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Jose C, Singh A, Kalkura KN, Jose GV, Srivastava S, Ammini RK, Yadav S, Ravikrishna R, Andreae MO, Martin ST, Liu P, Gunthe SS. Complex Hygroscopic Behavior of Ambient Aerosol Particles Revealed by a Piezoelectric Technique. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:983-991. [PMID: 38774361 PMCID: PMC11103707 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the complex interactions between atmospheric aerosols and water vapor in subsaturated regions of the atmosphere is crucial for modeling and predicting aerosol-cloud-radiation-climate interactions. However, the microphysical mechanisms of these interactions for ambient aerosols remain poorly understood. For this study, size-resolved samples were collected from a high-altitude, relatively clean site situated in the Western Ghats of India during the monsoon season, in order to study background and preindustrial processes as a baseline for climate functioning within the context of the most polluted region of the world. Measurements of humidity-dependent mass-based growth factors, hygroscopicity, deliquescence behavior, and aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) were made by a novel approach using a quartz crystal microbalance based on a piezo-electric sensor. The climate-relevant fine-mode aerosols (≤2.5 μm) exhibited strong size-dependent variations in their interactions with water vapor and contributed a high fraction of ALWC. Deliquescence occurred for relatively large aerosols (diameter >180 nm) but was absent for smaller aerosols. The deliquescence relative humidity for ambient aerosols was significantly lower than that of pure inorganic salts, suggesting a strong influence of organic species. Our study establishes an improved approach for accurately measuring aerosol water uptake characteristics of ambient aerosols in the subsaturated regime, aiding in the assessment of radiative forcing effects and improving climate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christi Jose
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Aishwarya Singh
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kavyashree N. Kalkura
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - George V. Jose
- Dept
of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shailina Srivastava
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | | | - Shweta Yadav
- Dept
of Environmental Sciences, Central University
of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, Samba 181143, India
| | - Raghunathan Ravikrishna
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Dept of Chemical
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Meinrat O. Andreae
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Geology and Geophysics, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Scot T. Martin
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School
of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sachin S. Gunthe
- Environemntal
Engineering Division, Dept of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Centre
for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian
Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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2
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Chatre C, Ehret E, Ondarçuhu T, Steyer P, Masenelli-Varlot K, Cadete Santos Aires FJ, Nozière B. Influence of Surface-Active Substances and Substrates on the Wettability of Individual Aerosol Particles during Condensation by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2957-2965. [PMID: 36795487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The formation of liquid cloud droplets from aerosol particles in the Earth atmosphere is still under debate particularly because of the difficulties to quantify the importance of bulk and surface effects in these processes. Recently, single-particle techniques have been developed to access experimental key parameters at the scale of individual particles. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) has the advantage to provide in situ monitoring of the water uptake of individual microscopic particles deposited on solid substrates. In this work, ESEM was used to compare droplet growth on pure ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 and mixed sodium dodecyl sulfate/ammonium sulfate (SDS/(NH4)2SO4) particles and to explore the role of experimental parameters, such as the hydrophobic-hydrophilic character of the substrate, on this growth. With hydrophilic substrates, the growth on pure salt particles was strongly anisotropic, but this anisotropy was suppressed by the presence of SDS. With hydrophobic substrates, it is the wetting behavior of the liquid droplet that is impacted by the presence of SDS. The wetting behavior of the pure (NH4)2SO4 solution on a hydrophobic surface shows a step-by-step mechanism that can be attributed to successive pinning-depinning phenomena at the triple-phase line frontier. Unlike the pure (NH4)2SO4 solution, the mixed SDS/(NH4)2SO4 solution did not show such a mechanism. Therefore, the hydrophobic-hydrophilic character of the substrate plays an important role in the stability and dynamics of the liquid droplets' nucleation by water vapor condensation. In particular, hydrophilic substrates are not suited for the investigation of the hygroscopic properties (deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) and hygroscopic growth factor (GF)) of particles. Using hydrophobic substrates, data show that the DRH of (NH4)2SO4 particles is measured within 3% accuracy on the RH and their GF could indicate a size-dependent effect in the micrometer range. The presence of SDS does not seem to modify the DRH and GF of (NH4)2SO4 particles. This study shows that the water uptake on deposited particles is a complex process but, once carefully taken into account, ESEM is a suitable technique to study them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chatre
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON UMR 5256, 69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eric Ehret
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON UMR 5256, 69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Philippe Steyer
- Univ. Lyon, INSA de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karine Masenelli-Varlot
- Univ. Lyon, INSA de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francisco José Cadete Santos Aires
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON UMR 5256, 69626 Villeurbanne, France
- National Research Tomsk State University, LCR, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Barbara Nozière
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Estefany C, Sun Z, Hong Z, Du J. Raman spectroscopy for profiling physical and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosol particles: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114405. [PMID: 36508807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atmosphere aerosols have significant impact on human health and the environment. Aerosol particles have a number of characteristics that influence their health and environmental effects, including their size, shape, and chemical composition. A great deal of difficulty is associated with quantifying and identifying atmospheric aerosols because these parameters are highly variable on a spatial and temporal scale. An important component of understanding aerosol fate is Raman Spectroscopy (RS), which is capable of resolving chemical compositions of individual particles. This review presented strategic techniques, especially RS methods for characterizing atmospheric aerosols. The nature and properties of atmospheric aerosols and their influence on environment and human health were briefly described. Analytical methodologies that offer insight into the chemistry and multidimensional properties of aerosols were discussed. In addition, perspectives for practical applications of atmospheric aerosols using RS are featured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedeño Estefany
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhenli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zijin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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4
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Peng C, Chen L, Tang M. A database for deliquescence and efflorescence relative humidities of compounds with atmospheric relevance. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:578-587. [PMID: 38934008 PMCID: PMC11197750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) and efflorescence relative humidity (ERH), the two parameters that regulate phase state and hygroscopicity of substances, play important roles in atmospheric science and many other fields. A large number of experimental studies have measured the DRH and ERH values of compounds with atmospheric relevance, but these values have not yet been summarized in a comprehensive manner. In this work, we develop for the first-of-its-kind a comprehensive database which compiles the DRH and ERH values of 110 compounds (68 inorganics and 42 organics) measured in previous studies, provide the preferred DRH and ERH values at 298 K for these compounds, and discuss the effects of a few key factors (e.g., temperature and particle size) on the measured DRH and ERH values. In addition, we outline future work that will broaden the scope of this database and enhance its accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lanxiadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingjin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Or VW, Alves MR, Wade M, Schwab S, Corsi RL, Grassian VH. Nanoscopic Study of Water Uptake on Glass Surfaces with Organic Thin Films and Particles from Exposure to Indoor Cooking Activities: Comparison to Model Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1594-1604. [PMID: 35061386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water uptake by thin organic films and organic particles on glass substrates at 80% relative humidity was investigated using atomic force microscopy-infrared (AFM-IR) spectroscopy. Glass surfaces exposed to kitchen cooking activities show a wide variability of coverages from organic particles and organic thin films. Water uptake, as measured by changes in the volume of the films and particles, was also quite variable. A comparison of glass surfaces exposed to kitchen activities to model systems shows that they can be largely represented by oxidized oleic acid and carboxylate groups on long and medium hydrocarbon chains (i.e., fatty acids). Overall, we demonstrate that organic particles and thin films that cover glass surfaces can take up water under indoor-relevant conditions but that the water content is not uniform. The spatial heterogeneity of the changes in these aged glass surfaces under dry (5%) and wet (80%) conditions is quite marked, highlighting the need for studies at the nano- and microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor W Or
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Michael R Alves
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Michael Wade
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sarah Schwab
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Richard L Corsi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- College of Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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6
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Ma S, Pang S, Li J, Zhang Y. A review of efflorescence kinetics studies on atmospherically relevant particles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130320. [PMID: 33773310 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The efflorescence transitions of aerosol particles have been intensively investigated due to their critical impacts on global climate and atmospheric chemistry. In the present study, we present a critical review of efflorescence kinetics focusing on three key issues: the efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) and the influence factors for aerosol ERH (e.g. particle sizes, and temperature); efflorescence processes of mixed aerosols, concerning the effect of coexisting inorganic and organic components on the efflorescence of inorganic salts; homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation rates of pure and mixed aerosols. Among the previous studies, there are significant discrepancies for measured aerosol ERH under even the same conditions. Moreover, the interactions between organic and inorganic components remain largely unclear, causing efflorescence transition behaviours and chemical composition evolutions of certain mixed systems to be debatable. Thus, it is important to better understand efflorescence to gain insights into the physicochemical properties and characterize observed efflorescence characteristics of atmospheric particles, as well as guide further studies on aerosol hygroscopicity and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Ma
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Li X, Wu L, Lee JS, Ro CU. Hygroscopic behavior and chemical reactivity of aerosols generated from mixture solutions of low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids and NaCl. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11052-11064. [PMID: 33942838 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ambient sea spray aerosols (SSAs) have been reported to undergo reactions with low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids (LMW DCAs). In the present study, the hygroscopic behavior of aerosols generated from NaCl-LMW DCA mixture solutions with different mixing ratios was explained. In situ Raman microspectrometry (RMS) was used to simultaneously monitor the alterations in chemical composition, size, and phase as a function of the relative humidity (RH) for individual aerosols. The observation of individual mixture aerosols revealed chemical reactions on the timescale of one hour in the aqueous phase, mostly during the dehydration process, leading to the formation of sodium salts of DCAs with distinct reactivities among different DCAs and mixing ratios, which in turn exhibited diverse hygroscopic behaviors. The NaCl-DCA mixture aerosols were either in a ternary NaCl-DCA-DCA sodium salt system or a binary NaCl-DCA sodium salt or DCA-DCA sodium salt system, instead of a binary NaCl-DCA system when experiencing the hygroscopic process. The chemical compositional evolution of the NaCl-DCA aerosols during the hygroscopic measurements was examined based on the Raman spectra acquired for aqueous, amorphous, and/or crystalline pure standard aerosols at specific RHs. The different reactivity observed among the DCAs with different mixing ratios suggests that the reactivity driven by the irreversible liberation of HCl is governed mainly by the available aqueous H+ because Cl- is always available in the aqueous NaCl-DCA aerosols until the complete consumption of NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
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8
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Ma S, Yang M, Pang S, Zhang Y. Hygroscopic Growth and Phase Transitions of Na 2CO 3 and Mixed Na 2CO 3/Li 2CO 3 Particles: Influence of Li 2CO 3 on Phase Transitions of Na 2CO 3 and Formation of LiNaCO 3. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10870-10878. [PMID: 33320676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hygroscopic behaviors and phase changes of inorganic aerosols have been widely explored, but little is known on the hygroscopicity of soluble carbonates. The hydrated states of solid Na2CO3 particles in an air environment remain largely unclear. In this work, the hygroscopic growth, hydrated form transformations, and influence of internal Li2CO3 on phase transitions of Na2CO3 particles are investigated in linear and pulsed relative humidity (RH) changing modes by the vacuum Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique. For pure Na2CO3, aqueous droplets effloresced to a mixture of anhydrous Na2CO3 and Na2CO3·H2O with the initial efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) of 50.8%, probably concerning the formation of Na2CO3·10H2O in the conversion from aqueous to anhydrous Na2CO3. A reverse process is presented during the three-stage deliquescence transition beginning at ∼60.1% RH; i.e., anhydrous Na2CO3 transforms into aqueous Na2CO3 and Na2CO3·10H2O in stage I, Na2CO3·10H2O dissolves to aqueous Na2CO3 in stage II, and Na2CO3·H2O dissolves into aqueous Na2CO3 in stage III. For internally mixed Na2CO3/Li2CO3 particles, a double salt, LiNaCO3, is found in mixed crystalline phases for the first time, leading to the eutonic composition with Na2CO3. The experimental observations point to the excess of LiNaCO3 and complete consumption of Na2CO3 in eutonic composition formation, which results in the absence of Na2CO3 hydrates during phase transitions. The results provide key data for model simulations of hygroscopic properties and phase transitions of Na2CO3 as well as mixed soluble carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Ma
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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9
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Xie Z, Kuai Y, Liu J, Gui H, Zhang J, Dai H, Xiao H, Chen DR, Zhang D. In Situ Quantitative Observation of Hygroscopic Growth of Single Nanoparticle Aerosol by Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11062-11071. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Xie
- Innovation Excellence Center for Urban Atmospheric Environment of CAS, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Kuai
- Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province and Institute of Photonics, Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Innovation Excellence Center for Urban Atmospheric Environment of CAS, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- College of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Huaqiao Gui
- Innovation Excellence Center for Urban Atmospheric Environment of CAS, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiaoshi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Haosheng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Innovation Excellence Center for Urban Atmospheric Environment of CAS, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Da-Ren Chen
- Particle Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Douguo Zhang
- Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province and Institute of Photonics, Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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10
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Unger I, Saak CM, Salter M, Zieger P, Patanen M, Björneholm O. Influence of Organic Acids on the Surface Composition of Sea Spray Aerosol. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:422-429. [PMID: 31833771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on sea spray aerosol indicate an enrichment of Ca2+ in small particles, which are often thought to originate from the very surface of a water body when bubbles burst. One model to explain this observation is the formation of ion pairs between Ca2+(aq) and surface-active organic species. In this study, we have used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to probe aqueous salt solutions and artificial sea spray aerosol to study whether ion pairing in the liquid environment also affects the surface composition of dry aerosol. Carboxylic acids were added to the sample solutions to mimic some of the organic compounds present in natural seawater. Our results show that the formation of a core-shell structure governs the surface composition of the aerosol. The core-shell structure contrasts previous observations of the dry sea spray aerosol on substrates. As such, this may indicate that substrates can impact the morphology of the dried aerosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaak Unger
- Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | | | - Matthew Salter
- Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala , Sweden.,Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden.,Bolin Centre for Climate Research , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Paul Zieger
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden.,Bolin Centre for Climate Research , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Minna Patanen
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science , University of Oulu , P.O. Box 8000 FI-90570 Oulu , Finland
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Ishizaka S, Guo F, Tian X, Seng S, Tobon YA, Sobanska S. In Situ Observation of Efflorescence and Deliquescence Phase Transitions of Single NaCl and NaNO3 Mixture Particles in Air Using a Laser Trapping Technique. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Ishizaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Fangqin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Xiaomeng Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Samantha Seng
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR - Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yeny A. Tobon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR - Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Sobanska
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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12
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Wang X, Lei H, Berger R, Zhang Y, Su H, Cheng Y. Hygroscopic properties of NaCl nanoparticles on the surface: a scanning force microscopy study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:9967-9973. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00155d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the hygroscopic growth of sodium chloride (NaCl) nanoparticles with curvature related diameters ranging from 10 nm to 200 nm, at different relative humidities using scanning force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Haozhi Lei
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201800
- China
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- Mainz 55128
- Germany
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201800
- China
| | - Hang Su
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Yafang Cheng
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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13
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Sun Z, Duan F, He K, Du J, Yang L, Li H, Ma T, Yang S. Physicochemical analysis of individual atmospheric fine particles based on effective surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 75:388-395. [PMID: 30473304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fine particles associated with haze pollution threaten the health of more than 400 million people in China. It is therefore of great importance to thoroughly investigate and understand their composition. To determine the physicochemical properties in atmospheric fine particles at the micrometer level, we described a sensitive and feasible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method using Ag foil as a substrate. This novel method enhanced the Raman signal intensities up to 10,000 a.u. for ν(NO3-) in fine particles. The SERS effect of Ag foil was further studied experimentally and theoretically and found to have an enhancement factor of the order of ~104. Size-fractionated real particle samples with aerodynamic diameters of 0.4-2.5 μm were successfully collected on a heavy haze day, allowing ready observation of morphology and identification of chemical components, such as soot, nitrates, and sulfates. These results suggest that the Ag-foil-based SERS technique can be effectively used to determine the microscopic characteristics of individual fine particles, which will help to understand haze formation mechanisms and formulate governance policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenli Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fengkui Duan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Kebin He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jingjing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tao Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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14
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Zielinski AT, Gallimore PJ, Griffiths PT, Jones RL, Seshia AA, Kalberer M. Measuring Aerosol Phase Changes and Hygroscopicity with a Microresonator Mass Sensor. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9716-9724. [PMID: 29969232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between atmospheric aerosol particles and water vapor influences aerosol size, phase, and composition, parameters which critically influence their impacts in the atmosphere. Methods to accurately measure aerosol water uptake for a wide range of particle types are therefore merited. We present here a new method for characterizing aerosol hygroscopicity, an impaction stage containing a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) microresonator. We find that deliquescence and efflorescence relative humidities (RHs) of sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate are easily diagnosed via changes in resonant frequency and peak sharpness. These agree well with literature values and thermodynamic models. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, unlike other resonator-based techniques, full hygroscopic growth curves can be derived, including for an inorganic-organic mixture (sodium chloride and malonic acid) which remains liquid at all RHs. The response of the microresonator frequency to temperature and particle mechanical properties and the resulting limitations when measuring hygroscopicity are discussed. MEMS resonators show great potential as miniaturized ambient aerosol mass monitors, and future work will consider the applicability of our approach to complex ambient samples. The technique also offers an alternative to established methods for accurate thermodynamic measurements in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur T Zielinski
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Gallimore
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Paul T Griffiths
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science, NCAS , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Roderic L Jones
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Ashwin A Seshia
- The Nanoscience Centre, Department of Engineering , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FF , United Kingdom
| | - Markus Kalberer
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
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15
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Gallimore PJ, Davidson NM, Kalberer M, Pope FD, Ward AD. 1064 nm Dispersive Raman Microspectroscopy and Optical Trapping of Pharmaceutical Aerosols. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8838-8844. [PMID: 29956916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for investigating chemical composition. Coupling Raman spectroscopy with optical microscopy (Raman microspectroscopy) and optical trapping (Raman tweezers) allows microscopic length scales and, hence, femtolitre volumes to be probed. Raman microspectroscopy typically uses UV/visible excitation lasers, but many samples, including organic molecules and complex tissue samples, fluoresce strongly at these wavelengths. Here we report the development and application of dispersive Raman microspectroscopy designed around a near-infrared continuous wave 1064 nm excitation light source. We analyze microparticles (1-5 μm diameter) composed of polystyrene latex and from three real-world pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) used in the treatment of asthma: salmeterol xinafoate (Serevent), salbutamol sulfate (Salamol), and ciclesonide (Alvesco). For the first time, single particles are captured, optically levitated, and analyzed using the same 1064 nm laser, which permits a convenient nondestructive chemical analysis of the true aerosol phase. We show that particles exhibiting overwhelming fluorescence using a visible laser (514.5 nm) can be successfully analyzed with 1064 nm excitation, irrespective of sample composition and irradiation time. Spectra are acquired rapidly (1-5 min) with a wavelength resolution of 2 nm over a wide wavenumber range (500-3100 cm-1). This is despite the microscopic sample size and low Raman scattering efficiency at 1064 nm. Spectra of individual pMDI particles compare well to bulk samples, and the Serevent pMDI delivers the thermodynamically preferred crystal form of salmeterol xinafoate. 1064 nm dispersive Raman microspectroscopy is a promising technique that could see diverse applications for samples where fluorescence-free characterization is required with high spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Gallimore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Nick M Davidson
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , B15 2TT , United Kingdom
| | - Markus Kalberer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
| | - Francis D Pope
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , B15 2TT , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Ward
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot , OX11 0FA , United Kingdom
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16
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Shi XM, Wu FM, Jing B, Wang N, Xu LL, Pang SF, Zhang YH. Hygroscopicity of internally mixed particles composed of (NH 4) 2SO 4 and citric acid under pulsed RH change. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:532-540. [PMID: 28910728 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we applied a pulsed RH controlling system and a rapid scan vacuum FTIR spectrometer (PRHCS-RSVFTIR) to investigate hygroscopicity of internally mixed (NH4)2SO4(AS)/citric acid (CA) particles. The water content and efflorescence ratio of AS in the particles and ambient relative humidity (RH) as a function of time were obtained with a subsecond time resolution. The hygroscopic behavior of AS aerosols in two different RH control processes (equilibrium and RH pulsed processes) showed that AS droplets crystallize with RH ranging from 42% to 26.5%. It was found that the half-life time ratio between the water content in the CA particles and the gas phase under RH pulsed change was greater than one under low RH conditions (<40% RH), indicating the significant water transfer limitation due to the high viscosity of CA aerosols at low RH, especially at RH<20%. In addition, water diffusion constants between 10-12 m2 s-1 and 10-13 m2 s-1 in micron size CA aerosols were obtained in a sub-second and second timescale. The addition of AS enhanced the water transfer limitation in the mixed aerosols. The efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) of the mixed particles with AS/CA by molar ratio 3:1 was found between 22.7% and 5.9%, which was much lower than AS particles. No efflorescence process was observed for the 1:1 mixed particles, indicating that CA greatly suppressed nucleation of AS. Our results have shown that the PRHCS-RSVFTIR is effective to simulate hygroscopicity and water transport of aerosols under fast variations in RH in atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Shi
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Feng-Min Wu
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Jing
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Na Wang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin-Lin Xu
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shu-Feng Pang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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17
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Uraoka M, Maegawa K, Ishizaka S. Raman Spectroscopy of Single Light-Absorbing Carbonaceous Particles Levitated in Air Using an Annular Laser Beam. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12866-12871. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Uraoka
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maegawa
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Shoji Ishizaka
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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18
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19
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Davidson N, Tong HJ, Kalberer M, Seville PC, Ward AD, Kuimova MK, Pope FD. Measurement of the Raman spectra and hygroscopicity of four pharmaceutical aerosols as they travel from pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) to a model lung. Int J Pharm 2017; 520:59-69. [PMID: 28159683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Particle inhalation is an effective and rapid delivery method for a variety of pharmaceuticals, particularly bronchodilation drugs used for treating asthma and COPD. Conditions of relative humidity and temperature inside the lungs are generally very different from the outside ambient air, with the lung typically being warmer and more humid. Changes in humidity, from inhaler to lung, can cause hygroscopic phase transitions and particle growth. Increasing particle size and mass can negatively affect particle deposition within the lung leading to inefficient treatment, while deliquescence prior to impaction is liable to accelerate drug uptake. To better understand the hygroscopic properties of four pharmaceutical aerosol particles; pharmaceutical particles from four commercially available pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) were stably captured in an optical trap, and their composition was examined online via Raman spectroscopy. Micron-sized particles of salbutamol sulfate, salmeterol xinafoate, fluticasone propionate and ciclesonide were levitated and examined over a range of relative humidity values inside a chamber designed to mimic conditions within the respiratory tract. The effect of temperature upon hygroscopicity was also investigated for salbutamol sulfate particles. Salbutamol sulfate was found to have significant hygroscopicity, salmeterol xinafoate showed some hygroscopic interactions, whilst fluticasone propionate and ciclesonide revealed no observable hygroscopicity. Thermodynamic and structural modelling is used to explain the observed experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Davidson
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - H-J Tong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - M Kalberer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - P C Seville
- School of Pharmacy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancs, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - A D Ward
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - M K Kuimova
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - F D Pope
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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20
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Piens DS, Kelly ST, Harder TH, Petters MD, O'Brien RE, Wang B, Teske K, Dowell P, Laskin A, Gilles MK. Measuring Mass-Based Hygroscopicity of Atmospheric Particles through in Situ Imaging. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:5172-5180. [PMID: 27088454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying how atmospheric particles interact with water vapor is critical for understanding the effects of aerosols on climate. We present a novel method to measure the mass-based hygroscopicity of particles while characterizing their elemental and carbon functional group compositions. Since mass-based hygroscopicity is insensitive to particle geometry, it is advantageous for probing the hygroscopic behavior of atmospheric particles, which can have irregular morphologies. Combining scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) analysis, and in situ STXM humidification experiments, this method was validated using laboratory-generated, atmospherically relevant particles. Then, the hygroscopicity and elemental composition of 15 complex atmospheric particles were analyzed by leveraging quantification of C, N, and O from STXM, and complementary elemental quantification from SEM/EDX. We found three types of hygroscopic responses, and correlated high hygroscopicity with Na and Cl content. The mixing state of 158 other particles from the sample broadly agreed with those of the humidified particles, indicating the potential to infer atmospheric hygroscopic behavior from a selected subset of particles. These methods offer unique quantitative capabilities to characterize and correlate the hygroscopicity and chemistry of individual submicrometer atmospheric particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique S Piens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephen T Kelly
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tristan H Harder
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Markus D Petters
- Department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Rachel E O'Brien
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bingbing Wang
- William R. Wiley Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Ken Teske
- Atmospheric Radiation Monitoring (Southern Great Plains Climate Research Facility), 109596 Coal Road, Billings, Oklahoma 74630 United States
| | - Pat Dowell
- Atmospheric Radiation Monitoring (Southern Great Plains Climate Research Facility), 109596 Coal Road, Billings, Oklahoma 74630 United States
| | - Alexander Laskin
- William R. Wiley Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Mary K Gilles
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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21
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Morris HS, Estillore AD, Laskina O, Grassian VH, Tivanski AV. Quantifying the Hygroscopic Growth of Individual Submicrometer Particles with Atomic Force Microscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:3647-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly S. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Armando D. Estillore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Olga Laskina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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22
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Patterson JP, Collins D, Michaud J, Axson JL, Sultana CM, Moser T, Dommer AC, Conner J, Grassian VH, Stokes MD, Deane GB, Evans JE, Burkart MD, Prather KA, Gianneschi N. Sea Spray Aerosol Structure and Composition Using Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:40-47. [PMID: 26878061 PMCID: PMC4731829 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.5b00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The composition and surface properties of atmospheric aerosol particles largely control their impact on climate by affecting their ability to uptake water, react heterogeneously, and nucleate ice in clouds. However, in the vacuum of a conventional electron microscope, the native surface and internal structure often undergo physicochemical rearrangement resulting in surfaces that are quite different from their atmospheric configurations. Herein, we report the development of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy where laboratory generated sea spray aerosol particles are flash frozen in their native state with iterative and controlled thermal and/or pressure exposures and then probed by electron microscopy. This unique approach allows for the detection of not only mixed salts, but also soft materials including whole hydrated bacteria, diatoms, virus particles, marine vesicles, as well as gel networks within hydrated salt droplets-all of which will have distinct biological, chemical, and physical processes. We anticipate this method will open up a new avenue of analysis for aerosol particles, not only for ocean-derived aerosols, but for those produced from other sources where there is interest in the transfer of organic or biological species from the biosphere to the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P. Patterson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Douglas
B. Collins
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jennifer
M. Michaud
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jessica L. Axson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Camile M. Sultana
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Trevor Moser
- Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Abigail C. Dommer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jack Conner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - M. Dale Stokes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Grant B. Deane
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - James E. Evans
- Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Michael D. Burkart
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kimberly A. Prather
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Nathan
C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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23
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Laskina O, Morris HS, Grandquist JR, Estillore AD, Stone EA, Grassian VH, Tivanski AV. Substrate-Deposited Sea Spray Aerosol Particles: Influence of Analytical Method, Substrate, and Storage Conditions on Particle Size, Phase, and Morphology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:13447-53. [PMID: 26477686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols are often collected on substrates and analyzed weeks or months after the initial collection. We investigated how the selection of substrate and microscopy method influence the measured size, phase, and morphology of sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles and how sample storage conditions affect individual particles using three common microscopy techniques: optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to determine changes in the water content of stored particles. The results show that microscopy techniques operating under ambient conditions provide the most relevant and robust measurement of particle size. Samples stored in a desiccator and at ambient conditions leads to similar sizes and morphologies, while storage that involves freezing and thawing leads to irreversible changes due to phase changes and water condensation. Typically, SSA particles are deposited wet and, if possible, samples used for single-particle analysis should be stored at or near conditions at which they were collected in order to avoid dehydration. However, if samples need to be dry, as is often the case, then this study found that storing SSA particles at ambient laboratory conditions (17-23% RH and 19-21 °C) was effective at preserving them and reducing changes that would alter samples and subsequent data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Laskina
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Holly S Morris
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Joshua R Grandquist
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Armando D Estillore
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Stone
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexei V Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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24
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Laskina O, Morris HS, Grandquist JR, Qin Z, Stone EA, Tivanski AV, Grassian VH. Size matters in the water uptake and hygroscopic growth of atmospherically relevant multicomponent aerosol particles. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4489-97. [PMID: 25521409 DOI: 10.1021/jp510268p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions of water with atmospheric aerosols is crucial for determining the size, physical state, reactivity, and climate impacts of this important component of the Earth's atmosphere. Here we show that water uptake and hygroscopic growth of multicomponent, atmospherically relevant particles can be size dependent when comparing 100 nm versus ca. 6 μm sized particles. It was determined that particles composed of ammonium sulfate with succinic acid and of a mixture of chlorides typical of the marine environment show size-dependent hygroscopic behavior. Microscopic analysis of the distribution of components within the aerosol particles show that the size dependence is due to differences in the mixing state, that is, whether particles are homogeneously mixed or phase separated, for different sized particles. This morphology-dependent hygroscopicity has consequences for heterogeneous atmospheric chemistry as well as aerosol interactions with electromagnetic radiation and clouds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Laskina
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Holly S Morris
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Joshua R Grandquist
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Zhen Qin
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Stone
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexei V Tivanski
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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