2.79 ng · mL-1 and 0.17 to 9.30 ng · mL-1, respectively, while the inter-day relative standard deviation ranged from 5.1 to 15.1%. Rapid screening electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RS-ESI-MS) returned no false positives for any cannabinoid in plasma, urine, and tissue (liver, skeletal muscle) samples from 6 non-dosed control animals (n = 90 samples; of which 72 samples were plasma or urine and 18 samples were tissues). Across-animal cannabinoid concentrations measured in 32 plasma samples of cattle dosed with ground hemp were quantified by RS-ESI-MS; analytical results correlated well (r2 = 0.963) with independent LC-MS/MS analysis of the same samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhashis Chakrabarty
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.,USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Eric M Serum
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Thomas M Winders
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Bryan Neville
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, US Meat Animal Research Center, NE, USA
| | - Michael D Kleinhenz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Geraldine Magnin
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Johann F Coetzee
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Carl R Dahlen
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kendall C Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - David J Smith
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND, USA
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12
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Gong X, Shi S, Zhang D, Gamez G. Quantitative Analysis of Exhaled Breath Collected on Filter Substrates via Low-Temperature Plasma Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1518-1529. [PMID: 35792104 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Breath analysis has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its great potential for disease diagnostics at early stages and for clinical drug monitoring. There are several recent examples of successful development of real-time, in vivo quantitative analysis of exhaled breath metabolites via mass spectrometry. On the other hand, current mass spectrometer accessibility limitations restrict point-of-care applications. Here now, an offline method is developed for quantitative analysis of exhaled breath collected on inexpensive filter substrates for direct desorption and ionization by using low-temperature plasma-mass spectrometry (LTP-MS). In particular, different operating conditions of the ionization source were systematically studied to optimize desorption/ionization by using glycerol, a low volatility compound. Applications with respect to propofol, γ-valprolactone, and nicotine analysis in exhaled breath are demonstrated in this study. The effects of several filter substrate properties, including filter material and pore size, on the analyte signal were characterized. Cellulose filter papers performed best with the present analytes. In addition, filters with smaller pores enabled a more efficient sample collection. Furthermore, sample-collection flow rate was determined to have a very significant effect, with slower flow rates yielding the best results. It was also found that filters loaded with sample can be successfully stored in glass vials with no observable sample loss even after 3 days. Limits of detection under optimized conditions are shown to be competitive or significantly better compared with relevant techniques and with additional benefits of cost-efficiency and sample storage capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Gong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Songyue Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Gerardo Gamez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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13
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Basham V, Hancock T, McKendrick J, Tessarolo N, Wicking C. Detailed chemical analysis of a fully formulated oil using dielectric barrier discharge ionisation-mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9320. [PMID: 35484791 PMCID: PMC9286547 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Fully formulated oils (FFOs) are integral to automotive lubrication; however, detailed compositional analysis is challenging due to high levels of chemical complexity. In particular, existing mass spectrometric approaches often target particular FFO components, leading to poor analytical coverage of the overall formulation, with increased overheads and analytical timescales. METHODS Herein we report the application of a commercially available SICRIT SC-20 dielectric barrier discharge ionisation (DBDI) source and Thermo Fisher Scientific LTQ Orbitrap XL to the analysis of an FFO. Nitrogen was used as a discharge gas for the DBDI source, and was modified using a range of commonplace solvents to tailor the experimental conditions for the analysis of various components. RESULTS The reported method allowed analysis of a range of FFO components of interest, encompassing a wide range of chemistries, in under 1 min. By modifying the discharge gas used for ionisation, experiments could be optimised for the analysis of particular FFO components across positive and negative ion modes. In particular, use of water vapour as a discharge gas modifier with positive ion mode mass spectrometry permitted concomitant analysis of antioxidants and base oil hydrocarbons. Furthermore, case studies of selected linear alkanes and alkenes profile the differences in the range of ions formed across these saturated and unsaturated aliphatic compounds, giving insight into the fate of base oil hydrocarbons in FFO analyses. CONCLUSIONS A rapid method for analysis of FFO compositions has been developed and provides coverage of a range of components of interest. The results indicate that the method presented may be of utility in analysis of other FFOs or similarly challenging complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Basham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Whiteknights CampusUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | - John McKendrick
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Whiteknights CampusUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
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14
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Li X, Hu H, Yin R, Li Y, Sun X, Dey SK, Laskin J. High-Throughput Nano-DESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Biological Tissues Using an Integrated Microfluidic Probe. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9690-9696. [PMID: 35770488 PMCID: PMC11330694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanospray desorption electrospray mass spectrometry imaging (nano-DESI MSI) enables quantitative mapping of hundreds of molecules in biological samples with minimal sample pretreatment. We have recently developed an integrated microfluidic probe (iMFP) for nano-DESI MSI. Herein, we describe an improved design of the iMFP for the high-throughput imaging of tissue sections. We increased the dimensions of the primary and spray channels and optimized the spray voltage and solvent flow rate to obtain a stable operation of the iMFP at both low and high scan rates. We observe that the sensitivity, molecular coverage, and spatial resolution obtained using the iMFP do not change to a significant extent as the scan rate increases. Using a scan rate of 0.4 mm/s, we obtained high-quality images of mouse uterine tissue sections (scan area: 3.2 mm × 2.3 mm) in only 9.5 min and of mouse brain tissue (scan area: 7.0 mm × 5.4 mm) in 21.7 min, which corresponds to a 10-15-fold improvement in the experimental throughput. We have also developed a quantitative metric for evaluating the quality of ion images obtained at different scan rates. Using this metric, we demonstrate that the quality of nano-DESI MSI data does not degrade substantially with an increase in the scan rate. The ability to image biological tissues with high throughput using iMFP-based nano-DESI MSI will substantially speed up tissue mapping efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ruichuan Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Yingju Li
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Centre and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, United States
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Centre and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, United States
| | - Sudhansu K. Dey
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Centre and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
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15
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Baghernia H, Seyed Golestan SMJ, Hajiani S, Shokri B, Ghassempour A. Increasing DESI-MS Ion Signal by Plasma Treatment. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:907-916. [PMID: 35522602 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many studies are focused on using plasma in mass spectrometry as an ionization source or postionization method. In this study, the effect of plasma treatment in the sample preparation step of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) has been investigated. The plasma treatment of polar samples, including morphine, codeine, captopril, theophylline, fructose, and amphiphilic compounds such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in E. coli bacteria, as well as nonpolar compounds, including thebaine, papaverine, and noscapine, has been followed for ionization efficiency in DESI technique. An atmospheric-pressure glow discharge plasma (GDP) along with the electrospray ionization technique is examined. Plasma treatment before ambient ionization has a dramatic effect on polar and nonpolar sample signals in DESI-TOF mass spectrometry. The intensity of the mass spectrum shows an increase of 1.9-3.4 times for polar compounds, 2.1-2.5 times for nonpolar compounds, and 3.0 times for PE in E. coli bacteria (N = 4). Plasma is a source of reactive atoms, molecules, ions, radicals, and ultraviolet radiation. Plasma surface treatment before DESI analysis by energetic species through momentum/energy transfer yields higher energy surface molecules, leading to more/easier desorption. Under optimal treatment conditions, an improved ion signal intensity is observed without any fragmentation, decomposition, or chemical changes. Ion signals are increased possibly by both increased ionization through protonation of molecules and enhanced subsequent desorption during DESI analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Baghernia
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | | | - Shahedeh Hajiani
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Babak Shokri
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
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16
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Rapid screening of illegal additives in functional food using atmospheric pressure solids analysis probe coupled to a portable mass spectrometer. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 214:114722. [PMID: 35325799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical drugs like Sildenafil are illegally added to functional food such as nutritional supplements and herbal remedies to deliver drugs without a regular prescription to consumers. Rapid screening of illegal additives is desirable for the public security department. The seized samples are often large in number and unknown in composition; methods are needed for qualitative screening of unknown samples. Here, a new approach is presented based on atmospheric pressure solids analysis probe (ASAP) coupled with single-quadrupole mass spectrometer to rapidly screen 42 common illegal additives in six categories of functional food. The ASAP-MS method could be applied to solid or liquid sample analysis with a very simple pre-treatment and no LC chromatographic separation, using a home-built library; the identification of suspicious additives could be obtained rapidly. More importantly, the approach is sensitive enough for complex matrix samples like coffee samples. 21 batches of seized unknown samples were tested by the ASAP-MS, and the positive results were confirmed by LC-MS/MS(QQQ), indicating that the ASAP-MS method is effective and reliable. The ASAP-MS with home-built library is a promising method for rapid screening of illegal additives in functional food, which could be widely used in the grassroots police station that lack professional laboratory environment.
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17
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Li J, Liu J, Wan Y, Wang J, Pi F. Routine analysis of pesticides in foodstuffs: Emerging ambient ionization mass spectrometry as an alternative strategy to be on your radar. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7341-7356. [PMID: 35229702 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides residues in foodstuffs are longstanding of great concern to consumers and governments, thus reliable evaluation techniques for these residues are necessary to ensure food safety. Emerging ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS), a transformative technology in the field of analytical chemistry, is becoming a promising and solid evaluation technology due to its advantages of direct, real-time and in-situ ionization on samples without complex pretreatments. To provide useful guidance on the evaluation techniques in the field of food safety, we offered a comprehensive review on the AIMS technology and introduced their novel applications for the analysis of residual pesticides in foodstuffs under different testing scenarios (i.e., quantitative, screening, imaging, high-throughput detection and rapid on-site analysis). Meanwhile, the creative combination of AIMS with high-resolution mass analyzer (e.g., orbitrap and time-of-flight) was fundamentally mentioned based on recent studies about the detection and evaluation of multi-residual pesticides between 2015 and 2021. Finally, the technical challenges and prospects associated with AIMS operation in food industry were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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18
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Shen B, Yang X, Noll SE, Yang X, Liu Y, Jia S, Zhao J, Zheng S, Zare RN, Zhong H. Cell-Based Ambient Venturi Autosampling and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometric Imaging of Secretory Products. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3456-3466. [PMID: 35157418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A cell-based ambient Venturi autosampling device was established for the monitoring of dynamic cell secretions in response to chemical stimulations in real time with temporal resolution on the order of a second. Detection of secretory products of cells and screening of bioactive compounds are primarily performed on an ambient autosampling probe and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. It takes advantage of the Venturi effect in which the fluid flowing through an inlet capillary tube is automatically fed into a parallel array of multiple outlet capillaries. Cells are incubated inside the inlet capillary tube that is connected with either a syringe pump or liquid chromatography (LC) for the transfer of single compounds or mixtures, respectively. Secretory products were continuously pushed into the outlet capillaries and then spotted into a compressed thin film of the matrix material 9-aminoacridine for MALDI mass spectrometric imaging. In physiological pH, without the use of high voltages and without the use of chemical derivatizations, this platform can be applied to the direct assay of neurotransmitters or other secretory products released from cells in response to the stimulation of individual compounds or LC-separated eluates of natural mixtures. It provides a new way to identify bioactive compounds with a detection limit down to 0.04 fmol/pixel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojie Shen
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Sarah Elizabeth Noll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Shi Zheng
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hongying Zhong
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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19
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Miao M, Zhao G, Cheng P, Li J, Zhang J, Pan H. Rapid Analysis of Trace Phthalates by Spray-Inlet Microwave Plasma Torch Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Commercial Perfumes. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:54-61. [PMID: 34636904 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The less volatile fraction of perfumes can be easily contaminated by phthalates esters (PAEs) which are endocrine-disrupting chemicals during the production, bottling and transportation processes. It is necessary to establish an innovative and rapid method to determine the trace PAEs in commercial perfumes. OBJECTIVE Hence, self-built spray-inlet microwave plasma torch ionization coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer (QTOF-MS) was developed for direct analysis of PAEs in perfumes with no sample pretreatment. METHODS Perfumes were sprayed to the MPT's flame directly by sampling pump in 10 µL/min and the ions produced by MPT were introduced into QTOF-MS, the MPT worked at 2450 MHz and 40 W in the 800 ml/min flow rate of argon. RESULTS For the developed method, excellent linearities were obtained and the correlation coefficient of Di-n-pentyl Phthalate was 0.9799 and the rest were larger than 0.99. The LODs and LOQs were obtained in the ranges of 1.452-18.96 ng/g and 4.839-63.19 ng/g, respectively. The spiked recoveries of PAEs were in the range of 100.1-105.2% with satisfied intra-day RSDs and inter-day RSDs ranging from 1.51-4.34% and 3.45-5.65%, respectively. PAEs in commercial perfumes were successfully detected by spray-inlet MPT-MS2 with low concentrations from 0.036-1.352 µg/g. CONCLUSIONS The method is a promising tool in field analysis of PAEs in cosmetic solutions where rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis in needed. HIGHLIGHTS The method was satisfactorily applied to the analysis of commercial perfume samples within 30 s, and earned merits such as simplicity, sensitivity, environmental friendliness and ease operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Miao
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Gaosheng Zhao
- Zhejiang University, College of Control Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310000 China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Shanghai University, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai, 200444 China
| | - Jia Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Hongzhi Pan
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai, 200120 China
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20
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Basu SS, Stopka SA, Abdelmoula WM, Randall EC, Gimenez-Cassina Lopez B, Regan MS, Calligaris D, Lu FF, Norton I, Mallory MA, Santagata S, Dillon DA, Golshan M, Agar NYR. Interim clinical trial analysis of intraoperative mass spectrometry for breast cancer surgery. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:116. [PMID: 34504095 PMCID: PMC8429658 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal resection of breast tumors requires removing cancer with a rim of normal tissue while preserving uninvolved regions of the breast. Surgical and pathological techniques that permit rapid molecular characterization of tissue could facilitate such resections. Mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly used in the research setting to detect and classify tumors and has the potential to detect cancer at surgical margins. Here, we describe the ex vivo intraoperative clinical application of MS using a liquid micro-junction surface sample probe (LMJ-SSP) to assess breast cancer margins. In a midpoint analysis of a registered clinical trial, surgical specimens from 21 women with treatment naïve invasive breast cancer were prospectively collected and analyzed at the time of surgery with subsequent histopathological determination. Normal and tumor breast specimens from the lumpectomy resected by the surgeon were smeared onto glass slides for rapid analysis. Lipidomic profiles were acquired from these specimens using LMJ-SSP MS in negative ionization mode within the operating suite and post-surgery analysis of the data revealed five candidate ions separating tumor from healthy tissue in this limited dataset. More data is required before considering the ions as candidate markers. Here, we present an application of ambient MS within the operating room to analyze breast cancer tissue and surgical margins. Lessons learned from these initial promising studies are being used to further evaluate the five candidate biomarkers and to further refine and optimize intraoperative MS as a tool for surgical guidance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha S Basu
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylwia A Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walid M Abdelmoula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Randall
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael S Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Calligaris
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fake F Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isaiah Norton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa A Mallory
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah A Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehra Golshan
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Evans-Nguyen K, Stelmack AR, Clowser PC, Holtz JM, Mulligan CC. FIELDABLE MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE, HOMELAND SECURITY, AND DEFENSE APPLICATIONS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:628-646. [PMID: 32722885 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is commonly used in forensic chemistry laboratories for sensitive, definitive analysis. There have been significant efforts to bring mass spectrometry analysis on-site through the development of ruggedized, fieldable instruments. Testing samples in the field is of particular interest in forensic science, homeland security, and defense applications. In forensic chemistry, testing seized drugs in the field can significantly improve efficiencies in processing of related criminal cases. The screening of passengers and luggage at transportation hubs is a critical need for homeland security for which mass spectrometry is well suited to provide definitive answers with low false positive rates. Mass spectrometry can yield reliable data for military personnel testing sites for potential chemical weapons release. To meet the needs of the forensic and security communities fieldable mass spectrometers based on membrane inlet systems and hybrid gas chromatography systems have been developed and commercialized. More recently developed ambient ionization mass spectrometry methods can eliminate the time, equipment, and expertise associated with sample preparation, and so are especially appealing for on-site analysis. We describe the development of fieldable mass spectrometry systems, with emphasis on commercially available systems that have been deployed for on-site analysis of seized drugs, chemical warfare agents, explosives, and other analytes of interest to the forensic and security communities. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyon Evans-Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | - Jessica M Holtz
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL
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22
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Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful, label-free technique that provides detailed maps of hundreds of molecules in complex samples with high sensitivity and subcellular spatial resolution. Accurate quantification in MSI relies on a detailed understanding of matrix effects associated with the ionization process along with evaluation of the extraction efficiency and mass-dependent ion losses occurring in the analysis step. We present a critical summary of approaches developed for quantitative MSI of metabolites, lipids, and proteins in biological tissues and discuss their current and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Unsihuay
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; , ,
| | - Daniela Mesa Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; , ,
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA; , ,
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23
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Lorenz M, Wagner R, Jesse S, Marsh JM, Mamak M, Proksch R, Ovchinnikova OS. Nanoscale Mass Spectrometry Multimodal Imaging via Tip-Enhanced Photothermal Desorption. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16791-16802. [PMID: 33232114 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials ranging from adhesives, pharmaceuticals, lubricants, and personal care products are traditionally studied using macroscopic characterization techniques. However, their functionality is in reality defined by details of chemical organization on often noncrystalline matter with characteristic length scales on the order of microns to nanometers. Additionally, these materials are traditionally difficult to analyze using standard vacuum-based approaches that provide nanoscale chemical characterization due to their volatile and beam-sensitive nature. Therefore, approaches that operate under ambient conditions need to be developed that allow probing of nanoscale chemical phenomena and correlated functionality. Here, we demonstrate a tool for probing and visualizing local chemical environments and correlating them to material structure and functionality using advanced multimodal chemical imaging on a combined atomic force microscopy (AFM) and mass spectrometry (MS) system using tip-enhanced photothermal desorption with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI). We demonstrate enhanced performance metrics of the technique for correlated imaging and point sampling and illustrate the applicability for the analysis of trace chemicals on a human hair, additives in adhesives on paper, and pharmaceuticals samples notoriously difficult to analyze in a vacuum environment. Overall, this approach of correlating local chemical environments to structure and functionality is key to advancing research in many fields ranging from biology, to medicine, to material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Lorenz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ryan Wagner
- Asylum Research an Oxford Instruments Company, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| | - Stephen Jesse
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Marc Mamak
- Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, United States
| | - Roger Proksch
- Asylum Research an Oxford Instruments Company, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| | - Olga S Ovchinnikova
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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24
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Sarih NM, Romero-Perez D, Bastani B, Rauytanapanit M, Boisdon C, Praneenararat T, Tajuddin HA, Abdullah Z, Badu-Tawiah AK, Maher S. Accelerated nucleophilic substitution reactions of dansyl chloride with aniline under ambient conditions via dual-tip reactive paper spray. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21504. [PMID: 33299034 PMCID: PMC7725966 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper spray ionization (PSI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an emerging tool for ambient reaction monitoring via microdroplet reaction acceleration. PSI-MS was used to accelerate and monitor the time course of the reaction of dansyl chloride with aniline, in acetonitrile, to produce dansyl aniline. Three distinct PSI arrangements were explored in this study representing alternative approaches for sample loading and interaction; conventional single tip as well as two novel setups, a dual-tip and a co-axial arrangement were designed so as to limit any on-paper interaction between reagents. The effect on product abundance was investigated using these different paper configurations as it relates to the time course and distance of microdroplet travel. It was observed that product yield increases at a given distance and then decreases thereafter for all PSI configurations. The fluorescent property of the product (dansyl aniline) was used to visually inspect the reaction progress on the paper substrate during the spraying process. Amongst the variety of sample loading methods the novel dual-tip arrangement showed an increased product yield and microdroplet density, whilst avoiding any on-paper interaction between the reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norfatirah Muhamad Sarih
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David Romero-Perez
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Behnam Bastani
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Monrawat Rauytanapanit
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Cedric Boisdon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Thanit Praneenararat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Hairul Anuar Tajuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zanariah Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Simon Maher
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK.
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Liu C, Wang Q, Hivick BE, Ai Y, Champagne PA, Pan Y, Chen H. Capture of Electrochemically Generated Fleeting Carbazole Radical Cations and Elucidation of Carbazole Dimerization Mechanism by Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15291-15296. [PMID: 33084312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The capture of reactive intermediates is important for the elucidation of reaction mechanisms. We report the first observation of electrochemically generated, short-lived radical cations of carbazole (t1/2 ≈ 97 μs) and two N-substituted carbazole derivatives by mass spectrometry. In addition, online investigation of the reactivity of electrochemically generated carbazole radical cations supports that the carbazole dimerization mechanism involves the reaction of one radical cation with one neutral molecule rather than the previously proposed coupling of two radical cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States.,National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Brian E Hivick
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Yongling Ai
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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26
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Wang Z, Cao Y, Lu Y, Zhang F, Su Y, Guo Y. Ultrasonic extraction and nebulization in real-time coupled with carbon fiber ionization mass spectrometry for rapid screening of the synthetic drugs adulterated into herbal products. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1136:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zemaitis KJ, Wood TD. Integration of 3D-printing for a desorption electrospray ionization source for mass spectrometry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:104102. [PMID: 33138599 PMCID: PMC7538165 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The field of ambient ionization mass spectrometry has witnessed the development of many novel and capable methods for the analysis and imaging of surfaces, with desorption electrospray ionization being a prominent technique that has been commercialized. The adaptation of this technique to existing mass spectrometry platforms requires a laboratory-built solution manufactured with the capability of fine, stable adjustments of the electrospray emitter for liquid or solid sampling purposes. The development, fabrication, and machining require tens of hours of labor for many custom solutions. Herein described is a highly modifiable alternative approach for the fabrication of a desorption electrospray ionization source, using computer-aided design and fused deposition modeling to three-dimensionally print a source platform that utilizes standard accessories of a commercial Bruker Daltonics mass spectrometer. Three-dimensional printing allows for the inexpensive, rapid development of highly modifiable plastic parts, with the total printing time of the apparatus requiring a singular day and only a few dollars of material using a consumer grade printer. To demonstrate the utility of this printed desorption electrospray ionization source, it was fitted on an unmodified Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer for a lipid fingerprint analysis in serial sections of rat brain tissue, with the acquisition of line scans of dye-coated slides for the demonstration of serial acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Troy D. Wood
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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29
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Desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1130:146-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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A microfluidic platform integrating paper adsorption-based sample clean-up and voltage-assisted liquid desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for biological sample analysis. Talanta 2020; 217:121106. [PMID: 32498849 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinical application of direct sampling electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) remains limited due to problems associated with very "dirty" sample matrices. Herein we report on a microfluidic platform that allows direct mass spectrometric analysis of serum samples of microliter sizes. The platform integrates in-line paper adsorption-based sample clean-up and voltage assisted liquid desorption ESI-MS/MS (VAL DESI-MS/MS) to detect multiple targeted compounds of clinical interest. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were selected as model analytes. Simultaneous quantification of these compounds in human serum samples was demonstrated. For all the three compounds, linear calibration curves were obtained in a concentration range from 0.20 to 20.0 μmol/L with r2 values ≥ 0.996. Limits of detection were 0.019, 0.015, and 0.011 μmol/L for AMP, ADP, and ATP, respectively. Recovery was found in the range from 96.5% to 103.5% at spiking concentrations of 0.25 and 2.50 μmol/L. The results indicate that the proposed microfluidic mass spectrometric platform is robust and effective. It may have a potential in clinical analysis.
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31
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Rapid and high-throughput screening of multi-residue pharmaceutical drugs in bovine tissue using solid phase microextraction and direct analysis in real time-tandem mass spectrometry (SPME-DART-MS/MS). Talanta 2020; 217:121095. [PMID: 32498882 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) has become a popular research area in food safety monitoring due to its unique characteristics that allow rapid and high-throughput screening of complex matrices with minimal sample preparation. The current research aimed to investigate the detection and quantitation capabilities of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and DART coupled to tandem mass spectrometry MS/MS for a large number of pharmaceutical drugs covering a wide range of physico-chemical properties (log P, -1.22-5.97) in complex animal-food matrices such as beef tissue. 53% of the 98 target analytes selected initially could be efficiently ionized by DART and quantified at or below the Canadian maximum residue limits (MRLs) and US regulatory tolerances in bovine muscle. Despite using only two internal standards for correction, promising results were obtained for these analytes, where 62% of the detected analytes achieved linear correlation coefficients >0.99 within the evaluated range of concentrations (0.25-3X, where X corresponds to the MRL for each target analyte). In addition, more than 92% of the detected analytes achieved average accuracies within the 70-120% range of their true concentrations and intraday repeatability RSDs ≤25% at the 0.5X, 1X, and 2X concentration levels. The fully automated sample preparation workflow allowed for total extraction and analysis times as short as 1 min time per sample. While DART has limited capabilities in terms of analyte coverage, this research highlights the potential usefulness of SPME-DART-MS/MS as a method for rapid analysis in food safety monitoring applications.
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Maser TL, Honarvar E, Venter AR. Delayed Desorption Improves Protein Analysis by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:803-811. [PMID: 32157888 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein analysis by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is limited and often accompanied by a mass-dependent loss in sensitivity as protein molecular weight increases. Previously, incomplete dissolution was identified as a potential contributing factor to this limitation for larger proteins. Here, we developed a unique two-step configuration in which a prewetting solvent is applied to the sample surface proximal to DESI analysis by a wetting quill to increase dissolution time and the detection of larger proteins. After optimizing the system with a mixture of proteins containing cytochrome c, myoglobin, and chymotripsinogen, we demonstrate the ability of delayed desorption to improve the analysis of larger proteins such as bovine serum albumin. Albumin and other serum proteins, including even larger ones, were also detected directly from diluted goat serum. An additional feature of this technique is the ability to deliver multiple solvents with potential synergistic or cooperative effects. For example, when using acetonitrile solutions of formic acid and ammonium bicarbonate as the prewetting and DESI spray solvent, respectively, the intensity of chymotrypsinogen improved dramatically compared to controls but less so for smaller proteins such as myoglobin and cytochrome c. Adduct removal was also observed for all proteins. These early results demonstrate the ability of this two-step technique for the use of multiple additives and increased dissolution times compared to standard DESI-MS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Maser
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5413, United States
| | - Elahe Honarvar
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5413, United States
| | - Andre R Venter
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5413, United States
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Fu X, Qin Y, Xia B, Wang Y, Shi P, Zhou Y. High-sensitivity detection of therapeutic drugs in complex biofluids using a packed ballpoint-electrospray ionization technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:2711-2720. [PMID: 32140733 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive C18 packed ballpoint-electrospray ionization (PBP-ESI) technique was developed for biofluid analysis. In this technique, the configuration of a commercial ballpoint consisting of a hollow chamber, an intermediate socket, and a metal ball was fully exploited. The rear-end hollow chamber was used for loading C18 adsorbent and sample, and the front metal ball served as a spray emitter for online ionization. The good electrical conductivity of the metal body allowed high voltage to be conveniently applied to the ballpoint without inserting the electrode into the solution for electrical connection. Urine sample was directly analyzed with the C18 packed ballpoint; plasma and whole blood samples were premixed with C18 adsorbent before being packed into the ballpoint for detection. As a result of the sample cleanup by C18 adsorbent, the salt matrix in the urine sample as well as the phospholipid and protein matrices in plasma and whole blood samples was significantly reduced. The lower limits of quantitation (LLOQs) for urine, plasma, and whole blood samples reached the subnanogram-per-milliliter level. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 93 South Keyuan Road, Gaoxin Distinct, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongping Qin
- GCP Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bing Xia
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 93 South Keyuan Road, Gaoxin Distinct, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 93 South Keyuan Road, Gaoxin Distinct, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peiyu Shi
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 93 South Keyuan Road, Gaoxin Distinct, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 93 South Keyuan Road, Gaoxin Distinct, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Hu H, Smith S, Li X, Qian Z, Su Y, Lin M, Tu J, Liu YM. Fast quantification of free amino acids in food by microfluidic voltage-assisted liquid desorption electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1947-1954. [PMID: 32020315 PMCID: PMC8717839 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02450-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A method based on microfluidic voltage-assisted liquid desorption electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (VAL-DESI-MS/MS) has been developed for fast quantification of free amino acids in food. Food extracts were transferred to the microfluidic platform and analyzed by liquid desorption ESI-MS/MS. Deuterated aspartic acid (i.e., 2,2,3-d3-Asp) was used as internal standard for analysis. The method had linear calibration curves with r2 values > 0.998. Limits of detection were at the level of sub μM for the amino acids tested, i.e., glutamic acid (Glu), arginine (Arg), tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp), and phenylalanine (Phe). To validate the proposed method in food analysis, extracts of Cordyceps fungi were analyzed. Amino acid contents were found in the range from 0.63 mg/g (Tyr in Cordyceps sinensis) to 4.44 mg/g (Glu in Cordyceps militaris). Assay repeatability (RSD) was ≤ 5.2% for all the five amino acids measured in all the samples analyzed. Recovery was found in the range from 95.8 to 105.1% at two spiking concentrations of 0.250 mg/g and 1.00 mg/g. These results prove that the proposed microfluidic VAL-DESI-MS/MS method offers a quick and convenient means of quantifying free amino acids with accuracy and repeatability. Therefore, it may have potential in food analysis for nutritional and quality assessment purposes. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankun Hu
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Rd, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Shila Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA
| | - Xiangtang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA
| | - Zhengming Qian
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd, Dongguan, 523850, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaxia Su
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Rd, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Manting Lin
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Rd, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Rd, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA.
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Fatigante WL, Mukta S, Lawton ZE, Bruno AM, Traub A, Gasa AJ, Stelmack AR, Wilson-Frank CR, Mulligan CC. Filter Cone Spray Ionization Coupled to a Portable MS System: Application to On-Site Forensic Evidence and Environmental Sample Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:336-346. [PMID: 32031391 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of field-borne sample matrices and the instrumental constraints of portable mass spectrometers (MS) often necessitate that preparative steps are added prior to ambient MS methods when operated on-site, but the corresponding decrease in throughput and experimental simplicity can make field operation impractical. To this end, we report a modified ambient MS method, filter cone spray ionization (FCSI), specifically designed for simple, yet robust, processing of bulk forensic evidence and environmental samples using a fieldable MS system. This paper-crafted source utilizes low-cost laboratory consumables to produce a conical structure that serves as a disposable, spray-based ionization source. Integrated extraction and filtration capabilities mitigate sample heterogeneity and carryover concerns and expedite sample processing, as characterized through the analysis of a variety of authentic forensic evidence types (e.g., abused pharma tablets, counterfeit/adulterated tablets, crystal-based drugs, synthetic marijuana, toxicological specimens) and contaminated soil samples. The data presented herein suggests that the FCSI-MS design could prove robust to the rigors of field-borne, bulk sample screening, overcoming the inefficiencies of other ambient MS methods for these sample classes. Novel applications of FCSI-MS are also examined, such as the coupling to trace evidence vacuum filtration media.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Fatigante
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Shahnaz Mukta
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Zachary E Lawton
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Alessandra M Bruno
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Angelica Traub
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Alyssa J Gasa
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Ashley R Stelmack
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Christina R Wilson-Frank
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Christopher C Mulligan
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
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36
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Li Y, Cao Y, Guo Y. Recent Advances in Atmospheric Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Developments and Applications. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in ShanghaiShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yuqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in ShanghaiShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, National Center for Organic Mass Spectrometry in ShanghaiShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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37
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Kazimi SGT, Iqbal MS, Mulligan CC, Frank Shaw C, Iram F, Stelmack AR, Campbell IS. Ligand Exchange/Scrambling Study of Gold(I)-Phosphine Complexes in the Solid Phase by DESI-MS Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:2289-2296. [PMID: 31502222 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Only a few analytical techniques are available for the characterization of mechanochemical synthetic reaction products. We demonstrate here that DESI-MS is a powerful technique for this purpose, combining the selectivity of MS-based assays with the simplicity and in situ analysis capability of ambient ionization methods. In this work, we report that auranofin, a gold-based drug, and its precursor triethylphosphine gold(I) chloride undergo a complex array of ligand exchange/scrambling reactions with thiol-containing amino acids in the solid state. The products were readily characterized by DESI-MS analysis from the solid-phase reaction, clearly exhibiting ligand exchange and scrambling, with independent confirmation by solid state 13C-NMR. The thioglucose and triethylphosphine moieties exchanged with cysteine and its derivatives, whereas the glutathione replaced 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-β-1-D-glucopyranose only. It was concluded that ligand exchange and scrambling reactions can be carried out in the solid state, and some of the unique products reported in this study can be conveniently prepared through mechanochemical synthesis in good yields (> 98%), as demonstrated by synthesis of (L-cysteinato-S)-triethylphosphine gold(I) from triethylphosphine gold(I) chloride and L-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed G T Kazimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad S Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
| | | | - C Frank Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790-4160, USA
| | - Fozia Iram
- Department of Chemistry, LCW University, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Ashley R Stelmack
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790-4160, USA
| | - Ian S Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, 33965-6565, USA
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38
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Applications of MicroArrays for Mass Spectrometry (MAMS) in Single-Cell Metabolomics. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 31565767 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9831-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The metabolic network is the endpoint in the flow of information that begins with the "gene" and ends with "phenotype" (observable function) of the cell. Previously, due to the variety of metabolites analyzed inside cells, the metabolomic measurements were performed with samples including multiple cells. Unfortunately, this sampling process may mask important metabolic phenomena, such as cell-to-cell heterogeneity. For these studies, we must use analytical techniques that can robustly deliver reproducible results with single-cell sensitivity. In this chapter, we summarize laser-based methods for single-cell analysis and a novel approach of MicroArrays for Mass Spectrometry (or MAMS) is described in full detail. This particular type of microarrays was tailored for the study of cells grown in liquid medium using multiple-analytical read-outs, such as optical and laser desorption/ionization (LDI) or MALDI mass spectrometry.
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Vasiljevic T, Gómez-Ríos GA, Li F, Liang P, Pawliszyn J. High-throughput quantification of drugs of abuse in biofluids via 96-solid-phase microextraction-transmission mode and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:1423-1433. [PMID: 31063263 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The workload of clinical laboratories has been steadily increasing over the last few years. High-throughput (HT) sample processing allows scientists to spend more time undertaking matters of critical thinking rather than laborious sample processing. Herein we introduce a HT 96-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) transmission mode (TM) system coupled to direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry (MS). METHODS Model compounds (opioids) were extracted from urine and plasma samples using a 96-SPME-TM device. A standard voltage and pressure (SVP) DART source was used for all experiments. Examination of SPME-TM performance was done using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in full scan mode (100-500 m/z), whereas quantitation of opioids was performed using triple quadrupole MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode and by using a matrix-matched internal standard correction method. RESULTS Thirteen points (0.5 to 200 ng mL-1 ) were used to establish a calibration curve. Low limits of quantitation (LOQ) were obtained (0.5 to 25 ng mL-1 ) for matrices used. Acceptable accuracy (71.4-129.4%) and repeatability (1.1-24%) were obtained for validation levels tested (0.5, 30 and 90 ng mL-1 ). In less than 1.5 hours, 96 samples were extracted, desorbed and processed using the 96-SPME-TM system coupled to DART-MS. CONCLUSIONS A rapid HT method for detection of opioids in urine and plasma samples was developed. This study demonstrated that ambient ionization mass spectrometry coupled to robust sample preparation methods such as SPME-TM can rapidly and efficiently screen/quantify target analytes in a HT context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Vasiljevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Germán Augusto Gómez-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Restek Corporation, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, 16823, USA
| | - Frederick Li
- Ionsense, Inc., Saugus, Massachusetts, 01906, USA
| | - Paul Liang
- Ionsense, Inc., Saugus, Massachusetts, 01906, USA
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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40
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Capturing hemoglobin on graphene sheet from sub-microliter whole blood for quantitative characterization by internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Talanta 2019; 202:436-442. [PMID: 31171205 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A disposable blood sampler, which is consisted of a sub-microliter whole blood collector and a graphene filter, loading graphene sheet to selectively capture hemoglobin from sub-microliter whole blood, was developed for both qualitative and quantitative characterization hemoglobin by internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS). The blood collector was elegantly fabricated in syringe-like fashion for precisely sampling tiny amounts (1.0 μL - 2%) of whole blood, which was immediately diluted by water inside the syringe and was then pressed through the graphene filter placed between the waste outlet and the syringe reservoir to capture the hemoglobin in the blood sample. Then the graphene with hemoglobin was directly eluted by a charged (+2.5 kV) solution (mathanol/water/formic acid, 48/48/4, v/v/v) to produce the hemoglobin ions for mass spectrometric analysis. Low detection-of-limit (19.3 mg L-1 (89.5 picomol)), acceptable linear response range (300-1500 mg L-1, R2 = 0.998), relative standard deviation (0.5-6.5%, n = 3), low sample consumption (≤1.0 μL) and a relatively high speed (≤4 min per sample, including the sample loading) were achieved, demonstrating that the graphene based iEESI-MS was an alternative choice for direct detection of hemoglobin in whole blood with minimal sample consumption.
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41
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Nguyen SN, Kyle JE, Dautel SE, Sontag R, Luders T, Corley R, Ansong C, Carson J, Laskin J. Lipid Coverage in Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Mouse Lung Tissues. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11629-11635. [PMID: 31412198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are a naturally occurring group of molecules that not only contribute to the structural integrity of the lung preventing alveolar collapse but also play important roles in the anti-inflammatory responses and antiviral protection. Alteration in the type and spatial localization of lipids in the lung plays a crucial role in various diseases, such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants and oxidative stress-influenced diseases, such as pneumonia, emphysema, and lung cancer following exposure to environmental stressors. The ability to accurately measure spatial distributions of lipids and metabolites in lung tissues provides important molecular insights related to lung function, development, and disease states. Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) and other ambient ionization mass spectrometry techniques enable label-free imaging of complex samples in their native state with minimal to absolutely no sample preparation. However, lipid coverage obtained in nano-DESI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) experiments has not been previously characterized. In this work, the depth of lipid coverage in nano-DESI MSI of mouse lung tissues was compared to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) lipidomics analysis of tissue extracts prepared using two different procedures: standard Folch extraction method of the whole lung samples and extraction into a 90% methanol/10% water mixture used in nano-DESI MSI experiments. A combination of positive and negative ionization mode nano-DESI MSI identified 265 unique lipids across 20 lipids subclasses and 19 metabolites (284 in total) in mouse lung tissues. Except for triacylglycerols (TG) species, nano-DESI MSI provided comparable coverage to LC-MS/MS experiments performed using methanol/water tissue extracts and up to 50% coverage in comparison with the Folch extraction-based whole lung lipidomics analysis. These results demonstrate the utility of nano-DESI MSI for comprehensive spatially resolved analysis of lipids in tissue sections. A combination of nano-DESI MSI and LC-MS/MS lipidomics is particularly useful for exploring changes in lipid distributions during lung development, as well as resulting from disease or exposure to environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son N Nguyen
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States.,Faculty of Chemistry , VNU-University of Science , Hanoi 10000 , Vietnam
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Sydney E Dautel
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Ryan Sontag
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Teresa Luders
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Richard Corley
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - James Carson
- Texas Advanced Computing Center , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78758 , United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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42
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Lendor S, Gómez-Ríos GA, Boyacı E, Vander Heide H, Pawliszyn J. Space-Resolved Tissue Analysis by Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry via Desorption Electrospray Ionization. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10141-10148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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43
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Li Z, Wang Y, Cheng Y. Mass Spectrometry-Sensitive Probes Coupled with Direct Analysis in Real Time for Simultaneous Sensing of Chemical and Biological Properties of Botanical Drugs. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9001-9009. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Rare Medicinal Plants, Wuyi 321200, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiyu Cheng
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
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44
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Gyr L, Klute FD, Franzke J, Zenobi R. Characterization of a Nitrogen-Based Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Source for Mass Spectrometry Reveals Factors Important for Soft Ionization. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6865-6871. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Gyr
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix D. Klute
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften − ISAS − e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Franzke
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften − ISAS − e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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45
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Feider CL, Krieger A, DeHoog RJ, Eberlin LS. Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Recent Developments and Applications. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4266-4290. [PMID: 30790515 PMCID: PMC7444024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara L. Feider
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Anna Krieger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Rachel J. DeHoog
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Livia S. Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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46
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Su R, Yu W, Sun K, Yang J, Chen C, Lian W, Liu S, Yang H. The Ion Source of Nitrogen Direct Analysis in Real-Time Mass Spectrometry as a Highly Efficient Reactor: Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:581-587. [PMID: 30784004 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An innovative strategy for sustainably active oxygen capture using nitrogen (N2) instead of helium (He) as direct analysis in real-time (DART) gas is demonstrated in this work. DART MS was carried out to analyze different polarity compounds including organophosphorus pesticides, amino acids, hormones, and poly brominated diphenyl ethers by using He and N2 as DART gas, respectively. The unexpectedly characteristic ionization reactions, including replacement reaction where the sulfur atom of P=S group, were replaced by oxygen atom, oxidation ([M + nO + H]+ or [M + nO-H]- (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)), and hydrogen loss (loss of two hydrogens) rapidly occurred in situ in the presence of N2 under ambient conditions without any additives. The reaction mechanisms were proposed and further confirmed by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Our study under high temperature and high voltage provides a powerful tool for generating unique ionic species that may be difficult to form by other means, which also creates favorable conditions for the future study of the mechanism of DART MS. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Kaiju Sun
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Changbao Chen
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Wenhui Lian
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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47
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Tascon M, Singh V, Huq M, Pawliszyn J. Direct Coupling of Dispersive Extractions with Magnetic Particles to Mass Spectrometry via Microfluidic Open Interface. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4762-4770. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Tascon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Varoon Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Huq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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48
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He J, Zhang H, Yu K, Qiao L, Li N, Zhang X, Zhang D, Zou M, Jiang J. Rapid and direct mass spectrometric analysis of antibiotics in seawater samples. Analyst 2019; 144:1898-1903. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02119h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The SD-DSI is a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of antibiotics in seawater samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
| | - Lina Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
| | - Mingqiang Zou
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine (CAIQ)
- Beijing 100123
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Weihai
- P. R. China
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49
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Honarvar E, Venter AR. Comparing the Effects of Additives on Protein Analysis Between Desorption Electrospray (DESI) and Electrospray Ionization (ESI). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:2443-2455. [PMID: 30232734 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It is frequently said that DESI-MS follows a similar ionization mechanism as ESI because of similarities usually observed in their respective mass spectra. However, practical use of DESI-MS for protein analysis is limited to proteins with lower molecular weights (< 25 kDa) due to a mass-dependent loss in signal intensity. Here we investigated commonly used volatile acids and their ammonium salt buffers for DESI-MS analysis of protein. We noticed that, surprisingly, some additives influence the analysis differently in DESI compared to ESI. Improved signal intensities with both DESI and ESI were obtained when acetic and formic acid were added into aqueous methanol spray solvents with both DESI and ESI. On the other hand, while with ESI the addition of ammonium salts into spray solutions strongly reduced both signal and S/N, with DESI signal intensities and S/N were improved dramatically. Ammonium bicarbonate when used with DESI reduced the total amount of adduction and delivered excellent signal-to-noise ratios with high intensity; however, it also denatures protein. When native state protein mass spectra are preferred, ammonium acetate would also deliver reasonable adduct removal and improved S/N. The amount of total adduction of individual adducting species and of all species could not be correlated with differences in either solutions pH values or with proton affinities of the anions. An obvious difference between DESI and ESI mass spectrometry is the effects of protein solubility during droplet pickup (desorption), but differences in the sizes, velocities, and composition of ionizing droplets were also discussed as important factors. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Honarvar
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008-5413, USA
| | - Andre R Venter
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008-5413, USA.
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50
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Lu H, Zhang H, Chingin K, Xiong J, Fang X, Chen H. Ambient mass spectrometry for food science and industry. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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