1
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Jia D, Fan W, Ren W, Liu C. Click chemical ligation-enabled digital particle counting for multiplexed microRNA analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116508. [PMID: 38896977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Digital counting assays, that quantify targets by counting individual signal entities, provide a promising way for the sensitive analysis of biomarkers even at the single-molecule level. Considering the requirements of complex enzyme-catalyzed amplification techniques and specialized instruments in traditional digital counting biosensors, herein, a simple digital counting platform for microRNA (miRNA) analysis is developed by employing the miRNA-templated click chemical ligation to hinge ultrabright quantum dot-doped nanoparticles (QDNPs) on the bottom of microplate well. Compared with the traditional short miRNA-mediated sandwich hybridization mechanism, the click chemistry-mediated ligation featured enhanced stability, achieving higher sensitivity by directly counting the number of QDNPs with a common wide-field fluorescence microscope. Furthermore, enzyme-free cycling click ligation strategy is adopted to push the detection limit of miRNA down to a low level of 8 fM. What is more, taking advantages of the tunable emission wavelength and narrow emission spectra of fluorescent nanoparticles, the platform enables simultaneous detection of multiplex miRNA targets without cross interference. Benefiting from the simple operation, high sensitivity, and good generality, miRNA analysis in complex samples is successfully achieved. This method not only pioneers a new route for digital counting assays but also holds great potential in miRNA-related biological researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wenjiao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Wei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Chenghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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2
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Song Y, Mao C, Zhang W, Deng D, Chen H, Sun P, Liu M, Feng C, Luo L. Catalytic hairpin assembly-based AIEgen/graphene oxide nanocomposite for fluorescence-enhanced and high-precision spatiotemporal imaging of microRNA in living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 259:116416. [PMID: 38797033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The low abundance, heterogeneous expression, and temporal changes of miRNA in different cellular locations pose significant challenges for both the detection sensitivity of miRNA liquid biopsy and intracellular imaging. In this work, we report an intelligently assembled biosensor based on catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE), named as catalytic hairpin aggregation-induced emission (CHAIE), for the ultrasensitive detection and intracellular imaging of miRNA-155. To achieve such goal, tetraphenylethylene-N3 (TPE-N3) is used as AIE luminogen (AIEgen), while graphene oxide is introduced to quench the fluorescence. When the target miRNA is present, CHA reaction is triggered, causing the AIEgen to self-assemble with the hairpin DNA. This will restrict the intramolecular rotation of the AIEgen and produce a strong AIE fluorescence. Interestingly, CHAIE does not require any enzyme or expensive thermal cycling equipment, and therefore provides a rapid detection. Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor can determine miRNA in the concentration range from 2 pM to 200 nM within 30 min, with the detection limit of 0.42 pM. The proposed CHAIE biosensor in this work offers a low background signal and high sensitivity, making it applicable for highly precise spatiotemporal imaging of target miRNA in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Song
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Changqing Mao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Wenjiao Zhang
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Dongmei Deng
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Huinan Chen
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Pei Sun
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Meiyin Liu
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Chang Feng
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Liqiang Luo
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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3
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Xiang Y, Ke W, Qin Y, Zhou B, Hu Y. PfAgo-based dual signal amplification biosensor for rapid and highly sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase activity. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:439. [PMID: 38954110 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
A Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo)-based biosensor is presented for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity detection in which the ALP-catalyzed hydrolysis of 3'-phosphate-modified functional DNA activates the strand displacement amplification, and the amplicon mediates the fluorescent reporter cleavage as a guide sequence of PfAgo. Under the dual amplification mode of PfAgo-catalyzed multiple-turnover cleavage activity and pre-amplification technology, the developed method was successfully applied to ALP activity determination with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.0013 U L-1 (3σ) and a detection range of 0.0025 to 1 U L-1 within 90 min. The PfAgo-based method exhibits satisfactory analytic performance in the presence of potential interferents and in complex human serum samples. The proposed method shows several advantages, such as rapid analysis, high sensitivity, low-cost, and easy operation, and has great potential in disease evolution fundamental studies and clinical diagnosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuQiang Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Weikang Ke
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bosheng Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Kou J, Li Y, Zhao Z, Qiao J, Zhang Q, Han X, Cheng X, Man S, Ma L. Simultaneous Dual-Gene Test of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus using an Argonaute-Centered Portable and Visual Biosensor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311764. [PMID: 38506607 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel method for drug-resistant bacteria detection is imperative. A simultaneous dual-gene Test of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is developed using an Argonaute-centered portable biosensor (STAR). This is the first report concerning Argonaute-based pathogenic bacteria detection. Simply, the species-specific mecA and nuc gene are isothermally amplified using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique, followed by Argonaute-based detection enabled by its programmable, guided, sequence-specific recognition and cleavage. With the strategy, the targeted nucleic acid signals gene are dexterously converted into fluorescent signals. STAR is capable of detecting the nuc gene and mecA gene simultaneously in a single reaction. The limit of detection is 10 CFU/mL with a dynamic range from 10 to 107 CFU/mL. The sample-to-result time is <65 min. This method is successfully adapted to detect clinical samples, contaminated foods, and MRSA-infected animals. This work broadens the reach of Argonaute-based biosensing and presents a novel bacterial point-of-need (PON) detection platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yaru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jiali Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Branch of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300250, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xinkuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
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5
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Zhang J, Chen M, Jiang H, Sun H, Ren J, Yang X, Liu S, Wang D, Liu J, Ma D, Guo X, Luo G. Atom-Modified gDNA Enhances Cleavage Activity of TtAgo Enabling Ultra-Sensitive Nucleic Acid Testing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403120. [PMID: 38728591 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The DNA-guided (gDNA) Argonaute from Thermus thermophilus (TtAgo) has little potential for nucleic acid detection and gene editing due to its poor dsDNA cleavage activity at relatively low temperature. Herein, the dsDNA cleavage activity of TtAgo is enhanced by using 2'-fluorine (2'F)-modified gDNA and developes a novel nucleic acid testing strategy. This study finds that the gDNA with 2'F-nucleotides at the 3'-end (2'F-gDNA) can promote the assembly of the TtAgo-guide-target ternary complex significantly by increasing its intermolecular force to target DNA and TtAgo, thereby providing ≈40-fold activity enhancement and decreasing minimum reaction temperature from 65 to 60°C. Based on this outstanding advance, a novel nucleic acid testing strategy is proposed, termed FAST, which is performed by using the 2'F-gDNA/TtAgo for target recognition and combining it with Bst DNA polymerase for nucleic acid amplification. By integrating G-quadruplex and Thioflavin T, the FAST assay achieves one-pot real-time fluorescence analysis with ultra-sensitivity, providing a limit of detection up to 5 copies (20 µL reaction mixture) for miR-21 detection. In summary, an atom-modification-based strategy has been developed for enhancing the cleavage activity of TtAgo efficiently, thereby improving its practicability and establishing a TtAgo-based nucleic acid testing technology with ultra-sensitivity and high-specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Huifang Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Jianing Ren
- Department of Oncology & Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Oncology & Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Daiyuan Ma
- Department of Oncology & Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Guangcheng Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, School of Laboratory Medicine & Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
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6
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Zhang Z, Liu T, Dong M, Ahamed MA, Guan W. Sample-to-answer salivary miRNA testing: New frontiers in point-of-care diagnostic technologies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1969. [PMID: 38783564 PMCID: PMC11141732 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA), crucial non-coding RNAs, have emerged as key biomarkers in molecular diagnostics, prognosis, and personalized medicine due to their significant role in gene expression regulation. Salivary miRNA, in particular, stands out for its non-invasive collection method and ease of accessibility, offering promising avenues for the development of point-of-care diagnostics for a spectrum of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases. Such development promises rapid and precise diagnosis, enabling timely treatment. Despite significant advancements in salivary miRNA-based testing, challenges persist in the quantification, multiplexing, sensitivity, and specificity, particularly for miRNA at low concentrations in complex biological mixtures. This work delves into these challenges, focusing on the development and application of salivary miRNA tests for point-of-care use. We explore the biogenesis of salivary miRNA and analyze their quantitative expression and their disease relevance in cancer, infection, and neurodegenerative disorders. We also examined recent progress in miRNA extraction, amplification, and multiplexed detection methods. This study offers a comprehensive view of the development of salivary miRNA-based point-of-care testing (POCT). Its successful advancement could revolutionize the early detection, monitoring, and management of various conditions, enhancing healthcare outcomes. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Md. Ahasan Ahamed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
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7
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Kang Q, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Discrimination of Multiple Homologous Sequences Based on DNA Logic Gate and Elemental Labeling Technology. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6329-6336. [PMID: 38597405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The simultaneous discrimination of multiple homologous sequences faces challenges due to the high similarity of sequences and the complexity of the discrimination system in most reported works. Herein, a simple and ingenious analysis method was developed to identify eight miRNAs of the let-7 family by combining logic gates and entropy-driven catalytic (EDC)-based lanthanide labeling inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technology. Specifically, eight miRNAs were first divided into four types according to the difference of bases in the domains 2 and 3 on sequences. To identify the type of targets, a DNA logic gate was constructed with two strand displacement reactions on magnetic beads that could be initiated by different types of targets. Based on the difference of the output signals after two strand displacement reactions, the type of targets was distinguished preliminarily. Then, the discrimination of a specific target was achieved with EDC-based lanthanide labeling ICP-MS detection. By labeling the different magnetic probes with different elemental tags, a specific element signal released from magnetic beads after EDC could be detected by ICP-MS, and therefore, simultaneous detection of homologous sequences was completed. This work provided a novel and simple method for highly specific identification of homologous sequences with the assistance of a logic gate and can promote further development of elemental labeling ICP-MS in the field of multiple analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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8
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Fu R, Hou J, Wang Z, Xianyu Y. Mn 2+-Mediated Modulation of PfAgo Activity for Biosensing. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304484. [PMID: 38530141 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Argonaute (Ago) as a powerful enzyme has provided new insights into biosensing due to its programmability, high sensitivity, and user-friendly operation. However, current strategies mainly rely on phosphorylated guide DNA to modulate the cleavage activity of Ago, which is limited in versatility and simplicity. Herein, the authors report the Mn2+-enhanced cleavage activity of Ago and employ Mn-ions with variable valence to regulate the activity of Pyrococcus furiosus Ago (PfAgo) for biosensing applications. The conversion of Mn ions with different valence states through MnO2 nanoflowers enables the sensitive detection of ascorbic acid, alkaline phosphatase, and arsenic with limits of detection of 2.5 nmol L-1, 0.009 U L-1, and 0.4 ng mL-1, respectively. A PfAgo-based immunoassay is further developed that allows for the detection of diverse targets, thus providing a promising toolbox to broaden PfAgo-based sensors into versatile bioanalytical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Fu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jinjie Hou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zexiang Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yunlei Xianyu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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9
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Lin Q, Ye X, Chen H, Fang X, Chen H, Kong J. Binding Activity of Prokaryotic Argonaute for Background-Suppressed Exponential Isothermal Amplification. Anal Chem 2024; 96:620-623. [PMID: 38170960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Prokaryotic Argonautes (pAgos) have been recently used in many nucleic acid biosensing applications but have rarely been used for regulating the isothermal amplification system. Herein, we reported Thermus thermophilus Argonaute (TtAgo)-mediated background-suppressed exponential isothermal amplification (EXPAR) as the first example to explore the binding activity of pAgos toward regulation of the amplification template. It was demonstrated that thermophilic pAgos efficiently eliminated nonspecific hybridization between templates by their binding affinity with the template, resulting in greatly enhancing the specificity of EXPAR. TtAgo-mediated, background-suppressed EXPAR was employed to detect miRNA with a detection limit of 10-15 M, which was 1000 times and 100 times more sensitive than that of traditional RT-PCR and EXPAR, respectively. This method further showed good performance in discriminating cancer patients from healthy individuals, indicating its potential for practical clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyuan Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Technology for Precision Medicine, School of Medical Technology and Engineering Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi PR China
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xueen Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
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10
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Graver BA, Chakravarty N, Solomon KV. Prokaryotic Argonautes for in vivo biotechnology and molecular diagnostics. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:61-73. [PMID: 37451948 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Prokaryotic Argonautes (pAgos) are an emerging class of programmable endonucleases that are believed to be more flexible than existing CRISPR-Cas systems and have significant potential for biotechnology. Current applications of pAgos include a myriad of molecular diagnostics and in vitro DNA assembly tools. However, efforts have historically been centered on thermophilic pAgo variants. To enable in vivo biotechnological applications such as gene editing, focus has shifted to pAgos from mesophilic organisms. We discuss what is known of pAgos, how they are being developed for various applications, and strategies to overcome current challenges to in vivo applications in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Graver
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Namrata Chakravarty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kevin V Solomon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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11
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Yang Z, Mao S, Wang L, Fu S, Dong Y, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Guo Z. CRISPR/Cas and Argonaute-Based Biosensors for Pathogen Detection. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3623-3642. [PMID: 37819690 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, pathogens have posed a threat to human security, and rapid identification of pathogens should be one of the ideal methods to prevent major public health security outbreaks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for highly sensitive and specific approaches to identify and quantify pathogens. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats CRISPR/Cas systems and Argonaute (Ago) belong to the Microbial Defense Systems (MDS). The guided, programmable, and targeted activation of nucleases by both of them is leading the way to a new generation of pathogens detection. We compare these two nucleases in terms of similarities and differences. In addition, we discuss future challenges and prospects for the development of the CRISPR/Cas systems and Argonaute (Ago) biosensors, especially electrochemical biosensors. This review is expected to afford researchers entering this multidisciplinary field useful guidance and to provide inspiration for the development of more innovative electrochemical biosensors for pathogens detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiruo Yang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard identification and Control, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Siying Mao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard identification and Control, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard identification and Control, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Sinan Fu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard identification and Control, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Yanming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5, La Doua Street, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard identification and Control, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
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12
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Sun K, Liu Y, Zhao W, Ma B, Zhang M, Yu X, Ye Z. Prokaryotic Argonaute Proteins: A New Frontier in Point-of-Care Viral Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14987. [PMID: 37834437 PMCID: PMC10573157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has underscored the critical need for rapid and precise viral detection technologies. Point-of-care (POC) technologies, which offer immediate and accurate testing at or near the site of patient care, have become a cornerstone of modern medicine. Prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgo), proficient in recognizing target RNA or DNA with complementary sequences, have emerged as potential game-changers. pAgo present several advantages over the currently popular CRISPR/Cas systems-based POC diagnostics, including the absence of a PAM sequence requirement, the use of shorter nucleic acid molecules as guides, and a smaller protein size. This review provides a comprehensive overview of pAgo protein detection platforms and critically assesses their potential in the field of viral POC diagnostics. The objective is to catalyze further research and innovation in pAgo nucleic acid detection and diagnostics, ultimately facilitating the creation of enhanced diagnostic tools for clinic viral infections in POC settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.S.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (B.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zihong Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (K.S.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (B.M.); (M.Z.)
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13
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Lin Q, Cao Y, Han G, Sun W, Weng W, Chen H, Wang H, Kong J. Programmable Clostridium perfringens Argonaute-Based, One-Pot Assay for the Multiplex Detection of miRNAs. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13401-13406. [PMID: 37565811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Assays for the molecular detection of miRNAs are typically constrained by the level of multiplexing, especially in a single tube. Here, we report a general and programmable diagnostic platform by combining mesophilic Clostridium perfringens Argonaute (CpAgo) with exponential isothermal amplification (EXPAR), which is a dual-signal amplification strategy, allowing for the rapid and sensitive detection of multiple miRNAs with single-nucleotide discrimination in one pot. The CpAgo-based One-Pot (COP) assay achieved a limit of detection of 1 zM miRNA within 30 min of turnaround time and a wide concentration range. This COP assay was applied to simultaneously detect four miRNAs in a single tube from clinical serum samples, showing superior analytical performance in distinguishing colorectal cancer patients from healthy individuals. This programmable, one-pot, multiplex, rapid, and specific strategy offers great promise in scientific research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyuan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Guobin Han
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Wenhao Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200090 Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China
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14
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Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhang F, Wu L. Thermus thermophilus Argonaute-based signal amplifier for highly sensitive and specific microRNA detection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1221943. [PMID: 37583711 PMCID: PMC10424790 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1221943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prokaryote-derived gene defense system as a new generation of nucleic acid detection tool exhibits impressive performance in the field of molecular diagnosis. Prokaryotic Argonaute (Ago) is a CRISPR-associated protein that is guided by a short DNA (gDNA) and then efficiently cleaves gDNA-complementary nucleic acids and presents unique characteristics that are different from the CRISPR/Cas system. However, the application of Ago in biosensing is still relatively scarce, and many properties of Ago need to be further clarified. In this study, we aim to systematically explore the properties of Thermus thermophilus Argonaute (TtAgo), including the dependence of TtAgo activity on guide DNA (gDNA) length, substrates' length, and the position of gDNA complementary region on the substrate. Based on these properties, we constructed an exonuclease III-assisted target-recycled amplification system (exoAgo) for sensitive miRNA detection. The result showed that exoAgo can be used for miRNA profiling with a detection limit of 12.2 pM and single-base-resolution and keep good performance for the detection of complex samples, which indicates that Ago has great application potential in the detection of nucleic acids. In conclusion, this study will provide guidance for further development and utilization of Ago in the field of biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zitong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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15
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Li Y, Kou J, Han X, Qiao J, Zhang W, Man S, Ma L. Argonaute-triggered visual and rebuilding-free foodborne pathogenic bacteria detection. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131485. [PMID: 37149945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogenic bacteria are recognized as the main causes of microbial contamination in food safety. Early screening and ultrasensitive detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria is critical procedure to guarantee food safety. Argonaute is emerging as a new tool for detection owing to the programmability and high specificity. We reported a Novel and One-step cleavage method based on Argonaute by integrating Tag-specific primer extension and Exonuclease I (Exo I) for the first time, termed as NOTE-Ago. In this method, the invA of Salmonella typhi and nuc gene of Staphylococcus aureus were amplified using Tag-specific primer and the remaining primers were digested by Exo I. Then amplicons were served as the guide DNA for PfAgo. Consequently, the fluorophore-quencher reporter could be cleaved via PfAgo, resulting in changes in fluorescent intensity. With this strategy, target nucleic acid could be dexterously converted into fluorescent signals. The NOTE-Ago assay could detect 1 CFU/mL with a dynamic range from 1 to 108 CFU/mL. The satisfactory selectivity of NOTE-Ago assay further facilitated its application for detecting S. typhi- and S. aureus-contaminated food samples. This work enriches the toolbox of Argonaute-based detection and provides a one-step cleavage and rebuilding-free method for ultrasensitive detection of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jiali Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenlu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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16
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Zhao NN, Yu XD, Tian X, Xu Q, Zhang CY. Mix-and-Detection Assay with Multiple Cyclic Enzymatic Repairing Amplification for Rapid and Ultrasensitive Detection of Long Noncoding RNAs in Breast Tissues. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3082-3088. [PMID: 36692970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and they play essential roles in various pathological and biological processes. So far, the reported lncRNA assays usually suffer from unsatisfactory sensitivity and time-consuming procedures. Herein, we develop a mix-and-read assay based on multiple cyclic enzymatic repairing amplification (ERA) for sensitive and rapid detection of mammalian metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1). In this assay, we design two three-way junction (3WJ) probes including a 3WJ template and a 3WJ primer to specifically recognize lncRNA MALAT1, and the formation of a stable 3WJ structure induces cyclic ERA to generate triggers. The resulting triggers subsequently hybridize with a free 3WJ template and act as primers to initiate new rounds of cyclic ERA, generating abundant triggers. The hybridization of triggers with signal probes forms stable double-stranded DNA duplexes that can be specifically cleaved by apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 to produce a high fluorescence signal. This assay can be carried out in a mix-and-read manner within 10 min under an isothermal condition (50 °C), which is the rapidest and simplest method reported so far for the lncRNA MALAT1 assay. This method can sensitively detect lncRNA MALAT1 with a limit of detection of 0.87 aM, and it can accurately measure endogenous lncRNA MALAT1 at the single-cell level. Moreover, this method can distinguish lncRNA MALAT1 expression in breast cancer patient tissues and their corresponding healthy adjacent tissues. Importantly, the extension of this assay to different RNAs detection can be achieved by simply replacing the corresponding target recognition sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiao-Di Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiaorui Tian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Qinfeng Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
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17
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Li Y, Liao D, Kou J, Tong Y, Daniels LC, Man S, Ma L. Comparison of CRISPR/Cas and Argonaute for nucleic acid tests. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 41:595-599. [PMID: 36494308 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Guided, programmable, and target-activated nucleases, exemplified by Cas in the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system and Argonaute (Ago), are emerging as a new generation of nucleic acid tests (NATs). A specific approach for comparison of these two nucleases side by side in terms of similarities, differences, and complementarities is instrumental for the sensible design of novel NATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yigang Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lauren C Daniels
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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