1
|
Niu J, Lin S, Xu Y, Tong S, Wang Z, Cui S, Liu Y, Chen D, Cui D. A stepwise multi-stage continuous dielectrophoresis separation microfluidic chip with microfilter structures. Talanta 2024; 279:126585. [PMID: 39053361 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The separation of target microparticles using microfluidic systems owns extensive applications in biomedical, chemical, and materials science fields. Integration of microfluidic sorting systems employing dielectrophoresis (DEP) technology has been widely investigated. However, enhancing separation efficiency, purity, stability, and integration remains a pressing issue. This study proposes a stepwise multi-stage continuous DEP separation microfluidic chip with a microfilter structure. By leveraging a stepwise electrode configuration, a gradient electric field is generated to drive target microparticles along the electric field gradient, thereby enhancing separation efficiency. Innovative integration of a microfilter structure facilitates simultaneous filtration and improves flow field distribution, thus enhancing system stability. Through the synergistic effect of stepwise electrodes and the microfilter structure, superior coupling of electric and flow fields is achieved, consequently improving the sorting purity, separation efficiency, and system stability of the DEP-based microfluidic sorting system. Validation through simulation and separation of polystyrene microspheres demonstrates the excellent particle separation performance of the proposed system. It evidently shows potential for seamless extension to various biological microparticle sorting applications, harboring significant prospects in the biomedical domain field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Niu
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shujing Lin
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Yichong Xu
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Siyu Tong
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zhitao Wang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengsheng Cui
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yanlei Liu
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao J, Zhao K, Lou J, Zhang K. Recent Advances in Dielectrophoretic Manipulation and Separation of Microparticles and Biological Cells. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:417. [PMID: 39329792 PMCID: PMC11429840 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an advanced microfluidic manipulation technique that is based on the interaction of polarized particles with the spatial gradient of a non-uniform electric field to achieve non-contact and highly selective manipulation of particles. In recent years, DEP has made remarkable progress in the field of microfluidics, and it has gradually transitioned from laboratory-scale research to high-throughput manipulation in practical applications. This paper reviews the recent advances in dielectric manipulation and separation of microparticles and biological cells and discusses in detail the design of chip structures for the two main methods, direct current dielectrophoresis (DC-DEP) and alternating current dielectrophoresis (AC-DEP). The working principles, technical implementation details, and other improved designs of electrode-based and insulator-based chips are summarized. Functional customization of DEP systems with specific capabilities, including separation, capture, purification, aggregation, and assembly of particles and cells, is then performed. The aim of this paper is to provide new ideas for the design of novel DEP micro/nano platforms with the desired high throughput for further development in practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhu Yao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection, Department of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection, Department of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Jia Lou
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Kaihuan Zhang
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tabarhoseini SM, Kale AS, Koniers PM, Boone AC, Bentor J, Boies A, Zhao H, Xuan X. Charge-Based Separation of Microparticles Using AC Insulator-Based Dielectrophoresis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:13672-13678. [PMID: 39126704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Surface charge is an important property of particles. It has been utilized to separate particles in microfluidic devices, where dielectrophoresis (DEP) is often the driving force. However, current DEP-based particle separations based on the charge differences work only for particles of similar sizes. They become less effective and may even fail for a mixture of particles differing in both charge and size. We demonstrate that our recently developed AC insulator-based dielectrophoresis (AC iDEP) technique can direct microparticles toward charge-dependent equilibrium positions in a ratchet microchannel. Such charge-based particle separation is controlled by the imposed AC voltage frequency and amplitude but is nearly unaffected by the size of either type of particle in the mixture except for the time required to achieve an effective separation. This AC iDEP technique may potentially be used to focus and separate submicron or even nanoparticles because of its virtually "infinite" channel length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Akshay Shridhar Kale
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Michael Koniers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Anna Claire Boone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Adam Boies
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agrawal P, Zhuang S, Dreher S, Mitter S, Ahmed D. SonoPrint: Acoustically Assisted Volumetric 3D Printing for Composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2408374. [PMID: 39049689 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Advances in additive manufacturing in composites have transformed aerospace, medical devices, tissue engineering, and electronics. A key aspect of enhancing properties of 3D-printed objects involves fine-tuning the material by embedding and orienting reinforcement within the structure. Existing methods for orienting these reinforcements are limited by pattern types, alignment, and particle characteristics. Acoustics offers a versatile method to control the particles independent of their size, geometry, and charge, enabling intricate pattern formations. However, integrating acoustics into 3D printing has been challenging due to the scattering of the acoustic field between polymerized layers and unpolymerized resin, resulting in unwanted patterns. To address this challenge, SonoPrint, an innovative acoustically assisted volumetric 3D printer is developed that enables simultaneous reinforcement patterning and printing of the entire structure. SonoPrint generates mechanically tunable composite geometries by embedding reinforcement particles, such as microscopic glass, metal, and polystyrene, within the fabricated structure. This printer employs a standing wave field to create targeted particle motifs-including parallel lines, radial lines, circles, rhombuses, hexagons, and polygons-directly in the photosensitive resin, completing the print in just a few minutes. SonoPrint enhances structural properties and promises to advance volumetric printing, unlocking applications in tissue engineering, biohybrid robots, and composite fabrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prajwal Agrawal
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shengyang Zhuang
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Dreher
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarthak Mitter
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu Y, Ma X, Li K, Yue Y, Zhang Z, Meng Y, Wang S. Bipolar Electrode-based Sheath-Less Focusing and Continuous Acoustic Sorting of Particles and Cells in an Integrated Microfluidic Device. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3627-3635. [PMID: 38346846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Sheath-less focusing and sorting of cells or particles is an important preprocessing step in a variety of biochemical applications. Most of the previous sorting methods depend on the use of sheath flows to realize efficient cell focusing. The sheath flow dilutes the sample and requires precise flow control via additional channels. We, for the first time, reported a method of bipolar electrode (BPE)-based sheath-less focusing, switching, and tilted-angle standing surface acoustic wave-based sorting of cells and particles in continuous flow. The device consists of a piezoelectric substrate with a pair of BPEs for focusing and switching, and a pair of interdigitated transducers for cell sorting. Smaller cells experience a weak acoustic force and reach the lower outlet, whereas larger cells are subjected to a strong acoustic force such that they are propelled toward the upper outlet. We first validate the device functionality by sorting 5 and 8 μm PS beads with a high sorting efficiency. The working and deflection regions were increased by propelling the particle beam toward the bottom edge of BPE via changing the applied voltage of BPE, further improving the sorting performance with high efficiency (94%) and purity (92%). We then conducted a verification for sorting THP-1 and yeast cells, and the efficiency and purity reached 90.7 and 91.5%, respectively. This integrated device eliminates the requirement of balancing the flow of several sheath inlets and provides a robust and unique approach for cell sorting applications, showing immense promise in various applications, such as medical diagnosis, drug delivery, and personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang 215400, PR China
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Kemu Li
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Yuanbo Yue
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Zhexin Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Yingqi Meng
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Shaoxi Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang S, Zhang Z, Ma X, Yue Y, Li K, Meng Y, Wu Y. Bidirectional and Stepwise Rotation of Cells and Particles Using Induced Charge Electroosmosis Vortexes. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:112. [PMID: 38534219 PMCID: PMC10968096 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The rotation of cells is of significant importance in various applications including bioimaging, biophysical analysis and microsurgery. Current methods usually require complicated fabrication processes. Herein, we proposed an induced charged electroosmosis (ICEO) based on a chip manipulation method for rotating cells. Under an AC electric field, symmetric ICEO flow microvortexes formed above the electrode surface can be used to trap and rotate cells. We have discussed the impact of ICEO and dielectrophoresis (DEP) under the experimental conditions. The capabilities of our method have been tested by investigating the precise rotation of yeast cells and K562 cells in a controllable manner. By adjusting the position of cells, the rotation direction can be changed based on the asymmetric ICEO microvortexes via applying a gate voltage to the gate electrode. Additionally, by applying a pulsed signal instead of a continuous signal, we can also precisely and flexibly rotate cells in a stepwise way. Our ICEO-based rotational manipulation method is an easy to use, biocompatible and low-cost technique, allowing rotation regardless of optical, magnetic or acoustic properties of the sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxi Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Zhexin Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
- State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuanbo Yue
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kemu Li
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yingqi Meng
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yupan Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (K.L.); (Y.M.)
- Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang 215400, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Y, Yue Y, Zhang H, Ma X, Zhang Z, Li K, Meng Y, Wang S, Wang X, Huang W. Three-dimensional rotation of deformable cells at a bipolar electrode array using a rotating electric field. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:933-945. [PMID: 38273814 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00882g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional rotation of cells is imperative in a variety of applications such as biology, medicine, and chemistry. We report for the first time a versatile approach for executing controllable 3D rotation of cells or particles at a bipolar electrode (BPE) array using a rotating electric field. The versatility of this method is demonstrated by 3D rotating various cells including yeast cells and K562 cells and the cells can be rotated to a desired orientation and immobilized for further operations. Our results demonstrate how electrorotation torque, induced charge electroosmosis (ICEO) flow and dielectrophoresis can be exerted on certain cells for modulating the rotation axis, speed, and direction. ICEO-based out-of-plane rotation is capable of rotating various cells in a vertical plane regardless of their shape and size. It can realize cell orientation by rotating cells toward a specific angle and enable cell rotation by steadily rotating multiple cells at a controllable speed. The rotation spectrum for in-plane rotation is further used to extract the cellular dielectric properties. This work offers a flexible method for controllable, contactless and precise rotation of different cells or particles, offering a rapid, high-throughput, and nondestructive rotation method for cell analysis and drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, 215400, PR China
| | - Yuanbo Yue
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Haohao Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Zhexin Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Kemu Li
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Yingqi Meng
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Shaoxi Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ouyang D, Ye N, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Hu L, Chao S, Yarmush M, Tuner M, Li Y, Tang B. Label-free microfluidic chip for segregation and recovery of circulating leukemia cells: clinical applications in acute myeloid leukemia. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 26:3. [PMID: 38085348 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a label-free microfluidic chip for the segregation of circulating leukemia cells (CLCs) from blood samples, with a focus on its clinical applications in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The microfluidic chip achieved an approximate capture efficiency of 92%. The study analyzed a comprehensive set of 66 blood specimens from AML patients in different disease stages, including newly diagnosed and relapsing cases, patients in complete remission, and those in partial remission. The results showed a significant difference in CLC counts between active disease stages and remission stages (p < 0.0001), with a proposed threshold of 5 CLCs to differentiate between the two. The microfluidic chip exhibited a sensitivity of 95.4% and specificity of 100% in predicting disease recurrence. Additionally, the captured CLCs were subjected to downstream molecular analysis using droplet digital PCR, allowing for the identification of genetic mutations associated with AML. Comparative analysis with bone marrow aspirate processing by FACS demonstrated the reliability and accuracy of the microfluidic chip in tracking disease burden, with highly agreement results obtained between the two methods. The non-invasive nature of the microfluidic chip and its ability to provide real-time insights into disease progression make it a promising tool for the proactive monitoring and personalized patient care of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Ouyang
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Ningxin Ye
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yue Jiang
- Medical Imaging Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Californiain , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuen Chao
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Martin Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Memet Tuner
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yonghua Li
- Department of Hematology, PLA General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou , Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen , Guangdong, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu Y, Yue Y, Zhang H, Ma X, Li K, Zeng W, Wang S, Meng Y. Label free and high-throughput discrimination of cells at a bipolar electrode array using the AC electrodynamics. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341701. [PMID: 37709447 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell characterization and manipulation play an important role in biological and medical applications. Cell viability evaluation is of significant importance for cell toxicology assay, dose test of anticancer drugs, and other biochemical stimulations. The electrical properties of cells change when cells transform from healthy to a pathological state. Current methods for evaluating cell viability usually requires a complicated chip and the throughput is limited. RESULTS In this paper, a bipolar electrode (BPE) array based microfluidic device for assessing cell viability is exploited using AC electrodynamics. The viability of various cells including yeast cells and K562 cells, can be evaluated by analyzing the electro-rotation (ROT) speed and direction of cells, as well as the dielectrophoresis (DEP) responses of cells. Firstly, the cell viability can be identified by the position of the cell captured on the BPE electrode in terms of DEP force. Besides, cell viability can also be evaluated based on both the cell rotation speed and direction using ROT. Under the action of travelling wave dielectric electrophoresis force, the cell viability can also be distinguished by the rotational motion of cells on bipolar electrode edges. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates the utility of BPEs to enable scalable and high-throughput AC electrodynamics platforms by imparting a flexibility in chip design that is unparalleled by using traditional electrodes. By using BPEs, our proposed new technique owns wide application for cell characterization and viability assessment in situ detection and analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China; Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, 518000, PR China; Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, 215400, PR China.
| | - Yuanbo Yue
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Haohao Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Kemu Li
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, PR China
| | - Shaoxi Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| | - Yingqi Meng
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dehghanghadikolaei A, Abdul Halim B, Sojoudi H. Impact of Processing Parameters on Contactless Emulsification via Corona Discharge. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24931-24941. [PMID: 37483189 PMCID: PMC10357431 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
A contactless emulsification method is presented using corona discharge. The corona discharge forms using a pin-to-plate configuration, creating a non-uniform electric field. This results in a simultaneous electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pumping of silicone oil and an electroconvection of water droplets that accelerate and submerge inside the oil, leading to a continuous water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion formation process. The impact of the oil viscosity and corona generating AC and DC electric fields (i.e., voltage and frequency) on the characteristics of the emulsions is studied. The emulsification power consumption using the AC and DC electric fields is calculated and compared to traditional emulsion formation methods. While using the DC electric field results in the formation of uniform emulsions, the AC electric field is readily available and uses less power for the emulsification. This is facile, contactless, and energy-efficient for the continuous formation of W/O emulsions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma X, Guo G, Wu X, Wu Q, Liu F, Zhang H, Shi N, Guan Y. Advances in Integration, Wearable Applications, and Artificial Intelligence of Biomedical Microfluidics Systems. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14050972. [PMID: 37241596 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics attracts much attention due to its multiple advantages such as high throughput, rapid analysis, low sample volume, and high sensitivity. Microfluidics has profoundly influenced many fields including chemistry, biology, medicine, information technology, and other disciplines. However, some stumbling stones (miniaturization, integration, and intelligence) strain the development of industrialization and commercialization of microchips. The miniaturization of microfluidics means fewer samples and reagents, shorter times to results, and less footprint space consumption, enabling a high throughput and parallelism of sample analysis. Additionally, micro-size channels tend to produce laminar flow, which probably permits some creative applications that are not accessible to traditional fluid-processing platforms. The reasonable integration of biomedical/physical biosensors, semiconductor microelectronics, communications, and other cutting-edge technologies should greatly expand the applications of current microfluidic devices and help develop the next generation of lab-on-a-chip (LOC). At the same time, the evolution of artificial intelligence also gives another strong impetus to the rapid development of microfluidics. Biomedical applications based on microfluidics normally bring a large amount of complex data, so it is a big challenge for researchers and technicians to analyze those huge and complicated data accurately and quickly. To address this problem, machine learning is viewed as an indispensable and powerful tool in processing the data collected from micro-devices. In this review, we mainly focus on discussing the integration, miniaturization, portability, and intelligence of microfluidics technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingfeng Ma
- School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Xuanye Wu
- Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Shanghai Aure Technology Limited Company, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Shanghai Aure Technology Limited Company, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Nan Shi
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Shanghai 200000, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yimin Guan
- Department of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Shanghai Aure Technology Limited Company, Shanghai 200000, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo L, Liu C, Qi M, Cheng L, Wang L, Li C, Dong B. Recent progress of nanostructure-based enrichment of circulating tumor cells and downstream analysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1493-1523. [PMID: 36776104 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00890d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The isolation and detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in early cancer diagnosis and prognosis, providing easy access to identify metastatic cells before clinically detectable metastases. In the past 20 years, according to the heterogeneous expression of CTCs on the surface and their special physical properties (size, morphology, electricity, etc.), a series of in vitro enrichment methods of CTCs have been developed based on microfluidic chip technology, nanomaterials and various nanostructures. In recent years, the in vivo detection of CTCs has attracted considerable attention. Photoacoustic flow cytometry and fluorescence flow cytometry were used to detect CTCs in a noninvasive manner. In addition, flexible magnetic wire and indwelling intravascular non-circulating CTCs isolation system were developed for in vivo CTCs study. In the aspect of downstream analysis, gene analysis and drug sensitivity tests of enriched CTCs were developed based on various existing molecular analysis techniques. All of these studies constitute a complete study of CTCs. Although the existing reviews mainly focus on one aspect of capturing CTCs study, a review that includes the in vivo and in vitro capture and downstream analysis study of CTCs is highly needed. This review focuses on not only the classic work and latest research progress in in vitro capture but also includes the in vivo capture and downstream analysis, discussing the advantages and significance of the different research methods and providing new ideas for solving the heterogeneity and rarity of CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Manlin Qi
- Department of Oral Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China.
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Geng W, Liu Y, Yu N, Qiao X, Ji M, Niu Y, Niu L, Fu W, Zhang H, Bi K, Chou X. An ultra-compact acoustofluidic device based on the narrow-path travelling surface acoustic wave (np-TSAW) for label-free isolation of living circulating tumor cells. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1255:341138. [PMID: 37032055 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining highly purified intact living cells from complex environments has been a challenge, such as the isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood. In this work, we demonstrated an acoustic-based ultra-compact device for cell sorting, with a chip size of less than 2 × 1.5 cm2. This single actuator device allows non-invasive and label-free isolation of living cells, offering greater flexibility and applicability. The device performance was optimized with different-sized polystyrene (PS) particles and blood cells spiked with cancer cells. Using the narrow-path travelling surface acoustic wave (np-TSAW), precise isolation of 10 μm particles from a complex mixture of particles (5, 10, 20 μm) and separation of 8 μm and 10 μm particles was achieved. The purified collection of 10 μm particles with high separation efficiency (98.75%) and high purity (98.1%) was achieved by optimizing the input voltage. Further, we investigated the isolation and purification of CTCs (MCF-7, human breast cancer cells) from blood cells with isolation efficiency exceeding 98% and purity reaching 93%. Viabilities of the CTCs harvested from target-outlet were all higher than 97% after culturing for 24, 48, and 72 h, showing good proliferation ability. This novel ultra-miniaturized microfluidic chip demonstrates the ability to sorting cells with high-purity and label-free, providing an attractive miniaturized system alternative to traditional sorting methods.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu X, Chen X, Dong Y, Zhang C, Qu X, Lei Y, Jiang Z, Wei X. Multiple virus sorting based on aptamer-modified microspheres in a TSAW device. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:64. [PMID: 37213822 PMCID: PMC10192341 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to the overlapping epidemiology and clinical manifestations of flaviviruses, differential diagnosis of these viral diseases is complicated, and the results are unreliable. There is perpetual demand for a simplified, sensitive, rapid and inexpensive assay with less cross-reactivity. The ability to sort distinct virus particles from a mixture of biological samples is crucial for improving the sensitivity of diagnoses. Therefore, we developed a sorting system for the subsequent differential diagnosis of dengue and tick-borne encephalitis in the early stage. We employed aptamer-modified polystyrene (PS) microspheres with different diameters to specifically capture dengue virus (DENV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and utilized a traveling surface acoustic wave (TSAW) device to accomplish microsphere sorting according to particle size. The captured viruses were then characterized by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT‒PCR). The characterization results indicated that the acoustic sorting process was effective and damage-free for subsequent analysis. Furthermore, the strategy can be utilized for sample pretreatment in the differential diagnosis of viral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Yangchao Dong
- Department of Microbiology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Chuanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Xueyong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gharib G, Bütün İ, Muganlı Z, Kozalak G, Namlı İ, Sarraf SS, Ahmadi VE, Toyran E, van Wijnen AJ, Koşar A. Biomedical Applications of Microfluidic Devices: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1023. [PMID: 36421141 PMCID: PMC9688231 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Both passive and active microfluidic chips are used in many biomedical and chemical applications to support fluid mixing, particle manipulations, and signal detection. Passive microfluidic devices are geometry-dependent, and their uses are rather limited. Active microfluidic devices include sensors or detectors that transduce chemical, biological, and physical changes into electrical or optical signals. Also, they are transduction devices that detect biological and chemical changes in biomedical applications, and they are highly versatile microfluidic tools for disease diagnosis and organ modeling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the significant advances that have been made in the development of microfluidics devices. We will discuss the function of microfluidic devices as micromixers or as sorters of cells and substances (e.g., microfiltration, flow or displacement, and trapping). Microfluidic devices are fabricated using a range of techniques, including molding, etching, three-dimensional printing, and nanofabrication. Their broad utility lies in the detection of diagnostic biomarkers and organ-on-chip approaches that permit disease modeling in cancer, as well as uses in neurological, cardiovascular, hepatic, and pulmonary diseases. Biosensor applications allow for point-of-care testing, using assays based on enzymes, nanozymes, antibodies, or nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). An anticipated development in the field includes the optimization of techniques for the fabrication of microfluidic devices using biocompatible materials. These developments will increase biomedical versatility, reduce diagnostic costs, and accelerate diagnosis time of microfluidics technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Gharib
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - İsmail Bütün
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Zülâl Muganlı
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Gül Kozalak
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - İlayda Namlı
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | | | - Erçil Toyran
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ali Koşar
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Çankaya, Ankara 06700, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Recent advances of integrated microfluidic systems for fungal and bacterial analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Chen S, Zhang S, Zhu R. Computer-Vision-Based Dielectrophoresis Mobility Tracking for Characterization of Single-Cell Biophysical Properties. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14331-14339. [PMID: 36190245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fast and precise measurements of live single-cell biophysical properties is significant in disease diagnosis, cytopathologic analysis, etc. Existing methods still suffer from unsatisfied measurement accuracy and low efficiency. We propose a computer vision method to track cell dielectrophoretic movements on a microchip, enabling efficient and accurate measurement of biophysical parameters of live single cells, including cell radius, cytoplasm conductivity, and cell-specific membrane capacitance, and in situ extraction of cell texture features. We propose a prediction-iteration method to optimize the cell parameter measurement, achieving high accuracy (less than 0.79% error) and high efficiency (less than 30 s). We further propose a hierarchical classifier based on a support vector machine and implement cell classification using acquired cell physical parameters and texture features, achieving high classification accuracies for identifying cell lines from different tissues, tumor and normal cells, different tumor cells, different leukemia cells, and tumor cells with different malignancies. The method is label-free and biocompatible, allowing further live cell studies on a chip, e.g., cell therapy, cell differentiation, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Shengsen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sui M, Dong H, Mu G, Xia J, Zhao J, Yang Z, Li T, Sun T, Grattan KTV. Droplet transportation by adjusting the temporal phase shift of surface acoustic waves in the exciter-exciter mode. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3402-3411. [PMID: 35899764 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00402j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Droplet actuation using Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) technology has been widely employed in 'lab-on-a-chip' applications, such as for on-chip Polymerase Chain Reactions. The current strategy uses the exciter-absorber mode (exciting a single InterDigital Transducer, IDT) to form a pure Travelling Surface Acoustic Wave (TSAW) and to actuate the droplet, where the velocity and direction of the droplet can be adjusted by controlling the on-off and amplitude of the excitation signals applied to a pair of IDTs. Herein, in a way that is different from using the exciter-absorber mode, we propose a method of actuating droplets by using the exciter-exciter mode (exciting a pair of IDTs simultaneously), where the velocity and directional adjustment of the droplet can be realized by changing only one excitation parameter for the signals (the temporal phase shift, θ), and the droplet velocity can also be significantly improved. Specifically, we report for the first time the equation of the vibration of the mixed waves (TSAW and Standing Surface Acoustic Wave (SSAW)) formed on the substrate surface using the exciter-exciter mode. This is analyzed theoretically, where it is shown in this work that the amplitude and direction of the TSAW component of the mixed waves can be adjusted by changing θ. Following that, the velocity and directional adjustment of the droplet has been realized by changing θ and the improvement of the droplet velocity has been verified on a one-dimensional SAW device, using this exciter-exciter mode. Moreover a series of experiments on droplet transportation, along different trajectories in an x-y plane, has been carried out using a two-dimensional SAW device and this has demonstrated the effectiveness of the θ changing-based approach. Here this exciter-exciter mode provides an alternative method for the transportation of droplets in 'lab-on-a-chip' applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Huijuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Guanyu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Jingze Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Tianlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Tong Sun
- School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Kenneth T V Grattan
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Weirauch L, Giesler J, Baune M, Pesch G, Thöming J. Shape-selective remobilization of microparticles in a mesh-based DEP filter at high throughput. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
20
|
Shi J, Zhao C, Shen M, Chen Z, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Combination of microfluidic chips and biosensing for the enrichment of circulating tumor cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 202:114025. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
21
|
Enhancement of Binding Kinetics on Affinity Substrates Using Asymmetric Electroosmotic Flow on a Sinusoidal Bipolar Electrode. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13020207. [PMID: 35208334 PMCID: PMC8878551 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, enhancing the transport of analyte to a sensor surface is crucial for rapid detection of biomolecules since common conditions, including low diffusion coefficients, cause inordinately long detection times. Integrated microfluidic immunoassay chips are receiving increasing attention for their low sample volume and fast response time. We herein take advantage of asymmetric ICEO flow at a bipolar sinusoidal electrode to improve the rate of antibody binding to the reaction surface based on finite element modeling. Three different microfluidic cavities are proposed by changing the positions of the surface reaction area. We further investigate the relationship between binding enhancement and reaction surface positions, Damkohler number, and the voltage and frequency of the AC signal applied to the driving electrodes. Furthermore, the influence of the AC signal applied to the sinusoidal bipolar electrode on antigen–antibody-binding performance is studied in detail. Above all, the simulation results demonstrate that the microfluidic immune-sensor with a sinusoidal bipolar electrode could not only significantly improve the heterogeneous immunoassays but also enable efficient enhancement of assays in a selected reaction region within the micro-cavity, providing a promising approach to a variety of immunoassay applications, such as medical diagnostics and environmental and food monitoring.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu Y, Hu B, Ma X, Zhang H, Li W, Wang Y, Wang S. Generation of droplets with adjustable chemical concentrations based on fixed potential induced-charge electro-osmosis. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:403-412. [PMID: 34950939 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00983d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effective control of the sample concentration within droplets is essential in a broad range of assays in chemistry and biochemistry. Here we provide an electrical method for producing batches of aqueous droplets with various chemical concentrations by exploiting fixed-potential induced-charge electroosmosis (ICEO) flow around a bipolar electrode. By applying an AC electric signal to the bipolar electrode and changing the zeta potential on it, the bipolar electrode acts as a gate electrode for generating asymmetric ICEO flow. The ICEO flow induced transverse vortexes interact with two parallel laminar streams with different chemical compositions. Controlled mixing of the aqueous solutions can be achieved by adjusting the shape and size of the asymmetric vortexes via altering the electric signal applied to the gate electrode. The mixed streams are split at a bifurcation, and one of the streams with a desired controlled concentration is pumped into a flow-focusing geometry to generate droplets with adjustable chemical concentrations. The in-droplet concentration increases in the range of 0.412-1.404 mM, as the applied voltage increases in the range of 0-70 mV at 15 kHz. This approach offers a promising method for on-chip control of chemical concentrations within droplets without labor-intensive dilutions while minimizing the sample consumption, showing great potential for next generation droplet-based applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Wu
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, 215400, PR China
| | - Bowen Hu
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| | - Haohao Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| | - Wei Li
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| | - Yucheng Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| | - Shaoxi Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jiang T, Wu Y. Controlled generation of droplets using an electric field in a flow-focusing paper-based device. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:601-608. [PMID: 34747509 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidics is a modular platform in high-throughput single-cell and small sample analyses. However, this droplet microfluidic system was widely fabricated using soft lithography or glass capillaries, which is expensive and technically demanding for various applications, limiting use in resource-poor settings. Besides, the variation in droplet size is also restricted due to the limitations on the operating forces that the paper-based platform is able to withstand. Herein, we develop a fully integrated paper-based droplet microfluidic platform for conducting droplet generation and cell encapsulation in independent aqueous droplets dispersed in a carrier oil by incorporating electric fields. Through imposing an electric field, the droplet size would decrease with increasing the electric field and smaller droplets can be produced at high applied voltage. The droplet diameter can be adjusted by the ratio of inner and outer flow velocities as well as the applied electric field. We also demonstrated the proof of concept encapsulation application of our paper device by encapsulating yeast cells under an electric field. Using a simple wax printing method, carbon electrodes can be integrated on the paper. The integrated paper-based microfluidic platform can be fabricated easily and conducted outside of centralized laboratories. This microfluidic system shows great potential in drug and cell investigations by encapsulating cells in resource-limited environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Jiang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yupan Wu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China.,School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|