1
|
Li L, Wang D, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang H, Luan X. Diversification of Naphthol Skeletons Triggered by Aminative Dearomatization. Org Lett 2024; 26:4910-4915. [PMID: 38818971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
A silver-catalyzed aminative dearomatization of naphthols has been developed and integrated into a stepwise approach for subsequent skeletal diversifications including ring expansion, ring opening, ring contraction, and atom transmutation of aryl scaffolds. This approach enables the synthesis of a diverse array of azepinones, unsaturated amides, isoquinolines, and indenones from naphthol substrates. Its application in the synthesis of bioactive and functional molecules as well as the conversion of complex molecular skeletons underscores its broad potential applicability. Mechanistic investigations suggest the intermediacy of the dearomatized intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xinjun Luan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang Y, Li X, Mai BK, Tonogai EJ, Smith AJ, Hergenrother PJ, Liu P, Hoveyda AH. A catalytic process enables efficient and programmable access to precisely altered indole alkaloid scaffolds. Nat Chem 2024; 16:1003-1014. [PMID: 38374457 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
A compound's overall contour impacts its ability to elicit biological response, rendering access to distinctly shaped molecules desirable. A natural product's framework can be modified, but only if it is abundant and contains suitably modifiable functional groups. Here we introduce a programmable strategy for concise synthesis of precisely altered scaffolds of scarce bridged polycyclic alkaloids. Central to our approach is a scalable catalytic multi-component process that delivers diastereo- and enantiomerically enriched tertiary homoallylic alcohols bearing differentiable alkenyl moieties. We used one product to launch progressively divergent syntheses of a naturally occurring alkaloid and its precisely expanded, contracted and/or distorted framework analogues (average number of steps/scaffold of seven). In vitro testing showed that a skeleton expanded by one methylene in two regions is cytotoxic against four types of cancer cell line. Mechanistic and computational studies offer an account for several unanticipated selectivity trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youming Huang
- Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Xinghan Li
- Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emily J Tonogai
- Department of Chemistry, Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Amanda J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Amir H Hoveyda
- Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Morris AO, Barriault L. Redox-Neutral Multicatalytic Cerium Photoredox-Enabled Cleavage of O-H Bearing Substrates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400642. [PMID: 38436591 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The need for synthetic methodologies capable of rapidly altering molecular structure are in high demand. Most existing methods to modify scaffolds rely on net exothermicity to drive the desired transformation. We sought to develop a general strategy for the cleavage of C-C bonds β to hydroxyl groups independent of inherent substrate strain. To this end we have applied a multicatalytic cerium photoredox-based system capable of activating O-H bonds in lactols to deliver formate esters. The same system is also capable of effecting hydrodecarboxylation and hydrodecarbonylation reactions. Initial mechanistic probes demonstrate atomic chlorine (Cl⋅) is generated under the reaction conditions, but substrate activation through cerium-alkoxides or -carboxylates cannot be ruled out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avery O Morris
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Canada, K1 N 6 N5
| | - Louis Barriault
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Canada, K1 N 6 N5
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baky MH, Kamal IM, Wessjohann LA, Farag MA. Assessment of metabolome diversity in black and white pepper in response to autoclaving using MS- and NMR-based metabolomics and in relation to its remote and direct antimicrobial effects against food-borne pathogens. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10799-10813. [PMID: 38572341 PMCID: PMC10989240 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Piper nigrum L. (black and white peppercorn) is one of the most common culinary spices used worldwide. The current study aims to dissect pepper metabolome using 1H-NMR targeting of its major primary and secondary metabolites. Eighteen metabolites were identified with piperine detected in black and white pepper at 20.2 and 23.9 μg mg-1, respectively. Aroma profiling using HS-SPME coupled to GC-MS analysis and in the context of autoclave treatment led to the detection of a total of 52 volatiles with an abundance of β-caryophyllene at 82% and 59% in black and white pepper, respectively. Autoclaving of black and white pepper revealed improvement of pepper aroma as manifested by an increase in oxygenated compounds' level. In vitro remote antimicrobial activity against food-borne Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria revealed the highest activity against P. aeruginosa (VP-MIC 16.4 and 12.9 mg mL-1) and a direct effect against Enterobacter cloacae at ca. 11.6 mg mL-1 for both white and black pepper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H Baky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University Badr city 11829 Cairo Egypt
| | - Islam M Kamal
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University 11562 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB) Weinberg 3 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University 11562 Cairo Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sennari G, Yamagishi H, Sarpong R. Remote C-H Amination and Alkylation of Camphor at C8 through Hydrogen-Atom Abstraction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7850-7857. [PMID: 38447162 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Camphor continues to serve as a versatile chiral building block for chemical synthesis. We have developed a novel method to functionalize the camphor skeleton at C8 using an intramolecular hydrogen atom abstraction. The key advance involves the use of a camphor-derived aminonitrile, which is converted to the corresponding nitrogen-centered radical under photoredox conditions to effect the 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer at C8. The resulting carbon-centered radical at C8 was utilized in a C-H amination to access topologically complex proline derivatives. Furthermore, the total synthesis of several sesquiterpenoids was accomplished by engaging the radical generated at C8 in alkylation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goh Sennari
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- O̅mura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamagishi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang MM, Long Y, Li Y, Cui JJ, Lv T, Luo S, Gao K, Dong SH. Divergent Biosynthesis of Bridged Polycyclic Sesquiterpenoids by a Minimal Fungal Biosynthetic Gene Cluster. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024. [PMID: 38417166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The bridged polycyclic sesquiterpenoids derived from sativene, isosativene, and longifolene have unique structures, and many chemical synthesis approaches with at least 10 steps have been reported. However, their biosynthetic pathway remains undescribed. A minimal biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC), named bip, encoding a sesquiterpene cyclase (BipA) and a cytochrome P450 (BipB) is characterized to produce such complex sesquiterpenoids with multiple carbon skeletons based on enzymatic assays, heterologous expression, and precursor experiments. BipA is demonstrated as a versatile cyclase with (-)-sativene as the dominant product and (-)-isosativene and (-)-longifolene as minor ones. BipB is capable of hydroxylating different enantiomeric sesquiterpenes, such as (-)-longifolene and (+)-longifolene, at C-15 and C-14 in turn. The C-15- or both C-15- and C-14-hydroxylated products are then further oxidized by unclustered oxidases, resulting in a structurally diverse array of sesquiterpenoids. Bioinformatic analysis reveals the BipB homologues as a discrete clade of fungal sesquiterpene P450s. These findings elucidate the concise and divergent biosynthesis of such intricate bridged polycyclic sesquiterpenoids, offer valuable biocatalysts for biotransformation, and highlight the distinct biosynthetic strategy employed by nature compared to chemical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Long
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tinghong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Z, Qian X, Gu Y, Gui J. Controllable skeletal reorganizations in natural product synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:251-272. [PMID: 38291905 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Covering: 2016 to 2023The synthetic chemistry community is always in pursuit of efficient routes to natural products. Among the many available general strategies, skeletal reorganization, which involves the formation, cleavage, and migration of C-C and C-heteroatom bonds, stands out as a particularly useful approach for the efficient assembly of molecular skeletons. In addition, it allows for late-stage modification of natural products for quick access to other family members or unnatural derivatives. This review summarizes efficient syntheses of steroid, terpenoid, and alkaloid natural products that have been achieved by means of this strategy in the past eight years. Our goal is to illustrate the strategy's potency and reveal the spectacular human ingenuity demonstrated in its use and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Jinghan Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hardy MA, Hayward Cooke J, Feng Z, Noda K, Kerschgens I, Massey LA, Tantillo DJ, Sarpong R. Unified Synthesis of 2-Isocyanoallopupukeanane and 9-Isocyanopupukeanane through a "Contra-biosynthetic" Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317348. [PMID: 38032339 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe our synthetic efforts toward the pupukeanane natural products, in which we have completed the first enantiospecific route to 2-isocyanoallopupukeanane in 10 steps (formal synthesis), enabled by a key Pd-mediated cyclization cascade. This subsequently facilitated an unprecedented bio-inspired "contra-biosynthetic" rearrangement, providing divergent access to 9-isocyanopupukeanane in 15 steps (formal synthesis). Computational studies provide insight into the nature of this rearrangement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jack Hayward Cooke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kenta Noda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Isabel Kerschgens
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lynée A Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lutz MR, Roediger S, Rivero-Crespo MA, Morandi B. Mechanistic Investigation of the Rhodium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydroarylation Reaction Involving Reversible C-C Bond Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26657-26666. [PMID: 38032811 PMCID: PMC10722515 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds are ubiquitous but are among the least reactive bonds in organic chemistry. Recently, catalytic approaches to activate C-C bonds by transition metals have demonstrated the synthetic potential of directly reorganizing the skeleton of small molecules. However, these approaches are usually restricted to strained molecules or rely on directing groups, limiting their broader impact. We report a detailed mechanistic study of a rare example of catalytic C-C bond cleavage of unstrained alcohols that enables reversible ketone transfer hydroarylation under Rh-catalysis. Combined insight from kinetic analysis, in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) monitoring, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations supports a symmetric catalytic cycle, including a key reversible β-carbon elimination event. In addition, we provide evidence regarding the turnover-limiting step, the catalyst resting state, and the role of the sterically encumbered NHC ligand. The study further led to an improved catalytic system with the discovery of two air-stable precatalysts that showed higher activity for the transformation in comparison to the original conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sven Roediger
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bill Morandi
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fay N, Kouklovsky C, de la Torre A. Natural Product Synthesis: The Endless Quest for Unreachable Perfection. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2023; 3:350-363. [PMID: 38075446 PMCID: PMC10704578 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Total synthesis is a field in constant progress. Its practitioners aim to develop ideal synthetic strategies to build complex molecules. As such, they are both a driving force and a showcase of the progress of organic synthesis. In this Perspective, we discuss recent notable total syntheses. The syntheses selected herein are classified according to the key strategic considerations for each approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fay
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Sciences, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Cyrille Kouklovsky
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Sciences, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Aurélien de la Torre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 17 Avenue des Sciences, 91405 Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qin H, Guo T, Lin K, Li G, Lu H. Synthesis of dienes from pyrrolidines using skeletal modification. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7307. [PMID: 37951966 PMCID: PMC10640553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Saturated N-heterocyclic pyrrolidines are common in natural products, medicinal compounds and agrochemicals. However, reconstruction of their skeletal structures creating new chemical space is a challenging task, and limited methods exist for this purpose. In this study, we report a skeletal modification strategy for conversion of polar cyclic pyrrolidines into nonpolar linear dienes through a N-atom removal and deconstruction process. This involves N-sulfonylazidonation followed by rearrangement of the resulting sulfamoyl azide intermediates. This can be an energetically unfavorable process, which involves the formation of active C-C π bonds, the consumption of inert C-N and C-C σ bonds and the destruction of stable five-membered rings, but we have used it here to produce versatile conjugated and nonconjugated dienes with links of varying lengths. We also studied the application of this method in late-stage skeletal modification of bioactive compounds, formal traceless C(sp2)-H functionalization and formal N-atom deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Qin
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ken Lin
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guigen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1061, USA
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bakanas I, Lusi RF, Wiesler S, Hayward Cooke J, Sarpong R. Strategic application of C-H oxidation in natural product total synthesis. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:783-799. [PMID: 37730908 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00534-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of unactivated C-H bonds has emerged as an effective tactic in natural product synthesis and has altered how chemists approach the synthesis of complex molecules. The use of C-H oxidation methods has simplified the process of synthesis planning by expanding the choice of starting materials, limiting functional group interconversion and protecting group manipulations, and enabling late-stage diversification. In this Review, we propose classifications for C-H oxidations on the basis of their strategic purpose: type 1, which installs functionality that is used to establish the carbon skeleton of the target; type 2, which is used to construct a heterocyclic ring; and type 3, which installs peripheral functional groups. The reactions are further divided based on whether they are directed or undirected. For each classification, examples from recent literature are analysed. Finally, we provide two case studies of syntheses from our laboratory that were streamlined by the judicious use of C-H oxidation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Bakanas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert F Lusi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Wiesler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jack Hayward Cooke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin JJ, Wang YP, Xue J, Zhou FF, Shan XQ, Zhu R, Fang K, Shi L, Zhang SY, Hou SH, Xia W, Tu YQ. Total Syntheses of Polycyclic Diterpenes Phomopsene, Methyl Phomopsenonate, and iso-Phomopsene via Reorganization of C-C Single Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21170-21175. [PMID: 37605370 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of polycyclic diterpenes phomopsene (1), methyl phomopsenonate (2), and iso-phomopsene (3) have been accomplished through the unusual cascade reorganization of C-C single bonds. This approach features: (i) a synergistic Nazarov cyclization/double ring expansions in one-step, developed by authors, to rapid and stereospecific construction of the 5/5/5/5 tetraquinane scaffold bearing contiguous quaternary centers and (ii) a one-pot strategic ring expansion through Beckmann fragmentation/recombination to efficiently assemble the requisite 5/5/6/5 tetracyclic skeleton of the target molecules 1-3. This work enables us to determine that the correct structure of iso-phomopsene is, in fact, the C7 epimer of the originally assigned structure. Finally, the absolute configurations of three target molecules were confirmed through enantioselective synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Yin
- School of Science (Shenzhen), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Jun Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Feng-Fan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Xing-Qian Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Kun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science (Shenzhen), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Si-Hua Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- School of Science (Shenzhen), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Minhang 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
da Silva Oliveira L, Crnkovic CM, de Amorim MR, Navarro-Vázquez A, Paz TA, Freire VF, Takaki M, Venâncio T, Ferreira AG, de Freitas Saito R, Chammas R, Berlinck RGS. Phomactinine, the First Nitrogen-Bearing Phomactin, Produced by Biatriospora sp. CBMAI 1333. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2065-2072. [PMID: 37490470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics analyses and improvement of growth conditions were applied toward diversification of phomactin terpenoids by the fungus Biatriospora sp. CBMAI 1333. Visualization of molecular networking results on Gephi assisted the observation of phomactin diversification and guided the isolation of new phomactin variants by applying a modified version of chemometrics based on a fractional factorial design. Consequentially, the first nitrogen-bearing phomactin, phomactinine (1), with a new rearranged carbon skeleton, was isolated and identified. The strategy combining metabolomics and chemometrics can be extended to include bioassay potency, structure novelty, and metabolic diversification connected or not to genomic analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro da Silva Oliveira
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Camila M Crnkovic
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Marcelo R de Amorim
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Armando Navarro-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária CEP, 50.740-540 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Tiago A Paz
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Vitor F Freire
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Mirelle Takaki
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Tiago Venâncio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Antonio G Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Renata de Freitas Saito
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 251 - Cerqueira César, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 251 - Cerqueira César, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, C.P. 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hou SH, Zhou FF, Sun YH, Li QZ. Deconstructive and Divergent Synthesis of Bioactive Natural Products. Molecules 2023; 28:6193. [PMID: 37687022 PMCID: PMC10488409 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products play a key role in innovative drug discovery. To explore the potential application of natural products and their analogues in pharmacology, total synthesis is a key tool that provides natural product candidates and synthetic analogues for drug development and potential clinical trials. Deconstructive synthesis, namely building new, challenging structures through bond cleavage of easily accessible moieties, has emerged as a useful design principle in synthesizing bioactive natural products. Divergent synthesis, namely synthesizing many natural products from a common intermediate, can improve the efficiency of chemical synthesis and generate libraries of molecules with unprecedented structural diversity. In this review, we will firstly introduce five recent and excellent examples of deconstructive and divergent syntheses of natural products (2021-2023). Then, we will summarize our previous work on the deconstructive and divergent synthesis of natural products to demonstrate the high efficiency and simplicity of these two strategies in the field of total synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hua Hou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.-F.Z.); (Y.-H.S.); (Q.-Z.L.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bakanas I, Tang JC, Sarpong R. Skeletal diversification by C-C cleavage to access bicyclic frameworks from a common tricyclooctane intermediate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3858-3861. [PMID: 36916206 PMCID: PMC10518267 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the diversification of tricyclo[3.2.1.03,6]octane scaffolds to afford diverse bicyclic scaffolds is described. The strained tricyclooctanes are prepared in two steps featuring a blue light-mediated [2+2] cycloaddition. Strategies for the cleavage of this scaffold were then explored resulting in the selective syntheses of the bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, bicyclo[3.2.1]octane, and bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane cores. These findings may guide future studies of C-C cleavage reactions in strained carbon frameworks and their application in complex molecule synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Bakanas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
| | - Jess C Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim DE, Zhu Y, Harada S, Aguilar I, Cuomo AE, Wang M, Newhouse TR. Total Synthesis of (+)-Shearilicine. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4394-4399. [PMID: 36790949 PMCID: PMC11000525 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the first total synthesis of the indole diterpenoid natural product shearilicine by an 11-step sequence via a generalizable precursor to the highly oxidized subclass of indole diterpenoids. A native chiral auxiliary strategy was employed to access the target molecule in an enantiospecific fashion. The formation of the key carbazole substructure was achieved through a mild intramolecular Heck cyclization, wherein a computational study revealed noncovalent substrate-ligand and ligand-ligand interactions that promoted migratory insertion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria E Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Yingchuan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Shingo Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Isaiah Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Abbigayle E Cuomo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Minghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu YB, Ma CY, Zhang Y, Zeng YY, Chang WW, Xu D, Wu J. An approach for the synthesis of carboxylic acid via phenacyl bromides and diethylamine by oxidative C–C bond cleavage. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
19
|
Kang T, Fu Y, Li-Matsuura R, Liu AL, Jankins TC, Rheingold AL, Bailey JB, Gembicky M, Liu P, Engle KM. Synthesis and Characterization of Post-β-Carbon-Elimination Organopalladium Complexes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California92037, United States
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania15260, United States
| | - Rei Li-Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California92037, United States
| | - Anna L. Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California92037, United States
| | - Tanner C. Jankins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California92037, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Jake B. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California92093, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania15260, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu J, Gu YC, Su MZ, Guo YW. Chemistry and bioactivity of secondary metabolites from South China Sea marine fauna and flora: recent research advances and perspective. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:3062-3079. [PMID: 36104434 PMCID: PMC9712606 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms often produce a variety of metabolites with unique structures and diverse biological activities that enable them to survive and struggle in the extremely challenging environment. During the last two decades, our group devoted great effort to the discovery of pharmaceutically interesting lead compounds from South China Sea marine plants and invertebrates. We discovered numerous marine secondary metabolites spanning a wide range of structural classes, various biosynthetic origins and various aspects of biological activities. In a series of reviews, we have summarized the bioactive natural products isolated from Chinese marine flora and fauna found during 2000-2012. The present review provides an updated summary covering our latest research progress and development in the last decade (2012-2022) highlighting the discovery of over 400 novel marine secondary metabolites with promising bioactivities from South China Sea marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Ming-Zhi Su
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
| | - Yue-Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Perea MA, Wang B, Wyler BC, Ham JS, O’Connor NR, Nagasawa S, Kimura Y, Manske C, Scherübl M, Nguyen JM, Sarpong R. General Synthetic Approach to Diverse Taxane Cores. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21398-21407. [PMID: 36346461 PMCID: PMC9901290 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis of natural products is typically inspired by the structure and function of a target molecule. When both factors are of interest, such as in the case of taxane diterpenoids, a synthesis can both serve as a platform for synthetic strategy development and enable new biological exploration. Guided by this paradigm, we present here a unified enantiospecific approach to diverse taxane cores from the feedstock monoterpenoid (S)-carvone. Key to the success of our approach was the use of a skeletal remodeling strategy which began with the divergent reorganization and convergent coupling of two carvone-derived fragments, facilitated by Pd-catalyzed C-C bond cleavage tactics. This coupling was followed by additional restructuring using a Sm(II)-mediated rearrangement and a bioinspired, visible-light induced, transannular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition. Overall, this divergent monoterpenoid remodeling/convergent fragment coupling approach to complex diterpenoid synthesis provides access to structurally disparate taxane cores which have set the stage for the preparation of a wide range of taxanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin C. Wyler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jin Su Ham
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nicholas R. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Shota Nagasawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yuto Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Carolin Manske
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Maximilian Scherübl
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Johny M. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Na CG, Kang SH, Sarpong R. Development of a C-C Bond Cleavage/Vinylation/Mizoroki-Heck Cascade Reaction: Application to the Total Synthesis of 14- and 15-Hydroxypatchoulol. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19253-19257. [PMID: 36240482 PMCID: PMC9635941 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A C-C bond cleavage/vinylation/Mizoroki-Heck cascade reaction has been developed to provide access to densely functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2]octane frameworks. The sequence proceeds through the coupling of dihydroxylated pinene derivatives, prepared from carvone, with gem-dichloroalkenes. The method was applied to 12-step total syntheses of both 14- and 15-hydroxypatchoulol, which provided unambiguous support for the structure of the natural products and corrects a misassignment in the isolation report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina G Na
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Suh Hyun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nanda T, Fastheem M, Linda A, Pati BV, Banjare SK, Biswal P, Ravikumar PC. Recent Advancement in Palladium-Catalyzed C–C Bond Activation of Strained Ring Systems: Three- and Four-Membered Carbocycles as Prominent C3/C4 Building Blocks. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmayee Nanda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Muhammed Fastheem
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Astha Linda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Bedadyuti Vedvyas Pati
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Shyam Kumar Banjare
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Pragati Biswal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ponneri C. Ravikumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lusi RF, Sennari G, Sarpong R. Strategy Evolution in a Skeletal Remodeling and C-H Functionalization-Based Synthesis of the Longiborneol Sesquiterpenoids. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17277-17294. [PMID: 36098550 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Detailed herein are our synthesis studies of longiborneol and related natural products. Our overarching goals of utilizing a "camphor first" strategy enabled by skeletal remodeling of carvone, and late-stage diversification using C-H functionalizations, led to divergent syntheses of the target natural products. Our initial approach proposed a lithiate addition to unite two fragments followed by a Conia-ene or Pd-mediated cycloalkylation reaction sequence to install the seven-membered ring emblematic of the longibornane core. This approach was unsuccessful and evolved into a revised plan that employed a Wittig coupling and a radical cyclization to establish the core. A reductive radical cyclization, which was explored first, led to a synthesis of copaborneol, a structural isomer of longiborneol. Alternatively, a metal-hydride hydrogen atom transfer-initiated cyclization was effective for a synthesis of longiborneol. Late-stage C-H functionalization of the longibornane core led to a number of hydroxylated longiborneol congeners. The need for significant optimization of the strategies that were employed as well as the methods for C-H functionalization to implement these strategies highlights the ongoing challenges in applying these powerful reactions. Nevertheless, the reported approach enables functionalization of every natural product-relevant C-H bond in the longibornane skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Lusi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Goh Sennari
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,O̅mura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ishida N, Ito M, Murakami M. Thermal Metathesis of C–C Single Bonds Induced by Steric Frustration. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ishida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510
| | - Misato Ito
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The synthetic utility of rearrangement reactions in total synthesis for the rapid construction of core skeletons, the precise control of stereochemistry, and the identification of suitable synthons has been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liansuo Zu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|