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Wang S, Li H, Dong K, Shu W, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhao R, Wei S, Feng D, Xiao X, Zhang W. A universal and specific RNA biosensor via DNA circuit-mediated PAM-independent CRISPR/Cas12a and PolyA-rolling circle amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 226:115139. [PMID: 36774734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Point of care testing (POCT) has important clinical significance for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of diseases. At present, the biosensor based on CRISPR/Cas12a has become a powerful diagnostic tool due to its high sensitivity. However, CRISPR/Cas12a requires PAM sequence to recognize target double strand and only can recognize specific sequence, so it is not universal. The current RNA detection techniques either lack consideration for specificity and universality, are expensive and difficult, or both. Therefore, it is crucial to create a CRISPR/Cas12a-based RNA detection system that is easy to use, cheap, specific, and universal in order to further its use in molecular diagnostics. Here, we established a DNA circuit-mediated PAM-independent CRISPR/Cas12a coupled PolyA-rolling circle amplification for RNA detection biosensor, namely DCPRBiosensor. The DCPRBiosensor not only functions as a simple, inexpensive, and highly sensitive RNA detection sensor, but it also boasts innovative specificity and universality features. More importantly, DCPRBiosensor removes the PAM restriction of CRISPR/Cas12a. The DCPRBiosensor's detection limit reached 100 aM and it had a linear relationship between 100 aM and 10 pM. We detected four piRNAs to verify the universality and stability of DCPRBiosensor. Then, we verified that DCPRBiosensor has good discrimination ability for single-base mismatch. Finally, we successfully detected piRNA in DLD-1 and HCT-116 cells and urine mixed samples within 4.5 h. In conclusion, we believe that DCPRBiosensor will have a substantial impact on both the development of CRISPR/as12a's applications and the investigation of the clinical value of piRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidan Wang
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Haojia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Kejun Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Wan Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Sitian Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Dilu Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Xianjin Xiao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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2
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Chantipmanee N, Xu Y. Nanofluidics for chemical and biological dynamics in solution at the single molecular level. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Xie Y, Li H, Chen F, Udayakumar S, Arora K, Chen H, Lan Y, Hu Q, Zhou X, Guo X, Xiu L, Yin K. Clustered Regularly Interspaced short palindromic repeats-Based Microfluidic System in Infectious Diseases Diagnosis: Current Status, Challenges, and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204172. [PMID: 36257813 PMCID: PMC9731715 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitigating the spread of global infectious diseases requires rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Conventional diagnostic techniques for infectious diseases typically require sophisticated equipment and are time consuming. Emerging clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) detection systems have shown remarkable potential as next-generation diagnostic tools to achieve rapid, sensitive, specific, and field-deployable diagnoses of infectious diseases, based on state-of-the-art microfluidic platforms. Therefore, a review of recent advances in CRISPR-based microfluidic systems for infectious diseases diagnosis is urgently required. This review highlights the mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas biosensing and cutting-edge microfluidic devices including paper, digital, and integrated wearable platforms. Strategies to simplify sample pretreatment, improve diagnostic performance, and achieve integrated detection are discussed. Current challenges and future perspectives contributing to the development of more effective CRISPR-based microfluidic diagnostic systems are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Fumin Chen
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Srisruthi Udayakumar
- Division of Engineering in MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02139USA
| | - Khyati Arora
- Division of Engineering in MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02139USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Division of Engineering in MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02139USA
| | - Yang Lan
- Centre for Nature‐Inspired EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK
| | - Qinqin Hu
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Xiaonong Zhou
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Leshan Xiu
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Kun Yin
- School of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025P. R. China
- One Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University‐The University of EdinburghShanghai200025P. R. China
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4
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Yang J, Xu Y. Nanofluidics for sub-single cellular studies: Nascent progress, critical technologies, and future perspectives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Recent Advances in Quartz Crystal Microbalance Biosensors Based on the Molecular Imprinting Technique for Disease-Related Biomarkers. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecular imprinting technique is a quickly developing field of interest regarding the synthesis of artificial recognition elements that enable the specific determination of target molecule/analyte from a matrix. Recently, these smart materials can be successfully applied to biomolecule detection in biomimetic biosensors. These biosensors contain a biorecognition element (a bioreceptor) and a transducer, like their biosensor analogs. Here, the basic difference is that molecular imprinting-based biosensors use a synthetic recognition element. Molecular imprinting polymers used as the artificial recognition elements in biosensor platforms are complementary in shape, size, specific binding sites, and functionality to their template analytes. Recent progress in biomolecular recognition has supplied extra diagnostic and treatment methods for various diseases. Cost-effective, more robust, and high-throughput assays are needed for monitoring biomarkers in clinical settings. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensors are promising tools for the real-time and quick detection of biomolecules in the past two decades A quick, simple-to-use, and cheap biomarkers detection technology based on biosensors has been developed. This critical review presents current applications in molecular imprinting-based quartz crystal microbalance biosensors for the quantification of biomarkers for disease monitoring and diagnostic results.
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Liu Y, Teng L, Yin B, Meng H, Yin X, Huan S, Song G, Zhang XB. Chemical Design of Activatable Photoacoustic Probes for Precise Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6850-6918. [PMID: 35234464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging technology, a three-dimensional hybrid imaging modality that integrates the advantage of optical and acoustic imaging, has great application prospects in molecular imaging due to its high imaging depth and resolution. To endow PA imaging with the ability for real-time molecular visualization and precise biomedical diagnosis, numerous activatable molecular PA probes which can specifically alter their PA intensities upon reacting with the targets or biological events of interest have been developed. This review highlights the recent developments of activatable PA probes for precise biomedical applications including molecular detection of the biotargets and imaging of the biological events. First, the generation mechanism of PA signals will be given, followed by a brief introduction to contrast agents used for PA probe design. Then we will particularly summarize the general design principles for the alteration of PA signals and activatable strategies for developing precise PA probes. Furthermore, we will give a detailed discussion of activatable PA probes in molecular detection and biomedical imaging applications in living systems. At last, the current challenges and outlooks of future PA probes will be discussed. We hope that this review will stimulate new ideas to explore the potentials of activatable PA probes for precise biomedical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lili Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Baoli Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Meng
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyan Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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7
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Hua X, Fan J, Yang L, Wang J, Wen Y, Su L, Zhang X. Rapid detection of miRNA via development of consecutive adenines (polyA)-based electrochemical biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 198:113830. [PMID: 34861526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report rapid electrochemical detection of miRNA let-7a based on a DNA probe consisting of a polyA and Fc-co-labeled harpin structure (the polyA-H probe). The polyA-H probe could be facilely immobilized on Au surfaces through the interactions between polyA and Au, followed by its pre-hybridization with a single strand (S1). The probe's surface density could be optimized for minimizing steric hindrance via changing the polyA block length. The target let-7a could be rapidly amplified via loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with four simplified primers, followed by inducing the formation of dimeric i-motif (DIM) structure via H+-induced rapid folding of two C-rich sequences of motif strand 1 and strand 2. It was found that, after introducing the as-formed DIM to hybridize the S1, the immobilized polyA20-H probe could rapidly revert to its hairpin structure, sending out a turn-on electrochemical signal of the Fc. The total time for detecting the let-7a was around 80 min, obviously less than that of most of electrochemical DNA sensors reported previously. The biosensor showed a linear relationship of the current response to the let-7a in the range of 10 fM to 50 nM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.1 fM. Our biosensors were further tested using human serum spiked with the let-7a and the extracts of the breast adenocarcinoma cells spiked with and without the let-7a, respectively. Satisfied results were obtained. This study shows a potential promising future of development of electrochemical biosensors for rapid detection of miRNAs in the application of clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hua
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Lingzhi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biomedicine and Biopharmacology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Lei Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, PR China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518037, PR China
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Kang D, Yu J, Xia F, Huang J, Zeng H, Tirrell M, Israelachvili J, Plaxco KW. Nanometer-Scale Force Profiles of Short Single- and Double-Stranded DNA Molecules on a Gold Surface Measured Using a Surface Forces Apparatus. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13346-13352. [PMID: 34730362 PMCID: PMC8968159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Using a surface forces apparatus (SFA), we have studied the nanomechanical behavior of short single-stranded and partially and fully double-stranded DNA molecules attached via one end to a self-assembled monolayer on a gold surface. Our results confirm the previously proposed "mushroom-like" polymer structure for surface-attached, single-stranded DNA at low packing density and a "brush-like" structure for the same construct at higher density. At low density we observe a transition to "rigid rod" behavior upon addition of DNA complementary to the surface-attached single strand as the fraction of molecules that are double-stranded increases, with a concomitant increase in the SFA-observed thickness of the monolayer and the characteristic length of the observed repulsive forces. At higher densities, in contrast, this transition is effectively eliminated, presumably because the single-stranded state is already extended in its "brush" state. Taken together, these studies offer insights into the structure and physics of surface-attached short DNAs, providing new guidance for the rational design of DNA-modified functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Fan Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jacob Israelachvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kevin W Plaxco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Interdepartmental Program in Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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Qing M, Chen SL, Sun Z, Fan Y, Luo HQ, Li NB. Universal and Programmable Rolling Circle Amplification-CRISPR/Cas12a-Mediated Immobilization-Free Electrochemical Biosensor. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7499-7507. [PMID: 33980009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of a sensing platform with high sensitivity and specificity, especially programmability and universal applicability, for the detection of clinically relevant molecules is highly valuable for disease monitoring and confirmation but remains a challenge. Here, for the first time, we introduce the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas system into an immobilization-free electrochemical biosensing platform for sensitively and specifically detecting the disease-related nucleic acids and small molecules. In this strategy, a modular rolling circle amplification (RCA) is designed to transform and amplify the target recognition event into the universal trigger DNA strand that is used as the trigger to activate the deoxyribonuclease activity of CRISPR/Cas12a for further signal amplification. The cleavage of the target-activated blocker probe allows the methylene blue-labeled reporter probes to be captured by the reduced graphene oxide-modified electrode, leading to an obviously increased electrochemical signal. We only need to simply tune the sequence for target recognition in RCA components, and this strategy can be flexibly applied to the highly sensitive and specific detection of microRNAs, Parvovirus B19 DNA, and adenosine-5'-triphosphate and the calculated limit of detection is 0.83 aM, 0.52 aM, and 0.46 pM, respectively. In addition, we construct DNA logic circuits (YES, NOT, OR, AND) of DNA inputs to experimentally demonstrate the modularity and programmability of the stimuli-responsive RCA-CRISPR/Cas12a system. This work broadens the application of the CRISPR/Cas12a system to the immobilization-free electrochemical biosensing platform and provides a new thinking for developing a robust tool for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qing
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hong Qun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Nian Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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Yang M, Villarreal JC, Ariyasinghe N, Kruithoff R, Ros R, Ros A. Quantitative Approach for Protein Analysis in Small Cell Ensembles by an Integrated Microfluidic Chip with MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6053-6061. [PMID: 33819014 PMCID: PMC8128341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that cells are individually heterogeneous. Advancing the technologies for single-cell analysis will improve our ability to characterize cells, study cell biology, design and screen drugs, and aid cancer diagnosis and treatment. Most current single-cell protein analysis approaches are based on fluorescent antibody-binding technology. However, this technology is limited by high background and cross-talk of multiple tags introduced by fluorescent labels. Stable isotope labels used in mass cytometry can overcome the spectral overlap of fluorophores. Nevertheless, the specificity of each antibody and heavy-metal-tagged antibody combination must be carefully validated to ensure detection of the intended target. Thus, novel single-cell protein analysis methods without using labels are urgently needed. Moreover, the labeling approach targets already known motifs, hampering the discovery of new biomarkers relevant to single-cell population variation. Here, we report a combined microfluidic and matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric approach for the analysis of protein biomarkers suitable for small cell ensembles. All necessary steps for cell analysis including cell lysis, protein capture, and digestion as well as MALDI matrix deposition are integrated on a microfluidic chip prior to the downstream MALDI-time-of-flight (TOF) detection. For proof of principle, this combined method is used to assess the amount of Bcl-2, an apoptosis regulator, in metastatic breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by using an isotope-labeled peptide as an internal standard. The proposed approach will eventually provide a new means for proteome studies in small cell ensembles with the potential for single-cell analysis and improve our ability in disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430081, P.R.China
| | - Jorvani Cruz Villarreal
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-1604, USA
- Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-7401, USA
| | - Nethmi Ariyasinghe
- Department of Physics and Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-1504, USA
- Center for Single Molecule Biophysics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Rory Kruithoff
- Department of Physics and Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-1504, USA
| | - Robert Ros
- Department of Physics and Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-1504, USA
- Center for Single Molecule Biophysics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Alexandra Ros
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-1604, USA
- Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, 85287-7401, USA
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11
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Toward a Quantitative Relationship between Nanoscale Spatial Organization and Hybridization Kinetics of Surface Immobilized Hairpin DNA Probes. ACS Sens 2021; 6:371-379. [PMID: 32945167 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization of DNA probes immobilized on a solid support is a key process for DNA biosensors and microarrays. Although the surface environment is known to influence the kinetics of DNA hybridization, so far it has not been possible to quantitatively predict how hybridization kinetics is influenced by the complex interactions of the surface environment. Using spatial statistical analysis of probes and hybridized target molecules on a few electrochemical DNA (E-DNA) sensors, functioning through hybridization-induced conformational change of redox-tagged hairpin probes, we developed a phenomenological model that describes how the hybridization rates for single probe molecules are determined by the local environment. The predicted single-molecule rate constants, upon incorporation into numerical simulation, reproduced the overall kinetics of E-DNA sensor surfaces at different probe densities and different degrees of probe clustering. Our study showed that the nanoscale spatial organization is a major factor behind the counterintuitive trends in hybridization kinetics. It also highlights the importance of models that can account for heterogeneity in surface hybridization. The molecular level understanding of hybridization at surfaces and accurate prediction of hybridization kinetics may lead to new opportunities in development of more sensitive and reproducible DNA biosensors and microarrays.
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Labib M, Philpott DN, Wang Z, Nemr C, Chen JB, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Magnetic Ranking Cytometry: Profiling Rare Cells at the Single-Cell Level. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1445-1457. [PMID: 32662263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity in biological systems presents major challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and also complicates the deconvolution of complex cellular phenomena. Single-cell analysis methods provide information that is not masked by the intrinsic heterogeneity of the bulk population and can therefore be applied to gain insights into heterogeneity among different cell subpopulations with fine resolution. Over the last 5 years, an explosion in the number of single-cell measurement methods has occurred. However, most of these methods are applicable to pure populations of cultured cells and are not able to handle high levels of phenotypic heterogeneity or a large background of nontarget cells. Microfluidics is an attractive tool for single cell manipulation as it enables individual encasing of single cells, allowing for high-throughput analysis with precise control of the local environment. Our laboratory has developed a new microfluidics-based analytical strategy to meet this unmet need referred to as magnetic ranking cytometry (MagRC). Cells expressing a biomarker of interest are labeled with receptor-coated magnetic nanoparticles and isolated from nontarget cells using a microfluidic device. The device ranks the cells according to the level of bound magnetic nanoparticles, which corresponds to the expression level of a target biomarker. Over the last several years, two generations of MagRC devices have been developed for different applications. The first-generation MagRC devices are powerful tools for the quantitation and analysis of rare cells present in heterogeneous samples, such as circulating tumor cells, stem cells, and pathogenic bacteria. The second-generation MagRC devices are compatible with the efficient recovery of cells sorted on the basis of protein expression and can be used to analyze large populations of cells and perform phenotypic CRISPR screens. To improve analytical precision, newer iterations of the first-generation and second-generation MagRC devices have been integrated with electrochemical sensors and Hall effect sensors, respectively. Both generations of MagRC devices permit the isolation of viable cells, which sets the stage for a wide range of applications, such as generating cell lines from rare cells and in vitro screening for effective therapeutic interventions in cancer patients to realize the promise of personalized medicine. This Account summarizes the development and application of the MagRC and describes a suite of advances that have enabled single-cell tumor cell analysis and monitoring tumor response to therapy, stem cell analysis, and detection of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - David N. Philpott
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Carine Nemr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jenise B. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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13
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Hwang MT, Heiranian M, Kim Y, You S, Leem J, Taqieddin A, Faramarzi V, Jing Y, Park I, van der Zande AM, Nam S, Aluru NR, Bashir R. Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids using deformed graphene channel field effect biosensors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1543. [PMID: 32210235 PMCID: PMC7093535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors allow label-free detection of biomolecules by measuring their intrinsic charges. The detection limit of these sensors is determined by the Debye screening of the charges from counter ions in solutions. Here, we use FETs with a deformed monolayer graphene channel for the detection of nucleic acids. These devices with even millimeter scale channels show an ultra-high sensitivity detection in buffer and human serum sample down to 600 zM and 20 aM, respectively, which are ∼18 and ∼600 nucleic acid molecules. Computational simulations reveal that the nanoscale deformations can form 'electrical hot spots' in the sensing channel which reduce the charge screening at the concave regions. Moreover, the deformed graphene could exhibit a band-gap, allowing an exponential change in the source-drain current from small numbers of charges. Collectively, these phenomena allow for ultrasensitive electronic biomolecular detection in millimeter scale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Heiranian
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yerim Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Seungyong You
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Juyoung Leem
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Amir Taqieddin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Vahid Faramarzi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yuhang Jing
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Insu Park
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Arend M van der Zande
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Sungwoo Nam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Narayana R Aluru
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States.
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
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14
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Hwang MT, Heiranian M, Kim Y, You S, Leem J, Taqieddin A, Faramarzi V, Jing Y, Park I, van der Zande AM, Nam S, Aluru NR, Bashir R. Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids using deformed graphene channel field effect biosensors. Nat Commun 2020. [PMID: 32210235 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15330-15339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors allow label-free detection of biomolecules by measuring their intrinsic charges. The detection limit of these sensors is determined by the Debye screening of the charges from counter ions in solutions. Here, we use FETs with a deformed monolayer graphene channel for the detection of nucleic acids. These devices with even millimeter scale channels show an ultra-high sensitivity detection in buffer and human serum sample down to 600 zM and 20 aM, respectively, which are ∼18 and ∼600 nucleic acid molecules. Computational simulations reveal that the nanoscale deformations can form 'electrical hot spots' in the sensing channel which reduce the charge screening at the concave regions. Moreover, the deformed graphene could exhibit a band-gap, allowing an exponential change in the source-drain current from small numbers of charges. Collectively, these phenomena allow for ultrasensitive electronic biomolecular detection in millimeter scale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Heiranian
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yerim Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Seungyong You
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Juyoung Leem
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Amir Taqieddin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Vahid Faramarzi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yuhang Jing
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Insu Park
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Arend M van der Zande
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Sungwoo Nam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Narayana R Aluru
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States.
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
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15
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Xu X, Makaraviciute A, Abdurakhmanov E, Wermeling F, Li S, Danielson UH, Nyholm L, Zhang Z. Estimating Detection Limits of Potentiometric DNA Sensors Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Analyses. ACS Sens 2020; 5:217-224. [PMID: 31833355 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As the signals of potentiometric-based DNA ion-selective field effect transistor (ISFET) sensors differ largely from report to report, a systematic revisit to this method is needed. Herein, the hybridization of the target and the probe DNA on the sensor surface and its dependence on the surface probe DNA coverage and the ionic strength were systematically investigated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The maximum potentiometric DNA hybridization signal that could be registered by an ISFET sensor was estimated based on the SPR measurements, without considering buffering effects from any side interaction on the sensing electrode. We found that under physiological solutions (200 to 300 mM ionic strength), the ISFET sensor could not register the DNA hybridization events on the sensor surface due to Debye screening. Lowering the salt concentration to enlarge the Debye length would at the same time reduce the surface hybridization efficiency, thus suppressing the signal. This adverse effect of low salt concentration on the hybridization efficiency was also found to be more significant on the surface with higher probe coverage due to steric hindrance. With the method of diluting buffer, the maximum potentiometric signal generated by the DNA hybridization was estimated to be only around 120 mV with the lowest detection limit of 30 nM, occurring on a surface with optimized probe coverage and in the tris buffer with 10 mM NaCl. An alternative method would be to achieve high-efficiency hybridization in the buffer with high salt concentration (1 M NaCl) and then to perform potentiometric measurements in the buffer with low salt concentration (1 mM NaCl). Based on the characterization of the stability of the hybridized DNA duplexes on the sensor surface in low salt concentration buffer solutions, the estimated maximum potentiometric signal could be significantly higher using the alternative method. The lowest detection limit for this alternative method was estimated to be around 0.6 nM. This work can serve as an important quantitative reference for potentiometric DNA sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Xu
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Asta Makaraviciute
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eldar Abdurakhmanov
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Wermeling
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shiyu Li
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - U. Helena Danielson
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Nyholm
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Zhang Q, Zhang X, Li J, Gai H. Nonstochastic Protein Counting Analysis for Precision Biomarker Detection: Suppressing Poisson Noise at Ultralow Concentration. Anal Chem 2019; 92:654-658. [PMID: 31820622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein counting analysis obtains the quantitative results of specific protein through counting the number of target signals and displays a great value in disease diagnosis. Current protein counting techniques just stochastically count a small portion of the target signal, which causes a considerable information loss and limits the accuracy and precision of the protein assay at ultralow concentration. Here, we present a nonstochastic and ultrasensitive protein counting method through combining multiround evaporation-induced particle sedimentation, grid-assisted multiframe imaging, and microsphere-enhanced high-resolution signals. Using carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as the model, the dynamic range was from 5 × 10-18 M (aM) to 5 × 10-16 M, and the limit of detection was 4.9 aM. For CEA-spiked plasma detection, the relative standard deviation and the relative error of CEA concentrations were both lower than 8.0%, and the recoveries reached 92.5% and 98.8% for 20.0 aM and 40.0 aM CEA respectively. Two clinical plasma samples were measured by the standard addition method, and the results showed little deviation with the values provided by the hospital. The established approach suppresses Poisson noise of the stochastic counting, offers ultrahigh sensitivity, and features a remarkable potential in early disease screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu 221116 , China
| | - Xuebing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu 221116 , China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu 221116 , China
| | - Hongwei Gai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu 221116 , China
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17
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Ihmels H. Dyes in modern organic chemistry. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2798-2800. [PMID: 31807214 PMCID: PMC6880821 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Ihmels
- University of Siegen, Department of Chemistry and Biology, and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
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18
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Li Y, Fang Q, Miao X, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Yan J, Zhang Y, Wu R, Nie B, Hirtz M, Liu J. Aptamer Conformation-Cooperated Enzyme-Assisted Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Enabling Ultrasensitive Detection of Cell Surface Protein Biomarkers in Blood Samples. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2605-2614. [PMID: 31514496 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing novel strategies for sensitive and specific detection of protein biomarkers is a field of active research. Here, we report an ultrasensitive biosensor to detect protein tyrosine kinase-7 (PTK7), an important protein biomarker on the cell surface, by aptamer conformation-cooperated enzyme-assisted surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) (ACCESS) technology. Our approach features a synergistic combination of the conformational alteration of the anglerfish aptamer triggered by the recognition of the membrane protein (PTK7) and Exo III enzyme-assisted nucleic acid amplification. It transduces the specific binding events between the aptamer and PTK7 protein into dramatically improved SERS signals. Sensitive and specific detection of PTK7 protein has been demonstrated both in the solution and directly on the surface of live CCRF-CEM cells, with a limit of detection better than the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method by nearly 5 orders of magnitude. As a flexible, ultrasensitive, and specific approach, ACCESS promises important applications in clinical diagnostics, where only a very limited amount of the biological sample is available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Baoqing Nie
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
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19
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Mo KQ, Ma XF, Wang HL, Zhu ZH, Liu YC, Zou HH, Liang FP. Tracking the Multistep Formation of Ln(III) Complexes with in situ Schiff Base Exchange Reaction and its Highly Selective Sensing of Dichloromethane. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12231. [PMID: 31439933 PMCID: PMC6706376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Four complexes, namely, [Ln2(L2)2(NO3)4]. 2CH3OH (Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), Er (4), and L2 = (E)-2-methoxy-6-(((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)imino)methyl)phenol), were obtained by reacting (E)-2-((3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)amino)ethanesulfonate (L1), Ln(NO3)3·6H2O, and 2-aminomethylpyridine at room temperature under solvothermal conditions in methanol for 12 h. The new Schiff base L2 was generated in situ based on the organic ligand L1 and 2-aminomethylpyridine through Schiff base exchange reaction by using lanthanide salts as inductor. A combination of crystallography and mass spectrometry was performed to track the exchange reaction, and the underlying mechanism accompanied by the complex assembly process was clearly presented. The multistep formation mechanism of the above dinuclear complex was also proposed, i.e., [L1] → Dy[L1]/[L2] → Dy[L2] → Dy[L2]2 → Dy2[L2]2. Luminescence test of 1 showed that it had extremely high selectivity to dichloromethane (CH2Cl2). Therefore, we established a quick, simple, and efficient method of detecting CH2Cl2 that enabled strong-luminescence observation with the naked eye. Tests for small amounts of CH2Cl2 in water further indicated the potential of 1 as a test strip for CH2Cl2 fluorescence detection in water samples. Alternating-current magnetic susceptibility studies indicated the field-induced single-molecule magnet behavior of 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Qiang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xiong-Feng Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Hong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China.
| | - Yan-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China.
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China.
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20
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Yao T, Hun X. A design for the photoelectrochemical detection of miRNA-221 based on a tungsten diselenide–cysteine–dopamine nanoprobe coupled with mismatched catalytic hairpin assembly target recycling with ultra-low background noise. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10380-10383. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05625d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the photoelectrochemical detection of miRNA with ultra-low background noise was developed using tungsten diselenide–cysteine–dopamine (WSe2/Cys/DA) as a nanoprobe coupled with mismatched catalytic hairpin assembly target recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- MOE
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
| | - Xu Hun
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- MOE
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
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21
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Xiong LH, He X, Zhao Z, Kwok RTK, Xiong Y, Gao PF, Yang F, Huang Y, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lam JWY, Cheng J, Zhang R, Tang BZ. Ultrasensitive Virion Immunoassay Platform with Dual-Modality Based on a Multifunctional Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9549-9557. [PMID: 30148962 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and accurate detection of highly contagious virus is urgently demanded for disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, based on a multifunctional aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), a dual-modality readout immunoassay platform for ultrasensitive detection of viruses has been successfully demonstrated. The platform is relied on virions immuno-bridged enzymatic hydrolysis of AIEgen, accompanying with the in situ formation of highly emissive AIE aggregates and shelling of silver on gold nanoparticles. As a result, robust turn-on fluorescence and naked-eye discernible plasmonic colorimetry composed dual-signal is achieved. By further taking advantage of effective immunomagnetic enrichment, EV71 virions, as an example, can be specifically detected with a limit of detection down to 1.4 copies/μL under fluorescence modality. Additionally, semiquantitative discerning of EV71 virions is realized in a broad range from 1.3 × 103 to 2.5 × 106 copies/μL with the naked eye. Most importantly, EV71 virions in 24 real clinical samples are successfully diagnosed with 100% accuracy. Comparing to the gold standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, our immunoassay platform do not need complicated sample pretreatment and expensive instruments. This dual-modality strategy builds a good capability for both colorimetry based convenient preliminary screening and fluorescence based accurate diagnosis of suspect infections in virus-stricken areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Peng Fei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Fan Yang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yalan Huang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Herman H-Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Renli Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 00852, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
- NSFC Center for Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
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22
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Jalali M, AbdelFatah T, Mahshid SS, Labib M, Sudalaiyadum Perumal A, Mahshid S. A Hierarchical 3D Nanostructured Microfluidic Device for Sensitive Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801893. [PMID: 30048039 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Efficient capture and rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria from body fluids lead to early diagnostics of bacterial infections and significantly enhance the survival rate. We propose a universal nano/microfluidic device integrated with a 3D nanostructured detection platform for sensitive and quantifiable detection of pathogenic bacteria. Surface characterization of the nanostructured detection platform confirms a uniform distribution of hierarchical 3D nano-/microisland (NMI) structures with spatial orientation and nanorough protrusions. The hierarchical 3D NMI is the unique characteristic of the integrated device, which enables enhanced capture and quantifiable detection of bacteria via both a probe-free and immunoaffinity detection method. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate probe-free capture of pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) and immunocapture of methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Our device demonstrates a linear range between 50 and 104 CFU mL-1 , with average efficiency of 93% and 85% for probe-free detection of E. coli and immunoaffinity detection of MRSA, respectively. It is successfully demonstrated that the spatial orientation of 3D NMIs contributes in quantifiable detection of fluorescently labeled bacteria, while the nanorough protrusions contribute in probe-free capture of bacteria. The ease of fabrication, integration, and implementation can inspire future point-of-care devices based on nanomaterial interfaces for sensitive and high-throughput optical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Jalali
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Tamer AbdelFatah
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Sahar Sadat Mahshid
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | | | - Sara Mahshid
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada
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Ye D, Zuo X, Fan C. DNA Nanotechnology-Enabled Interfacial Engineering for Biosensor Development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:171-195. [PMID: 29490188 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors represent biomimetic analytical tools for addressing increasing needs in medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, security, and biodefense. Nevertheless, widespread real-world applications of biosensors remain challenging due to limitations of performance, including sensitivity, specificity, speed, and reproducibility. In this review, we present a DNA nanotechnology-enabled interfacial engineering approach for improving the performance of biosensors. We first introduce the main challenges of the biosensing interfaces, especially under the context of controlling the DNA interfacial assembly. We then summarize recent progress in DNA nanotechnology and efforts to harness DNA nanostructures to engineer various biological interfaces, with a particular focus on the use of framework nucleic acids. We also discuss the implementation of biosensors to detect physiologically relevant nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules, ions, and other biomarkers. This review highlights promising applications of DNA nanotechnology in interfacial engineering for biosensors and related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekai Ye
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Schools of Medicine and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
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24
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Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wu L, Zong S, Yun B, Cui Y. Combining Multiplex SERS Nanovectors and Multivariate Analysis for In Situ Profiling of Circulating Tumor Cell Phenotype Using a Microfluidic Chip. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704433. [PMID: 29665274 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Isolating and in situ profiling the heterogeneous molecular phenotype of circulating tumor cells are of great significance for clinical cancer diagnosis and personalized therapy. Herein, an on-chip strategy is proposed that combines size-based microfluidic cell isolation with multiple spectrally orthogonal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis for in situ profiling of cell membrane proteins and identification of cancer subpopulations. With the developed microfluidic chip, tumor cells are sieved from blood on the basis of size discrepancy. To enable multiplex phenotypic analysis, three kinds of spectrally orthogonal SERS aptamer nanovectors are designed, providing individual cells with composite spectral signatures in accordance with surface protein expression. Next, to statistically demultiplex the complex SERS signature and profile the cellular proteomic phenotype, a revised classic least square algorithm is employed to obtain the 3D phenotypic information at single-cell resolution. Combined with categorization algorithm partial least square discriminate analysis, cells from different human breast cancer subtypes can be reliably classified with high sensitivity and selectivity. The results demonstrate that this platform can identify cancer subtypes with the spectral information correlated to the clinically relevant surface receptors, which holds great potential for clinical cancer diagnosis and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhuyuan Wang
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Shenfei Zong
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Binfeng Yun
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yiping Cui
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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Das J, Ivanov I, Safaei TS, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Combinatorial Probes for High-Throughput Electrochemical Analysis of Circulating Nucleic Acids in Clinical Samples. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3711-3716. [PMID: 29389071 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of circulating tumour nucleic acids (ctNAs) provides a minimally invasive way to assess the mutational spectrum of a tumour. However, effective and practical methods for analyzing this emerging class of markers are lacking. Analysis of ctNAs using a sensor-based approach has notable challenges, as it is vital to differentiate nucleic acids from normal cells from mutation-bearing sequences emerging from tumours. Moreover, many genes related to cancer have dozens of different mutations. Herein, we report an electrochemical approach that directly detects genes with mutations in patient serum by using combinatorial probes (CPs). The CPs enable detection of all of the mutant alleles derived from the same part of the gene. As a proof of concept, we analyze mutations of the EGFR gene, which has more than 40 clinically relevant alterations that include deletions, insertions, and point mutations. Our CP-based approach accurately detects mutant sequences directly in patient serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Ivaylo Ivanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Tina S Safaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
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26
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Das J, Ivanov I, Safaei TS, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Combinatorial Probes for High-Throughput Electrochemical Analysis of Circulating Nucleic Acids in Clinical Samples. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Toronto; Toronto ON M5S 3M2 Canada
| | - Ivaylo Ivanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Toronto; Toronto ON M5S 3M2 Canada
| | - Tina S. Safaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Faculty of Engineering Department; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Faculty of Engineering Department; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Toronto; Toronto ON M5S 3M2 Canada
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27
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Bizzotto D, Burgess IJ, Doneux T, Sagara T, Yu HZ. Beyond Simple Cartoons: Challenges in Characterizing Electrochemical Biosensor Interfaces. ACS Sens 2018; 3:5-12. [PMID: 29282982 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Design and development of surface-based biosensors is challenging given the multidisciplinary nature of this enterprise, which is certainly the case for electrochemical biosensors. Self-assembly approaches are used to modify the surface with capture probes along with electrochemical methods for detection. Complex surface structures are created to improve the probe-target interaction. These multicomponent surface structures are usually idealized in schematic representations. Many rely on the analytical performance of the sensor surface as an indication of the quality of the surface modification strategy. While directly linked to the eventual device, arguments for pursuing a more extensive characterization of the molecular environments at the surface are presented as a path to understanding how to make electrochemical sensors that are more robust, reliable with improved sensitivity. This is a complex task that is most often accomplished using methods that only report the average characteristics of the surface. Less often applied are methods that are sensitive to the probe (or adsorbate) present in nonideal configurations (e.g., aggregates, clusters, nonspecifically adsorbed). Though these structures may compose a small fraction of the overall modified surface, they have an uncertain impact on sensor performance and reliability. Addressing this issue requires application of imaging methods over a variety of length scales (e.g., optical microscopy and/or scanning probe microscopy) that provide valuable insight into the diversity of surface structures and molecular environments present at the sensing interface. Furthermore, using in situ analytical methods, while complex, can be more relevant to the sensing environment. Reliable measurements of the nature and extent of these features are required to assess the impact of these nonideal configurations on the sensing process. The development and use of methods that can characterize complex surface based biosensors is arguably required, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach toward the preparation and analysis of the biosensor surface. In many ways, representing the surface without reliance on overly simplified cartoons will highlight these important considerations for improving sensor characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Bizzotto
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ian J. Burgess
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada
| | - Thomas Doneux
- Chimie
Analytique et Chimie des Interfaces, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Takamasa Sagara
- Division
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8131, Japan
| | - Hua-Zhong Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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D'Agata R, Giuffrida MC, Spoto G. Peptide Nucleic Acid-Based Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis. Molecules 2017; 22:E1951. [PMID: 29137122 PMCID: PMC6150339 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The monitoring of DNA and RNA biomarkers freely circulating in the blood constitutes the basis of innovative cancer detection methods based on liquid biopsy. Such methods are expected to provide new opportunities for a better understanding of cancer disease at the molecular level, thus contributing to improved patient outcomes. Advanced biosensors can advance possibilities for cancer-related nucleic acid biomarkers detection. In this context, peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) play an important role in the fabrication of highly sensitive biosensors. This review provides an overview of recently described PNA-based biosensors for cancer biomarker detection. One of the most striking features of the described detection approaches is represented by the possibility to detect target nucleic acids at the ultra-low concentration with the capability to identify single-base mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D'Agata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Chiara Giuffrida
- Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi", c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
- Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi", c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
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