1
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Ma N, Wang S, Liu M, Zhu H, Liu Q, Kong J, Zhang T. Controllable radical polymerization of TEMPO redox for stable and sensitive enzyme electrode interface. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 259:116417. [PMID: 38795496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Assembling functional molecules on the surface of an enzyme electrode is the most basic technique for constructing a biosensor. However, precise control of electron transfer interface or electron mediator on the electrode surface remains a challenge, which is a key step that affects the stability and sensitivity of enzyme-based biosensors. In this study, we propose the use of controllable free radical polymerization to grow stable 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) polymer as electron mediator on enzyme surface for the first time. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, electrode surface coverage measurement, static contact angle (SCA), and a series of electrochemical methods, it has been demonstrated that the TEMPO-based enzyme electrode exhibits a uniform hydrophilic morphology and stable electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the results show that the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity for detecting glucose biomolecules in artificial sweat and serum. Attributing to the quantitative and controllable radical polymerization of TEMPO redox assembled enzyme electrode surface, the as-proposed biosensor providing a use, storage, and inter-batch sensing stability, providing a vital platform for wearable/implantable biochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- I-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, PR China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- I-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- I-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Hao Zhu
- I-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Qianzuo Liu
- I-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, PR China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- I-Lab, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Nano-X Vacuum Interconnected Workstation, Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
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2
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Szczepaniak G, Kapil K, Adida S, Kim K, Lin TC, Yilmaz G, Murata H, Matyjaszewski K. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Well-Defined Multiblock Copolymers by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22247-22256. [PMID: 39079042 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Solid-phase polymer synthesis, historically rooted in peptide synthesis, has evolved into a powerful method for achieving sequence-controlled macromolecules. This study explores solid-phase polymer synthesis by covalently immobilizing growing polymer chains onto a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based resin, known as ChemMatrix (CM) resin. In contrast to traditional hydrophobic supports, CM resin's amphiphilic properties enable swelling in both polar and nonpolar solvents, simplifying filtration, washing, and drying processes. Combining atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with solid-phase techniques allowed for the grafting of well-defined block copolymers in high yields. This approach is attractive for sequence-controlled polymer synthesis, successfully synthesizing di-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-block copolymers with excellent control over the molecular weight and dispersity. The study also delves into the limitations of achieving high molecular weights due to confinement within resin pores. Moreover, the versatility of the method is demonstrated through its applicability to various monomers in organic and aqueous media. This straightforward approach offers a rapid route to developing tailored block copolymers with unique structures and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kriti Kapil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Samuel Adida
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Khidong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Ting-Chih Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gorkem Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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3
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Wang F, Guo Y, Huang F, Han S, Zhang W. A Minimalist Method for Fully Oxygen-Tolerant RAFT Polymerization through Sulfur-Centered Trithiocarbonate Radical Initiation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400206. [PMID: 39101672 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the fully oxygen-tolerant reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) has become a highly researched area. In this contribution, a new and minimalist method is successfully employed to accomplish fully oxygen-tolerant reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using bis(trithiocarbonate) disulfides (BisTTC) as an iniferter agent, where the released sulfur-centered trithiocarbonate (TTC) radical can initiate monomer. Furthermore, polymerization kinetics revealed the typical "living" features of this polymerization system. More importantly, by high-throughput screening, it is found that dodecyl-substituted TTC is responsible for the fully oxygen-tolerant RAFT polymerization though trithiocarbonate radical initiation and R radical deoxygenation. It is believed that trithiocarbonate radical initiation strategy provides a powerful and minimalist tool for fully oxygen-tolerant RDRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Fubang Huang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Han
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Frontier Material Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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4
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Miao M, Guo L, Xue J, Jia Y, Cui Z, Yang H. A controllable Y-shaped DNA structure assisted aptasensor for the simultaneous detection of AFB 1 and OTA based on ARGET ATRP. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5861-5868. [PMID: 38775046 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The development of a simple, rapid, and sensitive technology for the simultaneous detection of mycotoxins is of great significance in ensuring the safety of foods and drugs. Herein, a fluorescence aptasensor with high sensitivity and reproducibility for the simultaneous detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) was developed. In this sensing system, AFB1 and OTA aptamers were co-immobilized on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs) to form a Y-shaped structure through the principle of complementary base pairing, and were used as recognition probes to specifically capture the target. Activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) was used as a signal amplification strategy to improve the sensitivity. The initiator modified at the end of an antibody initiates the ARGET ATRP reaction. Different fluorescence signals were designed to achieve the simultaneous detection of OTA and AFB1 with limits of 426.18 and 79.55 fg mL-1 for AFB1 and OTA, respectively. In addition, experiments were conducted on three types of samples, and the recoveries of the two mycotoxins ranged from 87.30% to 109.50%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 0.50% to 4.92% under reproducible conditions. The results suggest that the developed aptasensor is sufficient to meet the different regulatory requirements of the two mycotoxins in food and drug safety and shows great potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsan Miao
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Guo
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinyan Xue
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuzhen Jia
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenzhen Cui
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huaixia Yang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Zhao P, Klein J. Lubricating Polymer Gels/Coatings: Syntheses and Measurement Strategies. Gels 2024; 10:407. [PMID: 38920953 PMCID: PMC11202676 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Straightforward design and long-term functionality for tribological considerations has prompted an extensive substitution of polymers for metals across various applications, from industrial machinery to medical devices. Lubrication of and by polymer gels/coatings, essential for ensuring the cost-effective operation and reliability of applications, has gained strong momentum by benefiting from the structural characteristics of natural lubrication systems (such as articular cartilage). The optimal synthetic strategy for lubricating polymer gels/coatings would be a holistic approach, wherein the lubrication mechanism in relation to the structural properties offers a pathway to design tailor-made materials. This review considers recent synthesis strategies for creating lubricating polymer gels/coatings from the molecular level (including polymer brushes, loops, microgels, and hydrogels), and assessing their frictional properties, as well as considering the underlying mechanism of their lubrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhao
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jacob Klein
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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6
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Jeon W, Kwon Y, Kwon MS. Highly efficient dual photoredox/copper catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization achieved through mechanism-driven photocatalyst design. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5160. [PMID: 38886349 PMCID: PMC11183263 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with dual photoredox/copper catalysis combines the advantages of photo-ATRP and photoredox-mediated ATRP, utilizing visible light and ensuring broad monomer scope and solvent compatibility while minimizing side reactions. Despite its popularity, challenges include high photocatalyst (PC) loadings (10 to 1000 ppm), requiring additional purification and increasing costs. In this study, we discover a PC that functions at the sub-ppm level for ATRP through mechanism-driven PC design. Through studying polymerization mechanisms, we find that the efficient polymerizations are driven by PCs whose ground state oxidation potential-responsible for PC regeneration-play a more important role than their excited state reducing power, responsible for initiation. This is verified by screening PCs with varying redox potentials and triplet excited state generation capabilities. Based on these findings, we identify a highly efficient PC, 4DCDP-IPN, featuring moderate excited state reducing power and a maximized ground state oxidation potential. Employing this PC at 50 ppb, we synthesize poly(methyl methacrylate) with high conversion, narrow molecular weight distribution, and high chain-end fidelity. This system exhibits oxygen tolerance and supports large-scale reactions under ambient conditions. Our findings, driven by the systematic PC design, offer meaningful insights for controlled radical polymerizations and metallaphotoredox-mediated syntheses beyond ATRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghwan Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Sang Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Zhang Q, Yan K, Zheng X, Liu Q, Han Y, Liu Z. Research progress of photo-crosslink hydrogels in ophthalmology: A comprehensive review focus on the applications. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101082. [PMID: 38774449 PMCID: PMC11107262 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel presents a three-dimensional polymer network with high water content. Over the past decade, hydrogel has developed from static material to intelligent material with controllable response. Various stimuli are involved in the formation of hydrogel network, among which photo-stimulation has attracted wide attention due to the advantages of controllable conditions, which has a good application prospect in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. This paper reviews the application of photo-crosslink hydrogels in ophthalmology, focusing on the types of photo-crosslink hydrogels and their applications in ophthalmology, including drug delivery, tissue engineering and 3D printing. In addition, the limitations and future prospects of photo-crosslink hydrogels are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghe Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ke Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qiuping Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China
- Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen Fujian 361005, China
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8
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Hu X, Yin R, Jeong J, Matyjaszewski K. Robust Miniemulsion PhotoATRP Driven by Red and Near-Infrared Light. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13417-13426. [PMID: 38691625 PMCID: PMC11099965 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Photoinduced polymerization techniques have gathered significant attention due to their mild conditions, spatiotemporal control, and simple setup. In addition to homogeneous media, efforts have been made to implement photopolymerization in emulsions as a practical and greener process. However, previous photoinduced reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) in heterogeneous media has relied on short-wavelength lights, which have limited penetration depth, resulting in slow polymerization and relatively poor control. In this study, we demonstrate the first example of a highly efficient photoinduced miniemulsion ATRP in the open air driven by red or near-infrared (NIR) light. This was facilitated by the utilization of a water-soluble photocatalyst, methylene blue (MB+). Irradiation by red/NIR light allowed for efficient excitation of MB+ and subsequent photoreduction of the ATRP deactivator in the presence of water-soluble electron donors to initiate and mediate the polymerization process. The NIR light-driven miniemulsion photoATRP provided a successful synthesis of polymers with low dispersity (1.09 ≤ Đ ≤ 1.29) and quantitative conversion within an hour. This study further explored the impact of light penetration on polymerization kinetics in reactors of varying sizes and a large-scale reaction (250 mL), highlighting the advantages of longer-wavelength light, particularly NIR light, for large-scale polymerization in dispersed media owing to its superior penetration. This work opens new avenues for robust emulsion photopolymerization techniques, offering a greener and more practical approach with improved control and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jaepil Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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9
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Jeong J, Hu X, Yin R, Fantin M, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Nucleic Acid-Binding Dyes as Versatile Photocatalysts for Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13598-13606. [PMID: 38691811 PMCID: PMC11100002 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-binding dyes (NuABDs) are fluorogenic probes that light up after binding to nucleic acids. Taking advantage of their fluorogenicity, NuABDs have been widely utilized in the fields of nanotechnology and biotechnology for diagnostic and analytical applications. We demonstrate the potential of NuABDs together with an appropriate nucleic acid scaffold as an intriguing photocatalyst for precisely controlled atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Additionally, we systematically investigated the thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of the dyes, providing insights into the mechanism that drives the photopolymerization. The versatility of the NuABD-based platform was also demonstrated through successful polymerizations using several NuABDs in conjunction with diverse nucleic acid scaffolds, such as G-quadruplex DNA or DNA nanoflowers. This study not only extends the horizons of controlled photopolymerization but also broadens opportunities for nucleic acid-based materials and technologies, including nucleic acid-polymer biohybrids and stimuli-responsive ATRP platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaepil Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Subha R. Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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10
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Chen P, Song Z, Yao X, Wang W, Teng L, Matyjaszewski K, Zhu W. Copper Nanodrugs by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402747. [PMID: 38488767 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, some copper catalysts used for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) were explored as efficient anti-tumor agents. The aqueous solution of copper-containing nanoparticles with uniform spheric morphology was in situ prepared through a copper-catalyzed activator generated by electron transfer (AGET) ATRP in water. Nanoparticles were then directly injected into tumor-bearing mice for antitumor chemotherapy. The copper nanodrugs had prolonged blood circulation time and enhanced accumulation at tumor sites, thus showing potent antitumor activity. This work provides a novel strategy for precise and large-scale preparation of copper nanodrugs with high antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ziyan Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xuxia Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Weibin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lisong Teng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, United States
| | - Weipu Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
- Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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11
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Yang H, Wang J, Zhao R, Hou L. Precise Regulation in Chain-Edge Structural Microenvironments of 1D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400688. [PMID: 38659172 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) constitute a promising research topic for photocatalytic reactions, but the rules and conformational relationships of 1D COFs are poorly defined. Herein, the chain edge structure is designed by precise modulation at the atomic level, and the 1D COFs bonded by C, O, and S elements is directionally prepared for oxygen-tolerant photoinduced electron transfer-atom transfer radical polymerization (PET-ATRP) reactions. It is demonstrated that heteroatom-type chain edge structures (─O─, ─S─) lead to a decrease in intra-plane conjugation, which restricts the effective transport of photogenerated electrons along the direction of the 1D strip. In contrast, the all-carbon type chain edge structure (─C─) with higher intra-plane conjugation not only reduces the energy loss of photoexcited electrons but also enhances the carrier density, which exhibits the optimal photopolymerization performance. This work offers valuable guidance in the exploitation of 1D COFs for high photocatalytic performance. This work offers valuable guidance in the exploitation of 1D COFs for high photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Yang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou, 362801, P. R. China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou, 362801, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhicheng College of Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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12
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Mocny P, Lin TC, Parekh R, Zhao Y, Czarnota M, Urbańczyk M, Majidi C, Matyjaszewski K. Selective and Controlled Grafting from PVDF-Based Materials by Oxygen-Tolerant Green-Light-Mediated ATRP. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38652837 PMCID: PMC11082848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) shows excellent chemical and thermal resistance and displays high dielectric strength and unique piezoelectricity, which are enabling for applications in membranes, electric insulators, sensors, or power generators. However, its low polarity and lack of functional groups limit wider applications. While inert, PVDF has been modified by grafting polymer chains by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), albeit via an unclear mechanism, given the strong C-F bonds. Herein, we applied eosin Y and green-light-mediated ATRP to modify PVDF-based materials. The method gave nearly quantitative (meth)acrylate monomer conversions within 2 h without deoxygenation and without the formation of unattached homopolymers, as confirmed by control experiments and DOSY NMR measurements. The gamma distribution model that accounts for broadly dispersed polymers in DOSY experiments was essential and serves as a powerful tool for the analysis of PVDF. The NMR analysis of poly(methyl acrylate) graft chain-ends on PVDF-CTFE (statistical copolymer with chlorotrifluoroethylene) was carried out successfully for the first time and showed up to 23 grafts per PVDF-CTFE chain. The grafting density was tunable depending on the solvent composition and light intensity during the grafting. The initiation proceeded either from the C-Cl sites of PVDF-CTFE or via unsaturations in the PVDF backbones. The dehydrofluorinated PVDF was 20 times more active than saturated PVDF during the grafting. The method was successfully applied to modify PVDF, PVDF-HFP, and Viton A401C. The obtained PVDF-CTFE-g-PnBMA materials were investigated in more detail. They featured slightly lower crystallinity than PVDF-CTFE (12-18 vs 24.3%) and had greatly improved mechanical performance: Young's moduli of up to 488 MPa, ductility of 316%, and toughness of 46 × 106 J/m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Mocny
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ting-Chih Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rohan Parekh
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Marek Czarnota
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Urbańczyk
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carmel Majidi
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, 5000 Forbes
Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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13
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Tan MF, Hosier BM, Forsythe NL, Maynard HD. Enzyme-Polymer Conjugates with Photocleavable Linkers for Control Over Protein Activity. Polym Chem 2024; 15:1085-1092. [PMID: 38854662 PMCID: PMC11155517 DOI: 10.1039/d3py01339a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Reversible conjugation of polymers to proteins is important for a variety of applications, for example to control protein activity. Light is often employed as an external trigger to allow for spatio and temporal control over release of a payload. In this report, we demonstrate preparation of photocleavable poly(polyethylene glycol) acrylate)-lysozyme (pPEGA-Lys) conjugates via ortho-nitrobenzyl linkages. The conjugates were made by both grafting-to and grafting-from in order to compare and contrast the two synthetic approaches. First, a lysine-reactive ortho-nitrobenzyl atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator was synthesized. For the grafting-to strategy, the initiator was employed in the ATRP of PEGA, and the subsequent polymer was conjugated to the lysine residues of lysozyme. For the grafting-from strategy, lysozyme was modified first with the photocleavable initiator, and the purified macroinitiator was then subjected to polymerization conditions to synthesize the protein-polymer conjugate. The polymer was cleaved from the protein via UV light, and activity before and after polymer removal was evaluated, showing 83% recovery. This work provides evidence that reversing conjugation is successful for activity modulation for ortho-nitrobenzyl linked protein-polymer conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla F Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Brock M Hosier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Neil L Forsythe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
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14
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Zhang Y, Li M, Li B, Sheng W. Surface Functionalization with Polymer Brushes via Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Synthesis, Applications, and Current Challenges. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5571-5589. [PMID: 38440955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Polymer brushes have received great attention in recent years due to their distinctive properties and wide range of applications. The synthesis of polymer brushes typically employs surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) techniques. To realize the control of the polymerization process in different environments, various SI-ATRP techniques triggered by different stimuli have been developed. This review focuses on the latest developments in different stimuli-triggered SI-ATRP methods, such as electrochemically mediated, photoinduced, enzyme-assisted, mechanically controlled, and organocatalyzed ATRP. Additionally, SI-ATRP technology triggered by a combination of multiple stimuli sources is also discussed. Furthermore, the applications of polymer brushes in lubrication, biological applications, antifouling, and catalysis are also systematically summarized and discussed. Despite the advancements in the synthesis of various types of 1D, 2D, and 3D polymer brushes via controlled radical polymerization, contemporary challenges remain in the quest for more efficient and straightforward synthetic protocols that allow for precise control over the composition, structure, and functionality of polymer brushes. We anticipate the readers could promote the understanding of surface functionalization based on ATRP-mediated polymer brushes and envision future directions for their application in surface coating technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenbo Sheng
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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15
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Wang C, Zhao H. Polymer Brushes and Surface Nanostructures: Molecular Design, Precise Synthesis, and Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2439-2464. [PMID: 38279930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
For over two decades, polymer brushes have found wide applications in industry and scientific research. Now, polymer brush research has been a significant research focus in the community of polymer science. In this review paper, we give an introduction to the synthesis, self-assembly, and applications of one-dimensional (1D) polymer brushes on polymer backbones, two-dimensional (2D) polymer brushes on flat surfaces, and three-dimensional (3D) polymer brushes on spherical particles. Examples of the synthesis of polymer brushes on different substrates are provided. Studies on the formation of the surface nanostructures on solid surfaces are also reviewed in this article. Multicomponent polymer brushes on solid surfaces are able to self-assemble into surface micelles (s-micelles). If the s-micelles are linked to the substrates through cleavable linkages, the s-micelles can be cleaved from the substrates, and the cleaved s-micelles are able to self-assemble into hierarchical structures. The formation of the surface nanostructures by coassembly of polymer brushes and "free" polymer chains (coassembly approach) or polymerization-induced surface self-assembly approach, is discussed. The applications of the polymer brushes in colloid and biomedical science are summarized. Finally, perspectives on the development of polymer brushes are offered in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hanying Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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Guo T, He B, Mu R, Li J, Sun C, Wang R, Zhang G, Sheng W, Yu B, Li B. Electrochemically Mediated Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization by ppm of Cu II/Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2664-2671. [PMID: 38253013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most widely used methods for modifying surfaces with functional polymer films and has received considerable attention in recent years. Here, we report an electrochemically mediated surface-initiated ATRP to graft polymer brushes onto solid substrates catalyzed by ppm amounts of CuII/TPMA in water/MeOH solution. We systematically investigated the type and concentrations of copper/ligand and applied potentials correlated to the polymerization kinetics and polymer brush thickness. Gradient polymer brushes and various types of polymer brushes are prepared. Block copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt (PSPMA) (poly(HEMA-b-SPMA)) with ultralow ppm eATRP indicates the remarkable preservation of chain end functionality and a pronounced "living" characteristic feature of ppm-level eATRP in aqueous solution for surface polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baoluo He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Rong Mu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Chufeng Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guorui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenbo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
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17
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Song X, Man J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Chen Y. Design, preparation, and characterization of lubricating polymer brushes for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:76-105. [PMID: 38128641 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The lubrication modification of biomedical devices significantly enhances the functionality of implanted interventional medical devices, thereby providing additional benefits for patients. Polymer brush coating provides a convenient and efficient method for surface modification while ensuring the preservation of the substrate's original properties. The current research has focused on a "trial and error" method to finding polymer brushes with superior lubricity qualities, which is time-consuming and expensive, as obtaining effective and long-lasting lubricity properties for polymer brushes is difficult. This review summarizes recent research advances in the biomedical field in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of lubricating and antifouling polymer brushes, which follow the polymer brush development process. This review begins by examining various approaches to polymer brush design, including molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning, from the fundamentals of polymer brush lubrication. Recent advancements in polymer brush design are then synthesized and potential avenues for future research are explored. Emphasis is placed on the burgeoning field of zwitterionic polymer brushes, and highlighting the broad prospects of supramolecular polymer brushes based on host-guest interactions in the field of self-repairing polymer brush applications. The review culminates by providing a summary of methodologies for characterizing the structural and functional attributes of polymer brushes. It is believed that a development approach for polymer brushes based on "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" can be created, easing the challenge of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricating qualities and enabling the on-demand creation of coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomedical devices have severe lubrication modification needs, and surface lubrication modification by polymer brush coating is currently the most promising means. However, the design and preparation of polymer brushes often involves "iterative testing" to find polymer brushes with excellent lubrication properties, which is both time-consuming and expensive. This review proposes a polymer brush development process based on the "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" strategy and summarizes recent research advances and trends in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of polymer brushes. This review will help polymer brush researchers by alleviating the challenges of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricity and promises to enable the on-demand construction of polymer brush lubrication coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijian Li
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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18
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Bernat R, Szczepaniak G, Kamiński K, Paluch M, Matyjaszewski K, Maksym P. Visible-light-induced ATRP under high-pressure: synthesis of ultra-high-molecular-weight polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:843-846. [PMID: 38131455 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04982e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-pressure-assisted photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (p ≤ 250 MPa) enabled the synthesis of ultra-high-molecular-weight polymers (UHMWPs) of up to 9 350 000 and low/moderate dispersity (1.10 < Đ < 1.46) in a co-solvent system (water/DMSO), without reaction mixture deoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Bernat
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Paulina Maksym
- Silesian Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
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19
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Zhuang Z, Cheng D, Han B, Li R, Shen Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Ding W, Chen G, Zhou Y, Jing T. Preparation of double-system imprinted polymer-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and their application in simultaneous determination of thyroid-disrupting chemicals in dust samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167858. [PMID: 37863228 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Dust ingestion is a significant route of human exposure to thyroid-disrupting chemicals (TDCs), and simultaneous determination of multi-contaminants is a great challenge for environmental monitoring. In this study, molecularly imprinted polymer-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes using thyroxine as the template were synthesized for highly selective TDCs capture. This polymer was prepared by integrating the atom transfer radical polymerization using 2-(3-indol-yl)ethylmethacrylamide as the monomer with the self-polymerization of dopamine. Construction of double-system imprinted cavities could significantly improve their selective recognition performance for TDCs and the coincidence rate reached 88.5 %. The prepared polymers were applied as the solid phase extraction adsorbent to simultaneously determine 7 groups of 35 TDCs. The proposed method showed wide linear range (0.25-1000 ng L-1), low limits of detection (0.02-0.23 ng L-1) and acceptable recoveries (81.8 %-103.5 %). The occurrence and distribution of TDCs were then studied in indoor dust samples (n = 65) collected from four cities in China. We found that tetrabromobisphenol A was the predominant compound and perfluorinated compounds were the most abundant TDCs. In addition, the distribution ratio of TDCs varied between regions. This study provides an efficient technology for direct exposure assessment of multi-contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Danqi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wenping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yikai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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20
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Fronczyk T, Mielańczyk A, Klymenko O, Erfurt K, Neugebauer D. Eco-Conscious Approach to Thermoresponsive Star-Comb and Mikto-Arm Polymers via Enzymatically Assisted Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Followed by Ring-Opening Polymerization. Molecules 2023; 29:55. [PMID: 38202638 PMCID: PMC10779862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and application of a heterofunctional initiator derived from 2-hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), having eight bromoester groups and thirteen hydroxyl groups allowing the synthesis of mikto-arm star-shaped polymers. The bromoesterification of HP-β-CD was achieved using α-bromoisobutyryl bromide as the acylation reagent, modifying the cyclodextrin (CD) molecule as confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms. The initiator's effectiveness was further demonstrated by obtaining star-comb and mikto-arm polymers via an enzymatically assisted atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method and subsequent ring-opening polymerization (ROP). The ATR polymerization quality and control depended on the type of monomer and was optimized by the way of introducing the initiator into the reaction mixture. In the case of ATRP, high conversion rates for poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA), with molecular weights (Mn) of 500 g/mol and 300 g/mol, were achieved. The molecular weight distribution of the obtained polymers remained in the range of 1.23-1.75. The obtained star-comb polymers were characterized by different arm lengths. Unreacted hydroxyl groups in the core of exemplary star-comb polymers were utilized in the ROP of ε-caprolactone (CL) to obtain a hydrophilic mikto-arm polymer. Cloud point temperature (TCP) values of the synthesized polymers increased with arm length, indicating the polymers' reduced hydrophobicity and enhanced solvation by water. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed the ability of the star-comb polymers to create fractals. The study elucidates advancements in the synthesis and utilization of hydrophilic sugar-based initiators for enzymatically assisted ATRP in an aqueous solution for obtaining complex star-comb polymers in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Fronczyk
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.F.); (D.N.)
| | - Anna Mielańczyk
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.F.); (D.N.)
| | - Olesya Klymenko
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Organic Chemical Technology and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Dorota Neugebauer
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (T.F.); (D.N.)
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21
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Ti Q, Fang L, Zhao W, Bai L, Zhao H, Ba X, Chen W. Near-Infrared Light and Acid/Base Dual-Regulated Polymerization Utilizing Imidazole-Anion-Fused Perylene Diimides as Photocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26160-26168. [PMID: 37997817 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the first example of acid/base-responsive and near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing photocatalysts based on imidazole-anion-fused perylene diimide chromophores. The photocatalysts were in situ generated by deprotonation of imidazole-fused perylene diimide under an alkaline environment. NIR (λ = 730 nm, 128 mW/cm2) photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was implemented, exhibiting high efficiency and excellent livingness under ppm level of photocatalysts (15 ppm relative to monomer) and Cu(II) complex (10 ppm relative to monomer) concentrations. The method showed capabilities to polymerize behind opaque barriers (i.e., paper and pig skin) and under aerobic condition. Notably, this work demonstrated a dual temporal control of polymerization by adding weak base/acid and switching NIR light on/off. The polymerization can even be halted by bubbling CO2 and was then fully recovered by adding triethylamine. The NIR photoATRP of acrylamide monomers in aqueous solution was also performed, which can be regulated by the change of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Ti
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liping Fang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Weihe Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Libin Bai
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongchi Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinwu Ba
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Weiping Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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22
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Halaszynski NI, Saven JG, Pochan DJ, Kloxin CJ. Thermoresponsive Coiled-Coil Peptide-Polymer Grafts. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2001-2006. [PMID: 37874177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl halide side groups are selectively incorporated into monodispersed, computationally designed coiled-coil-forming peptide nanoparticles. Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) is polymerized from the coiled-coil periphery using photoinitiated atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) to synthesize well-defined, thermoresponsive star copolymer architectures. This facile synthetic route is readily extended to other monomers for a range of new complex star-polymer macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole I Halaszynski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 P.S. duPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 P.S. duPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 P.S. duPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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23
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Hu X, Szczepaniak G, Lewandowska-Andralojc A, Jeong J, Li B, Murata H, Yin R, Jazani AM, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Red-Light-Driven Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for High-Throughput Polymer Synthesis in Open Air. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24315-24327. [PMID: 37878520 PMCID: PMC10636753 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (photo-RDRP) techniques offer exceptional control over polymerization, providing access to well-defined polymers and hybrid materials with complex architectures. However, most photo-RDRP methods rely on UV/visible light or photoredox catalysts (PCs), which require complex multistep synthesis. Herein, we present the first example of fully oxygen-tolerant red/NIR-light-mediated photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-ATRP) in a high-throughput manner under biologically relevant conditions. The method uses commercially available methylene blue (MB+) as the PC and [X-CuII/TPMA]+ (TPMA = tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) complex as the deactivator. The mechanistic study revealed that MB+ undergoes a reductive quenching cycle in the presence of the TPMA ligand used in excess. The formed semireduced MB (MB•) sustains polymerization by regenerating the [CuI/TPMA]+ activator and together with [X-CuII/TPMA]+ provides control over the polymerization. This dual catalytic system exhibited excellent oxygen tolerance, enabling polymerizations with high monomer conversions (>90%) in less than 60 min at low volumes (50-250 μL) and high-throughput synthesis of a library of well-defined polymers and DNA-polymer bioconjugates with narrow molecular weight distributions (Đ < 1.30) in an open-air 96-well plate. In addition, the broad absorption spectrum of MB+ allowed ATRP to be triggered under UV to NIR irradiation (395-730 nm). This opens avenues for the integration of orthogonal photoinduced reactions. Finally, the MB+/Cu catalysis showed good biocompatibility during polymerization in the presence of cells, which expands the potential applications of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Lewandowska-Andralojc
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Center
for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz
University, Uniwersytetu
Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jaepil Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Bingda Li
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Arman Moini Jazani
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Subha R. Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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24
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Yu S, Zhang J, Hu Y, Li L, Kong J, Zhang X. Ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21 by click chemistry and fluorescein-mediated photo-ATRP signal amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1277:341661. [PMID: 37604612 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of a convenient and efficient assay using miRNA-21 as a lung cancer marker is of great importance for the early prevention of cancer. Herein, an electrochemical biosensor for the detection of miRNA-21 was successfully fabricated under blue light excitation using click chemistry and photocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-ATRP). By using hairpin DNA as a recognition probe, the electrochemical sensor deposits numerous electroactive monomers (ferrocenylmethyl methacrylate) on the electrode surface under the reaction of photocatalyst (fluorescein) and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, thereby achieving signal amplification. This biosensor is sensitive, precise and selective for miRNA-21, and is highly specific for RNAs with different base mismatches. Under optimal conditions, the biosensor showed a linear relationship in the range of 10 fM ∼1 nM (R2 = 0.995), with a detection limit of 1.35 fM. Furthermore, the biosensor exhibits anti-interference performance when analyzing RNAs in serum samples. The biosensor is based on green chemistry and has the advantages of low cost, specificity and anti-interference ability, providing economic benefits while achieving detection objectives, which makes it highly promising for the analysis of complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Yu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Yaodong Hu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China
| | - Lianzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, PR China
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
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25
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Veldscholte LB, de Beer S. Scalable Air-Tolerant μL-Volume Synthesis of Thick Poly(SPMA) Brushes Using SI-ARGET-ATRP. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:7652-7657. [PMID: 37705713 PMCID: PMC10496111 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a facile procedure for preparing thick (up to 300 nm) poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) brushes using SI-ARGET-ATRP by conducting the reaction in a fluid film between the substrate and a coverslip. This method is advantageous in a number of ways: it does not require deoxygenation of the reaction solution, and the monomer conversion is much higher than usual since only a minimal amount of solution (microliters) is used, resulting in a tremendous reduction (∼50×) of wasted reagents. Moreover, this method is particularly suitable for grafting brushes to large substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars B. Veldscholte
- Functional
Polymer Surfaces Department of Molecules & Materials MESA+ Institute
for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Functional
Polymer Surfaces Department of Molecules & Materials MESA+ Institute
for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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26
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Wu D, Li W, Zhang T. Surface-Initiated Zerovalent Metal-Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization (SI-Mt 0CRP) for Brush Engineering. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2329-2340. [PMID: 37616063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe surface-tethered polymer brush has become a powerful approach to tailoring the chemical and physical properties of surfaces and interfaces and revealed broad application prospects in widespread fields such as self-cleaning, surface lubrication, and antibiofouling. Access to these diverse functional polymer brushes is highly dependent on versatile and powerful surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) strategies. However, conventional SI-CRP typically requires oxygen exclusion, large amounts of catalysts and monomer solution, and a long reaction time, making it time-consuming and sophisticated. When using a two-plate system consisting of an initiator-bearing substrate and a metal plate, we and our collaborators introduced surface-initiated zerovalent metal-mediated controlled radical polymerization (SI-Mt0CRP). In the SI-Mt0CRP setup, a metal(0) plate (Cu, Fe, Zn, or Sn) is placed proximately to an initiator-functionalized substrate and forms a confined polymerization system which considerably simplifies the synthesis of a wide range of polymer brushes with high grafting densities over large areas (up to the meter scale).In comparison to classical SI-ATRP (catalyzed by metal salts), SI-Mt0CRP demonstrates oxygen tolerance, high controllability, good retention of chain-end functionality, and facile recyclability of the metal catalysts (i.e., metal foil/plate). Taking advantage of the confined geometry of the SI-Mt0CRP setup, polymer brushes with various conformations and architectures are easily accessible while consuming only microliter volumes of monomer solution and without complicated operations under ambient conditions. Owing to these attractive characteristics, SI-Mt0CRP has become a versatile technique for functionalizing materials for targeted applications, ranging from the areas of surface science to materials science and nanotechnology.In this Account, we summarize the recent advances of SI-Mt0CRP catalyzed by zerovalent metals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Zn, and Sn) and highlight the intrinsic advantages of the featured experimental setup, compared with the "classical" SI-CRP in which metal salt, powder, or wire is applied. We further discuss the synthetic features and proposed mechanism of SI-Mt0CRP while emphasizing the various external technologies' (including "on water" reaction, galvanic replacement, lithography, and capillary microfluidic) integrated polymerization systems. We also describe structural polymer brushes, including block copolymers, patterned and gradient structures, and arrayed and binary polymer brushes. Finally, we introduce the diverse polymer brushes that have been prepared using these techniques, with a focus on targeted and emerging applications. We anticipate that the discussion presented in this Account will promote a better understanding of the SI-Mt0CRP technique and advance the future development of practical surface brushing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Research Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Research Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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27
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Jazani AM, Schild DJ, Sobieski J, Hu X, Matyjaszewski K. Visible Light-ATRP Driven by Tris(2-Pyridylmethyl)Amine (TPMA) Impurities in the Open Air. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200855. [PMID: 36471106 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of oligo(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA500 ) in water is enabled using CuBr2 with tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) as a ligand under blue or green-light irradiation without requiring any additional reagent, such as a photo-reductant, or the need for prior deoxygenation. Polymers with low dispersity (Đ = 1.18-1.25) are synthesized at high conversion (>95%) using TPMA from three different suppliers, while no polymerization occurred with TPMA is synthesized and purified in the laboratory. Based on spectroscopic studies, it is proposed that TPMA impurities (i.e., imine and nitrone dipyridine), which absorb blue and green light, can act as photosensitive co-catalyst(s) in a light region where neither pure TPMA nor [(TPMA)CuBr]+ absorbs light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dirk J Schild
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Julian Sobieski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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28
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Coats JP, Cochereau R, Dinu IA, Messmer D, Sciortino F, Palivan CG. Trends in the Synthesis of Polymer Nano- and Microscale Materials for Bio-Related Applications. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200474. [PMID: 36949011 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nano- and microscale materials bear significant potential in manifold applications related to biomedicine. This is owed not only to the large chemical diversity of the constituent polymers, but also to the various morphologies these materials can achieve, ranging from simple particles to intricate self-assembled structures. Modern synthetic polymer chemistry permits the tuning of many physicochemical parameters affecting the behavior of polymeric nano- and microscale materials in the biological context. In this Perspective, an overview of the synthetic principles underlying the modern preparation of these materials is provided, aiming to demonstrate how advances in and ingenious implementations of polymer chemistry fuel a range of applications, both present and prospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Peter Coats
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Cochereau
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Messmer
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Sciortino
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- National Centre for Competence in Research - Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, Klingelbergstrasse 82, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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29
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Guo Y, Walter V, Vanuytsel S, Parperis C, Sengel JT, Weatherill EE, Wallace MI. Real-Time Monitoring and Control of Nanoparticle Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:15809-15815. [PMID: 37458572 PMCID: PMC10375529 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Methods capable of controlling synthesis at the level of an individual nanoparticle are a key step toward improved reproducibility and scalability in engineering complex nanomaterials. To address this, we combine the spatially patterned activation of the photoreductant sodium pyruvate with interferometric scattering microscopy to achieve fast, label-free monitoring and control of hundreds of gold nanoparticles in real time. Individual particle growth kinetics are well-described by a two-step nucleation-autocatalysis model but with a distribution of individual rate constants that change with reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Guo
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Vivien Walter
- Department of Engineering, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, U.K
| | - Steven Vanuytsel
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Christopher Parperis
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Jason T Sengel
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Eve E Weatherill
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Mark I Wallace
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
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30
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Jeong J, Szczepaniak G, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of RNA-Amphiphiles via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in the Organic Phase. PRECISION CHEMISTRY 2023; 1:326-331. [PMID: 37529716 PMCID: PMC10389804 DOI: 10.1021/prechem.3c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The combination of hydrophobic polymers with nucleic acids is a fascinating way to engineer the self-assembly behavior of nucleic acids into diverse nanostructures such as micelles, vesicles, nanosheets, and worms. Here we developed a robust route to synthesize a RNA macroinitiator with protecting groups on the 2'-hydroxyl groups in the solid phase using an oligonucleotide synthesizer. The protecting groups successfully solubilized the RNA macroinitiator, enabling atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of hydrophobic monomers. As a result, the RNA-polymer hybrids obtained by ATRP exhibited enhanced chemical stability by suppressing cleavage. In addition, we demonstrated evidence of controlled polymerization behavior as well as control over the molecular weight of the hydrophobic polymers grown from RNA. We envision that this methodology will expand the field of RNA-polymer conjugates while vastly enhancing the possibility to alter and engineer the properties of RNA-based polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaepil Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- University
of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Subha R. Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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31
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Kapil K, Xu S, Lee I, Murata H, Kwon SJ, Dordick JS, Matyjaszewski K. Highly Sensitive Detection of Bacteria by Binder-Coupled Multifunctional Polymeric Dyes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2723. [PMID: 37376368 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by pathogens are a health burden, but traditional pathogen identification methods are complex and time-consuming. In this work, we have developed well-defined, multifunctional copolymers with rhodamine B dye synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using fully oxygen-tolerant photoredox/copper dual catalysis. ATRP enabled the efficient synthesis of copolymers with multiple fluorescent dyes from a biotin-functionalized initiator. Biotinylated dye copolymers were conjugated to antibody (Ab) or cell-wall binding domain (CBD), resulting in a highly fluorescent polymeric dye-binder complex. We showed that the unique combination of multifunctional polymeric dyes and strain-specific Ab or CBD exhibited both enhanced fluorescence and target selectivity for bioimaging of Staphylococcus aureus by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The ATRP-derived polymeric dyes have the potential as biosensors for the detection of target DNA, protein, or bacteria, as well as bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Kapil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shirley Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Inseon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Seok-Joon Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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32
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Han B, Li W, Shen Y, Li R, Wang M, Zhuang Z, Zhou Y, Jing T. Improving the sensitivity and selectivity of sulfonamides electrochemical detection with double-system imprinted polymers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161173. [PMID: 36572315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of antibiotics leading to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance poses high health risks to humans, but to date there is still lack of an on-site detection method of SA residues. In this study, we integrated radical polymerization using sodium p-styrenesulfonate as a functional monomer and the self-polymerization of dopamine to prepare double-system imprinted polymers (DIPs) using sulfonamide antibiotics as templates. We found that the DIPs were semi-interpenetrating polymer networks and introduction of poly(dopamine) improved the selectivity of the imprinted cavities as well as the conductivity. The selectivity and sensitivity of the sensor using DIPs were much higher than those using single-system MIPs. This sensor could determine sulfonamides in complex samples in the presence of structural analogues. The linear range was from 0.01 to 10.00 μmol L-1 with a detection limit of 4.00 nmol L-1. Furthermore, based on the highly selective DIPs and statistics analysis, this method could be used for simultaneous analysis of 4 sulfonamide types in real samples with an accuracy of 94.87 %. This work provides a strategy to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of MIPs based-sensor that can serve as tool for the simultaneous analysis of antibiotic residues in environment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhijia Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yikai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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33
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Kapil K, Jazani AM, Szczepaniak G, Murata H, Olszewski M, Matyjaszewski K. Fully Oxygen-Tolerant Visible-Light-Induced ATRP of Acrylates in Water: Toward Synthesis of Protein-Polymer Hybrids. Macromolecules 2023; 56:2017-2026. [PMID: 36938511 PMCID: PMC10019465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, photoinduced ATRP techniques have been developed to harness the energy of light to generate radicals. Most of these methods require the use of UV light to initiate polymerization. However, UV light has several disadvantages: it can degrade proteins, damage DNA, cause undesirable side reactions, and has low penetration depth in reaction media. Recently, we demonstrated green-light-induced ATRP with dual catalysis, where eosin Y (EYH2) was used as an organic photoredox catalyst in conjunction with a copper complex. This dual catalysis proved to be highly efficient, allowing rapid and well-controlled aqueous polymerization of oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate without the need for deoxygenation. Herein, we expanded this system to synthesize polyacrylates under biologically relevant conditions using CuII/Me6TREN (Me6TREN = tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine) and EYH2 at ppm levels. Water-soluble oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether acrylate (average M n = 480, OEOA480) was polymerized in open reaction vessels under green light irradiation (520 nm). Despite continuous oxygen diffusion, high monomer conversions were achieved within 40 min, yielding polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (1.17 ≤ D̵ ≤ 1.23) for a wide targeted DP range (50-800). In situ chain extension and block copolymerization confirmed the preserved chain end functionality. In addition, polymerization was triggered/halted by turning on/off a green light, showing temporal control. The optimized conditions also enabled controlled polymerization of various hydrophilic acrylate monomers, such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl acrylate), and zwitterionic carboxy betaine acrylate. Notably, the method allowed the synthesis of well-defined acrylate-based protein-polymer hybrids using a straightforward reaction setup without rigorous deoxygenation.
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34
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Kapil K, Szczepaniak G, Martinez MR, Murata H, Jazani AM, Jeong J, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Visible-Light-Mediated Controlled Radical Branching Polymerization in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217658. [PMID: 36645871 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polymethacrylates were synthesized by green-light-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) under biologically relevant conditions in the open air. Sodium 2-bromoacrylate (SBA) was prepared in situ from commercially available 2-bromoacrylic acid and used as a water-soluble inibramer to induce branching during the copolymerization of methacrylate monomers. As a result, well-defined branched polymethacrylates were obtained in less than 30 min with predetermined molecular weights (36 000<Mn <170 000), tunable degree of branching, and low dispersity values (1.14≤Đ≤1.33). Moreover, the use of SBA inibramer enabled the synthesis of bioconjugates with a well-controlled branched architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Kapil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael R Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jaepil Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Subha R Das
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Center for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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35
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Wang Z, Debuigne A. Radical Polymerization of Methylene Heterocyclic Compounds: Functional Polymer Synthesis and Applications. POLYM REV 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2181819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Wang
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Chemistry Department, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Chemistry Department, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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36
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Parkatzidis K, Truong NP, Whitfield R, Campi CE, Grimm-Lebsanft B, Buchenau S, Rübhausen MA, Harrisson S, Konkolewicz D, Schindler S, Anastasaki A. Oxygen-Enhanced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization through the Formation of a Copper Superoxido Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1906-1915. [PMID: 36626247 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In controlled radical polymerization, oxygen is typically regarded as an undesirable component resulting in terminated polymer chains, deactivated catalysts, and subsequent cessation of the polymerization. Here, we report an unusual atom transfer radical polymerization whereby oxygen favors the polymerization by triggering the in situ transformation of CuBr/L to reactive superoxido species at room temperature. Through a superoxido ARGET-ATRP mechanism, an order of magnitude faster polymerization rate and a rapid and complete initiator consumption can be achieved as opposed to when unoxidized CuBr/L was instead employed. Very high end-group fidelity has been demonstrated by mass-spectrometry and one-pot synthesis of block and multiblock copolymers while pushing the reactions to reach near-quantitative conversions in all steps. A high molecular weight polymer could also be targeted (DPn = 6400) without compromising the control over the molar mass distributions (Đ < 1.20), even at an extremely low copper concentration (4.5 ppm). The versatility of the technique was demonstrated by the polymerization of various monomers in a controlled fashion. Notably, the efficiency of our methodology is unaffected by the purity of the starting CuBr, and even a brown highly-oxidized 15-year-old CuBr reagent enabled a rapid and controlled polymerization with a final dispersity of 1.07, thus not only reducing associated costs but also omitting the need for rigorous catalyst purification prior to polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P Truong
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chiara E Campi
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 17, D-35392, Gießen, Hessen 35392, Germany
| | - Benjamin Grimm-Lebsanft
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Sören Buchenau
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Michael A Rübhausen
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Simon Harrisson
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, University of Bordeaux/ENSCBP/CNRS UMR5629, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 17, D-35392, Gießen, Hessen 35392, Germany
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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37
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Wu D, Yin X, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Li D, Yang F, Wang L, Chen Y, Wang J, Yang H, Liu X, Liu F, Zhang T. Tinware-Inspired Aerobic Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization (SI-Sn 0CRP) for Biocompatible Surface Engineering. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:71-76. [PMID: 36576724 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Surface anchored polymer brushes prepared by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) have raised considerable interest in biomaterials and bioengineering. However, undesired residues of noxious transition metal catalysts critically restrain their widespread biomedical applications. Herein, we present a robust and biocompatible surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization catalyzed by a Sn(0) sheet (SI-Sn0CRP) under ambient conditions. Through this approach, microliter volumes of vinyl monomers with diverse functions (heterocyclic, ionic, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic) could be efficiently converted to homogeneous polymer brushes. The excellent controllability of SI-Sn0CRP strategy is further demonstrated by the exquisite fabrication of predetermined block and patterned polymer brushes through chain extension and photolithography, respectively. Additionally, in virtue of intrinsic biocompatibility of Sn, the resultant polymer brushes present transcendent affinity toward blood and cell, in marked contrast to those of copper-based approaches. This strategy could provide an avenue for the controllable fabrication of biocompatible polymer brushes toward biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuchao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Haoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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38
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Schild DJ, Bem J, Szczepaniak G, Jazani AM, Matyjaszewski K. Blue‐light‐induced atom transfer radical polymerization enabled by iron/copper dual catalysis. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk J. Schild
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Juliana Bem
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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39
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Scaling-Up an Aqueous Self-Degassing Electrochemically Mediated ATRP in Dispersion for the Preparation of Cellulose-Polymer Composites and Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224981. [PMID: 36433108 PMCID: PMC9692721 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP) is developed in dispersion conditions to assist the preparation of cellulose-based films. Self-degassing conditions are achieved by the addition of sodium pyruvate (SP) as a ROS scavenger, while an aluminum counter electrode provides a simplified and more cost-effective electrochemical setup. Different polyacrylamides were grown on a model cellulose substrate which was previously esterified with 2-bromoisobutyrate (-BriB), serving as initiator groups. Small-scale polymerizations (15 mL) provided optimized conditions to pursue the scale-up up to 1000 mL (scale-up factor ~67). Cellulose-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) was then chosen to prepare the tunable, thermoresponsive, solvent-free, and flexible films through a dissolution/regeneration method. The produced films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
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40
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Guo X, Wang M, Ma L, Cui Z, Liu Z, Yang H, Liu Y. Carboxyl porphyrin as signal molecule for sensitive fluorescent detection of aflatoxin B 1 via ARGET-ATRP. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121535. [PMID: 35752041 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel fluorescent biosensor for sensitive detecting of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was constructed through activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) for the first time. The AFB1 antigen was immobilized on the carboxy magnetic beads (MBs) by forming a sandwich-type "aptamer-antigen-antibody" immune system. Then, acrylamid (AM) was introduced through ARGET-ATRP to provide binding sites for the signaling molecules. Finally, carboxy porphyrins (TPP*) were connected with monomers through an amide bond and fixed on the MBs. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity and the logarithm of the concentration of AFB1 showed a good relationship from 100 fg mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1, with the limit of detection (LOD) as low as 8.38 fg mL-1. In addition, the method shows good selectivity and excellent reproducibility. More importantly, the biosensor has applied to the quantitative analysis of AFB1 in four Chinese medicines, and this strategy could potentially serve as a novel means for sensitive detecting of AFB1 in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Guo
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengli Wang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Ma
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Cui
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenghui Liu
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaixia Yang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanju Liu
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Taylor NG, Reis MH, Varner TP, Rapp JL, Sarabia A, Leibfarth FA. A dual initiator approach for oxygen tolerant RAFT polymerization. Polym Chem 2022; 13:4798-4808. [PMID: 37799166 PMCID: PMC10552776 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00603k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations are privileged approaches for the synthesis of functional and hybrid materials. A bottleneck for conducting these processes is the need to maintain oxygen free conditions. Herein we report a broadly applicable approach to "polymerize through" oxygen using the synergistic combination of two radical initiators having different rates of homolysis. The in situ monitoring of the concentrations of oxygen and monomer simultaneously provided insight into the function of the two initiators and enabled the identification of conditions to effectively remove dissolved oxygen and control polymerization under open-to-air conditions. By understanding how the surface area to volume ratio of reaction vessels influence open-to-air polymerizations, well-defined polymers were produced using acrylate, styrenic, and methacrylate monomers, which each represent an expansion of scope for the "polymerizing through" oxygen approach. Demonstration of this method in tubular reactors using continuous flow chemistry provided a more complete structure-reactivity understanding of how reaction headspace influences PTO RAFT polymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marcus H Reis
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Travis P Varner
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Johann L Rapp
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexis Sarabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Frank A Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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42
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Preparation and properties of hemoglobin (Hb)-imprinted poly (ionic liquid)s via seATRP in only 5 μL Volumes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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43
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Olszewski M, Jeong J, Szczepaniak G, Li S, Enciso A, Murata H, Averick S, Kapil K, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Sulfoxide-Containing Polyacrylamides Prepared by PICAR ATRP for Biohybrid Materials. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1091-1096. [PMID: 35998359 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble and biocompatible polymers are of interest in biomedicine as the search for alternatives to PEG-based materials becomes more important. In this work, the synthesis of a new sulfoxide-containing monomer, 2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl acrylamide (MSEAM), is reported. Well-defined polymers were prepared by photoinduced initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (PICAR ATRP). The polymerizations were performed in water under biologically relevant conditions in a small volume without degassing the reaction mixture. DNA-PMSEAM and protein-PMSEAM hybrids were also synthesized. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PMSEAM was estimated to be approximately 170 °C by extrapolating the LCST for a series of copolymers with variable content of N-isopropylacrylamide. The cytotoxicity studies showed excellent biocompatibility of PMSEAM, even at concentrations up to 2.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, the MSEAM monomer exhibited relatively lower toxicity than similar (meth)acrylate-based monomers at comparable concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jaepil Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sipei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Alan Enciso
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Saadyah Averick
- Neuroscience Disruptive Research Lab, Allegheny Health Network Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212, United States
| | - Kriti Kapil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Subha R Das
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Center for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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44
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Lorandi F, Fantin M, Matyjaszewski K. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: A Mechanistic Perspective. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15413-15430. [PMID: 35882005 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since its inception, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has seen continuous evolution in terms of the design of the catalyst and reaction conditions; today, it is one of the most useful techniques to prepare well-defined polymers as well as one of the most notable examples of catalysis in polymer chemistry. This Perspective highlights fundamental advances in the design of ATRP reactions and catalysts, focusing on the crucial role that mechanistic studies play in understanding, rationalizing, and predicting polymerization outcomes. A critical summary of traditional ATRP systems is provided first; we then focus on the most recent developments to improve catalyst selectivity, control polymerizations via external stimuli, and employ new photochemical or dual catalytic systems with an outlook to future research directions and open challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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45
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Han S, Zheng Y, Sarkar J, Niino H, Chatani S, Goto A. Reversible Complexation Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (RCMP) Using Tetraalkylammonium Chloride Catalysts. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200468. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiyuan Han
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yichao Zheng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Jit Sarkar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hiroshi Niino
- Hiroshima R&D Center Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 20–1 Miyuki‐cho Otake Hiroshima 739‐0693 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Chatani
- Hiroshima R&D Center Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 20–1 Miyuki‐cho Otake Hiroshima 739‐0693 Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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46
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Dworakowska S, Lorandi F, Gorczyński A, Matyjaszewski K. Toward Green Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Current Status and Future Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2106076. [PMID: 35175001 PMCID: PMC9259732 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202106076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) have revolutionized synthetic polymer chemistry. Nowadays, RDRPs facilitate design and preparation of materials with controlled architecture, composition, and functionality. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has evolved beyond traditional polymer field, enabling synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrids, bioconjugates, advanced polymers for electronics, energy, and environmentally relevant polymeric materials for broad applications in various fields. This review focuses on the relation between ATRP technology and the 12 principles of green chemistry, which are paramount guidelines in sustainable research and implementation. The green features of ATRP are presented, discussing the environmental and/or health issues and the challenges that remain to be overcome. Key discoveries and recent developments in green ATRP are highlighted, while providing a perspective for future opportunities in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Dworakowska
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCracow University of TechnologyWarszawska 24Cracow31‐155Poland
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Padovavia Marzolo 9Padova35131Italy
| | - Adam Gorczyński
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Faculty of ChemistryAdam Mickiewicz UniversityUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8Poznań61‐614Poland
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47
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Zaborniak I, Sroka M, Chmielarz P. Lemonade as a rich source of antioxidants: Polymerization of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate in lemon extract. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Grishin ID. New Approaches to Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Their Realization in the Synthesis of Functional Polymers and Hybrid Macromolecular Structures. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238222700035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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49
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Parkatzidis K, Boner S, Wang HS, Anastasaki A. Photoinduced Iron-Catalyzed ATRP of Renewable Monomers in Low-Toxicity Solvents: A Greener Approach. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:841-846. [PMID: 35731694 PMCID: PMC9301913 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Producing polymers
from renewable resources via more sustainable
approaches has become increasingly important. Herein we present the
polymerization of monomers obtained from biobased renewable resources,
employing an environmentally friendly photoinduced iron-catalyzed
atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in low-toxicity solvents.
We demonstrate that renewable monomers can be successfully polymerized
into sustainable polymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow
molar mass distributions (Đ as low as 1.17).
This is in contrast to reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer
(RAFT) polymerization, arguably the most commonly employed method
to polymerize biobased monomers, which led to poorer molecular weight
control and higher dispersities for these specific monomers (Đs ∼ 1.4). The versatility of our approach
was further highlighted by the temporal control demonstrated through
intermittent “on/off” cycles, controlled polymerizations
of a variety of monomers and chain lengths, oxygen-tolerance, and
high end-group fidelity exemplified by the synthesis of block copolymers.
This work highlights photoinduced iron-catalyzed ATRP as a powerful
tool for the synthesis of renewable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- -Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Silja Boner
- -Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Hyun Suk Wang
- -Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- -Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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50
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Visible light-triggered PET-RAFT polymerization by heterogeneous 2D porphyrin-based COF photocatalyst under aqueous condition. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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