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Vahabi A, Öztürk AM, Kılıçlı B, Birim D, Kaftan Öcal G, Dağcı T, Armağan G. Silibinin promotes healing in spinal cord injury through anti-ferroptotic mechanisms. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1344. [PMID: 38957164 PMCID: PMC11217020 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Study Design Pre-clinical animal experiment. Objective In this study, we investigated therapeutic effects of silibinin in a spinal cord injury (SCI) model. In SCI, loss of cells due to secondary damage mechanisms exceeds that caused by primary damage. Ferroptosis, which is iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death, is shown to be influential in the pathogenesis of SCI. Methods The study was conducted as an in vivo experiment using a total of 78 adult male/female Sprague Dawley rats. Groups were as follows: Sham, SCI, deferoxamine (DFO) treatment, and silibinin treatment. There were subgroups with follow-up periods of 24 h, 72 h, and 6 weeks in all groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and Fe2+ levels were measured by spectrophotometry. Glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), ferroportin (FPN), transferrin receptor (TfR1), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-modified protein levels were assessed by Western blotting. Functional recovery was assessed using Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan test. Results Silibinin achieved significant suppression in MDA and 4-HNE levels compared to the SCI both in 72-h and 6 weeks group (p < 0.05). GSH, GPX4, and FNP levels were found to be significantly higher in the silibinin 24 h, 72 h, and 6 weeks group compared to corresponding SCI groups (p < 0.05). Significant reduction in iron levels was observed in silibinin treated rats in 72 h and 6 weeks group (p < 0.05). Silibinin substantially suppressed TfR1 levels in 24 h and 72 h groups (p < 0.05). Significant difference among recovery capacities was observed as follows: Silibinin > DFO > SCI (p < 0.05). Conclusion Impact of silibinin on iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation, both of which are features of ferroptosis, may contribute to therapeutic activity. Within this context, our findings posit silibinin as a potential therapeutic candidate possessing antiferroptotic properties in SCI model. Therapeutic agents capable of effectively and safely mitigating ferroptotic cell death hold the potential to be critical points of future clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Vahabi
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyEge University School of MedicineIzmirTurkey
| | - Anıl Murat Öztürk
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyEge University School of MedicineIzmirTurkey
| | - Bünyamin Kılıçlı
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyEge University School of MedicineIzmirTurkey
| | - Derviş Birim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of BiochemistryEge UniversityIzmirTurkey
| | - Gizem Kaftan Öcal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of BiochemistryAfyonkarahisar Health Sciences UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Taner Dağcı
- Department of PhysiologyEge University School of MedicineIzmirTurkey
| | - Güliz Armağan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of BiochemistryEge UniversityIzmirTurkey
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2
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Sui Y, Geng X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Yang Y, Meng Z. Targeting the regulation of iron homeostasis as a potential therapeutic strategy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2024; 157:155953. [PMID: 38885833 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
With aging and the increasing incidence of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD mainly includes simple hepatic steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An imbalance in hepatic iron homeostasis is usually associated with the progression of NAFLD and induces iron overload, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and lipid peroxide accumulation, which leads to ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a unique type of programmed cell death (PCD) that is characterized by iron dependence, ROS production and lipid peroxidation. The ferroptosis inhibition systems involved in NAFLD include the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1)/coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) regulatory axes. The main promotion system involved is the acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family (ACSL4)/arachidonic lipoxygenase 15 (ALOX15) axis. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the multiple roles of iron homeostasis imbalance and ferroptosis in the progression of NAFLD. This review highlights the latest studies about iron homeostasis imbalance- and ferroptosis-associated NAFLD, mainly including the physiology and pathophysiology of hepatic iron metabolism, hepatic iron homeostasis imbalance during the development of NAFLD, and key regulatory molecules and roles of hepatic ferroptosis in NAFLD. This review aims to provide innovative therapeutic strategies for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Sui
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Geng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqun Yang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ziyu Meng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
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3
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Yan HF, Tuo QZ, Lei P. Cell density impacts the susceptibility to ferroptosis by modulating IRP1-mediated iron homeostasis. J Neurochem 2024; 168:1359-1373. [PMID: 38382918 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis has been implicated in several neurological disorders and may be therapeutically targeted. However, the susceptibility to ferroptosis varies in different cells, and inconsistent results have been reported even using the same cell line. Understanding the effects of key variables of in vitro studies on ferroptosis susceptibility is of critical importance to facilitate drug discoveries targeting ferroptosis. Here, we showed that increased cell seeding density leads to enhanced resistance to ferroptosis by reducing intracellular iron levels. We further identified iron-responsive protein 1 (IRP1) as the key protein affected by cell density, which affects the expression of ferroportin or transferrin receptor and results in altered iron levels. Such observations were consistent across different cell lines, indicating that cell density should be tightly controlled in studies of ferroptosis. Since cell densities vary in different brain regions, these results may also shed light on selective regional vulnerability observed in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fa Yan
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Zhang Tuo
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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4
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Zhang CH, Yan YJ, Luo Q. The molecular mechanisms and potential drug targets of ferroptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2024; 340:122439. [PMID: 38278348 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), caused by the initial interruption and subsequent restoration of coronary artery blood, results in further damage to cardiac function, affecting the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, superoxide-driven, non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death that is involved in the pathogenesis of MIRI. Ferroptosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides (LOOH) and redox disequilibrium. Free iron ions can induce lipid oxidative stress as a substrate of the Fenton reaction and lipoxygenase (LOX) and participate in the inactivation of a variety of lipid antioxidants including CoQ10 and GPX4, destroying the redox balance and causing cell death. The metabolism of amino acid, iron, and lipids, including associated pathways, is considered as a specific hallmark of ferroptosis. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on the mechanisms of ferroptosis and discusses and analyzes the therapeutic approaches targeting ferroptosis to alleviate MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yu-Jie Yan
- School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qi Luo
- School of Basic Medical Science, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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5
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Chen YL, Xiong LA, Ma LF, Fang L, Zhan ZJ. Natural product-derived ferroptosis mediators. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 219:114002. [PMID: 38286199 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
It has been 11 years since ferroptosis, a new mode of programmed cell death, was first proposed. Natural products are an important source of drug discovery. In the past five years, natural product-derived ferroptosis regulators have been discovered in an endless stream. Herein, 178 natural products discovered so far to trigger or resist ferroptosis are classified into 6 structural classes based on skeleton type, and the mechanisms of action that have been reported are elaborated upon. If pharmacodynamic data are sufficient, the structure and bioactivity relationship is also presented. This review will provide medicinal chemists with some effective ferroptosis regulators, which will promote the research of natural product-based treatment of ferroptosis-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Li Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Lin-An Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Lie-Feng Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, PR China.
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China.
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6
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Zuo HL, Huang HY, Lin YCD, Liu KM, Lin TS, Wang YB, Huang HD. Effects of Natural Products on Enzymes Involved in Ferroptosis: Regulation and Implications. Molecules 2023; 28:7929. [PMID: 38067658 PMCID: PMC10708253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides. The regulation of ferroptosis involves both non-enzymatic reactions and enzymatic mechanisms. Natural products have demonstrated potential effects on various enzymes, including GPX4, HO-1, NQO1, NOX4, GCLC, and GCLM, which are mainly involved in glutathione metabolic pathway or oxidative stress regulation, and ACSL3 and ACSL4, which mainly participate in lipid metabolism, thereby influencing the regulation of ferroptosis. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive overview of the existing literature pertaining to the effects of natural products on enzymes involved in ferroptosis and discussed their potential implications for the prevention and treatment of ferroptosis-related diseases. We also highlight the potential challenge that the majority of research has concentrated on investigating the impact of natural products on the expression of enzymes involving ferroptosis while limited attention is given to the regulation of enzyme activity. This observation underscores the considerable potential and scope for exploring the influence of natural products on enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Li Zuo
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.-D.L.); (T.-S.L.); (Y.-B.W.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.-D.L.); (T.-S.L.); (Y.-B.W.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yang-Chi-Dung Lin
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.-D.L.); (T.-S.L.); (Y.-B.W.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Kun-Meng Liu
- Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China;
| | - Ting-Syuan Lin
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.-D.L.); (T.-S.L.); (Y.-B.W.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yi-Bing Wang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.-D.L.); (T.-S.L.); (Y.-B.W.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China; (H.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.-D.L.); (T.-S.L.); (Y.-B.W.)
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
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7
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Tian Y, Wan N, Zhang H, Shao C, Ding M, Bao Q, Hu H, Sun H, Liu C, Zhou K, Chen S, Wang G, Ye H, Hao H. Chemoproteomic mapping of the glycolytic targetome in cancer cells. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1480-1491. [PMID: 37322158 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01355-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivated glycolysis is a metabolic hallmark of most cancer cells. Although sporadic information has revealed that glycolytic metabolites possess nonmetabolic functions as signaling molecules, how these metabolites interact with and functionally regulate their binding targets remains largely elusive. Here, we introduce a target-responsive accessibility profiling (TRAP) approach that measures changes in ligand binding-induced accessibility for target identification by globally labeling reactive proteinaceous lysines. With TRAP, we mapped 913 responsive target candidates and 2,487 interactions for 10 major glycolytic metabolites in a model cancer cell line. The wide targetome depicted by TRAP unveils diverse regulatory modalities of glycolytic metabolites, and these modalities involve direct perturbation of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism, intervention of an orphan transcriptional protein's activity and modulation of targetome-level acetylation. These results further our knowledge of how glycolysis orchestrates signaling pathways in cancer cells to support their survival, and inspire exploitation of the glycolytic targetome for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Wan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Shao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Ding
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyu Bao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyong Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Zhu B, Wei Y, Zhang M, Yang S, Tong R, Li W, Long E. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: ferroptosis related mechanisms and potential drugs. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1286449. [PMID: 38027027 PMCID: PMC10665502 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1286449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is considered a "multisystem" disease that simultaneously suffers from metabolic diseases and hepatic steatosis. Some may develop into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Given the close connection between metabolic diseases and fatty liver, it is urgent to identify drugs that can control metabolic diseases and fatty liver as a whole and delay disease progression. Ferroptosis, characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation resulting from abnormal iron metabolism, is a programmed cell death mechanism. It is an important pathogenic mechanism in metabolic diseases or fatty liver, and may become a key direction for improving MASLD. In this article, we have summarized the physiological and pathological mechanisms of iron metabolism and ferroptosis, as well as the connections established between metabolic diseases and fatty liver through ferroptosis. We have also summarized MASLD therapeutic drugs and potential active substances targeting ferroptosis, in order to provide readers with new insights. At the same time, in future clinical trials involving subjects with MASLD (especially with the intervention of the therapeutic drugs), the detection of serum iron metabolism levels and ferroptosis markers in patients should be increased to further explore the efficacy of potential drugs on ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqiang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuankui Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Enwu Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Mathay M, Keller A, Bruce JE. Studying Protein-Ligand Interactions by Protein Denaturation and Quantitative Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:9432-9436. [PMID: 37307416 PMCID: PMC10848897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several mass spectrometry methods have utilized protein structural stability for the quantitative study of protein-ligand engagement. These protein-denaturation approaches, which include thermal proteome profiling (TPP) and stability of proteins from rates of oxidation (SPROX), evaluate ligand-induced denaturation susceptibility changes with a MS-based readout. The different techniques of bottom-up protein-denaturation methods each have their own advantages and challenges. Here, we report the combination of protein-denaturation principles with quantitative cross-linking mass spectrometry using isobaric quantitative protein interaction reporter technologies. This method enables the evaluation of ligand-induced protein engagement through analysis of cross-link relative ratios across chemical denaturation. As a proof of concept, we found ligand-stabilized cross-linked lysine pairs in well-studied bovine serum albumin and ligand bilirubin. These links map to the known binding sites Sudlow Site I and subdomain IB. We propose that protein denaturation and qXL-MS can be combined with similar peptide-level quantification approaches, like SPROX, to increase the coverage information profiled for facilitating protein-ligand engagement efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mathay
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Andrew Keller
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
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Zhou Z, Li J, Zhang X. Natural Flavonoids and Ferroptosis: Potential Therapeutic Opportunities for Human Diseases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37027486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of bioactive phytochemicals containing a core 2-phenylchromone skeleton and are widely found in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Such natural compounds have gained significant attention due to their various health benefits. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered unique iron-dependent mode of cell death. Unlike traditional regulated cell death (RCD), ferroptosis is associated with excessive lipid peroxidation on cellular membranes. Accumulating evidence suggests that this form of RCD is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Notably, multiple flavonoids have been shown to be effective in preventing and treating diverse human diseases by regulating ferroptosis. In this review, we introduce the key molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, including iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and several major antioxidant systems. Additionally, we summarize the promising flavonoids targeting ferroptosis, which provides novel ideas for the management of diseases such as cancer, acute liver injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jiye Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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