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Ye L, Yang W, Yang R, Wu Y, Pang Z, Wang X, Huang K, Luo H, Zhang J, Zheng C. Portable purge and trap-microplasma optical emission spectrometric device for field detection of iodine in water. Talanta 2024; 272:125833. [PMID: 38430867 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Iodine is essential for human growth and can enter the body through food, water, and air. Analyzing its presence in the environment is crucial for ensuring healthy human development. However, current large-scale instruments have limitations in the field analysis of iodine. Herein, a miniaturized purge and trap point discharge microplasma optical emission spectrometric (P&T-μPD-OES) device was developed for the field analysis of iodine in water. Volatile iodine molecules were produced from total inorganic iodine (TII) through a basic redox reaction under acidic conditions, then the purge and trap module effectively separated and preconcentrated iodine molecules. The iodine molecules were subsequently atomized and excited by the integrated point discharge microplasma and an iodine atomic emission line at 206.24 nm was monitored by the spectrometer. Under optimal conditions, this proposed method had a detection limit of 16.2 μg L-1 for iodine and a precision better than 4.8%. Besides, the accuracy of the portable device was validated by successful analysis of surface and groundwater samples and a comparison of the mass spectrometry method. This proposed portable, low-power device is expected to support rapid access to iodine levels and distribution in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Ye
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Yuke Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Zhengqin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China
| | - Hong Luo
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
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2
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Li Y, Tang J, Xiao Y, Ren T, Yang J, Lin Y, Zheng C. Dried Blood Spots and Miniaturized Ultrasonic Nebulization Microplasma Optical Emission Spectrometry for Point-of-Care Testing of Blood Lithium. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7187-7193. [PMID: 38671557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite the significant importance of blood lithium (Li) detection in the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD), its point-of-care testing (POCT) remains a great challenge due to tedious sample preparation and the use of large-footprint atomic spectrometers. Herein, a system coupling dried blood spots (DBS) with a point discharge optical emission spectrometer equipped with a miniaturized ultrasonic nebulizer (MUN-μPD-OES) was developed for POCT of blood Li. Three microliters of whole blood were used to prepare a dried blood spot on a piece of filter paper to which 10 μL of eluent (1% (v/v) formic acid and 0.05% (v/v) Triton-X) was added. Subsequently, the paper was placed onto the vibrating steel membrane of the ultrasonic nebulizer and powered on to generate aerosol. The aerosol was directly introduced to the μPD-OES for quantification of Li by monitoring its atomic emission line at 670.8 nm. The proposed method minimized matrix interference caused by high levels of salts and protein. It is worth noting that the MUN suitably matches the needs of DBS sampling and can provide aerosolized introduction of Li into the assembled μPD-OES, thus eliminating all tedious sample preparation and the need for a commercial atomic spectrometer. Calibration response is linear in the therapeutic range and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.3 μg L-1 is well below the Li minimum therapeutic concentration (2800 μg L-1). Li in mouse blood was successfully detected in real-time using MUN-μPD-OES after intraperitoneal injection of lithium carbonate, confirming that the system holds great potential for POCT of blood Li for patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Tang
- China Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yunhan Xiao
- No.3 Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (West District), Chengdu, Sichuan 611730, China
| | | | | | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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3
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Ahmad R, Abdullah, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Alam S, Bhat KS, Mishra P, Lee BI. An Electroanalytical Enzymeless α-Fe 2O 3-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure-Based Sensor for Sensitive Quantification of Nitrite Ions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:706. [PMID: 38668200 PMCID: PMC11054654 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite monitoring serves as a fundamental practice for protecting public health, preserving environmental quality, ensuring food safety, maintaining industrial safety standards, and optimizing agricultural practices. Although many nitrite sensing methods have been recently developed, the quantification of nitrite remains challenging due to sensitivity and selectivity limitations. In this context, we present the fabrication of enzymeless iron oxide nanoparticle-modified zinc oxide nanorod (α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR) hybrid nanostructure-based nitrite sensor fabrication. The α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure was synthesized using a two-step hydrothermal method and characterized in detail utilizing x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These analyses confirm the successful synthesis of an α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure, highlighting its morphology, purity, crystallinity, and elemental constituents. The α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure was used to modify the SPCE (screen-printed carbon electrode) for enzymeless nitrite sensor fabrication. The voltammetric methods (i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)) were employed to explore the electrochemical characteristics of α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR/SPCE sensors for nitrite. Upon examination of the sensor's electrochemical behavior across a range of nitrite concentrations (0 to 500 µM), it is evident that the α-Fe2O3-ZnO NR hybrid nanostructure shows an increased response with increasing nitrite concentration. The sensor demonstrates a linear response to nitrite concentrations up to 400 µM, a remarkable sensitivity of 18.10 µA µM-1 cm-2, and a notably low detection threshold of 0.16 µM. Furthermore, its exceptional selectivity, stability, and reproducibility make it an ideal tool for accurately measuring nitrite levels in serum, yielding reliable outcomes. This advancement heralds a significant step forward in the field of environmental monitoring, offering a potent solution for the precise assessment of nitrite pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiq Ahmad
- ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Abdullah
- Future Energy Convergence Core Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Md. Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.T.R.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohamed F. AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.T.R.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Shamshad Alam
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Kiesar Sideeq Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India;
| | - Prabhash Mishra
- Quantum Materials and Devices Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Byeong-Il Lee
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Digital Healthcare Research Center, Institute of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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4
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Ren T, Lin Y, Su Y, Ye S, Zheng C. Machine Learning-Assisted Portable Microplasma Optical Emission Spectrometer for Food Safety Monitoring. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5170-5177. [PMID: 38512240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
To meet the needs of food safety for simple, rapid, and low-cost analytical methods, a portable device based on a point discharge microplasma optical emission spectrometer (μPD-OES) was combined with machine learning to enable on-site food freshness evaluation and detection of adulteration. The device was integrated with two modular injection units (i.e., headspace solid-phase microextraction and headspace purge) for the examination of various samples. Aromas from meat and coffee were first introduced to the portable device. The aroma molecules were excited to specific atomic and molecular fragments at excited states by room temperature and atmospheric pressure microplasma due to their different atoms and molecular structures. Subsequently, different aromatic molecules obtained their own specific molecular and atomic emission spectra. With the help of machine learning, the portable device was successfully applied to the assessment of meat freshness with accuracies of 96.0, 98.7, and 94.7% for beef, pork, and chicken meat, respectively, through optical emission patterns of the aroma at different storage times. Furthermore, the developed procedures can identify beef samples containing different amounts of duck meat with an accuracy of 99.5% and classify two coffee species without errors, demonstrating the great potential of their application in the discrimination of food adulteration. The combination of machine learning and μPD-OES provides a simple, portable, and cost-effective strategy for food aroma analysis, potentially addressing field monitoring of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yubin Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Simin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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5
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Raucci A, Miglione A, Cimmino W, Cioffi A, Singh S, Spinelli M, Amoresano A, Musile G, Cinti S. Technical Evaluation of a Paper-Based Electrochemical Strip to Measure Nitrite Ions in the Forensic Field. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:136-143. [PMID: 38404486 PMCID: PMC10885323 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite is a compound used as a food additive for its preservative action and coloring capability, as well as an industrial agent for its antifreezing action and for preventing corrosion, and it is also used as a pharmaceutical in cyanide detoxification therapy. However, even recently, because of its high toxicity, it has been used as a murder and suicidal agent due to its affordability and ready availability. In this technical report, we describe an electrochemical paper-based device for selectively determining nitrite in complex biofluids, such as blood, cadaveric blood, vitreous humor, serum, plasma, and urine. The approach was validated in terms of the linearity of response, selectivity, and sensitivity, and the accuracy of the determination was verified by comparing the results with a chromatographic instrumental method. A linear response was observed in the micromolar range; the sensitivity of the method expressed as the limit of detection was 0.4 μM in buffer measurements. The simplicity of use, the portability of the device, and the performance shown make the approach suitable for detecting nitrite in complex biofluids, including contexts of forensic interest, such as murders or suicides in which nitrite is used as a toxic agent. Limits of detection of ca. 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, and 4 μM were obtained in vitreous humor, urine, serum and plasma, blood, and cadaveric blood, also highlighting a satisfactory accuracy comprised between 91 and 112%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Raucci
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Miglione
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Wanda Cimmino
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Cioffi
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sima Singh
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Spinelli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Musile
- Department
of Diagnostics and Public Health, University
of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- BAT
Center—Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental
Technology, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80055 Naples, Italy
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6
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Ren T, Li Y, Wang X, Deng Y, Zheng C. Portable Pyrolysis-Point Discharge Optical Spectrometer for In Situ Plastic Polymer Identification by Coupling with Machine Learning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2554-2563. [PMID: 38266240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Rapid and in situ identification of specific polymers is a challenging and crucial step in plastic recycling. However, conventional techniques continue to exhibit significant limitations in the rapid and field classification of plastic products, especially with the wide range of commercially available color polymers because of their large size, high energy consumption, and slow and complicated analysis procedures. In this work, a simple analytical system integrating a miniature and low power consumption (22.3 W) pyrolyzer (Pyr) and a low temperature, atmospheric pressure point discharge optical emission spectrometer (μPD-OES) was fabricated for rapidly identifying polymer types. Plastic debris is decomposed in the portable pyrolyzer to yield volatile products, which are then swept into the μPD-OES instrument for monitoring the optical emission patterns of the thermal pyrolysis products. With machine learning, five extensively used raw polymers and their consumer plastics were classified with an accuracy of ≥97.8%. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the identification of the aged polymers and plastic samples collected from a garbage recycling station, indicating its great potential for identification of environmentally weathered plastics. This portable Pyr-μPD-OES system provides a cost-effective tool for rapid and field identification of polymer types of recycled plastic for proper management and resource recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 ,China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 ,China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 ,China
| | - Yurong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 ,China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 ,China
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7
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Yang R, Su Y, Ren T, Li Y, Deng Y, Zheng C. Automatic and Matrix Interference-Free Acid-Base Titration by Coupling CO 2 Vapor Generation with Microplasma Carbon Optical Emission Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17238-17245. [PMID: 37966796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Acid-base titration of complex samples is conducive to the rapid evaluation of the degree and risk of environmental pollution to some extent. However, the traditional titration methods usually suffer from serious interference. Herein, an automatic acid-base titration method coupling miniature point discharge optical emission spectrometry (μPD-OES) with CO2 vapor generation was described for the precise, sensitive, and matrix interference-free acid-base titration of complex samples, particularly those with high color intensity, salinity, and turbidity such as wastewater and soil samples. In this work, acid-base titration was carried out in a chemical vapor generator where CO2 was generated through the addition of HCl or NaHCO3, thus enabling efficient separation of CO2 from a complex matrix. The generated CO2 was subsequently swept into the miniaturized point discharge for excitation and further detection by μPD-OES, where the carbon atomic emission at 193.0 nm was monitored. According to the consumed volume and concentration of HCl, accurate and automatic measurements of OH-, CO32-, and HCO3- can be accomplished. The proposed method possesses a high sensitivity of μPD-OES for the detection of CO2 with a relative standard deviation of below 3.0%. Moreover, the proposed system not only retains several unique advantages of accuracy, simplicity, and elimination of the use of complicated, expensive, and high power-consumption instruments but also alleviates the color and turbid interference from complex samples such as dyeing wastewater samples, oilfield water samples, and soil samples. It retains a promising potential application for titration analysis of other samples such as sludge, sediment, and landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yubin Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Tian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yurong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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8
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Liu G, Guo H, Zhao W, Yan H, Zhang E, Gao L. Advancements in Preprocessing and Analysis of Nitrite and Nitrate since 2010 in Biological Samples: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7122. [PMID: 37894601 PMCID: PMC10609401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a substance present in organisms, nitrite is a metabolite of nitric oxide and can also be ingested. Nitrate is the metabolite of nitrite. Therefore, it is necessary to measure it quickly, easily and accurately to evaluate the health status of humans. Although there have been several reviews on analytical methods for non-biological samples, there have been no reviews focused on both sample preparation and analytical methods for biological samples. First, rapid and accurate nitrite measurement has significant effects on human health. Second, the detection of nitrite in biological samples is problematic due to its very low concentration and matrix interferences. Therefore, the pretreatment plus measuring methods for nitrite and nitrate obtained from biological samples since 2010 are summarized in the present review, and their prospects for the future are proposed. The treatment methods include liquid-liquid microextraction, various derivatization reactions, liquid-liquid extraction, protein precipitation, solid phase extraction, and cloud point extraction. Analytical methods include spectroscopic methods, paper-based analytical devices, ion chromatography, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, electrochemical methods, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. Derivatization reagents with rapid quantitative reactions and advanced extraction methods with high enrichment efficiency are also included. Nitrate and nitrate should be determined at the same time by the same analytical method. In addition, much exploration has been performed on formulating fast testing through microfluidic technology. In this review, the newest developments in nitrite and nitrate processing are a focus in addition to novel techniques employed in such analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China;
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Sciences, Shenyang 110122, China
- Center of Forensic Investigation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Sciences, Shenyang 110122, China
- Center of Forensic Investigation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Forensic Analytical Toxicology Department, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wanlin Zhao
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Sciences, Shenyang 110122, China
- Center of Forensic Investigation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Forensic Analytical Toxicology Department, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hongmu Yan
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Sciences, Shenyang 110122, China
- Center of Forensic Investigation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Forensic Analytical Toxicology Department, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Enze Zhang
- First Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lina Gao
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Sciences, Shenyang 110122, China
- Center of Forensic Investigation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Forensic Analytical Toxicology Department, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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9
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Ye S, Yu B, Ren T, Lin Y, Zhang J, Zheng C. Point-of-Care Platform Based on Solid-Phase Fluorescence Filter Effect for Urinary Iodine Testing in Children and Pregnant Women. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13949-13956. [PMID: 37659071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is an essential element that is used to make thyroid hormones. However, people usually ignore their iodine nutrition level, thus leading to a series of thyroid diseases, particularly in areas where medical resources are scarce. Thus, development of a portable, economical, and simple method for the detection of urinary iodine is of significant importance. Herein, a solid-phase fluorescence filter effect (SPFFE) induced by iodine was used to develop an SPFFE-based point-of-care testing (POCT) platform for the detection of urinary iodine by coupling with headspace sample introduction. This method can not only alleviate the matrix interference that occurred in the conventional inner filter effect (IFE) but also achieve high sensitivity. Furthermore, the urinary iodine (UI) POCT platform was developed through the integration of a sample pretreatment and fluorescence readout. This whole system costs less than US $20 and provides accurate temperature control and a portable fluorescence reading within 15-20 min. Compared to the traditional IFE-based assay, the SPFFE-based POCT platform allows the selective detection of iodine as low as 10 nM and has a linear range of 0.05-4 μM. In addition, it provides notable visualization from blue-violet to orange-red in the presence of iodine, which tends to indicate the iodine nutritional status of the human body. Eventually, the clinical applicability and feasibility of the UIPOCT platform as an early diagnostic test kit were confirmed by determining the iodine in urine samples from children and pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731 , China
| | - Tian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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10
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Wang Y, Lin Y, Ren T, Yang Y, He Z, Deng Y, Zheng C. Battery-Operated and Self-Heating Solid-Phase Microextraction Device for Field Detection and Long-Term Preservation of Mercury in Soil. Anal Chem 2023; 95:10873-10878. [PMID: 37436933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The application of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) for mercury preservation and detection still has several shortcomings, including the use of high-temperature desorption chamber, the consumption of expensive reagent (NaBEt4 or NaBPr4), and analyte loss during sample storage. Herein, a self-heating HS-SPME device using a gold-coated tungsten (Au@W) fiber was developed for the field detection of mercury in soil by miniature point discharge optical emission spectrometry (μPD-OES). Hg2+ was reduced to Hg0 with NaBH4 solution and then preconcentrated with the Au@W fiber. The adsorbed Hg0 could be rapidly desorbed by directly heating the fiber with a mini lithium battery and subsequently detected by μPD-OES. A limit of detection (LOD) of 0.008 mg kg-1 was obtained with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.4%. The accuracy of the self-heating HS-SPME was evaluated by analyzing a soil certified reference material (CRM) and nine soil samples with satisfactory recoveries (86-111%). Compared to the conventional external heating method, the proposed method reduces desorption time and power consumption from 80 s and 60 W to 20 s and 2.5 W, respectively. Moreover, the self-heating device enables the μPD-OES system to remove the high-temperature desorption chamber, making it more compact and suitable for field analytical chemistry. Interestingly, the Au@W SPME fiber can be also used for the long-term preservation of mercury with a sample loss rate <5% after 30 days of storage at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Zhao He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yurong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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Al-Kadhi NS, Hefnawy MA, S. Nafee S, Alamro FS, Pashameah RA, Ahmed HA, Medany SS. Zinc Nanocomposite Supported Chitosan for Nitrite Sensing and Hydrogen Evolution Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2357. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/polym15102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles of ZnO-Chitosan (Zn-Chit) composite were prepared using precipitation methods. Several analytical techniques, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmitted electron microscope (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and thermal analysis, were used to characterize the prepared composite. The activity of the modified composite was investigated for nitrite sensing and hydrogen production applications using various electrochemical techniques. A comparative study was performed for pristine ZnO and ZnO loaded on chitosan. The modified Zn-Chit has a linear range of detection 1–150 µM and a limit of detection (LOD) = 0.402 µM (response time ~3 s). The activity of the modified electrode was investigated in a real sample (milk). Furthermore, the anti-interference capability of the surface was utilized in the presence of several inorganic salts and organic additives. Additionally, Zn-Chit composite was employed as an efficient catalyst for hydrogen production in an acidic medium. Thus, the electrode showed long-term stability toward fuel production and enhanced energy security. The electrode reached a current density of 50 mA cm−2 at an overpotential equal to −0.31 and −0.2 V (vs. RHE) for GC/ZnO and GC/Zn-Chit, respectively. Electrode durability was studied for long-time constant potential chronoamperometry for 5 h. The electrodes lost 8% and 9% of the initial current for GC/ZnO and GC/Zn-Chit, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada S. Al-Kadhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Hefnawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Sherif S. Nafee
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzia S. Alamro
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami Adel Pashameah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoda A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Shymaa S. Medany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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12
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Al-Kadhi NS, Hefnawy MA, S. Nafee S, Alamro FS, Pashameah RA, Ahmed HA, Medany SS. Zinc Nanocomposite Supported Chitosan for Nitrite Sensing and Hydrogen Evolution Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2357. [PMID: 37242932 PMCID: PMC10221157 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles of ZnO-Chitosan (Zn-Chit) composite were prepared using precipitation methods. Several analytical techniques, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmitted electron microscope (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and thermal analysis, were used to characterize the prepared composite. The activity of the modified composite was investigated for nitrite sensing and hydrogen production applications using various electrochemical techniques. A comparative study was performed for pristine ZnO and ZnO loaded on chitosan. The modified Zn-Chit has a linear range of detection 1-150 µM and a limit of detection (LOD) = 0.402 µM (response time ~3 s). The activity of the modified electrode was investigated in a real sample (milk). Furthermore, the anti-interference capability of the surface was utilized in the presence of several inorganic salts and organic additives. Additionally, Zn-Chit composite was employed as an efficient catalyst for hydrogen production in an acidic medium. Thus, the electrode showed long-term stability toward fuel production and enhanced energy security. The electrode reached a current density of 50 mA cm-2 at an overpotential equal to -0.31 and -0.2 V (vs. RHE) for GC/ZnO and GC/Zn-Chit, respectively. Electrode durability was studied for long-time constant potential chronoamperometry for 5 h. The electrodes lost 8% and 9% of the initial current for GC/ZnO and GC/Zn-Chit, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada S. Al-Kadhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Hefnawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Sherif S. Nafee
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzia S. Alamro
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami Adel Pashameah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoda A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Shymaa S. Medany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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13
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Wei J, Su Y, Lin Y, Luo Y, Li Y, Deng Y, Zheng C. Nozzle Electrode Point Discharge-Enhanced Oxidation and Portable Gas Phase Molecular Fluorescence Spectrometry for Sensitive Field Detection of Sulfide. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7409-7415. [PMID: 37144840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
It is still a challenge to accurately determine dissolved sulfide due to its susceptibility to contamination and loss during transportation, storage, and analysis in the laboratory, thus highlighting the necessity for its sensitive field analysis. Herein, a robust nozzle electrode point discharge (NEPD) enhanced oxidation coupling with chemical vapor generation (CVG) is described for the highly efficient and flameless conversion of sulfide (S2-) to SO2. Subsequently, a portable and low-power consumption gas phase molecular fluorescence spectrometry (GP-MFS) was constructed for the highly selective and sensitive determination of the generated SO2 via detecting its molecular fluorescence excited by a zinc hollow cathode lamp. Under optimal conditions, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 μM was obtained for dissolved sulfide with a relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 11) of 2.6%. The accuracy and practicability of the proposed method were validated by the analyses of two certified reference materials (CRMs) and several river and lake water samples with satisfactory recoveries of 99%-107%. This work confirms that NEPD enhanced oxidation is a low energy consumption yet highly efficient method for the flameless oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and thus is suitable for the easy field detection of dissolved sulfide in environmental water by CVG-GP-MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yubin Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yijing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yurong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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Jing J, He S, Yang J, Yang R, Lin Y, Zheng C. Rapid and sensitive quantification of cyclamate in beverages by miniature microplasma optical emission spectrometry. Food Chem 2023; 406:135077. [PMID: 36462350 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Most of the available methods for the quantification of cyclamate depend on laboratory instruments and their application in the field was limited. Herein, a simple and sensitive method was developed for the determination of cyclamate in beverage samples based on chemical vapor generation and miniature point discharge optical emission spectrometry (μPD-OES). The combination of headspace sampling and μPD-OES not only simplifies the separation process of cyclamate, improves sensitivity, and alleviates matrix interference but also eliminates the use of a bulky and expensive instrument. Under the optimal conditions, this method provided a limit of detection of 0.1 mg L-1 comparable to or better than most reported methods. The method eventually was applied to 14 different beverages and cyclamate was found below the threshold set by Chinese Standards for Food Additives. The proposed method provides great potential for the field analysis of cyclamate in the supervision of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jing
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Siyu He
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
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15
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Su Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Ren T, Deng Y, Zheng C. A high-throughput atomic emission analyzer for simultaneous field detection of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon in seawater and lake water. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1261:341184. [PMID: 37147059 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are two important indicators of global carbon cycle. However, there are no portable analyzers available to simultaneously accomplish high-throughput field detection of them in the same sample. Herein, a simple analyzer comprising a dual-mode reactor to accomplish both chemical vapor generation and headspace sampling, and a miniature point discharge optical emission spectrometer (μPD-OES) was developed for simultaneous and high-throughput detection of DIC and DOC in seawater and lake water. Phosphoric acid and persulfate were successively injected into sample solutions to convert DIC and DOC to CO2 under the conditions of magnetic stirring and UV irradiation, respectively. Subsequently, the generated CO2 was swept into the μPD-OES for quantitation of DIC and DOC via monitoring carbon atomic emission at 193.0 nm. Under optimal conditions, limits of detection for DIC and DOC (as C) were both 0.01 mg L-1 with relative standard deviations (n = 20) better than 5% and sample throughput of 80 samples per hour. Compared to conventional analyzers, the proposed instrument provides the advantages of high throughput, compactness, low energy consumption and eliminates expensive instruments. The accuracy of the system was validated by simultaneous determination of DIC and DOC in various water samples in laboratory and field environments.
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A new ultrasound-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction method utilizing a switchable hydrophilicity solvent for spectrophotometric determination of nitrite in food samples. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Yang X, Yu X, Wang Q, Zou J, Liao G, Li M, Liu X, Xia H, Xu F. Metal–organic cages ZrT-1-NH2 for rapid and selective sensing of nitrite. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Mao X, Chen G, Tian D. Review of miniaturized and portable optical emission spectrometry based on microplasma for elemental analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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