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Song Y, Kim H, Lee J, Kim K. Oxygen-enriching triphase platform for reliable sensing of femtomolar Alzheimer's neurofilament lights. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 260:116431. [PMID: 38815462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Accurate quantification of neurofilament lights (NfLs), a prognostic blood biomarker, is highly required to predict neurodegeneration in the presymptomatic stages of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report self-oxygen-enriching coral structures with triphase interfaces for the label-free photocathodic detection of NfLs in blood plasma with femtomolar sensitivities and high reliability. In conventional photocathodic immunoassays, the poor solubility and sluggish diffusion rate of the dissolved oxygen serving as electron acceptors have necessitated the incorporation of additional electron acceptors or aeration procedures. To address the challenge, we designed the coral-like copper bismuth oxides (CBO) with robust solid-liquid-air contact boundaries that enrich the interfacial oxygen levels without an external aeration source. By optimally assembling the perfluorododecyltrichlorosilane (FTCS) and platinum (Pt) co-catalysts into the silver-doped CBO (Ag:CBO), the stable solid-liquid-air contact boundaries were formed within the sensor interfaces, which allowed for the abundant supply of air phase oxygen through an air pocket connected to the atmosphere. The Pt/FTCS-Ag:CBO exhibited the stable background signals independent of the dissolved oxygen fluctuations and amplified photocurrent signals by 1.76-fold, which were attributed to the elevated interfacial oxygen levels and 11.15 times-lowered mass transport resistance. Under the illumination of white light-emitting diode, the oxygen-enriching photocathodic sensor composed of Pt/FTCS-Ag:CBO conjugated with NfLs-specific antibodies precisely quantified the NfLs in plasma with a low coefficient of variation (≤2.97%), a high degree of recovery (>97.0%), and a limit of detection of 40.38 fg/mL, which was 140 times lower than the typical photocathodic sensor with diphase interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Song
- Department of Fiber Convergence Material Engineering, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-Do, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeon Kim
- Department of Fiber Convergence Material Engineering, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-Do, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kayoung Kim
- Department of Fiber Convergence Material Engineering, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-Do, 16890, Republic of Korea.
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Chen J, Liu Q, Fu Y, Xiang J. DNA Nanocage-Assisted Size-Selective Recognition and Quantification toward Low-Mass Soluble β-Amyloid Oligomers. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38940533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Low-mass soluble β-amyloid peptide oligomers (LSAβOs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, these oligomers exhibit heterogeneity in terms of structure, stability, and stoichiometry, and their abundance in biofluids is low, making accurate identification challenging. In this study, we developed a DNA nanocage-assisted method for selective sizing and sensitive quantification of LSAβOs in serum. Using LSAβO less than 10 kDa (LSAβO10kD) and less than 30 kDa (LSAβO30kD) as models, the size-matching rules between DNA nanocages and LSAβOs were investigated, and two appropriate nanocages were selected for the detection of two LSAβOs, respectively. Both nanocages were functionalized by encapsulating oligomer's aptamer and a complementary sequence within their cavities. Once the LSAβO entered the corresponding nanocage cavity, the complementary sequence was released, triggering a hybridization chain reaction on an electrochemical sensing platform. The system achieved size-selective discrimination of LSAβO10kD with a linear range of 10-150 pM and LSAβO30kD with a linear range of 15-150 pM. Real sample testing confirmed the applicability of the method for blood-based diagnosis. The DNA nanocage-assisted electrochemical analysis platform provides an accurate, highly selective, and sensitive approach for oligomer analysis, which is significant for amyloid protein research and related disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yongchun Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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Huang Z, Zhang L, Dou Y, Liu X, Song S, Jiang H, Fan C. Electrochemical Biosensor for Point-of-Care Testing of Low-Abundance Biomarkers of Neurological Diseases. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10332-10340. [PMID: 38865206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The neurofilament protein light chain (NEFL) is a potential biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is also closely related to neuroinflammation. Especially, NEFL and IL-6 are the two most low-abundance known protein markers of neurological diseases, making their detection very important for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of such kinds of diseases. Nevertheless, quantitative detection of low concentrations of NEFL and IL-6 in serum remains quite difficult, especially in the point-of-care test (POCT). Herein, we developed a portable, sensitive electrochemical biosensor combined with smartphones that can be applied to multiple scenarios for the quantitative detection of NEFL and IL-6, meeting the need of the POCT. We used a double-antibody sandwich configuration combined with polyenzyme-catalyzed signal amplification to improve the sensitivity of the biosensor for the detection of NEFL and IL-6 in sera. We could detect NEFL as low as 5.22 pg/mL and IL-6 as low as 3.69 pg/mL of 6 μL of serum within 2 h, demonstrating that this electrochemical biosensor worked well with serum systems. Results also showed its superior detection capabilities over those of high-sensitivity ELISA for serum samples. Importantly, by detecting NEFL and IL-6 in sera, the biosensor showed its potential for the POCT model detection of all known biomarkers of neurological diseases, making it possible for the mass screening of patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanzhi Dou
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinse Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Institute of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shiping Song
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Institute of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Institute of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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He X, Xie X, Xiang J, Yang M. Convenient Size Analysis of Nanoplastics on a Microelectrode. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6180-6185. [PMID: 38593062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Chemical recycling is a promising approach to reduce plastic pollution. Timely and accurate size analysis of produced nanoplastics is necessary to monitor the process and assess the quality of chemical recycling. In this work, a sandwich-type microelectrode sensor was developed for the size assessment of nanoplastics. β-Mercaptoethylamine was modified on the microelectrode to enhance its surface positive charge density. Polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics were captured on the sensor through electrostatic interactions. Ferrocene was used as an electrochemical beacon and attached to PS via hydrophobic interactions. The results show a nonlinear dependence of the sensor's current response on the PS particle size. The size resolving ability of the microelectrode is mainly attributed to the small size of the electrode and the resulting attenuation of the electric field strength. For mixed samples with different particle sizes, this method can provide accurate average particle sizes. Through an effective pretreatment process, the method can be applied to PS nanoplastics with different surface properties, ensuring its application in evaluating different chemical recycling methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Liu D, Xiang J, Yang M. Combining Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Neurofilament Light Chain for the Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1693-1699. [PMID: 38231554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent brain disorder affecting more than 2% of the world's population. Due to the lack of well-specific biomarkers, it is difficult to distinguish MDD from other diseases with similar clinical symptoms (such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebral thrombosis). In this work, we provided a strategy to address this issue by constructing a combinatorial biomarker of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NFL). To achieve the convenient and sensitive detection of two proteins, we developed an electrochemical immunosandwich sensor using two metal-ion-doped carbon dots (Pb-CDs and Cu-CDs) as probes for signal output. Each probe contains approximately 300 Pb2+ or 200 Cu2+, providing excellent signal amplification. This method achieved detection limits of 0.3 pg mL-1 for GFAP and 0.2 pg mL-1 for NFL, lower than most of the reported detection limits. Analysis of real serum samples showed that the concentration ratio of GFAP to NFL, which is associated with the relative degree of brain inflammation and neurodegeneration, is suitable for not only distinguishing MDD from healthy individuals but also specifically distinguishing MDD from Alzheimer's disease and cerebral thrombosis. The good specificity gives the combinatorial GFAP/NFL biomarker broad application prospects in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinXia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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Costa J, Hayes C, Lisacek F. Protein glycosylation and glycoinformatics for novel biomarker discovery in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101991. [PMID: 37348818 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification of brain proteins including cell surface adhesion molecules, synaptic proteins, receptors and channels, as well as intracellular proteins, with implications in brain development and functions. Using advanced state-of-the-art glycomics and glycoproteomics technologies in conjunction with glycoinformatics resources, characteristic glycosylation profiles in brain tissues are increasingly reported in the literature and growing evidence shows deregulation of glycosylation in central nervous system disorders, including aging associated neurodegenerative diseases. Glycan signatures characteristic of brain tissue are also frequently described in cerebrospinal fluid due to its enrichment in brain-derived molecules. A detailed structural analysis of brain and cerebrospinal fluid glycans collected in publications in healthy and neurodegenerative conditions was undertaken and data was compiled to create a browsable dedicated set in the GlyConnect database of glycoproteins (https://glyconnect.expasy.org/brain). The shared molecular composition of cerebrospinal fluid with brain enhances the likelihood of novel glycobiomarker discovery for neurodegeneration, which may aid in unveiling disease mechanisms, therefore, providing with novel therapeutic targets as well as diagnostic and progression monitoring tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Costa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Catherine Hayes
- Proteome Informatics Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frédérique Lisacek
- Proteome Informatics Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland; Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland; Section of Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Adil O, Shamsi MH. Electrochemical Impedance Immunoassay for ALS-Associated Neurofilament Protein: Matrix Effect on the Immunoplatform. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:247. [PMID: 36832013 PMCID: PMC9954657 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder, which has complex diagnostic steps. Electrochemical immunoassays may make the diagnosis simpler and faster. Here, we present the detection of ALS-associated neurofilament light chain (Nf-L) protein through an electrochemical impedance immunoassay on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) screen-printed electrodes. The immunoassay was developed in two different media, i.e., buffer and human serum, to compare the effect of the media on their figures of merit and calibration models. The label-free charge transfer resistance (RCT) of the immunoplatform was used as a signal response to develop the calibration models. We found that exposure of the biorecognition layer to human serum improved the impedance response of the biorecognition element with significantly lower relative error. Moreover, the calibration model obtained in the human serum environment has higher sensitivity and a better limit of detection (0.087 ng/mL) than the buffer medium (0.39 ng/mL). The analyses of the ALS patient samples show that concentrations obtained from the buffer-based regression model was higher than the serum-based model. However, a high Pearson correlation (r = 1.00) between the media suggests that concentration in one medium may be useful to predict the concentration in the other medium. Moreover, the Nf-L concentration appears to increase with age in both male and female groups, while overall higher Nf-L was found in the male group than the female group.
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Xie X, Liu D, Wang W, Xiang J, Yang M, Liu G. Microelectrode-Based Electrochemical Impedance Determination of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Aqueous Humor for Diagnosis of Glaucoma. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2087-2093. [PMID: 36628978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in aqueous humor (AH) is an ideal biomarker for the diagnosis of glaucoma, a chronic progressive optic neuropathy and the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness. The difficulty of AH-based BDNF detection is from the small amount of extracted AH in a paracentesis (<100 μL) and the ultra-low abundance of BDNF. In this work, we systematically studied the non-specific adsorption of biofluids on the bare gold electrode by electrochemistry and Raman spectroscopy techniques, revealing the unexpected negative correlation of the extent of non-specific adsorption with the size of the electrode. Based on it, a simple microelectrode-based sensor without the introduction of the blocking layer was developed for the detection of BDNF in the AH sample. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and extracting the changes of electron-transfer resistance of the electrochemical probe [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- on the sensor surface, the BDNF was quantified. The dynamic range was from 0.5 to 50 pg·mL-1, with a detection limit of 0.3 pg·mL-1 and a sample consumption of 5 μL. The real AH sample analysis confirmed the significant decrease of BDNF abundance in the AH of glaucoma patients. Our microelectrode-based EIS sensor displayed prominent advantages on simplified preparation, sensitive response, and low sample consumption. This AH-based BDNF analysis is expected to be used for the screening and diagnosis of glaucoma, especially for the high-risk population who have ocular diseases and have to undergo surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Weili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Juan Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, P. R. China
| | - Guokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
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Li J, Wang G, Gou X, Xiang J, Huang QT, Liu G. Revealing Trace Nanoplastics in Food Packages─An Electrochemical Approach Facilitated by Synergistic Attraction of Electrostatics and Hydrophobicity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12657-12663. [PMID: 36070514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most food packages are made of plastics, nanoplastics released from which can be directly ingested and induce serious damage to organisms. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an effective and convenient method for nanoplastic determinations in food packages. In this work, we present a sandwich-based electrochemical strategy for nanoplastic determination. Positively charged Au nanoparticles were coated onto a Au electrode to selectively capture negatively charged nanoplastics in an aqueous environment. Subsequently, the nanoplastics were recognized by the signal molecule ferrocene via the hydrophobic interaction and determined by differential pulse voltammetry. Our sandwich-type detection depends on both electronegativity and hydrophobicity of nanoplastics, which make the method applicable for the assays of packages made of widely commercialized polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polyamide (PA). The method displays different sensitivities to above four nanoplastics but the same dynamic range from 1 to 100 μg·L-1. Based on it, the nanoplastics released from several typical food packages were assayed. Teabags were revealed with significant nanoplastic release, while instant noodle boxes, paper cups, and take-out boxes release slightly. The good recoveries in nanoplastic-spiked samples confirm the accuracy and applicability of this method. This work provides a sensitive, low-cost, and simple method without complicated instruments and pretreatment, which is of great significance for the determination of nanoplastics released from food packages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Gan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Gou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Guokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
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