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de Los Santos-Ramirez JM, Boyas-Chavez PG, Cerrillos-Ordoñez A, Mata-Gomez M, Gallo-Villanueva RC, Perez-Gonzalez VH. Trends and challenges in microfluidic methods for protein manipulation-A review. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:69-100. [PMID: 37259641 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are important molecules involved in an immensely large number of biological processes. Being capable of manipulating proteins is critical for developing reliable and affordable techniques to analyze and/or detect them. Such techniques would enable the production of therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases or other biotechnological applications (e.g., bioreactors or biocatalysis). Microfluidic technology represents a potential solution to protein manipulation challenges because of the diverse phenomena that can be exploited to achieve micro- and nanoparticle manipulation. In this review, we discuss recent contributions made in the field of protein manipulation in microfluidic systems using different physicochemical principles and techniques, some of which are miniaturized versions of already established macro-scale techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo G Boyas-Chavez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | - Marco Mata-Gomez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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2
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Wu X, Tang D, He Q, Liu L, Jia Z, Tan Y. Research progress of electrode shapes in EWOD-based digital microfluidics. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16815-16827. [PMID: 37283873 PMCID: PMC10240258 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01817b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital microfluidics (DMF) is an innovative technology used for precise manipulation of liquid droplets. This technology has garnered significant attention in both industrial applications and scientific research due to its unique advantages. Among the key components of DMF, the driving electrode plays a role in facilitating droplet generation, transportation, splitting, merging, and mixing. This comprehensive review aims to present an in-depth understanding of the working principle of DMF particularly focusing on the Electrowetting On Dielectric (EWOD) method. Furthermore, it examines the impact of driving electrodes with varying geometries on droplet manipulation. By analyzing and comparing their characteristics, this review offers valuable insights and a fresh perspective on the design and application of driving electrodes in DMF based on the EWOD approach. Lastly, an assessment of the development trend and potential applications of DMF concludes the review, providing an outlook for future prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Wu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Ultra-fast/Micro-nano Technology and Advanced Laser Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Dongbao Tang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Ultra-fast/Micro-nano Technology and Advanced Laser Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Qianpei He
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Luxuan Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Ultra-fast/Micro-nano Technology and Advanced Laser Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Zhaoyuan Jia
- School of Electrical Engineering, Ultra-fast/Micro-nano Technology and Advanced Laser Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Yuyu Tan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Ultra-fast/Micro-nano Technology and Advanced Laser Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
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3
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Peng J, Chan C, Zhang S, Sklavounos AA, Olson ME, Scott EY, Hu Y, Rajesh V, Li BB, Chamberlain MD, Zhang S, Peng H, Wheeler AR. All-in-One digital microfluidics pipeline for proteomic sample preparation and analysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2887-2900. [PMID: 36937585 PMCID: PMC10016607 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly sensitive and reproducible analysis of samples containing low amounts of protein is restricted by sample loss and the introduction of contaminants during processing. Here, we report an All-in-One digital microfluidic (DMF) pipeline for proteomic sample reduction, alkylation, digestion, isotopic labeling and analysis. The system features end-to-end automation, with integrated thermal control for digestion, optimized droplet additives for sample manipulation and analysis, and an automated interface to liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Dimethyl labeling was integrated into the pipeline to allow for relative quantification of the trace samples at the nanogram level, and the new pipeline was applied to evaluating cancer cell lines and cancer tissue samples. Several known proteins (including HSP90AB1, HSPB1, LDHA, ENO1, PGK1, KRT18, and AKR1C2) and pathways were observed between model breast cancer cell lines related to hormone response, cell metabolism, and cell morphology. Furthermore, differentially quantified proteins (such as PGS2, UGDH, ASPN, LUM, COEA1, and PRELP) were found in comparisons of healthy and cancer breast tissues, suggesting potential utility of the All-in-One pipeline for the emerging application of proteomic cancer sub-typing. In sum, the All-in-One pipeline represents a powerful new tool for automated proteome processing and analysis, with the potential to be useful for evaluating mass-limited samples for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Calvin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
| | - Shuailong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Alexandros A Sklavounos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
| | - Maxwell E Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
| | - Erica Y Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Yechen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - Vigneshwar Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
| | - Bingyu B Li
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
- Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan 107 Wiggins Road Saskatoon SK S7N 5E5 Canada
| | - Shen Zhang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital 600 University Avenue Toronto ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA Changsha Hunan 410000 China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- School of Environment, University of Toronto 33 Willcocks Street Toronto ON M5S 3E8 Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada +1-416-946-3865 +1-416-946-3866
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto 164 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3G9 Canada
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4
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King CD, Kapp KL, Arul AB, Choi MJ, Robinson RAS. Advancements in automation for plasma proteomics sample preparation. Mol Omics 2022; 18:828-839. [PMID: 36048090 PMCID: PMC9879274 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Automation is necessary to increase sample processing throughput for large-scale clinical analyses. Replacement of manual pipettes with robotic liquid handler systems is especially helpful in processing blood-based samples, such as plasma and serum. These samples are very heterogenous, and protein expression can vary greatly from sample-to-sample, even for healthy controls. Detection of true biological changes requires that variation from sample preparation steps and downstream analytical detection methods, such as mass spectrometry, remains low. In this mini-review, we discuss plasma proteomics protocols and the benefits of automation towards enabling detection of low abundant proteins and providing low sample error and increased sample throughput. This discussion includes considerations for automation of major sample depletion and/or enrichment strategies for plasma toward mass spectrometry detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina D King
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Kathryn L Kapp
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Albert B Arul
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Min Ji Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Renã A S Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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5
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Mahmoudpour M, Jouyban A, Soleymani J, Rahimi M. Rational design of smart nano-platforms based on antifouling-nanomaterials toward multifunctional bioanalysis. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 302:102637. [PMID: 35290930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to design nanoprobe devices with the capability of quantitative/qualitative operation in complex media will probably underpin the main upcoming progress in healthcare research and development. However, the biomolecules abundances in real samples can considerably alter the interface performance, where unwanted adsorption/adhesion can block signal response and significantly decrease the specificity of the assay. Herein, this review firstly offers a brief outline of several significances of fabricating high-sensitivity and low-background interfaces to adjust various targets' behaviors induced via bioactive molecules on the surface. Besides, some important strategies to resist non-specific protein adsorption and cell adhesion, followed by imperative categories of antifouling reagents utilized in the construction of high-performance solid sensory interfaces, are discussed. The next section specifically highlights the various nanocomposite probes based on antifouling-nanomaterials for electrode modification containing carbon nanomaterials, noble metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, polymer, and silicon-based materials in terms of nanoparticles, rods, or porous materials through optical or chemical strategies. We specially outline those nanoprobes that are capable of identification in complex media or those using new constructions/methods. Finally, the necessity and requirements for future advances in this emerging field are also presented, followed by opportunities and challenges.
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Gilquin B, Cubizolles M, Den Dulk R, Revol-Cavalier F, Alessio M, Goujon CE, Echampard C, Arrizabalaga G, Adrait A, Louwagie M, Laurent P, Navarro FP, Couté Y, Cosnier ML, Brun V. PepS: An Innovative Microfluidic Device for Bedside Whole Blood Processing before Plasma Proteomics Analyses. Anal Chem 2021; 93:683-690. [PMID: 33319979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Immunoassays have been used for decades in clinical laboratories to quantify proteins in serum and plasma samples. However, their limitations make them inappropriate in some cases. Recently, mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics analysis has emerged as a promising alternative method when seeking to assess panels of protein biomarkers with a view to providing protein profiles to monitor health status. Up to now, however, translation of MS-based proteomics to the clinic has been hampered by its complexity and the substantial time and human resources necessary for sample preparation. Plasma matrix is particularly tricky to process as it contains more than 3000 proteins with concentrations spanning an extreme dynamic range (1010). To address this preanalytical challenge, we designed a microfluidic device (PepS) automating and accelerating blood sample preparation for bottom-up MS-based proteomics analysis. The microfluidic cartridge is operated through a dedicated compact instrument providing fully automated fluid processing and thermal control. In less than 2 h, the PepS device allows bedside plasma separation from whole blood, volume metering, depletion of albumin, protein digestion with trypsin, and stabilization of tryptic peptides on solid-phase extraction sorbent. For this first presentation, the performance of the PepS device was assessed using discovery proteomics and targeted proteomics, detecting a panel of three protein biomarkers routinely assayed in clinical laboratories (alanine aminotransferase 1, C-reactive protein, and myoglobin). This innovative microfluidic device and its associated instrumentation should help to streamline and simplify clinical proteomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Gilquin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Clinatec, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, EDyP, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Myriam Cubizolles
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Remco Den Dulk
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Frédéric Revol-Cavalier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Manuel Alessio
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | | | - Camille Echampard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | | | - Annie Adrait
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, EDyP, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Mathilde Louwagie
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, EDyP, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Patricia Laurent
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Fabrice P Navarro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Yohann Couté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, EDyP, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Marie-Line Cosnier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Technologies for Healthcare and Biology Division, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
| | - Virginie Brun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, EDyP, F-38000 Grenoble, FRANCE
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7
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Moon BU, Malic L, Morton K, Jeyhani M, Elmanzalawy A, Tsai SSH, Veres T. Evaporation-Driven Water-in-Water Droplet Formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14333-14341. [PMID: 33179927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We present new observations of aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) thermodynamic and interfacial phenomena that occur inside sessile droplets due to water evaporation. Sessile droplets that contain polymeric solutions, which are initially in equilibrium in a single phase, are observed at their three-phase liquid-solid-air contact line. As evaporation of a sessile droplet proceeds, we find that submicron secondary water-in-water (W/W) droplets emerge spontaneously at the edges of the mother sessile droplet due to the resulting phase separation from water evaporation. To understand this phenomenon, we first study the secondary W/W droplet formation process on different substrate materials, namely, glass, polycarbonate (PC), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), poly(dimethylsiloxane)-coated glass slide (PDMS substrate), and Teflon-coated glass slide (Teflon substrate), and show that secondary W/W droplet formation arises only in lower-contact-angle substrates near the three-phase contact line. Next, we characterize the size of the emergent secondary W/W droplets as a function of time. We observe that W/W drops are formed, coalesced, aligned, and trapped along the contact line of the mother droplet. We demonstrate that this W/W multiple emulsion system can be used to encapsulate magnetic particles and blood cells, and achieve size-based separation. Finally, we show the applicability of this system for protein sensing. This is the first experimental observation of evaporation-induced secondary W/W droplet generation in a sessile droplet. We anticipate that the phenomena described here may be applicable to some biological assay applications, for example, biomarker detection, protein sensing, and point-of-care diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Ui Moon
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Boucherville, Quebec J4B 6Y4, Canada
| | - Lidija Malic
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Boucherville, Quebec J4B 6Y4, Canada
| | - Keith Morton
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Boucherville, Quebec J4B 6Y4, Canada
| | - Morteza Jeyhani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Abdelrahman Elmanzalawy
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Boucherville, Quebec J4B 6Y4, Canada
| | - Scott S H Tsai
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Teodor Veres
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Boucherville, Quebec J4B 6Y4, Canada
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Kothamachu VB, Zaini S, Muffatto F. Role of Digital Microfluidics in Enabling Access to Laboratory Automation and Making Biology Programmable. SLAS Technol 2020; 25:411-426. [PMID: 32584152 DOI: 10.1177/2472630320931794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a liquid handling technique that has been demonstrated to automate biological experimentation in a low-cost, rapid, and programmable manner. This review discusses the role of DMF as a "digital bioconverter"-a tool to connect the digital aspects of the design-build-learn cycle with the physical execution of experiments. Several applications are reviewed to demonstrate the utility of DMF as a digital bioconverter, namely, genetic engineering, sample preparation for sequencing and mass spectrometry, and enzyme-, immuno-, and cell-based screening assays. These applications show that DMF has great potential in the role of a centralized execution platform in a fully integrated pipeline for the production of novel organisms and biomolecules. In this paper, we discuss how the function of a DMF device within such a pipeline is highly dependent on integration with different sensing techniques and methodologies from machine learning and big data. In addition to that, we examine how the capacity of DMF can in some cases be limited by known technical and operational challenges and how consolidated efforts in overcoming these challenges will be key to the development of DMF as a major enabling technology in the computer-aided biology framework.
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10
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Gu Z, Wu ML, Yan BY, Wang HF, Kong C. Integrated Digital Microfluidic Platform for Colorimetric Sensing of Nitrite. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11196-11201. [PMID: 32455243 PMCID: PMC7241042 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a palm-size digital microfluidic (DMF) platform integrated with colorimetric analysis was developed for quantifying the concentration of nitrite. To realize the on-chip repeatable colorimetric analysis, a novel printed circuit board (PCB)-based DMF chip was designed with an embedded aperture on the actuator electrode, forming a vertical light path for online measurement of the droplets. The capabilities of the DMF platform enable automatic manipulation of microliter-level droplets to implement Griess assay without the use of external systems such as syringe, pump, or valve, which provides the benefits including high flexibility, portability, miniature size, and low cost. Results indicated the characteristics of good linearity (R 2 = 0.9974), the ignorable crosstalk for reusability, and the limit of detection (LOD) of nitrite as low as 5 μg/L. Furthermore, the presented platform was successfully applied to determine nitrite levels in food products with reliable results and satisfactory recoveries. This integrated DMF platform can be a promising new tool for a wide range of applications involving step-by-step solution mixing and optical detection in environmental monitoring, food safety analysis, and point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gu
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Lei Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Yong Yan
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Feng Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Cong Kong
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai 200063, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China
Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, P. R. China
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11
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Jiang C, Wang G, Hein R, Liu N, Luo X, Davis JJ. Antifouling Strategies for Selective In Vitro and In Vivo Sensing. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3852-3889. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Guixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, China
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nianzu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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12
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Liu S, Haller E, Horak J, Brandstetter M, Heuser T, Lämmerhofer M. Protein A- and Protein G-gold nanoparticle bioconjugates as nano-immunoaffinity platform for human IgG depletion in plasma and antibody extraction from cell culture supernatant. Talanta 2019; 194:664-672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Zou F, Ruan Q, Lin X, Zhang M, Song Y, Zhou L, Zhu Z, Lin S, Wang W, Yang CJ. Rapid, real-time chemiluminescent detection of DNA mutation based on digital microfluidics and pyrosequencing. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:551-557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Dong L, Li C, Locuson C, Chen S, Qian MG. A Two-Step Immunocapture LC/MS/MS Assay for Plasma Stability and Payload Migration Assessment of Cysteine–Maleimide-Based Antibody Drug Conjugates. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5989-5994. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Dong
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Charles Locuson
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Susan Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark G. Qian
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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15
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Umapathi U, Chin S, Shin P, Koutentakis D, Ishii H. Scaling Electrowetting with Printed Circuit Boards for Large Area Droplet Manipulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Fractionation separation of human plasma proteins using HPLC with a homemade iron porphyrin based monolithic column. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1068-1069:358-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Pedde RD, Li H, Borchers CH, Akbari M. Microfluidic-Mass Spectrometry Interfaces for Translational Proteomics. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:954-970. [PMID: 28755975 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Interfacing mass spectrometry (MS) with microfluidic chips (μchip-MS) holds considerable potential to transform a clinician's toolbox, providing translatable methods for the early detection, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of noncommunicable diseases by streamlining and integrating laborious sample preparation workflows on high-throughput, user-friendly platforms. Overcoming the limitations of competitive immunoassays - currently the gold standard in clinical proteomics - μchip-MS can provide unprecedented access to complex proteomic assays having high sensitivity and specificity, but without the labor, costs, and complexities associated with conventional MS sample processing. This review surveys recent μchip-MS systems for clinical applications and examines their emerging role in streamlining the development and translation of MS-based proteomic assays by alleviating many of the challenges that currently inhibit widespread clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Daniel Pedde
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada; University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, 3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Huiyan Li
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, 3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, 3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada; Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, 5100 de Maisonneuve Blvd. West, Suite 720, Montreal, QC, H4A 3T2, Canada; Proteomics Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada; Centre for Biomedical Research (CBR), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada; Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.
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18
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Hutama TJ, Oleschuk RD. Magnetically manipulated droplet splitting on a 3D-printed device to carry out a complexometric assay. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2640-2649. [PMID: 28685782 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00629b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A method for performing droplet actuation, splitting, and dispensing using only magnetic force and physical confinement is reported. The combination of low-friction superhydrophobic surfaces and droplets containing superparamagnetic particles is demonstrated to reliably dispense droplets with a precision (≤6%) similar to standard air-displacement pipettes. The 3D printed microfluidic chips incorporate individual wells, a weir structure and differential channel depths to facilitate droplet splitting in differing ratios. Both empirical observations and numerical simulations show that the splitting is a combination of wetting and pressure differences. The method enables a parent drop to be dispensed and split into droplets ranging in size from 5-20 μL using different well volumes. Once dispensed/split the droplets can be further actuated, merged and mixed. An EDTA-based complexometric colorimetric titration for water hardness is conducted on-chip. The degree of colour change is then determined utilizing a cell phone camera and image analysis and used to calculate water hardness; this measurement was found to agree with the traditional, larger scale method. The simple, robust dispensing method is adaptable to other digital microfluidic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Hutama
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
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19
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Rackus DG, de Campos RPS, Chan C, Karcz MM, Seale B, Narahari T, Dixon C, Chamberlain MD, Wheeler AR. Pre-concentration by liquid intake by paper (P-CLIP): a new technique for large volumes and digital microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2272-2280. [PMID: 28604891 PMCID: PMC7734381 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00440k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms are an attractive option for incorporating complex fluid handling into low-cost and rapid diagnostic tests. A persistent challenge for microfluidics, however, is the mismatch in the "world-to-chip" interface - it is challenging to detect analytes present at low concentrations in systems that can only handle small volumes of sample. Here we describe a new technique termed pre-concentration by liquid intake by paper (P-CLIP) that addresses this mismatch, allowing digital microfluidics to interface with volumes on the order of hundreds of microliters. In P-CLIP, a virtual microchannel is generated to pass a large volume through the device; analytes captured on magnetic particles can be isolated and then resuspended into smaller volumes for further processing and analysis. We characterize this method and demonstrate its utility with an immunoassay for Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase, a malaria biomarker, and propose that the P-CLIP strategy may be useful for a wide range of applications that are currently limited by low-abundance analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius G Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Richard P S de Campos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Calvin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Maria M Karcz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Brendon Seale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Tanya Narahari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Christopher Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
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20
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Shi HH, Xiao Y, Ferguson S, Huang X, Wang N, Hao HX. Progress of crystallization in microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2167-2185. [PMID: 28585942 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01225f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology provides a unique environment for the investigation of crystallization processes at the nano or meso scale. The convenient operation and precise control of process parameters, at these scales of operation enabled by microfluidic devices, are attracting significant and increasing attention in the field of crystallization. In this paper, developments and applications of microfluidics in crystallization research including: crystal nucleation and growth, polymorph and cocrystal screening, preparation of nanocrystals, solubility and metastable zone determination, are summarized and discussed. The materials used in the construction and the structure of these microfluidic devices are also summarized and methods for measuring and modelling crystal nucleation and growth process as well as the enabling analytical methods are also briefly introduced. The low material consumption, high efficiency and precision of microfluidic crystallizations are of particular significance for active pharmaceutical ingredients, proteins, fine chemicals, and nanocrystals. Therefore, it is increasingly adopted as a mainstream technology in crystallization research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Shi
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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21
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Abstract
The interdisciplinary research field of microfluidics has the potential to revolutionize current technologies that require the handling of a small amount of fluid, a fast response, low costs and automation. Microfluidic platforms that handle small amounts of liquid have been categorised as continuous-flow microfluidics and digital microfluidics. The first part of this paper discusses the recent advances of the two main and opposing applications of liquid handling in continuous-flow microfluidics: mixing and separation. Mixing and separation are essential steps in most lab-on-a-chip platforms, as sample preparation and detection are required for a variety of biological and chemical assays. The second part discusses the various digital microfluidic strategies, based on droplets and liquid marbles, for the manipulation of discrete microdroplets. More advanced digital microfluidic devices combining electrowetting with other techniques are also introduced. The applications of the emerging field of liquid-marble-based digital microfluidics are also highlighted. Finally, future perspectives on microfluidic liquid handling are discussed.
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22
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Solid supports for extraction and preconcentration of proteins and peptides in microfluidic devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 955:1-26. [PMID: 28088276 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determination of proteins and peptides is among the main challenges of today's bioanalytical chemistry. The application of microchip technology in this field is an exhaustively developed concept that aims to create integrated and fully automated analytical devices able to quantify or detect one or several proteins from a complex matrix. Selective extraction and preconcentration of targeted proteins and peptides especially from biological fluids is of the highest importance for a successful realization of these microsystems. Incorporation of solid structures or supports is a convenient solution employed to face these demands. This review presents a critical view on the latest achievements in sample processing techniques for protein determination using solid supports in microfluidics. The study covers the period from 2006 to 2015 and focuses mainly on the strategies based on microbeads, monolithic materials and membranes. Less common approaches are also briefly discussed. The reviewed literature suggests future trends which are discussed in the concluding remarks.
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23
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El Rassi Z, Puangpila C. Liquid-phase based separation systems for depletion, prefractionation, and enrichment of proteins in biological fluids and matrices for in-depth proteomics analysis-An update covering the period 2014-2016. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:150-161. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad El Rassi
- Department of Chemistry; Oklahoma State University; Stillwater OK USA
| | - Chanida Puangpila
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai Thailand
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24
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Seale B, Lam C, Rackus DG, Chamberlain MD, Liu C, Wheeler AR. Digital Microfluidics for Immunoprecipitation. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10223-10230. [PMID: 27700039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunoprecipitation (IP) is a common method for isolating a targeted protein from a complex sample such as blood, serum, or cell lysate. In particular, IP is often used as the primary means of target purification for the analysis by mass spectrometry of novel biologically derived pharmaceuticals, with particular utility for the identification of molecules bound to a protein target. Unfortunately, IP is a labor-intensive technique, is difficult to perform in parallel, and has limited options for automation. Furthermore, the technique is typically limited to large sample volumes, making the application of IP cleanup to precious samples nearly impossible. In recognition of these challenges, we introduce a method for performing microscale IP using magnetic particles and digital microfluidics (DMF-IP). The new method allows for 80% recovery of model proteins from approximately microliter volumes of serum in a sample-to-answer run time of approximately 25 min. Uniquely, analytes are eluted from these small samples in a format compatible with direct analysis by mass spectrometry. To extend the technique to be useful for large samples, we also developed a macro-to-microscale interface called preconcentration using liquid intake by paper (P-CLIP). This technique allows for efficient analysis of samples >100× larger than are typically processed on microfluidic devices. As described herein, DMF-IP and P-CLIP-DMF-IP are rapid, automated, and multiplexed methods that have the potential to reduce the time and effort required for IP sample preparations with applications in the fields of pharmacy, biomarker discovery, and protein biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon Seale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Charis Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Darius G Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research , 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research , 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Chang Liu
- SCIEX , 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research , 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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25
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Mats L, Logue F, Oleschuk RD. “Particle-Free” Magnetic Actuation of Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces Using Dissolved Paramagnetic Salts. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9486-9494. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Mats
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader
Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Fiona Logue
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader
Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Richard D. Oleschuk
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader
Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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26
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Büyüktiryaki S, Uzun L, Denizli A, Say R, Ersöz A. Simultaneous depletion of albumin and immunoglobulin G by using twin affinity magnetic nanotraps. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Büyüktiryaki
- BİBAM (Plant, Drug and Scientific Researches Center), Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Say
- Department of Chemistry, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ersöz
- Department of Chemistry, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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27
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Choi K, Boyacı E, Kim J, Seale B, Barrera-Arbelaez L, Pawliszyn J, Wheeler AR. A digital microfluidic interface between solid-phase microextraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:1-7. [PMID: 27048987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a method to couple solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with HPLC-MS using digital microfluidics (DMF). In the new system, SPME fibers are used to extract analytes from complex sample solutions, after which the analytes are desorbed into solvent droplets in a DMF device. The open geometry of DMF allows straightforward insertion of SPME fibers without requiring a complicated interface, and automated droplet manipulation enables multiplexed processing of the fibers. In contrast to other multiplexed SPME elution interfaces, the low volumes inherent to DMF allow for pre-concentration of analytes prior to analysis. The new SPME-DMF-HPLC-MS method was applied to the quantification of pg/mL-level free steroid hormones in urine. We propose that this new method will be useful for a wide range of applications requiring cleanup and pre-concentration with convenient coupling to high-performance analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihwan Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ezel Boyacı
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Brendon Seale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Luis Barrera-Arbelaez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada.
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28
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He JL, Wang DS, Fan SK. Opto-Microfluidic Immunosensors: From Colorimetric to Plasmonic. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E29. [PMID: 30407402 PMCID: PMC6189923 DOI: 10.3390/mi7020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical detection has long been the most popular technique in immunosensing. Recent developments in the synthesis of luminescent probes and the fabrication of novel nanostructures enable more sensitive and efficient optical detection, which can be miniaturized and integrated with microfluidics to realize compact lab-on-a-chip immunosensors. These immunosensors are portable, economical and automated, but their sensitivity is not compromised. This review focuses on the incorporation and implementation of optical detection and microfluidics in immunosensors; it introduces the working principles of each optical detection technique and how it can be exploited in immunosensing. The recent progress in various opto-microfluidic immunosensor designs is described. Instead of being comprehensive to include all opto-microfluidic platforms, the report centers on the designs that are promising for point-of-care immunosensing diagnostics, in which ease of use, stability and cost-effective fabrication are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Long He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Da-Shin Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Kang Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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29
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Tang M, Wang G, Kong SK, Ho HP. A Review of Biomedical Centrifugal Microfluidic Platforms. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E26. [PMID: 30407398 PMCID: PMC6190084 DOI: 10.3390/mi7020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Centrifugal microfluidic or lab-on-a-disc platforms have many advantages over other microfluidic systems. These advantages include a minimal amount of instrumentation, the efficient removal of any disturbing bubbles or residual volumes, and inherently available density-based sample transportation and separation. Centrifugal microfluidic devices applied to biomedical analysis and point-of-care diagnostics have been extensively promoted recently. This paper presents an up-to-date overview of these devices. The development of biomedical centrifugal microfluidic platforms essentially covers two categories: (i) unit operations that perform specific functionalities, and (ii) systems that aim to address certain biomedical applications. With the aim to provide a comprehensive representation of current development in this field, this review summarizes progress in both categories. The advanced unit operations implemented for biological processing include mixing, valving, switching, metering and sequential loading. Depending on the type of sample to be used in the system, biomedical applications are classified into four groups: nucleic acid analysis, blood analysis, immunoassays, and other biomedical applications. Our overview of advanced unit operations also includes the basic concepts and mechanisms involved in centrifugal microfluidics, while on the other hand an outline on reported applications clarifies how an assembly of unit operations enables efficient implementation of various types of complex assays. Lastly, challenges and potential for future development of biomedical centrifugal microfluidic devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Tang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Institute of Optical Communication Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Siu-Kai Kong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ho-Pui Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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30
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Liu C, Choi K, Kang Y, Kim J, Fobel C, Seale B, Campbell JL, Covey TR, Wheeler AR. Direct Interface between Digital Microfluidics and High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11967-72. [PMID: 26595766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We introduce an automated method to facilitate in-line coupling of digital microfluidics (DMF) with HPLC-MS, using a custom, 3D-printed manifold and a custom plugin to the popular open-source control system, DropBot. The method was designed to interface directly with commercial autosamplers (with no prior modification), suggesting that it will be widely accessible for end-users. The system was demonstrated to be compatible with samples dissolved in aqueous buffers and neat methanol and was validated by application to a common steroid-labeling derivatization reaction. We propose that the methods described here will be useful for a wide range of applications, combining the automated sample processing power of DMF with the resolving and analytical capacity of HPLC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Kihwan Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Yang Kang
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Christian Fobel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Brendon Seale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | | - Thomas R Covey
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
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31
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Building bio-assays with magnetic particles on a digital microfluidic platform. N Biotechnol 2015; 32:485-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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32
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Lafrenière NM, Mudrik JM, Ng AHC, Seale B, Spooner N, Wheeler AR. Attractive Design: An Elution Solvent Optimization Platform for Magnetic-Bead-based Fractionation Using Digital Microfluidics and Design of Experiments. Anal Chem 2015; 87:3902-10. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504697r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson M. Lafrenière
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jared M. Mudrik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Alphonsus H. C. Ng
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Brendon Seale
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Neil Spooner
- Platform Technologies
and Science Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Ware, Hertfordshire SG12 0DP, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron R. Wheeler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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