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Rowell CER, Kaur J, Zhang Y, Alzarieni KZ, Anyaeche RO, Ma HM, Little AM, Sharma T, Nussbaum MD, Hershberger DA, Lee YJ, Blagojevic V, Neill JL, Kenttämaa HI. Application of Laser-Induced Acoustic Desorption for Molecular Rotational Resonance Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6255-6263. [PMID: 38588398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Molecular Rotational Resonance (MRR) spectroscopy is a uniquely precise tool for the determination of molecular structures of volatile compounds in mixtures, as the characteristic rotational transition frequencies of a molecule are extremely sensitive to its 3D structure through the moments of inertia in a three-dimensional coordinate system. This enables identification of the compounds based on just a few parameters that can be calculated, as opposed to, for example, mass spectrometric data, which often require expert analysis of 10-20 different signals and the use of many standards/model compounds. This paper introduces a new sampling technique for MRR, laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD), to allow the vaporization of nonvolatile and thermally labile analytes without the need for excessive heating or derivatization. In this proof-of-concept study, LIAD was successfully coupled to an MRR instrument to conduct measurements on seven compounds with differing polarities, molecular weights, and melting and boiling points. Identification of three isomers in a mixture was also successfully performed using LIAD/MRR. Based on these results, LIAD/MRR is demonstrated to provide a powerful approach for the identification of nonvolatile and/or thermally labile analytes with molecular weights up to 600 Da in simple mixtures, which does not require the use of reference compounds. In the future, applications to more complex mixtures, such as those relevant to pharmaceutical research, and quantitative aspects of LIAD/MRR will be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E R Rowell
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Jaskiran Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Kawthar Z Alzarieni
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ruth O Anyaeche
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Hendrik M Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Annika M Little
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Tanya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Matthan D Nussbaum
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Drake A Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | - Ying-Jou Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
| | | | - Justin L Neill
- BrightSpec Inc., Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Hilkka I Kenttämaa
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47904, United States
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Zhu F, Zhao B, Hu B, Zhang Y, Xue B, Wang H, Chen Q. Review of available "extraction + purification" methods of natural ceramides and their feasibility for sewage sludge analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68022-68053. [PMID: 37147548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural ceramide, a biologically active compound present in plants, has been used widely in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Abundant ceramide has been detected in sewage sludge, which has inspired the idea to recycle ceramide from it. Therefore, the methods of extracting, purifying, and detecting ceramides from plants were reviewed, with the aim to establish methods to get condensed ceramide from sludge. Ceramide extraction methods include traditional methods (maceration, reflux, and Soxhlet extraction) and green technologies (ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted, and supercritical fluid extraction). In the past two decades, more than 70% of the articles have used traditional methods. However, green extraction methods are gradually improved and showed high extraction efficiency with lower solvent consumed. The preferred technique for ceramide purification is chromatography. Common solvent systems include chloroform-methanol, n-hexane-ethyl acetate, petroleum ether-ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether-acetone. For structural determination of ceramide, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry are used in combination. Among quantitative analysis methods for ceramide, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was the most accurate. This review concludes that with our prilemenary experiment results it is feasible to apply the plant "extraction + purification" process of ceramide to sludge, but more optimization need to be performed to get better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Zhu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Boyuan Xue
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and Health, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
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Shiea J, Lin HJ, Bhat SM, Lee CY, Huang MZ, Ponnusamy VK, Cheng SC. Thin layer chromatography/desorption flame-induced atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry for the analysis of volatile and semi-volatile mixtures. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9409. [PMID: 36194496 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Flame-induced atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (FAPCI) has been used to directly characterize chemical compounds on a glass rod and drug tablet surfaces. In this study, FAPCI was further applied to interface thin layer chromatography (TLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) for mixture analysis. METHODS A micro-sized oxyacetylene flame was generated using a small concentric tube system. Hot gas flow and primary reactive species from the micro-flame were directed toward a developed TLC gel plate to thermally desorb and ionize analytes on the gel surface. The resulting analyte ions subsequently entered the MS inlet for detection. RESULTS A 1-1.5-mm-wide light-brown line was observed on the TLC plate after the desorption FAPCI/MS (DFAPCI/MS) analysis, revealing that the gel surface withstood a high temperature from the impact of the micro-flame. Volatile and semi-volatile chemical compounds, including amine and amide standards, drugs, and aromatherapy oils, were successfully desorbed, ionized, and detected using this TLC/DFAPCI/MS. The limit of detection of TLC-DFAPCI/MS was determined to be 5 ng/spot for dibenzylamine and ethenzamide. CONCLUSIONS TLC/DFAPCI/MS is one of the simplest TLC-MS interfaces showing the advantages such as low costs and an easy set up. The technique is useful for characterizing thermally stable volatile and semi-volatile compounds in a mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jentaie Shiea
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Rapid Screening Research Center for Toxicology and Biomedicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Yang Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Zong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Chyi Cheng
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ding X, Liu K, Shi Z. LASER DESORPTION/ABLATION POSTIONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: RECENT PROGRESS IN BIOANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:566-605. [PMID: 32770707 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lasers have long been used in the field of mass spectrometric analysis for characterization of condensed matter. However, emission of neutrals upon laser irradiation surpasses the number of ions. Typically, only one in about one million analytes ejected by laser desorption/ablation is ionized, which has fueled the quest for postionization methods enabling ionization of desorbed neutrals to enhance mass spectrometric detection schemes. The development of postionization techniques can be an endeavor that integrates multiple disciplines involving photon energy transfer, electrochemistry, gas discharge, etc. The combination of lasers of different parameters and diverse ion sources has made laser desorption/ablation postionization (LD/API) a growing and lively research community, including two-step laser mass spectrometry, laser ablation atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry, and those coupled to ambient mass spectrometry. These hyphenated techniques have shown potentials in bioanalytical applications, with major inroads to be made in simultaneous location and quantification of pharmaceuticals, toxins, and metabolites in complex biomatrixes. This review is intended to provide a timely comprehensive view of the broadening bioanalytical applications of disparate LD/API techniques. We also have attempted to discuss these applications according to the classifications based on the postionization methods and to encapsulate the latest achievements in the field of LD/API by highlighting some of the very best reports in the 21st century. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Zhenyan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
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He F, Yin J, Wang T, Pu J, Dai J, Zhao Z, Duan Y. Synergetic effect of laser and micro-fabricated glow discharge plasma in a new ion source for ambient mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 225:121847. [PMID: 33592690 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new ambient ionization technique named laser ablation micro-fabricated glow discharge plasma (LA-MFGDP) was developed for mass spectrometry in this study. This technique used low energy laser for sample ablation and ionized sample aerosol with MFGDP in sequence. The combination of laser ablation and MFGDP exhibited a synergetic effect that significantly improved the performance of MFGDP. Experimental results showed that MFGDP dominated the ionization process while laser played the role of desorption in LA-MFGDP. [M+H]+ and M+ proved that proton transfer reactions and charge transfer reactions were involved in the ionization process, respectively, indicating that the ionization character was the same as MFGDP. LA-MFGDP could analyze less volatile samples that were unable to be detected by MFGDP because laser significantly improved the ionization capability of MFGDP. Strong ion signals were obtained by LA-MFGDP with low sample consumption. The limits of detection (LODs) of LA-MFGDP was as low as three orders of magnitude than that of MFGDP, which demonstrated that LA-MFGDP possessed an outstanding advantage in detecting trace substances. LA-MFGDP was successfully applied to detect pharmaceutical tablets without any pretreatment. Benefited from the excellent performance, LA-MFGDP offers great potential in broadening the application of ambient mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyao He
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Jinwei Yin
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Tianzhi Wang
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Juan Pu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Jianxiong Dai
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, PR China
| | - Zhongjun Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China.
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China.
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Yu J, Chen Y, Zhang J, Chen S, Wang Q, Qin Z, Tang Z. Development of a miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometer coupled with an improved substrate-enhanced laser-induced acoustic desorption source (SE-LIAD/TOF-MS). Analyst 2021; 146:4365-4373. [PMID: 34128507 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00696g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel, compact and sensitive SE-LIAD/TOF-MS has been described. It facilitates fast sample preparation, and a full mass spectrum is acquired efficiently and sensitively. More importantly, it features the detection of non-acidic and non-basic or non-polar species, which is not suitable for determination by ESI and MALDI techniques. In this technique, standard samples, carbazole and melamine, are prepared on a Ti foil with a quartz plate attached to the backside of the Ti foil to perform a laser-induced acoustic desorption experiment (SE-LIAD) coupled to TOF-MS for analysis. Enhanced signals are observed with about 5.6 to 13.8 times higher than that obtained in the standard LIAD method, dependent on different ionization techniques. Compared to the EI spectra, the PI spectra for both species show intact and sharp molecular peaks. The limits of detection (LOD) of melamine were evaluated experimentally in the range from ∼2-6 pg (EI/MS mode) to ∼0.3-0.5 ng (VUV-SPI/MS mode). Thus, the method in this study exhibits rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis with good sensitivity, being free of the complex matrix influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yuwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Shanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Qiaolin Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and electronic information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China. and Key Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhengbo Qin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and electronic information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Zichao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Shiea J, Bhat SM, Su H, Kumar V, Lee CW, Wang CH. Rapid quantification of acetaminophen in plasma using solid-phase microextraction coupled with thermal desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 1:e8564. [PMID: 31490602 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Solid-phase microextraction coupled with thermal desorption electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (SPME-TD-ESI-MS/MS) is proposed as a novel method for the rapid quantification of acetaminophen in plasma samples from a pharmacokinetics (PK) study. METHODS Traces of acetaminophen were concentrated on commercial fused-silica fibers coated with a polar polyacrylate (PA) polymer using direct immersion SPME. No agitation, heating, addition of salt, or adjustment of the pH of the sample solution was applied during the extraction. Any acetaminophen absorbed on the SPME fibers was subsequently desorbed and detected by TD-ESI-MS/MS. RESULTS Parameters of the absorption, sensitivity, reproducibility, and linearity for the SPME-TD-ESI-MS/MS method were evaluated. The time required to complete a TD-ESI-MS/MS analysis was less than 30 seconds. Matrix-matching calibration was performed to calculate the concentration of acetaminophen in the sample. A linear calibration curve with a concentration range of 100-10,000 ng/mL was constructed to calculate the quantity of acetaminophen. The SPME-TD-ESI-MS quantification results for acetaminophen in plasma were in good agreement with those obtained by the conventional LC/MS/MS method. CONCLUSIONS With the proposed method, a 10-min SPME time was enough to achieve the lower limit of quantitation (i.e. 100 ng/mL) and for a complete PK profiling of acetaminophen. A shorter extraction time could be achieved by applying agitation, heating, adding salt, or adjusting the pH of the sample solution to enhance analyte absorption efficiency. The time required to detect acetaminophen on the SPME fiber was less than 30 s, allowing the rapid quantification of acetaminophen in plasma with good accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jentaie Shiea
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung Su
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Vinoth Kumar
- Department of Medical and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Lee
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsiung Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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8
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Zhang P, Zhang L, Shi J, Zhang N, Li Y, Wu T, Cheng Z. TLC-electrostatic field induced spray ionization-MS analysis of diverse structural skeletons and its coupling with TLC bioautography for characterization of lipase inhibitory components in American ginseng. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:486-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Simple interface for scanning chemical compounds on developed thin layer chromatography plates using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1049:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Ai W, Nie H, Song S, Liu X, Bai Y, Liu H. A Versatile Integrated Ambient Ionization Source Platform. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1408-1415. [PMID: 29713963 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of high-throughput sample analysis from complex matrix demands development of multiple ionization techniques with complementary specialties. A versatile integrated ambient ionization source (iAmIS) platform is proposed in this work, based on the idea of integrating multiple functions, enhancing the efficiency of current ionization techniques, extending the applications, and decreasing the cost of the instrument. The design of the iAmIS platform combines flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) source/direct analysis in real time (DART), dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI)/low-temperature plasma (LTP), desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), and laser desorption (LD) technique. All individual and combined ionization modes can be easily attained by modulating parameters. In particular, the FAPA/DART&DESI mode can realize the detection of polar and nonpolar compounds at the same time with two different ionization mechanisms: proton transfer and charge transfer. The introduction of LD contributes to the mass spectrometry imaging and the surface-assisted laser desorption (SALDI) under ambient condition. Compared with other individual or multi-mode ion source, the iAmIS platform provides the flexibility of choosing different ionization modes, broadens the scope of the analyte detection, and facilitates the analysis of complex samples. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanpeng Ai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
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Tuneable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy hyphenated to chemically derivatized thin-layer chromatography plates for screening histamine in fish. Food Chem 2017; 230:547-552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Zhang Z, He M, Liu L, Xiong X, Fang X, Xu W. Electro-kinetic assisted electrospray ionization for enhanced complex sample analysis. Talanta 2017; 164:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Rejšek J, Vrkoslav V, Vaikkinen A, Haapala M, Kauppila TJ, Kostiainen R, Cvačka J. Thin-Layer Chromatography/Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry of Lipids. Anal Chem 2016; 88:12279-12286. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rejšek
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo
nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Vrkoslav
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo
nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Anu Vaikkinen
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Haapala
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina J. Kauppila
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Kostiainen
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Josef Cvačka
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo
nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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14
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Yang Y, Deng J. Analysis of pharmaceutical products and herbal medicines using ambient mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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Li Y, Wang J, Zhan L, Wleklinski M, Wang J, Xiong C, Liu H, Zhou Y, Nie Z. The bridge between thin layer chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: The realization of liquid thin layer chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1460:181-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Laser desorption-ion mobility spectrometry as a useful tool for imaging of thin layer chromatography surface. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1459:145-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow combined with laser ablation for direct analysis of compounds separated by thin-layer chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:815-23. [PMID: 26563110 PMCID: PMC4709388 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A thin-layer chromatography-mass spectrometry (TLC-MS) setup for characterization of low molecular weight compounds separated on standard TLC plates has been constructed. This new approach successfully combines TLC separation, laser ablation, and ionization using flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) source. For the laser ablation, a low-priced 445-nm continuous-wave diode laser pointer, with a power of 1 W, was used. The combination of the simple, low-budget laser pointer and the FAPA ion source has made this experimental arrangement broadly available, also for small laboratories. The approach was successfully applied for the characterization of low molecular weight compounds separated on TLC plates, such as a mixture of pyrazole derivatives, alkaloids (nicotine and sparteine), and an extract from a drug tablet consisting of paracetamol, propyphenazone, and caffeine. The laser pointer used was capable of ablating organic compounds without the need of application of any additional substances (matrices, staining, etc.) on the TLC spots. The detection limit of the proposed method was estimated to be 35 ng/cm2 of a pyrazole derivative. Schematic illustration of new TLC-FAPA setup with diode laser ablation ![]()
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18
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Jiang Y, Kang X, Gao D, He A, Guo R, Fan X, Zhai Y, Xia J, Xu Y, Noda I, Wu J. Finding a suitable separation condition for TLC/FTIR analysis by using multiple-narrow-band TLC technique. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13537g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A multiple-narrow-band TLC approach is proposed to find suitable solvent for TLC analysis in a high-throughput manner.
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19
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Cegłowski M, Smoluch M, Babij M, Gotszalk T, Silberring J, Schroeder G. Dielectric barrier discharge ionization in characterization of organic compounds separated on thin-layer chromatography plates. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106088. [PMID: 25170762 PMCID: PMC4149504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method for on-spot detection and characterization of organic compounds resolved on thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates has been proposed. This method combines TLC with dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI), which produces stable low-temperature plasma. At first, the compounds were separated on TLC plates and then their mass spectra were directly obtained with no additional sample preparation. To obtain good quality spectra the center of a particular TLC spot was heated from the bottom to increase volatility of the compound. MS/MS analyses were also performed to additionally characterize all analytes. The detection limit of proposed method was estimated to be 100 ng/spot of compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Cegłowski
- Department of Supramolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Marek Smoluch
- Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Babij
- Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Teodor Gotszalk
- Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Silberring
- Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
- Center for Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Schroeder
- Department of Supramolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
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20
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High-performance thin-layer chromatography screening of multi class antibiotics in animal food by bioluminescent bioautography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1356:249-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Zhu Q, Wu H, Wang F, He A, Huang K, Wei Y, Liu C, Zhai Y, Weng S, Yang Z, Xu Y, Noda I, Wu J. Using Lanthanum Fluoride Fine Particles as Stationary Phase for Thin-Layer Chromatography/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Venter AR, Douglass KA, Shelley JT, Hasman G, Honarvar E. Mechanisms of real-time, proximal sample processing during ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2014; 86:233-249. [PMID: 24308499 DOI: 10.1039/c7ay00948h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A review of ambient ionization mass spectrometry highlighting the central role of sample preparation immediate to and during sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre R Venter
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University , Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5413, United States
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23
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Flanigan P, Levis R. Ambient femtosecond laser vaporization and nanosecond laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2014; 7:229-256. [PMID: 25014343 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071213-020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations of ambient laser-based transfer of molecules into the gas phase for subsequent mass spectral analysis have undergone a renaissance resulting from the separation of vaporization and ionization events. Here, we seek to provide a snapshot of recent femtosecond (fs) duration laser vaporization and nanosecond (ns) duration laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry experiments. The former employs pulse durations of <100 fs to enable matrix-free laser vaporization with little or no fragmentation. When coupled to electrospray ionization, femtosecond laser vaporization provides a universal, rapid mass spectral analysis method requiring no sample workup. Remarkably, laser pulses with intensities exceeding 10(13) W cm(-2) desorb intact macromolecules, such as proteins, and even preserve the condensed phase of folded or unfolded protein structures according to the mass spectral charge state distribution, as demonstrated for cytochrome c and lysozyme. Because of the ability to vaporize and ionize multiple components from complex mixtures for subsequent analysis, near perfect classification of explosive formulations, plant tissue phenotypes, and even the identity of the manufacturer of smokeless powders can be determined by multivariate statistics. We also review the more mature field of nanosecond laser desorption for ambient mass spectrometry, covering the wide range of systems analyzed, the need for resonant absorption, and the spatial imaging of complex systems like tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Flanigan
- Center for Advanced Photonics Research, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122; ,
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24
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Venter AR, Douglass KA, Shelley JT, Hasman G, Honarvar E. Mechanisms of real-time, proximal sample processing during ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 86:233-49. [PMID: 24308499 DOI: 10.1021/ac4038569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre R Venter
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University , Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008-5413, United States
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25
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Ehlert S, Walte A, Zimmermann R. Ambient Pressure Laser Desorption and Laser-Induced Acoustic Desorption Ion Mobility Spectrometry Detection of Explosives. Anal Chem 2013; 85:11047-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402704c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Ehlert
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, University of Rostock, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, University of Rostock, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group “Comprehensive
Molecular Analytics”, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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26
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Zhang DS, Liu W, Li YP, Hu CQ. Establishment and optimization of an HPTLC method for the analysis of gatifloxacin and related substances by design of experiment. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.26.2013.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Surface analysis of lipids by mass spectrometry: more than just imaging. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:329-53. [PMID: 23623802 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is now an indispensable tool for lipid analysis and is arguably the driving force in the renaissance of lipid research. In its various forms, mass spectrometry is uniquely capable of resolving the extensive compositional and structural diversity of lipids in biological systems. Furthermore, it provides the ability to accurately quantify molecular-level changes in lipid populations associated with changes in metabolism and environment; bringing lipid science to the "omics" age. The recent explosion of mass spectrometry-based surface analysis techniques is fuelling further expansion of the lipidomics field. This is evidenced by the numerous papers published on the subject of mass spectrometric imaging of lipids in recent years. While imaging mass spectrometry provides new and exciting possibilities, it is but one of the many opportunities direct surface analysis offers the lipid researcher. In this review we describe the current state-of-the-art in the direct surface analysis of lipids with a focus on tissue sections, intact cells and thin-layer chromatography substrates. The suitability of these different approaches towards analysis of the major lipid classes along with their current and potential applications in the field of lipid analysis are evaluated.
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28
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Nyadong L, Inutan ED, Wang X, Hendrickson CL, Trimpin S, Marshall AG. Laserspray and matrix-assisted ionization inlet coupled to high-field FT-ICR mass spectrometry for peptide and protein analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:320-8. [PMID: 23381687 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present the first coupling of laser spray ionization inlet (LSII) and matrix assisted ionization inlet (MAII) to high-field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) for generation of electrospray-like ions to take advantage of increased sensitivity, mass range, and mass resolving power afforded by multiple charging. We apply the technique to top-down protein analysis and characterization of metalloproteins. We also present a novel method for generation of multiply-charged copper-peptide complexes with varying degrees of copper adduction by LSII. We show an application of the generated copper-peptide complexes for protein charge state and molecular weight determination, particularly useful for an instrument such as a linear ion trap mass analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Nyadong
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
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29
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Monge ME, Harris GA, Dwivedi P, Fernández FM. Mass Spectrometry: Recent Advances in Direct Open Air Surface Sampling/Ionization. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2269-308. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300309q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Monge
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
| | - Glenn A. Harris
- Department
of Biochemistry and
the Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Prabha Dwivedi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
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30
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Ulbricht C, Abrams TR, Brigham A, Ceurvels J, Clubb J, Curtiss W, Kirkwood CD, Giese N, Hoehn K, Iovin R, Isaac R, Rusie E, Serrano JMG, Varghese M, Weissner W, Windsor RC. An evidence-based systematic review of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Diet Suppl 2012; 7:351-413. [PMID: 22432564 DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2010.525049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An evidence-based systematic review of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), including written and statistical analysis of scientific literature, expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.
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31
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Cheng SC, Huang MZ, Wu LC, Chou CC, Cheng CN, Jhang SS, Shiea J. Building blocks for the development of an interface for high-throughput thin layer chromatography/ambient mass spectrometric analysis: a green methodology. Anal Chem 2012; 84:5864-8. [PMID: 22816777 DOI: 10.1021/ac301178w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing thin layer chromatography (TLC) with ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has been an important area of analytical chemistry because of its capability to rapidly separate and characterize the chemical compounds. In this study, we have developed a high-throughput TLC-AMS system using building blocks to deal, deliver, and collect the TLC plate through an electrospray-assisted laser desorption ionization (ELDI) source. This is the first demonstration of the use of building blocks to construct and test the TLC-MS interfacing system. With the advantages of being readily available, cheap, reusable, and extremely easy to modify without consuming any material or reagent, the use of building blocks to develop the TLC-AMS interface is undoubtedly a green methodology. The TLC plate delivery system consists of a storage box, plate dealing component, conveyer, light sensor, and plate collecting box. During a TLC-AMS analysis, the TLC plate was sent to the conveyer from a stack of TLC plates placed in the storage box. As the TLC plate passed through the ELDI source, the chemical compounds separated on the plate would be desorbed by laser desorption and subsequently postionized by electrospray ionization. The samples, including a mixture of synthetic dyes and extracts of pharmaceutical drugs, were analyzed to demonstrate the capability of this TLC-ELDI/MS system for high-throughput analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sy-Chyi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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32
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Zhang J, Zhou Z, Yang J, Zhang W, Bai Y, Liu H. Thin Layer Chromatography/Plasma Assisted Multiwavelength Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Facile Separation and Selective Identification of Low Molecular Weight Compounds. Anal Chem 2012; 84:1496-503. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202732y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhigui Zhou
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jianwang Yang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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33
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Dow AM, Wittrig AR, Kenttämaa HI. Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2012; 18:77-92. [PMID: 22641723 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Large thermally labile molecules were not amenable to mass spectrometric analysis until the development of atmospheric pressure evaporation/ionization methods, such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), since attempts to evaporate these molecules by heating induces degradation of the sample. While ESI and MALDI are relatively soft desorption/ionization techniques, they are both limited to preferential ionization of acidic and basic analytes. This limitation has been the driving force for the development of other soft desorption/ionization techniques. One such method employs laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) to evaporate neutral sample molecules into mass spectrometers. LIAD utilizes acoustic waves generated by a laser pulse in a thin metal foil. The acoustic waves travel through the foil and cause desorption of neutral molecules that have been deposited on the opposite side of the foil. One of the advantages of LIAD is that it desorbs low-energy molecules that can be ionized by a variety of methods, thus allowing the analysis of large molecules that are not amenable to ESI and MALDI. This review covers the generation of acoustic waves in foils via a laser pulse, the parameters affecting the generation of acoustic waves, possible mechanisms for desorption of neutral molecules, as well as the various uses of LIAD by mass spectrometrists. The conditions used to generate acoustic or stress waves in solid materials consist of three regimes: thermal, ablative, and constrained. Each regime is discussed, in addition to the mechanisms that lead to the ablation of the metal from the foil and generation of acoustic waves for two of the regimes. Previously proposed desorption mechanisms for LIAD are presented along with the flaws associated with some of them. Various experimental parameters, such as the exact characteristics of the laser pulse and foil used, are discussed. The internal and kinetic energy of the neutral desorbed molecules are also considered. Our research group has been instrumental in the development and use of LIAD. For example, we have systematically examined the influence of many parameters, such as the type of the foil and its thickness, as well as the analyte layer's thickness, on the efficiency of desorption of neutral molecules. The coupling of LIAD with different instruments and ionization techniques allows for broad use of LIAD in our research laboratories. The most important applications involve analytes that cannot be analyzed by using other mass spectrometric methods, such as large saturated hydrocarbons and heavy hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum. We also use LIAD to characterize lipids, peptides, and oligonucleotides. Fundamental research on the reactions of charged mono-, bi-, and polyradicals with biopolymers, especially oligonucleotides, also requires the use of LIAD, as well as thermochemical measurements for neutral biopolymers. These are but a few of the uses of LIAD in our research group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Dow
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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34
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Huang MZ, Cheng SC, Cho YT, Shiea J. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry: A tutorial. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 702:1-15. [PMID: 21819855 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Harris GA, Galhena AS, Fernández FM. Ambient sampling/ionization mass spectrometry: applications and current trends. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4508-38. [PMID: 21495690 DOI: 10.1021/ac200918u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A Harris
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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36
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Cheng SC, Huang MZ, Shiea J. Thin layer chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2700-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Nyadong L, McKenna AM, Hendrickson CL, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG. Atmospheric pressure laser-induced acoustic desorption chemical ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for the analysis of complex mixtures. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1616-23. [PMID: 21306132 DOI: 10.1021/ac102543s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel nonresonant laser-based matrix-free atmospheric pressure ionization technique, atmospheric pressure laser-induced acoustic desorption chemical ionization (AP/LIAD-CI). The technique decouples analyte desorption from subsequent ionization by reagent ions generated from a corona discharge initiated in ambient air or in the presence of vaporized toluene as a CI dopant at room temperature. Analyte desorption is initiated by a shock wave induced in a titanium foil coated with electrosprayed sample, irradiated from the rear side by high-energy laser pulses. The technique enables facile and independent optimization of the analyte desorption, ionization, and sampling events, for coupling to any mass analyzer with an AP interface. Moreover, the generated analyte ions are efficiently thermalized by collisions with atmospheric gases, thereby reducing fragmentation. We have coupled AP/LIAD-CI to ultrahigh-resolution FT-ICR MS to generate predominantly [M + H](+) or M(+•) ions to resolve and identify thousands of elemental compositions from organic mixtures as complex as petroleum crude oil distillates. Finally, we have optimized the AP/LIAD CI process and investigated ionization mechanisms by systematic variation of placement of the sample, placement of the corona discharge needle, discharge current, gas flow rate, and inclusion of toluene as a dopant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Nyadong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32303, United States
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38
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Huang MZ, Yuan CH, Cheng SC, Cho YT, Shiea J. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2010; 3:43-65. [PMID: 20636033 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.111808.073702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric ionization methods that operate under ambient conditions and require minimal or no sample pretreatment have attracted much attention in such fields as biomedicine, food safety, antiterrorism, pharmaceuticals, and environmental pollution. These technologies usually involve separate ionization and sample-introduction events, allowing independent control over each set of conditions. Ionization is typically performed under ambient conditions through use of existing electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) techniques. Rapid analyses of gas, liquid, and solid samples are possible with the adoption of various sample-introduction methods. This review sorts different ambient ionization techniques into two main subcategories, primarily on the basis of the ionization processes, that are further differentiated in terms of the approach used for sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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