1
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Sudo T, Sagawa M, Adachi S, Kato Y, Nakanishi Y, Nakamura T, Yamashita S, Kamiya H, Okada Y. Understanding Flexdispersion: Structure-Function Relationship Studies of Organic Amphiphilic Ligands. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304324. [PMID: 38654689 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Since inorganic nanoparticles have unique properties that differ from those of bulk materials, their material applications have attracted attention in various fields. In order to utilize inorganic nanoparticles for functional materials, they must be dispersed without agglomeration. Therefore, the surfaces of inorganic nanoparticles are typically modified with organic ligands to improve their dispersibility. Nevertheless, the relationship between the tail group structure in organic ligands and the dispersibility of inorganic nanoparticles in organic solvents remains poorly understood. We previously developed amphiphilic ligands that consist of ethylene glycol chains and alkyl chains to disperse inorganic nanoparticles in a variety of organic solvents. However, the structural requirements for amphiphilic ligands to "flexibly" disperse nanoparticles in less polar to polar solvents are still unclear. Here, we designed and synthesized several phosphonic acid ligands for structure-function relationship studies of flexdispersion. Dynamic light scattering analysis and visible light transmittance measurements revealed that the ratio of alkyl/ethylene glycol chains in organic ligands alone does not determine the dispersibility of the nanoparticles in organic solvents, but the arrangement of the individual chains also has an effect. From a practical application standpoint, it is preferable to design ligands with ethylene glycol chains on the outside relative to the particle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Sudo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sagawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Sota Adachi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakanishi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nakamura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamashita
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kamiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
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2
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Elishav O, Blumer O, Vanderlick TK, Hirshberg B. The effect of ligands on the size distribution of copper nanoclusters: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:164301. [PMID: 38647299 DOI: 10.1063/5.0202432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlling the size distribution in the nucleation of copper particles is crucial for achieving nanocrystals with desired physical and chemical properties. However, their synthesis involves a complex system of solvents, ligands, and copper precursors with intertwining effects on the size of the nanoclusters. We combine molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations to provide insights into the nucleation mechanism in the presence of a triphenyl phosphite ligand. We identify the crucial role of the strength of the metal-phosphine interaction in inhibiting the cluster's growth. We demonstrate computationally several practical routes to fine-tune the interaction strength by modifying the side groups of the additive. Our work provides molecular insights into the complex nucleation process of protected copper nanocrystals, which can assist in controlling their size distribution and, eventually, their morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Elishav
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ofir Blumer
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - T Kyle Vanderlick
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Barak Hirshberg
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Ratner Center for Single Molecule Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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3
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Oddo AM, Arnold M, Yang P. The surface chemistry of colloidal lead halide perovskite nanowires. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144701. [PMID: 38587226 DOI: 10.1063/5.0202609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explored the interplay between the ligand-surface chemistry of colloidal CsPbBr3 nanowires (NWs) and their optical properties. The ligand equilibrium was probed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and by perturbing the equilibrium via dilution, the gradual removal of ligands from the CsPbBr3 surface was observed. This removal was correlated with an increase in the surface defect density, as suggested by a broadening of the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, a decrease in the PL quantum yield (PLQY), and quenching of the PL decay. These results highlight similar surface binding between the traditional CsPbBr3 quantum dots and our NWs, thereby expanding the scope of well-established ligand chemistry to a relatively unexplored nanocrystal morphology. By controlling the dilution factor, it was revealed that CsPbBr3 NWs achieve a PLQY of 72% ± 2% and a relatively long average PL lifetime of 400 ± 10 ns, without relying on additional surface passivation techniques, such as ligand exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Oddo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Marcel Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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4
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Feld LG, Boehme SC, Morad V, Sahin Y, Kaul CJ, Dirin DN, Rainò G, Kovalenko MV. Quantifying Förster Resonance Energy Transfer from Single Perovskite Quantum Dots to Organic Dyes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9997-10007. [PMID: 38547379 PMCID: PMC11008358 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are promising regenerable photoredox catalysts offering broadly tunable redox potentials along with high absorption coefficients. QDs have thus far been examined for various organic transformations, water splitting, and CO2 reduction. Vast opportunities emerge from coupling QDs with other homogeneous catalysts, such as transition metal complexes or organic dyes, into hybrid nanoassemblies exploiting energy transfer (ET), leveraging a large absorption cross-section of QDs and long-lived triplet states of cocatalysts. However, a thorough understanding and further engineering of the complex operational mechanisms of hybrid nanoassemblies require simultaneously controlling the surface chemistry of the QDs and probing dynamics at sufficient spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we probe the ET from single lead halide perovskite QDs, capped by alkylphospholipid ligands, to organic dye molecules employing single-particle photoluminescence spectroscopy with single-photon resolution. We identify a Förster-type ET by spatial, temporal, and photon-photon correlations in the QD and dye emission. Discrete quenching steps in the acceptor emission reveal stochastic photobleaching events of individual organic dyes, allowing a precise quantification of the transfer efficiency, which is >70% for QD-dye complexes with strong donor-acceptor spectral overlap. Our work explores the processes occurring at the QD/molecule interface and demonstrates the feasibility of sensitizing organic photocatalysts with QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G. Feld
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon C. Boehme
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Viktoriia Morad
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yesim Sahin
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph J. Kaul
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N. Dirin
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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Chen S, Al-Hilfi SH, Chen G, Zhang H, Zheng W, Virgilio LD, Geuchies JJ, Wang J, Feng X, Riedinger A, Bonn M, Wang HI. Tuning the Inter-Nanoplatelet Distance and Coupling Strength by Thermally Induced Ligand Decomposition. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308951. [PMID: 38010120 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) are promising 2D semiconductors for optoelectronic applications, in which efficient charge transport properties are desirable. It is reported that thermal annealing constitutes an effective strategy to control the optical absorption and electrical properties of CdSe NPLs by tuning the inter-NPL distance. Combining optical absorption, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, it is revealed that the thermal decomposition of ligands (e.g., cadmium myristate) governs the inter-NPL distance and thus the inter-NPL electronic coupling strength. Employing ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy, it is shown that this enhanced electronic coupling increases both the free carrier generation efficiency and the short-range mobility in NPL solids. The results show a straightforward method of controlling the interfacial electronic coupling strength for developing functional optoelectronic devices through thermal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Samir H Al-Hilfi
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Guangbo Chen
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heng Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucia Di Virgilio
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jaco J Geuchies
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Junren Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Riedinger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Nanophotonics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, Utrecht, 3584 CC, The Netherlands
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6
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Amador-Sánchez YA, Vargas B, Romero-Ibarra JE, Mendoza-Cruz R, Ramos E, Solis-Ibarra D. Surfactant-tail control of CsPbBr 3 nanocrystal morphology. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:472-478. [PMID: 38240821 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00409k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) are promising optoelectronic and catalytic materials. Manipulating their morphology can improve their properties and stability. In this work, an alkene-derived zwitterionic ligand was used to control the morphology of CsPbBr3 NCs to yield the highly unusual rhombicuboctahedron morphology, showcasing the first example of a surfactant-tail controlled growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoarhy A Amador-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Brenda Vargas
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Josué E Romero-Ibarra
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rubén Mendoza-Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Estrella Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Diego Solis-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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7
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Cao W, Yakimov A, Qian X, Li J, Peng X, Kong X, Copéret C. Surface Sites and Ligation in Amine-capped CdSe Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312713. [PMID: 37869935 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Converting colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) into devices for various applications is facilitated by designing and controlling their surface properties. One key strategy for tailoring surface properties is thus to choose tailored surface ligands. In that context, amines have been universally used, with the goal to improve NCs synthesis, processing and performances. However, understanding the nature of surface sites in amine-capped NCs remains challenging, due to the complex surface compositions as well as surface ligands dynamic. Here, we investigate both surface sites and amine ligation in CdSe NCs by combining advanced NMR spectroscopy and computational modelling. Notably, dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced 113 Cd and 77 Se 1D NMR helps to identify both bulk and surface sites of NCs, while 113 Cd 2D NMR spectroscopy enables to resolve amines terminated sites on both Se-rich and nonpolar surfaces. In addition to directly bonding to surface sites, amines are shown to also interact through hydrogen-bonding with absorbed water as revealed by 15 N NMR, augmented with computations. The characterization methodology developed for this work provides unique molecular-level insight into the surface sites of a range of amine-capped CdSe NCs, and paves the way to identify structure-function relationships and rational approaches towards colloidal NCs with tailored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Alexander Yakimov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xudong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiongzhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xueqian Kong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Kwon YH, Joh YA, Leonard BM, Balaz M, Varga K. Threonine functionalized colloidal cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots: The role of solvent and counterion in ligand induced chiroptical properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 642:771-778. [PMID: 37037081 PMCID: PMC10164713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of semiconductor nanocrystals, quantum dots (QDs), with small organic molecules has been studied extensively to gain better knowledge on how to tune the electronic, optical and chiroptical properties of QDs. Chiral QDs have progressively emerged as key materials in a vast range of applications including biosensing and biorecognition, imaging, asymmetric catalysis, optoelectronic devices, and spintronics. To engage the full potential of the unique properties of chiral nanomaterials and be able to prepare them with tailorable chiroptical characteristics, it is essential to understand how chirality is rendered from chiral molecular ligands at the surface of nanocrystals to the electronic states of QDs. Using a series of polar protic and aprotic solvents together with ammonium (NH4+), tetramethylammonium (TMA+), and tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) countercations in the preparation of threonine-functionalized cadmium sulfide (Thr-CdS) QDs by phase transfer ligand exchange approach, we demonstrated the significance of the role both the solvent and the countercations play in the transfer of chirality from chiral molecular ligand to achiral semiconductor QDs as apparent by the modulations of the signatures and anisotropy of the circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Moreover, we have utilized tetrabutylammonium countercation to successfully synthesize chiral QDs in nonpolar cyclohexane solvent for the first time. This study provides further insights into the origin of the ligand induced chirality of colloidal nanomaterials and facilitates the synthesis of tailormade chiral QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri H Kwon
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Yoonbin A Joh
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, United States
| | - Brian M Leonard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, United States
| | - Milan Balaz
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Krisztina Varga
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, United States.
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9
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Cosseddu S, Pascazio R, Giansante C, Manna L, Infante I. Ligand dynamics on the surface of CdSe nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7410-7419. [PMID: 36976580 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06681e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis protocols of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) comprise the coordination of the semiconductive inorganic core by a layer of organic ligands, which play a crucial role in stabilizing the NCs in organic solvents. Understanding the distribution, binding and mobility of ligands on the different NC facets is key to prevent the formation of surface defects and to optimize the overall optoelectronic efficiency of these materials. In this paper, we employed classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to shed light on the plausible locations, binding modes and mobilities of carboxylate ligands on the different facets of CdSe nanocrystals. Our results suggest that these features are influenced by the temperature of the system and the coordination number of the surface (Cd and Se) atoms. High ligand mobilities and structural rearrangements are linked to a low coordination of the Cd atoms. Undercoordinated Se atoms, which are considered the culprit of hole trap states in the bandgap of the material, are instead found to spontaneously form on the nanosecond timescale, making them likely candidates for an efficient photoluminescence quenching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cosseddu
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Pascazio
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Carlo Giansante
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Nanotecnologia CNR-NANOTEC, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Ivan Infante
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain.
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48009, Spain
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10
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Lee K, Deng G, Bootharaju MS, Hyeon T. Synthesis, Assembly, and Applications of Magic-Sized Semiconductor (CdSe) 13 Cluster. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:1118-1127. [PMID: 37079799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusAtomically precise metal chalcogenide clusters (MCCs) are model molecular compounds of scientifically and technologically important semiconductor nanocrystals, which are known as quantum dots (QDs). The significantly high ambient stability of MCCs of particular sizes, as compared to that of slightly smaller or larger sizes, made them be termed "magic-sized clusters" (MSCs). In other words, MSCs with specific sizes between sizes of precursors (typically, metal-ligand complexes) and nanocrystals (typically, QDs) appear sequentially during the colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals, while the other cluster species decompose to precursor monomers or are consumed during the growth of the nanocrystals. Unlike nanocrystals with an ambiguous atomic-level structure and a substantial size distribution, MSCs possess atomically monodisperse size, composition, and distinct atomic arrangement. Chemical synthesis and exploration of properties of MSCs are of great significance since they help systematically understand the evolution of fundamental properties as well as build structure-activity relationships at distinct molecular levels. Furthermore, MSCs are anticipated to offer atomic-level insights into the growth mechanism of the semiconductor nanocrystals, which is highly desirable in the design of advanced materials with new functions. In this Account, we cover our recent efforts in the advancement of one of the most important stoichiometric CdSe MSCs, (CdSe)13. In particular, we present its molecular structure derived from a single crystal X-ray crystallographic study of the closest MSC, Cd14Se13. The crystal structure of MSC enables not only the understanding of the electronic structure and prediction of the potential sites for heteroatom dopants (e.g., Mn2+ and Co2+) but also the identification of favorable synthetic conditions for the selective synthesis of desired MSCs. Next, we focus on enhancing the photoluminescence quantum yield and stability of Mn2+ doped (CdSe)13 MSCs through their self-assembly, which is facilitated by the rigid diamines. In addition, we show how atomic-level synergistic effects and functional groups of the assemblies of alloy MSCs can be utilized for a highly enhanced catalytic CO2 fixation with epoxides. Benefiting from the intermediate stability, the MSCs are explored as single-source precursors to low-dimensional nanostructures, such as nanoribbons and nanoplatelets, through the controlled transformation. Distinct differences in the outcome of the solid-state and colloidal-state conversion of MSCs suggest the need for careful consideration of the phase and reactivity of MSCs as well as the type of dopant to achieve novel structured multicomponent semiconductors. Finally, we summarize the Account and provide future perspectives on the fundamental and applied scientific research of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjae Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Guocheng Deng
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Megalamane S Bootharaju
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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11
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Jia H, Zhang YF, Zhang C, Ouyang M, Du S. Ligand-Ligand-Interaction-Dominated Self-Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles at the Oil/Water Interface: An Atomic-Scale Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2258-2266. [PMID: 36864775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) into ordered superlattices is a powerful strategy to fabricate functional nanomaterials. Subtle variations in the interactions between NPs will influence the self-assembled superlattices. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we explore the self-assembly of 16 gold NPs, 4 nm in diameter, capped with ligands at the oil-water interface, and quantify the interactions between NPs at the atomic scale. We demonstrate that the interaction between capping ligands rather than that between NPs is dominant during the assembly process. For dodecanethiol (DDT)-capped Au NPs, the assembled superlattice is highly ordered in a close-packed configuration at a slow evaporation rate, while it is disordered at a fast evaporation rate. When replacing the capping ligands with stronger polarization than DDT molecules, the NPs form a robust ordered configuration at different evaporation rates due to the stronger electrostatic attraction between capping ligands from different NPs. Moreover, Au-Ag binary clusters exhibit similar assembly behavior with Au NPs. Our work uncovers the nonequilibrium nature of NP assembly at the atomic scale and would be helpful in rationally controlling NPs superlattice by changing passivating ligands, solvent evaporation rate, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Jia
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan-Fang Zhang
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Min Ouyang
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shixuan Du
- Institute of Physics and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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12
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Cuadra L, Salcedo-Sanz S, Nieto-Borge JC. Carrier Transport in Colloidal Quantum Dot Intermediate Band Solar Cell Materials Using Network Science. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3797. [PMID: 36835214 PMCID: PMC9960920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have been proposed to obtain intermediate band (IB) materials. The IB solar cell can absorb sub-band-gap photons via an isolated IB within the gap, generating extra electron-hole pairs that increase the current without degrading the voltage, as has been demonstrated experimentally for real cells. In this paper, we model the electron hopping transport (HT) as a network embedded in space and energy so that a node represents the first excited electron state localized in a CQD while a link encodes the Miller-Abrahams (MA) hopping rate for the electron to hop from one node (=state) to another, forming an "electron-HT network". Similarly, we model the hole-HT system as a network so that a node encodes the first hole state localized in a CQD while a link represents the MA hopping rate for the hole to hop between nodes, leading to a "hole-HT network". The associated network Laplacian matrices allow for studying carrier dynamics in both networks. Our simulations suggest that reducing both the carrier effective mass in the ligand and the inter-dot distance increases HT efficiency. We have found a design constraint: It is necessary for the average barrier height to be larger than the energetic disorder to not degrade intra-band absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cuadra
- Department of Signal Processing and Communications, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sancho Salcedo-Sanz
- Department of Signal Processing and Communications, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Busatto S, Spallacci C, Meeldijk JD, Howes S, de Mello Donega C. Room-Temperature Interconversion Between Ultrathin CdTe Magic-Size Nanowires Induced by Ligand Shell Dynamics. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:15280-15297. [PMID: 36147520 PMCID: PMC9483966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The formation mechanisms of colloidal magic-size semiconductor nanostructures have remained obscure. Herein, we report the room temperature synthesis of three species of ultrathin CdTe magic-size nanowires (MSNWs) with diameters of 0.7 ± 0.1 nm, 0.9 ± 0.2 nm, and 1.1 ± 0.2 nm, and lowest energy exciton transitions at 373, 418, and 450 nm, respectively. The MSNWs are obtained from Cd(oleate)2 and TOP-Te, provided diphenylphosphine and a primary alkylamine (RNH2) are present at sufficiently high concentrations, and exhibit sequential, discontinuous growth. The population of each MSNW species is entirely determined by the RNH2 concentration [RNH2] so that single species are only obtained at specific concentrations, while mixtures are obtained at concentrations intermediate between the specific ones. Moreover, the MSNWs remain responsive to [RNH2], interconverting from thinner to thicker upon [RNH2] decrease and from thicker to thinner upon [RNH2] increase. Our results allow us to propose a mechanism for the formation and interconversion of CdTe MSNWs and demonstrate that primary alkylamines play crucial roles in all four elementary kinetic steps (viz., monomer formation, nucleation, growth in length, and interconversion between species), thus being the decisive element in the creation of a reaction pathway that leads exclusively to CdTe MSNWs. The insights provided by our work thus contribute toward unravelling the mechanisms behind the formation of shape-controlled and atomically precise magic-size semiconductor nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Busatto
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Spallacci
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes D. Meeldijk
- Materials
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart Howes
- Structural
Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Yamashita S, Sudo T, Kamiya H, Okada Y. Colloidal Stability of TiO
2
Nanoparticles: The Roles of Phosphonate Ligand Length and Solution Temperature. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201560. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Yamashita
- Department of Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sudo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kamiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
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15
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Ballabio M, Cánovas E. Electron Transfer at Quantum Dot–Metal Oxide Interfaces for Solar Energy Conversion. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2022; 2:367-395. [PMID: 36281255 PMCID: PMC9585894 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.2c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Electron transfer
at a donor–acceptor quantum dot–metal
oxide interface is a process fundamentally relevant to solar energy
conversion architectures as, e.g., sensitized solar cells and solar
fuels schemes. As kinetic competition at these technologically relevant
interfaces largely determines device performance, this Review surveys
several aspects linking electron transfer dynamics and device efficiency;
this correlation is done for systems aiming for efficiencies up to
and above the ∼33% efficiency limit set by Shockley and Queisser
for single gap devices. Furthermore, we critically comment on common
pitfalls associated with the interpretation of kinetic data obtained
from current methodologies and experimental approaches, and finally,
we highlight works that, to our judgment, have contributed to a better
understanding of the fundamentals governing electron transfer at quantum
dot–metal oxide interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ballabio
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Cánovas
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Parvizian M, Duràn Balsa A, Pokratath R, Kalha C, Lee S, Van den Eynden D, Ibáñez M, Regoutz A, De Roo J. The Chemistry of Cu 3 N and Cu 3 PdN Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207013. [PMID: 35612297 PMCID: PMC9400990 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The precursor conversion chemistry and surface chemistry of Cu3 N and Cu3 PdN nanocrystals are unknown or contested. Here, we first obtain phase-pure, colloidally stable nanocubes. Second, we elucidate the pathway by which copper(II) nitrate and oleylamine form Cu3 N. We find that oleylamine is both a reductant and a nitrogen source. Oleylamine is oxidized by nitrate to a primary aldimine, which reacts further with excess oleylamine to a secondary aldimine, eliminating ammonia. Ammonia reacts with CuI to form Cu3 N. Third, we investigated the surface chemistry and find a mixed ligand shell of aliphatic amines and carboxylates (formed in situ). While the carboxylates appear tightly bound, the amines are easily desorbed from the surface. Finally, we show that doping with palladium decreases the band gap and the material becomes semi-metallic. These results bring insight into the chemistry of metal nitrides and might help the development of other metal nitride nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Parvizian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Rohan Pokratath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Curran Kalha
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Seungho Lee
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Maria Ibáñez
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Anna Regoutz
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Jonathan De Roo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
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17
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Parvizian M, Balsa AD, Pokratath R, Kalha C, Lee S, Van den Eynden D, Ibáñez M, Regoutz A, De Roo J. The chemistry of Cu3N and Cu3PdN nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Curran Kalha
- University College London chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Seungho Lee
- IST Austria: Institute of Science and Technology Austria chemistry AUSTRIA
| | | | - Maria Ibáñez
- IST Austria: Institute of Science and Technology Austria chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Anna Regoutz
- University College London chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Jonathan De Roo
- University of Basel: Universitat Basel Chemistry Mattenstrasse 24aBioPark Rosenthal 1096 4058 Basel SWITZERLAND
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18
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Deblock L, Goossens E, Pokratath R, De Buysser K, De Roo J. Mapping out the Aqueous Surface Chemistry of Metal Oxide Nanocrystals: Carboxylate, Phosphonate, and Catecholate Ligands. JACS AU 2022; 2:711-722. [PMID: 35373200 PMCID: PMC8969999 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide and hafnium oxide nanocrystals are two of the few successful examples of inorganic nanocrystals used in a clinical setting. Although crucial to their application, their aqueous surface chemistry is not fully understood. The literature contains conflicting reports regarding the optimum binding group. To alleviate these inconsistencies, we set out to systematically investigate the interaction of carboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, and catechols to metal oxide nanocrystals in polar media. Using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering, we map out the pH-dependent binding affinity of the ligands toward hafnium oxide nanocrystals (an NMR-compatible model system). Carboxylic acids easily desorb in water from the surface and only provide limited colloidal stability from pH 2 to pH 6. Phosphonic acids, on the other hand, provide colloidal stability over a broader pH range but also feature a pH-dependent desorption from the surface. They are most suited for acidic to neutral environments (pH <8). Finally, nitrocatechol derivatives provide a tightly bound ligand shell and colloidal stability at physiological and basic pH (6-10). Whereas dynamically bound ligands (carboxylates and phosphonates) do not provide colloidal stability in phosphate-buffered saline, the tightly bound nitrocatechols provide long-term stability. We thus shed light on the complex ligand binding dynamics on metal oxide nanocrystals in aqueous environments. Finally, we provide a practical colloidal stability map, guiding researchers to rationally design ligands for their desired application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Deblock
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eline Goossens
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rohan Pokratath
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jonathan De Roo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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19
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Elimelech O, Aviv O, Oded M, Peng X, Harries D, Banin U. Entropy of Branching Out: Linear versus Branched Alkylthiols Ligands on CdSe Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4308-4321. [PMID: 35157440 PMCID: PMC8945696 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Surface ligands of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) play key roles in determining their colloidal stability and physicochemical properties and are thus enablers also for the NCs flexible manipulation toward numerous applications. Attention is usually paid to the ligand binding group, while the impact of the ligand chain backbone structure is less discussed. Using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), we studied the effect of structural changes in the ligand chain on the thermodynamics of the exchange reaction for oleate coated CdSe NCs, comparing linear and branched alkylthiols. The investigated alkylthiol ligands differed in their backbone length, branching position, and branching group length. Compared to linear ligands, lower exothermicity and entropy loss were observed for an exchange with branched ligands, due to steric hindrance in ligand packing, thereby justifying their previous classification as "entropic ligands". Mean-field calculations for ligand binding demonstrate the contribution to the overall entropy originating from ligand conformational entropy, which is diminished upon binding mainly by packing of NC-bound ligands. Model calculations and the experimental ITC data both point to an interplay between the branching position and the backbone length in determining the entropic nature of the branched ligand. Our findings suggest that the most entropic ligand should be a short, branched ligand with short branching group located toward the middle of the ligand chain. The insights provided by this work also contribute to a future smarter NC surface design, which is an essential tool for their implementation in diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orian Elimelech
- The
Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Omer Aviv
- The
Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Meirav Oded
- The
Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Daniel Harries
- The
Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The
Fritz Haber Center, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Uri Banin
- The
Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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20
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Zaccaria F, Zhang B, Goldoni L, Imran M, Zito J, van Beek B, Lauciello S, De Trizio L, Manna L, Infante I. The Reactivity of CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals toward Acid/Base Ligands. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1444-1455. [PMID: 35005882 PMCID: PMC8793808 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals with charged ligands, such as salts, zwitterions, or acid-base pairs, has been extensively documented over the past few years. On the other hand, little is known about the reactivity of perovskite nanocrystals toward neutral ligands. To fill this gap, in this work we study the interaction of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals passivated with didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDABr) toward a series of exogenous acid/base ligands using a combined computational and experimental approach. Our analysis indicates that DDABr-capped nanocrystals are inert toward most ligands, except for carboxylic, phosphonic, and sulfonic acids. In agreement with the calculations, our experimental results indicate that the higher the acidity of the ligands employed in the treatment, the more etching is observed. In detail, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (pKa = -1.8) is found to etch the nanocrystals, causing their complete degradation. On the other hand, oleic and oleylphosphonic acids (pKa 9.9 and 2, respectively) interact with surface-bound DDA molecules, causing their displacement as DDABr in various amounts, which can be as high as 40% (achieved with oleylphosphonic acid). Despite the stripping of DDA ligands, the optical properties of the nanocrystals, as well as structure and morphology, remain substantially unaffected, empirically demonstrating the defect tolerance characterizing such materials. Our study provides not only a clear overview on the interaction between perovskite nanocrystals and neutral ligands but also presents an effective ligand stripping strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Zaccaria
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Baowei Zhang
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Goldoni
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Juliette Zito
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Bas van Beek
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Lauciello
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca De Trizio
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Ivan Infante
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Analytical Chemistry Lab, and Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Greytak AB, Abiodun SL, Burrell JM, Cook EN, Jayaweera NP, Islam MM, Shaker AE. Thermodynamics of nanocrystal–ligand binding through isothermal titration calorimetry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13037-13058. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Manipulations of nanocrystal (NC) surfaces have propelled the applications of colloidal NCs across various fields such as bioimaging, catalysis, electronics, and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Greytak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Sakiru L. Abiodun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Jennii M. Burrell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Emily N. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Nuwanthaka P. Jayaweera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Md Moinul Islam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Abdulla E Shaker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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22
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Imran M, Mai BT, Goldoni L, Cirignano M, Jalali HB, Di Stasio F, Pellegrino T, Manna L. Switchable Anion Exchange in Polymer-Encapsulated APbX 3 Nanocrystals Delivers Stable All-Perovskite White Emitters. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021; 6:2844-2853. [PMID: 34423129 PMCID: PMC8369489 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a one-step synthesis of halide perovskite nanocrystals embedded in amphiphilic polymer (poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(styrene), PAA-b-PS) micelles, based on injecting a dimethylformamide solution of PAA-b-PS, PbBr2, ABr (A = Cs, formamidinium, or both) and "additive" molecules in toluene. These bifunctional or trifunctional short chain organic molecules improve the nanocrystal-polymer compatibility, increasing the nanocrystal stability against polar solvents and high flux irradiation (the nanocrystals retain almost 80% of their photoluminescence after 1 h of 3.2 w/cm2 irradiation). If the nanocrystals are suspended in toluene, the coil state of the polymer allows the nanocrystals to undergo halide exchange, enabling emission color tunability. If the nanocrystals are suspended in methanol, or dried as powders, the polymer is in the globule state, and they are inert to halide exchange. By mixing three primary colors we could prepare stable, multicolor emissive samples (for example, white emitting powders) and a UV-to-white color converting layer for light-emitting diodes entirely made of perovskite nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Binh T. Mai
- Nanomaterials
for Biomedical Applications, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Goldoni
- Analytical
Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Matilde Cirignano
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Universitàdegli
Studi di Genova, Via
Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Houman Bahmani Jalali
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Stasio
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Teresa Pellegrino
- Nanomaterials
for Biomedical Applications, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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23
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Stelmakh A, Aebli M, Baumketner A, Kovalenko MV. On the Mechanism of Alkylammonium Ligands Binding to the Surface of CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:5962-5973. [PMID: 34393361 PMCID: PMC8359008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) suffer from instabilities caused by the dynamic and labile nature of both the inorganic core and the organic-inorganic interface. Surface ligand engineering thus remains an imminent research topic. In this study, classical molecular dynamics simulations with an explicit solvent are used to gain insights into the inherent binding properties of three different alkylammonium ligands-primary dodecylammonium (DA), secondary didodecylammonium (DDA), and quaternary dimethyldi- dodecylammonium (DMDDA). Our simulations uncover three main factors that govern the effective ligand-substrate interactions: (i) the ability of the head-group to penetrate into the binding pocket, (ii) the strength of head-group interactions with the polar solvent, and (iii) the higher barrier for ligand adsorption/desorption in the case of multiple alkyl chains. The interplay between these factors causes the following order of the binding free energies: DDA < DA ≈ DMDDA, while surface capping with DDA and DMDDA ligands is additionally stabilized by the kinetic barrier. These findings are in agreement with previous experimental observations and with the results of presented ligand-exchange experiments, wherein DDA is found to loosely bind to the CsPbBr3 surface, while DMDDA capping is more stable than capping with the primary oleylammonium ligand. The presented mechanistic understanding of the ligand-NC interactions will aid in the design of cationic ligands that make perovskite NC surfaces more robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Stelmakh
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa—Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Aebli
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa—Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Andrij Baumketner
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 1 Svientsitsky, Lviv 79011, Ukraine
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa—Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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