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Tong J, Zhao W, Wang K, Deng D, Xiao L. Organ-level distribution tandem mass spectrometry analysis of three structural types of brassinosteroids in rapeseed. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1308781. [PMID: 38516662 PMCID: PMC10956354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1308781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of naturally occurring steroidal phytohormones mediating a wide range of pivotal developmental and physiological functions throughout the plant's life cycle. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine the content and the distribution of BRs in plants.Regretfully, although a large number of quantitative methods for BRs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) have been reported, the in planta distribution of BRs is still unclear because of their lower contents in plant tissues and the lack of effective ionizable groups in their chemical structures. Methods We stablished a novel analytical method of BRs based on C18 cartridge solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification, 4-(dimethylamino)-phenylboronic acid (DMAPBA) derivatization, and online valve-switching system coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electro spray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). This method has been used to quantify three structural types of BRs (epibrassinolide, epicastasterone, and 6-deoxo-24-epicastaster one) in different organs of Brassica napus L. (rapeseed). Results We obtained the contents of three structural types of BRs in various organ tissues of rapeseed. The contents of three BRs in rapeseed flowers were the highest, followed by tender pods. The levels of three BRs all decreased during the maturation of the organs. We outlined the spatial distribution maps of three BRs in rapeseed based on these results, so as to understand the spatial distribution of BRs at the visual level. Conclusions Our results provided useful information for the precise in situ localization of BRs in plants and the metabolomic research of BRs in future work. The in planta spatial distribution of BRs at the visual level has been studied for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Laboratory of Yuelu Mountain, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenkui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Keming Wang
- Assets and Laboratory Management Department, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Danyi Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Laboratory of Yuelu Mountain, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Laboratory of Yuelu Mountain, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Zhao X, Dong J, Zhang Y, Wu T, Bie Z, Chen Y. Magnetic dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles based integrated platform for rapid and efficient analysis of saccharides. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342166. [PMID: 38220298 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an essential compound in living organism, saccharides have attracted enormous attentions from scientists in various fields. Understanding the distribution of saccharides in various samples is of great scientific importance. However, the low signal response and lack of specific recognition technology of saccharides and the complex matrix of samples make the analysis of saccharides a very challenge task. Thus, the development of a simple and straightforward strategy for the analysis of saccharides would represent a great contribution to the field. RESULTS In this study, by employing the sulfonyl functionalized magnetic dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles as the substrate, we develop an integrated platform for analysis of saccharides. The construction of the platform mainly relied on multi-functional boronic acid, which serves as separation and derivation ligands at the same time. In the general procedure, the boronic acid is first immobilized onto the surface of substrate, then the selective enrichment of saccharides can be realized via boronate affinity separation. Finally, by the rational choice of the solution, we are able to elute the labelled complex (boronic acid-saccharide) from the substrate, which can be direct subjected to HPLC-UV analysis. The reliable precision (<15 %), accuracy (80-100 %), reproducibility (<10 %), improved sensitivity (20x) and limited time-consuming (down to minutes) of the proposed platform are experimentally demonstrated. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY The successful quantification of different saccharides (alditols, glucose) in real samples is achieved. The proposed strategy is not only straightforward and fast, but also avoid the requirement of special equipment. With these attractive features, we believe that this strategy will greatly prompt the analysis of saccharides in various samples (eg. food, pharmaceutics and biosamples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Jiacheng Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Tianrun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Zijun Bie
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China; Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China; Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical University, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China.
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Vrobel O, Tarkowski P. Can plant hormonomics be built on simple analysis? A review. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:107. [PMID: 37833752 PMCID: PMC10576392 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of plant hormonomics focuses on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the hormone complement in plant samples, akin to other omics sciences. Plant hormones, alongside primary and secondary metabolites, govern vital processes throughout a plant's lifecycle. While active hormones have received significant attention, studying all related compounds provides valuable insights into internal processes. Conventional single-class plant hormone analysis employs thorough sample purification, short analysis and triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Conversely, comprehensive hormonomics analysis necessitates minimal purification, robust and efficient separation and better-performing mass spectrometry instruments. This review summarizes the current status of plant hormone analysis methods, focusing on sample preparation, advances in chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection, including a discussion on internal standard selection and the potential of derivatization. Moreover, current approaches for assessing the spatiotemporal distribution are evaluated. The review touches on the legitimacy of the term plant hormonomics by exploring the current status of methods and outlining possible future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Vrobel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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4
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Heiss DR, Amoah E, Badu-Tawiah AK. Two-dimensional isomer differentiation using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with in-source, droplet-based derivatization. Analyst 2023; 148:5270-5278. [PMID: 37740330 PMCID: PMC10696534 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01276j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Saccharides are increasingly used as biomarkers and for therapeutic purposes. Their characterization is challenging due to their low ionization efficiencies and inherent structural heterogeneity. Here, we illustrate how the coupling of online droplet-based reaction, in a form of contained electrospray (ES) ion source, with liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) allows the comprehensive characterization of sucrose isomers. We used the reaction between phenylboronic acid and cis-diols for on-the-fly derivatization of saccharides eluting from the LC column followed by in situ MS/MS analysis, which afforded diagnostic fragment ions that enabled differentiation of species indistinguishable by chromatography or mass spectrometry alone. For example, chromatograms differing only by 2% in retention times were flagged to be different based on incompatible MS/MS fragmentation patterns. This orthogonal LC-contained-ES-MS/MS method was applied to confirm the presence of turanose, palatinose, maltulose, and maltose, which are structural isomers of sucrose, in three different honey samples. The reported workflow does not require modification to existing mass spectrometers, and the contained-ES platform itself acts both as the ion source and the reactor, all promising widespread application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derik R Heiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
- Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Enoch Amoah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Abraham K Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Dai Y, Zhou J, Wei C, Chai L, Xie X, Liu R, Lv Y. "Iridium Signature" Mass Spectrometric Probes: New Tools Integrated in a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Workflow for Routine Profiling of Nitric Oxide and Metabolic Fingerprints in Cells. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive signaling molecule involved in diverse biological processes. Simultaneous profiling of NO and associated metabolic fingerprints in a single assay allows more accurate assessments of cell states and offers the possibility to better understand its exact biological roles. Herein, a multiplexing LC-MS workflow was established for simultaneous detection of intracellular NO and various metabolites based on a novel "iridium signature" mass spectrometric probe (Ir-MSP841). This Ir-MSP841 can convert highly liable NO to a stable permanently charged triazole product (Ir-TP852), enabling direct MS detection of NO. This 191/193Ir-signature mass spectrometric probe-based approach is endowed with overwhelming advantages of interference-free, high quantitative accuracy, and great sensitivity (limit of detection down to 0.14 nM). It also reveals good linearity over a wide concentration range 12.5-500 nM and has been successfully employed for exploring the release behaviors of three representative NO donors in cells. Meanwhile, metabolic profiling results reveal that varying the concentrations of NO has distinct effects on various cellular metabolites. This study provides a robust, sensitive, and versatile method for simultaneous detection of NO and numerous metabolites in a single LC-MS run and expands its applications in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chudong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Li Chai
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Xie
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Gao S, Zhou X, Yue M, Zhu S, Liu Q, Zhao XE. Advances and perspectives in chemical isotope labeling-based mass spectrometry methods for metabolome and exposome analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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7
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Xiong CF, Bai YL, Yin XM, Ye TT, Feng YQ. Use of Chemical Labeling-Assisted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Discovering Derivatives of Brassinosteroids. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Heiss DR, Badu-Tawiah AK. Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Online, In-Source Droplet-Based Phenylboronic Acid Derivatization for Sensitive Analysis of Saccharides. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14071-14078. [PMID: 36179275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to identify abnormalities in the body's saccharide profile is a promising means for early disease detection but requires analytical tools capable of detecting saccharides at low concentrations and/or for volume-limited samples. The preferred analysis approach for these compounds, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS), often lacks sensitivity due to poor ionization efficiency. In this work, we employ a modified electrospray interface-termed contained-electrospray (contained-ESI) to couple accelerated droplet chemistry to conventional LC-MS for the online and automated separation, derivatization, and detection of saccharides. The chromatographic component enables complex sample and mixtures analysis with low sample volume requirements, while the enhanced reaction kinetics afforded by electrosprayed microdroplets facilitates rapid, on-the-fly derivatization to boost sensitivity. Derivatization occurs during ion formation as analytes elute from the column, eliminating the need for superfluous post-column derivatization hardware or complicated benchtop protocols. A grounded coupler was incorporated to shield the LC from the high-voltage ion source, and method conditions were optimized to accommodate the low flow rates preferred for microdroplet reactions. The new LC-contained-ESI-MS/MS platform was demonstrated for the analysis of several mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides using in-source droplet-based phenylboronic acid derivatization. Femtomole limits of detection were achieved for a 1 μL injection, representing sensitivity enhancement of 1-2 orders of magnitude over conventional LC-ESI-MS/MS without derivatization. In addition, isobaric saccharides that are difficult to differentiate by MS alone were easily distinguished. Method precision, accuracy, and linearity were established, and the ability to detect oligosaccharides at trace levels in human urine and plasma was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derik R Heiss
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States.,Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio43201, United States
| | - Abraham K Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio43210, United States
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9
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Zhu Z, Li X, Tang C, Shen J, Liu J, Ye Y. A derivatization strategy for comprehensive identification of 2- and 3-hydroxyl fatty acids by LC-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1216:339981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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10
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Danilova ED, Litvinovskaya RP, Zlobin IE, Kolomeichuk LV, Murgan OK, Sauchuk AL, Khripach VA, Kuznetsov VV, Efimova MV. Polymetallic Stress Changes the Endogenous Status of Brassinosteroids and Reduces the Effectiveness of Photochemical Reactions Photosystem II in Barley Plants. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2022; 504:123-127. [DOI: 10.1134/s1607672922030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Diboronic acid assisted labeling and separation for highly efficient analysis of saccharides. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1667:462908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Wan D, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Yang J. A Fast and Selective Approach for Profiling Vicinal Diols Using Liquid Chromatography-Post Column Derivatization-Double Precursor Ion Scanning Mass Spectrometry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010283. [PMID: 35011515 PMCID: PMC8747065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vicinal diols are important signaling metabolites of various inflammatory diseases, and some of them are potential biomarkers for some diseases. Utilizing the rapid reaction between diol and 6-bromo-3-pyridinylboronic acid (BPBA), a selective and sensitive approach was established to profile these vicinal diols using liquid chromatography-post column derivatization coupled with double precursor ion scan-mass spectrometry (LC-PCD-DPIS-MS). After derivatization, all BPBA-vicinal-diol esters gave a pair of characteristic isotope ions resulting from 79Br and 81Br. The unique isotope pattern generated two characteristic fragment ions of m/z 200 and 202. Compared to a traditional offline derivatization technique, the new LC-PCD-DPIS-MS method retained the capacity of LC separation. In addition, it is more sensitive and selective than a full scan MS method. As an application, an in vitro study of the metabolism of epoxy fatty acids by human soluble epoxide hydrolase was tested. These vicinal-diol metabolites of individual regioisomers from different types of polyunsaturated fatty acids were easily identified. The limit of detection (LOD) reached as low as 25 nM. The newly developed LC-PCD-DPIS-MS method shows significant advantages in improving the selectivity and therefore can be employed as a powerful tool for profiling vicinal-diol compounds from biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Yang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-530-752-5109
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13
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Heiss DR, Badu-Tawiah AK. In-Source Microdroplet Derivatization Using Coaxial Contained-Electrospray Mass Spectrometry for Enhanced Sensitivity in Saccharide Analysis. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16779-16786. [PMID: 34874718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Online, droplet-based in-source chemical derivatization is accomplished using a coaxial-flow contained-electrospray ionization (contained-ESI) source to enhance sensitivity for the mass spectrometric analysis of saccharides. Derivatization is completed in microseconds by exploiting the reaction rate acceleration afforded by electrospray microdroplets. Significant improvements in method sensitivity are realized with minimal sample preparation and few resources when compared to traditional benchtop derivatizations. For this work, the formation of easily ionizable phenylboronate ester derivatives of several mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides is achieved. Various reaction parameters including concentration and pH were evaluated, and a Design of Experiments approach was used to optimize ion source parameters. Signal enhancements of greater than two orders of magnitude were observed for many mono- and disaccharides using in-source phenylboronic acid derivatization, resulting in parts-per-trillion (picomolar) limits of detection. In addition, amino sugars such as glucosamine, which do not ionize in negative mode, were detected at low parts-per-billion concentrations, and isobaric sugars such as lactose and sucrose were easily distinguished. The new in-source derivatization approach can be employed to expand the utility of ESI-MS analysis for compounds that historically experience limited sensitivity and detectability, while avoiding resource-intensive, bulk-phase derivatization procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derik R Heiss
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.,Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43201, United States
| | - Abraham K Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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14
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Zhang X, Wang W, Zare RN, Min Q. Peptide and protein assays using customizable bio-affinity arrays combined with ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10810-10816. [PMID: 34476062 PMCID: PMC8372322 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02311j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput identification and quantification of protein/peptide biomarkers from biofluids in a label-free manner is achieved by interfacing bio-affinity arrays (BAAs) with nano-electrospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nano-DESI-MS). A wide spectrum of proteins and peptides ranging from phosphopeptides to cis-diol biomolecules as well as thrombin can be rapidly extracted via arbitrarily predefined affinity interactions including coordination chemistry, covalent bonding, and biological recognition. An integrated MS platform allows continuous interrogation. Profiling and quantitation of dysregulated phosphopeptides from small-volume (∼5 μL) serum samples has been successfully demonstrated. As a front-end device adapted to any mass spectrometer, this MS platform might hold much promise in protein/peptide analysis in point-of-care (POC) diagnostics and clinical applications. Customizable bio-affinity arrays were interfaced with ambient ionization mass spectrometry for high-throughput assays of protein/peptide biomarkers in biofluids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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15
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Li H, He H, Liu Z. Recent progress and application of boronate affinity materials in bioanalysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Hou S, Song X, Li L, Wang R, Wang X, Ji W. Boronic Acid-Functionalized Scholl-Coupling Mesoporous Polymers for Online Solid-Phase Extraction of Brassinosteroids from Plant-Derived Foodstuffs. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4883-4893. [PMID: 33847497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are natural, nontoxic, non-hazardous, biosafe, and eco-friendly plant hormones, possessing diverse pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the type and content of BRs in frequently consumed plant-derived foodstuffs because of their low abundance and high abundance of interference. In this study, a selective, accurate, and sensitive method based on the online solid-phase extraction using the boronic acid-functionalized Scholl-coupling microporous polymer was developed for the analysis of BRs in plant-derived foodstuffs. Under optimum conditions, an excellent linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9970) and lower limits of detection (0.010-0.070 pg mL-1) were obtained. The high relative recoveries were in the range of 90.33-109.34% with relative standard deviations less than 9.73%. The method was successfully used for the determination of BRs in fifteen plant-derived foodstuffs. The present work offers a valuable tool for exploring BRs from the plant-derived foodstuffs and can provide useful information for developing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghuai Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xin Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lili Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rongyu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wenhua Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
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17
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Luo Z, Xu M, Wang R, Liu X, Huang Y, Xiao L. Magnetic Ti 3C 2 MXene functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction and in situ derivatization for determining 12 phytohormones in oilseeds by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 183:112611. [PMID: 33341665 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic solid phase extraction integrated with in situ derivations for the profiling of 12 phytohormones in a single rapeseed seed was developed by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The Fe3O4@Ti3C2@β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles were firstly synthesized and used as an adsorbent for the solid-phase extraction of phytohormones. The magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction and in situ derivation by the addition of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide were ingeniously combined. This efficient pre-treatment method integrated the extraction, purification, and derivatization processes into one single step. Satisfactory methodological performance was achieved by optimization of the parameters. Linearities (R2 > 0.9928) and recoveries (80.4 %-115.1%) at three spiked levels, as well as the low matrix effect (from -16.63% to 17.06%) and limits of detection (0.89-13.62 pg/mL) were obtained. The spatio-temporal profiling of target phytohormones in different tissues of rapeseed germination was investigated. This method was successfully employed for analyzing target phytohormones in different oilseeds samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoufei Luo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruozhong Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiubing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yongkang Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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18
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Xiong CF, Ding J, Zhu QF, Bai YL, Yin XM, Ye TT, Yu QW, Feng YQ. Boron Isotope Tag-Assisted Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Discovery and Annotation of cis-Diol-Containing Metabolites. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3002-3009. [PMID: 33497194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
cis-Diol-containing metabolites are widely distributed in living organisms, and they participate in the regulation of various important biological activities. The profiling of cis-diol-containing metabolites could help us in fully understanding their functions. In this work, based on the characteristic isotope pattern of boron, we employed a boronic acid reagent as the isotope tag to establish a sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry method for the screening and annotation of cis-diol-containing metabolites in biological samples. Boronic acid reagent 2-methyl-4-phenylaminomethylphenylboronic acid was used to label the cis-diol-containing metabolites in biological samples to improve the selectivity and MS sensitivity of cis-diol-containing metabolites. Based on the characteristic 0.996 Da mass difference of precursor ions and the peak intensity ratio of 1:4 originating from 10B and 11B natural isotopes, the potential cis-diol-containing metabolites were rapidly screened from biological samples. Potential cis-diol-containing metabolites were annotated by database searching and analysis of fragmentation patterns obtained by multistage MS (MSn) via collision-induced dissociation. Importantly, the cis-diol position could be readily resolved by the MS3 spectrum. With this method, a total of 45 cis-diol-containing metabolites were discovered in rice, including monoglycerides, polyhydroxy fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and so forth. Furthermore, the established method showed superiority in avoiding false-positive results in profiling cis-diol-containing metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Feng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Quan-Fei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Tian-Tian Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Qiong-Wei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Amirghasemi F, Adjei-Sowah E, Pockaj BA, Nikkhah M. Microengineered 3D Tumor Models for Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery in Female-Related Cancers. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:1943-1972. [PMID: 33403451 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The burden of cancer continues to increase in society and negatively impacts the lives of numerous patients. Due to the high cost of current treatment strategies, there is a crucial unmet need to develop inexpensive preclinical platforms to accelerate the process of anti-cancer drug discovery to improve outcomes in cancer patients, most especially in female patients. Many current methods employ expensive animal models which not only present ethical concerns but also do not often accurately predict human physiology and the outcomes of anti-cancer drug responsiveness. Conventional treatment approaches for cancer generally include systemic therapy after a surgical procedure. Although this treatment technique is effective, the outcome is not always positive due to various complex factors such as intratumor heterogeneity and confounding factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Patients who develop metastatic disease still have poor prognosis. To that end, recent efforts have attempted to use 3D microengineered platforms to enhance the predictive power and efficacy of anti-cancer drug screening, ultimately to develop personalized therapies. Fascinating features of microengineered assays, such as microfluidics, have led to the advancement in the development of the tumor-on-chip technology platforms, which have shown tremendous potential for meaningful and physiologically relevant anti-cancer drug discovery and screening. Three dimensional microscale models provide unprecedented ability to unveil the biological complexities of cancer and shed light into the mechanism of anti-cancer drug resistance in a timely and resource efficient manner. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the development of microengineered tumor models for anti-cancer drug discovery and screening in female-related cancers. We specifically focus on female-related cancers to draw attention to the various approaches being taken to improve the survival rate of women diagnosed with cancers caused by sex disparities. We also briefly discuss other cancer types like colon adenocarcinomas and glioblastoma due to their high rate of occurrence in females, as well as the high likelihood of sex-biased mutations which complicate current treatment strategies for women. We highlight recent advances in the development of 3D microscale platforms including 3D tumor spheroids, microfluidic platforms as well as bioprinted models, and discuss how they have been utilized to address major challenges in the process of drug discovery, such as chemoresistance, intratumor heterogeneity, drug toxicity, etc. We also present the potential of these platform technologies for use in high-throughput drug screening approaches as a replacements of conventional assays. Within each section, we will provide our perspectives on advantages of the discussed platform technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Amirghasemi
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-9709, USA
| | - Emmanuela Adjei-Sowah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-9709, USA
| | - Barbara A Pockaj
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-9709, USA. .,Biodesign Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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20
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Xin Z, Ruo-Qi L, Cong W, Xiao-Xia M, Ying S, Wen-Xuan S, Xue-Bing W, Dong-Hua L, Xiao M, Ren-Qi W. Simultaneous quantitation of cytokinin bases and their glycoconjugates with stable isotope labelling ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461782. [PMID: 33316559 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinins (CKs) are one class of important phytohormones widely investigated in most aspects of plant life. Similar to other phytohormones, CKs and their glycoconjugates are hydrophilic. Their ionization efficiencies for mass spectrometry (MS) detection are rather poor, whereas their retention and separation on reverse phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) are often unsatisfying. Chemical isotope labelling LC-MS analysis methods have been developed for most other phytohormones, enhancing their LC separations and quantitative sensitivity. However, there are currently no reports for chemical-labelled CKs. Here, we report a new chemical isotope labelling LC-MS analytical method for one-pot derivatization of CK bases and their glycoconjugates, based on differential benzylation labelling of the adenine skeleton of CKs with benzyl bromide and its deuterium isotope-labelled reagent. Benzylation alters the hydrophilicity of CKs and their glycoconjugates, improving their retention and separation on RPLC. The developed method demonstrated enhanced sensitivity, as the CKs and their glycoconjugates could be analysed with LODs within the range of 0.62-25.9 pg/mL. The method also demonstrated good intra- and inter-day precisions with standard deviations in the range of 1.9%-13.0%, and acceptable accuracy with recoveries in the range of 84.0%-119.9%. The developed method was employed on the quantitation of CKs in the fresh roots of Astragalus membranaceus collected from both fertilized and unfertilized fields. The significant impact that fertilizers had on endogenous CKs metabolism was observed. As such, monitoring endogenous CKs and their metabolites might be promising to control fertilizer abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li Ruo-Qi
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Wang Cong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ma Xiao-Xia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Sun Ying
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, PR China
| | | | - Wei Xue-Bing
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Li Dong-Hua
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Ma Xiao
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Wang Ren-Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China; Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
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21
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Wang XY, Xiong CF, Ye TT, Ding J, Feng YQ. Online polymer monolith microextraction with in-situ derivatization for sensitive detection of endogenous brassinosteroids by LC-MS. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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An N, Zhu QF, Yu L, Chen YT, Chen SL, Feng YQ. Derivatization assisted LC-p-MRM-MS with high CID voltage for rapid analysis of brassinosteroids. Talanta 2020; 217:121058. [PMID: 32498827 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a derivatization-assisted pseudo-multiple reaction monitoring with high CID voltage (HV-p-MRM) strategy was proposed for the analysis of brassinosteroids (BRs) by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ MS). The concept of the HV-p-MRM strategy was proposed on the basis of an assumption that the precursor ion of analyte is stable in collision cell and less prone to fragmentation at high CID voltage, while co-existing ions (impurity) of easy fragmentation can break down into smaller fragment ions. In such case, by increasing the CID voltage, the co-existing ions that are introduced due to the low resolution of the quadrupole 1 (Q1) can be filtered out by quadrupole 3 (Q3), while the stable precursor ion of analyte will pass through Q3, thereby that the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the analysis can be improved. As a proof-of-concept study, BRs were derivatized with rhodamine B-boronic acid (RhB-BA) and then the derivatives were used to investigate their variations in MS signal, background noise, and S/N upon the CID voltage and MS scanning resolution. The results showed that S/N of these derivatives can be improved in HV-p-MRM mode. To further demonstrate the feasibility of HV-p-MRM strategy, a RhB-BA derivatization assisted LC-HV-p-MRM-MS method was developed for the analysis of BRs. Using this method, rapid and sensitive determination of BRs in different organs of rape flower was achieved. It can be expected that HV-p-MRM may be suitable for the analytes that are stable or can be converted into compounds of high stability in collision cell at high CID voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na An
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Quan-Fei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Yong-Ting Chen
- Hubei Electrochemical Power Sources Key Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Sheng-Li Chen
- Hubei Electrochemical Power Sources Key Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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23
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Li S, Cai WJ, Wang W, Sun MX, Feng YQ. Rapid Analysis of Monosaccharides in Sub-milligram Plant Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Assisted by Post-column Derivatization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2588-2596. [PMID: 32031793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Monosaccharides play important roles in plant growth and development, and their biofunctions are closely related to their endogenous contents. Therefore, the determination of monosaccharides is beneficial for the further study of monosaccharide biofunction. In this work, we developed a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analytical method assisted by a post-column derivatization technique (LC-PCD-MS) for the fast and automatic determination of 16 monosaccharides in samples. Post-column chemical derivatization of monosaccharides was performed by a reaction of monosaccharides with 4-benzylaminobenzeneboronic acid (4-PAMBA) through boronate ester formation in a three-way connector. 4-PAMBA worked as a derivatization reagent to improve the selectivity and sensitivity of monosaccharide detection by MS. The developed LC-PCD-MS method integrates LC separation, chemical derivatization, and MS detection in one run, thus greatly reducing the analysis time for each sample. The limits of detection and limits of quantification for 16 monosaccharides were in the range of 0.002-0.1 and 0.007-0.5 ng/mL, respectively. Good linearity was obtained from the linear regression, with a determination coefficient (R2) ranging from 0.9928 to 1.0000. The relative recoveries were in the range of 80.7-117.8%, with the intra- and interday relative standard deviations less than 19.7 and 16.5%, respectively, indicating good accuracy and acceptable reproducibility of the method. Finally, the method was successfully applied to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of 16 monosaccharides in the developing flower and germinating seed of Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei 430072 , People's Republic of China
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Current trends in isotope‐coded derivatization liquid chromatographic‐mass spectrometric analyses with special emphasis on their biomedical application. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4756. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Wang L, Zou Y, Kaw HY, Wang G, Sun H, Cai L, Li C, Meng LY, Li D. Recent developments and emerging trends of mass spectrometric methods in plant hormone analysis: a review. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:54. [PMID: 32322293 PMCID: PMC7161177 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones are naturally occurring small molecule compounds which are present at trace amounts in plant. They play a pivotal role in the regulation of plant growth. The biological activity of plant hormones depends on their concentrations in the plant, thus, accurate determination of plant hormone is paramount. However, the complex plant matrix, wide polarity range and low concentration of plant hormones are the main hindrances to effective analyses of plant hormone even when state-of-the-art analytical techniques are employed. These factors substantially influence the accuracy of analytical results. So far, significant progress has been realized in the analysis of plant hormones, particularly in sample pretreatment techniques and mass spectrometric methods. This review describes the classic extraction and modern microextraction techniques used to analyze plant hormone. Advancements in solid phase microextraction (SPME) methods have been driven by the ever-increasing requirement for dynamic and in vivo identification of the spatial distribution of plant hormones in real-life plant samples, which would contribute greatly to the burgeoning field of plant hormone investigation. In this review, we describe advances in various aspects of mass spectrometry methods. Many fragmentation patterns are analyzed to provide the theoretical basis for the establishment of a mass spectral database for the analysis of plant hormones. We hope to provide a technical guide for further discovery of new plant hormones. More than 140 research studies on plant hormone published in the past decade are reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the recent advances in mass spectrometry and sample pretreatment techniques in the analysis of plant hormone. The potential progress for further research in plant hormones analysis is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Yilin Zou
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Han Yeong Kaw
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Huaze Sun
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Long Cai
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Chengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Application of Rare Earth Resources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Long-Yue Meng
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
- Department of Environmental Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002 China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002 China
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Simultaneous quantitative analysis of multiple sphingoid bases by stable isotope labeling assisted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1082:106-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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Hou X, Tang S, Wang J. Recent advances and applications of graphene-based extraction materials in food safety. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Chen Y, Huang A, Zhang Y, Bie Z. Recent advances of boronate affinity materials in sample preparation. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1076:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Stable isotope labeling derivatization coupled with magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction for the determination of hydroxyl-containing cholesterol and metabolites by in vivo microdialysis and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1594:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Zheng J, Zheng SJ, Cai WJ, Yu L, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. Stable isotope labeling combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for comprehensive analysis of short-chain fatty acids. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1070:51-59. [PMID: 31103167 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are one class of bacterial metabolites mainly formed by gut microbiota from undigested fibers and proteins. These molecules are able to mediate signal conduction processes of cells, acting as G protein-coupled receptors (GPR) activators and histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors. It was reported that SCFAs were closely associated with various human diseases. However, it is still challenging to analyze SCFAs because of their diverse structures and broad range of concentrations. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive method for simultaneous detection of 34 SCFAs by stable isotope labeling coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. In this respect, a pair of isotope labeling reagents, N-(4-(aminomethyl)benzyl)aniline (4-AMBA) and N-(4-(aminomethyl)benzyl)aniline-d5 (4-AMBA-d5), were synthesized to label SCFAs from the feces of mice and SCFA standards, respectively. The 4-AMBA-d5 labeled SCFAs were used as internal standards to compensate the ionization variances resulting from matrix effect and thus minimize quantitation deviation in MS detection. After 4-AMBA labeling, the retention of SCFAs on the reversed-phase column increased and the separation resolution of isomers were improved. In addition, the MS responses of most SCFAs were enhanced by up to three orders of magnitude compared to unlabeled SCFAs. The limits of detection (LODs) of SCFAs were as low as 0.005 ng/mL. Moreover, good linearity for 34 SCFAs was obtained with the coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from 0.9846 to 0.9999 and the intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were <17.8% and 15.4%, respectively, indicating the acceptable reproducibility of the developed method. Using the developed method, we successfully quantified 21 SCFAs from the feces of mice. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and t-test analysis showed that the contents of 9 SCFAs were significantly different between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and wide type (WT) mice fecal samples. Compared to WT mice, the contents of propionic acid, isobutyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and 3-hydroxyisocaleric acid were decreased in AD mice, while lactic acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid, levulinic acid, and valpronic acid were increased in AD mice. These significantly changed SCFAs in the feces of AD mice may afford to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of AD. Taken together, the developed UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method could be applied for the sensitive and comprehensive determination of SCFAs from complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Shu-Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Bi-Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Yu L, Cai WJ, Ye T, Feng YQ. A new boronic acid reagent for the simultaneous determination of C 27-, C 28-, and C 29-brassinosteroids in plant tissues by chemical labeling-assisted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1623-1632. [PMID: 30715574 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are endogenous plant growth-promoting hormones affecting growth and development during the entire life cycle of plants. Naturally occurring BRs can be classified into C27-, C28-, or C29-BRs based on the nature of the alkyl groups occupying the C-24 position in the side chain of the 5a-cholestane carbon skeleton. However, while C27-BRs exhibit similar bioactivities to C28- and C29-BRs, the biosynthetic pathways of C27-BRs in plants have not yet been clearly characterized. In addition to a lack of biochemical and enzymatic evidence regarding the biosynthetic pathways of C27-BRs, even most of the intermediate compounds on their pathways have not been explored and identified due to the lower endogenous levels of C27-BRs. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive analytical methods is essential for studying the biosynthetic pathways and physiological functions of C27-BRs. Accordingly, this study establishes qualitative and quantitative methods for identifying and detecting C27-, C28-, and C29-BRs using a newly synthesized boronic acid reagent denoted as 2-methyl-4-phenylaminomethylphenylboronic acid (2-methyl-4-PAMBA) in conjunction with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Labeling with 2-methyl-4-PAMBA provides derivatives with excellent stability, and the detection sensitivities of BRs, particularly for C27-BRs, are dramatically improved. The limits of detection (with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for six BRs, including 2 C27-BRs (28-norCS and 28-norBL), 3 C28-BRs (CS, BL, and TY), and a single C29-BR (28-homoBL), are found to be 0.10-1.68 pg/mL after labeling with 2-methyl-4-PAMBA. Finally, the proposed analytical method is successfully applied for the detection of endogenous BRs in small mass samples of Oryza sativa seedlings, Rape flowers, Arabidopsis shoots, and Arabidopsis flowers. In addition, a method for profiling potential BRs in plants is also developed using LC-MS in multiple reaction monitoring scan mode assisted by 2-methyl-4-PAMBA and 2-methyl-4-PAMBA-d5 labeling. The developed method is able to identify 10 potential BRs in a Rape flower extract. The proposed quantitative and qualitative methods established by 2-methyl-4-PAMBA labeling are helpful for facilitating an understanding of the physiological functions and biosynthetic pathways of BRs, particularly for C27-BRs. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Tiantian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
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Cai WJ, Yu L, Wang W, Sun MX, Feng YQ. Simultaneous Determination of Multiclass Phytohormones in Submilligram Plant Samples by One-Pot Multifunctional Derivatization-Assisted Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3492-3499. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
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Luo XT, Cai BD, Jiang HP, Xiao HM, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. Sensitive analysis of trehalose-6-phosphate and related sugar phosphates in plant tissues by chemical derivatization combined with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1592:82-90. [PMID: 30679043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) is an important signaling metabolite that is involved in many physiological processes. However, the mechanism of the biological functions of T6P is not fully understood. Quantification of T6P in plants will be beneficial to elucidate the mechanism. However, it is still a challenge to chromatographically separate and sensitively detect T6P and related sugar phosphates. In the current study, we developed a method for effective separation and sensitive detection of glucose-1-phosphate (G1P), glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), sucrose-6-phosphate (S6P) and T6P in plant tissues by chemical derivatization combined with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ChD-HILIC-MS/MS). With this method, two pairs of isomers (G1P/G6P and S6P/T6P) could be well separated on a HILIC column and sensitively detected by MS with limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 ng mL-1. The developed method was successfully applied to the detection of endogenous G1P, G6P, S6P and T6P in small amounts of plant tissues, such as 1 mg fresh weight of Oryza sativa shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Han-Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hua-Ming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bi-Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Li S, Gao D, Song C, Tan C, Jiang Y. Isotope Labeling Strategies for Acylcarnitines Profile in Biological Samples by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:1701-1705. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shangfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Personalized Anti-tumor Drugs, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Dan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Personalized Anti-tumor Drugs, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolomics at Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Personalized Anti-tumor Drugs, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Chunyan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Personalized Anti-tumor Drugs, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Owczarek K, Szczepańska N, Płotka-Wasylka J, Namieśnik J. New Achievements in the Field of Extraction of Trace Analytes from Samples Characterized by Complex Composition of the Matrix. GREEN CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9105-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Development of a simple and efficient method of harvesting and lysing adherent mammalian cells for chemical isotope labeling LC-MS-based cellular metabolomics. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1037:97-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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37
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Han J, Higgins R, Lim MD, Atkinson K, Yang J, Lin K, Borchers CH. Isotope-labeling derivatization with 3-nitrophenylhydrazine for LC/multiple-reaction monitoring-mass-spectrometry-based quantitation of carnitines in dried blood spots. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1037:177-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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38
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Xiao HM, Cai WJ, Ye TT, Ding J, Feng YQ. Spatio-temporal profiling of abscisic acid, indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid in single rice seed during seed germination. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1031:119-127. [PMID: 30119729 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA), indoleacetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are plant hormones that were reported to play indispensable roles during seed germination. However, the interactions between these plant hormones during rice seed germination have still not been explored clearly. A sensitive method for determination of these plant hormones would be beneficial for the exploration of such interactions. Herein, we present a liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the quantification of ABA, IAA and JA in a single tissue of rice seed to investigate the spatio-temporal distribution of these plant hormones during rice seed germination. To this end, an in silico strategy was developed in order to select a derivatization reagent with an ideal sensitivity of MS detection. This strategy was confirmed with experimental studies on three reagents N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC), N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (DMED), and N-(acridin-9-yl)-2-bromoacetamide (AYBA) and their formic acid derivatives. Our results from the in silico and LC-MS experiments show that AYBA is a good derivatization reagent for ABA, IAA and JA due to its reasonable ionization efficiency in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and excellent hydrophobicity. Finally, a sensitive LC-MS method upon AYBA was established for the determination of ABA, IAA and JA in germinated seeds. Good linearities for ABA, IAA, and JA were obtained with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.14-0.16 pg mL-1. The method exhibits good precisions with RSD 1.5%-13.8% (intra-day) and 1.2%-7.3% (inter-day) and acceptable recoveries (88.6%-102.9%, n = 6). Finally, the method was successfully employed in the spatio-temporal profiling of ABA, IAA and JA in a single tissue of rice seed during rice seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tian-Tian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Ding J, Xiao HM, Liu S, Wang C, Liu X, Feng YQ. A matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy method for the analysis of small molecules by integrating chemical labeling with the supramolecular chemistry of cucurbituril. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1026:77-86. [PMID: 29852996 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although several methods have realized the analysis of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) by overcoming the problem of interference with MS signals in the low mass region derived from conventional organic matrices, this emerging field still requires strategies to address the issue of analyzing complex samples containing LMW components in addition to the LMW compounds of interest, and solve the problem of lack of universality. The present study proposes an integrated strategy that combines chemical labeling with the supramolecular chemistry of cucurbit [n]uril (CB [n]) for the MALDI MS analysis of LMW compounds in complex samples. In this strategy, the target LMW compounds are first labeled by introducing a series of bifunctional reagents that selectively react with the target analytes and also form stable inclusion complexes with CB [n]. Then, the labeled products act as guest molecules that readily and selectively form stable inclusion complexes with CB [n]. This strategy relocates the MS signals of the LMW compounds of interest from the low mass region suffering high interference to the high mass region where interference with low mass components is absent. Experimental results demonstrate that a wide range of LMW compounds, including carboxylic acids, aldehydes, amines, thiol, and cis-diols, can be successfully detected using the proposed strategy, and the limits of detection were in the range of 0.01-1.76 nmol/mL. In addition, the high selectivity of the labeling reagents for the target analytes in conjunction with the high selectivity of the binding between the labeled products and CB [n] ensures an absence of signal interference with the non-targeted LMW components of complex samples. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed strategy for complex sample analysis is demonstrated by the accurate and rapid quantitative analysis of aldehydes in saliva and herbal medicines. As such, this work not only provides an alternative method for the detection of various LMW compounds using MALDI MS, but also can be applied to the selective and high-throughput analysis of LMW analytes in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hua-Ming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Simin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Luo YB, Pang YQ, Jiang XY, Li XY, Zhang HF, Hu SD, Zhu FP, Feng YQ. Solid-phase extraction of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines with a mixed-mode hydrophobic/cation-exchange sorbent. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201700049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Luo
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Yong-Qiang Pang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Xing-Yi Jiang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Hong-Fei Zhang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Shao-Dong Hu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Feng-Peng Zhu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center; Zhengzhou China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
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41
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Luo XT, Cai BD, Yu L, Ding J, Feng YQ. Sensitive determination of brassinosteroids by solid phase boronate affinity labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Cao L, Zhang H, Zhang H, Yang L, Wu M, Zhou P, Huang Q. Determination of Propionylbrassinolide and Its Impurities by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Evaporative Light Scattering Detection. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030531. [PMID: 29495470 PMCID: PMC6017011 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of brassinolide in 1979, a milestone in brassinosteroids research, has sparked great interest of brassinolide analogs (BLs) in agricultural applications. Among these BLs, propionylbrassinolide has captured considerable attention because it shows plant growth regulating activity with an excellent durability. Two impurities of propionylbrassinolide were isolated and purified by semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the chemical structures were confirmed. For simultaneous separation and determination of propionylbrassinolide and impurities, an efficient analytical method based on HPLC with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) was developed. The optimized analysis was performed on a C18 reversed phase column (250 mm × 4.60 mm, 5 μm) with isocratic elution of acetonitrile and water (90:10, v/v) as the mobile phase. The drift tube temperature of the ELSD system was set to 50 °C and the auxiliary gas pressure was 150 kPa. The regression equations demonstrated a good linear relationship (R² = 0.9989-0.9999) within the test ranges. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) for propionylbrassinolide, impurity 1 and 2 were 1.3, 1.2, 1,3 and 4.3, 4.0, 4.2 mg/L, respectively. The fully validated HPLC-ELSD method was readily applied to quantify the active ingredient and impurities in propionylbrassinolide technical concentrate. Moreover, the optimized separation conditions with ELSD have been successfully transferred to mass spectrometry (MS) detector for LC-MS determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Maizidian Street, Beijing 110000, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Puguo Zhou
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Maizidian Street, Beijing 110000, China.
| | - Qiliang Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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Suh JH, Han SB, Wang Y. Development of an improved sample preparation platform for acidic endogenous hormones in plant tissues using electromembrane extraction. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1535:1-8. [PMID: 29306633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite their importance in pivotal signaling pathways due to trace quantities and complex matrices, the analysis of plant hormones is a challenge. Here, to improve this issue, we present an electromembrane extraction technology combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of acidic plant hormones including jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, gibberellic acid and gibberellin A4 in plant tissues. Factors influencing extraction efficiency, such as voltage, extraction time and stirring rate were optimized using a design of experiments. Analytical performance was evaluated in terms of specificity, linearity, limit of quantification, precision, accuracy, recovery and repeatability. The results showed good linearity (r2 > 0.995), precision and acceptable accuracy. The limit of quantification ranged from 0.1 to 10 ng mL-1, and the recoveries were 34.6-50.3%. The developed method was applied in citrus leaf samples, showing better clean-up efficiency, as well as higher sensitivity compared to a previous method using liquid-liquid extraction. Organic solvent consumption was minimized during the process, making it an appealing method. More noteworthy, electromembrane extraction has been scarcely applied to plant tissues, and this is the first time that major plant hormones were extracted using this technology, with high sensitivity and selectivity. Taken together, this work gives not only a novel sample preparation platform using an electric field for plant hormones, but also a good example of extracting complex plant tissues in a simple and effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Hyuk Suh
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Sang Beom Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA.
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Pursuing extreme sensitivity for determination of endogenous brassinosteroids through direct fishing from plant matrices and eliminating most interferences with boronate affinity magnetic nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:1363-1374. [PMID: 29238862 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0777-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are important plant hormones regulating plant growth and development. High-performance analytical methods for quantifying endogenous BRs are important for studying the molecular mechanisms of BR action. Herein we developed a high-performance sample pretreatment method based on boronate affinity magnetic nanoparticles (BAMNPs). The high specificity of boronate affinity enables direct fishing of BRs from plant matrices. The strong binding energy makes it possible to remove most contaminants in plant matrices with a small loss of target BRs. Besides these advantages, the novel two-step oxidation-hydrolysis elution system raised BR recoveries to 70.5%-98.2%, which was much higher than other boronate affinity applications. The high cleanliness of the final eluents lowered the matrix effects to 85.2%-92.4%. As a result, this method enables simultaneously good recoveries of endogenous BRs and thorough removal of matrix interferences, which greatly improves the sensitivity of BR analysis and reduces the use of plant materials for routine analysis to <10 mg. In addition, the sample handling time can be shortened to <3 h due to the operating convenience of BAMNPs and their easy separation from plant powders. Based on these advantages of BAMNP solid phase extraction, the organ-specific BR distribution analysis in Arabidopsis and rice tissues demonstrates excellent sensitivity, good reproducibility and high throughput of the method. Graphical abstract A high-sensitivity and time-saving UPLC-MS/MS-based quantification method for brassinosteroids (BRs) was developed through directly fishing BRs from plant matrices and eliminating most matrix interferences with as-prepared boronate affinity magnetic nanoparticles (BAMNPs).
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Luo X, Li L. Metabolomics of Small Numbers of Cells: Metabolomic Profiling of 100, 1000, and 10000 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11664-11671. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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46
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Yu L, Ye T, Bai YL, Cai WJ, Ding J, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. Profiling of potential brassinosteroids in different tissues of rape flower by stable isotope labeling - liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 1037:55-62. [PMID: 30292315 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play crucial roles in a variety of physiological processes in plants. The full elucidation of the functions of RBs relies on sensitive detection and accurate measurement of BRs in plants. However, the identification and quantification of BRs are challenging due to their low abundance as well as poor ionization efficiencies during mass spectrometry-based analysis. Herein, we developed a highly sensitive and selective strategy for profiling potential BRs in plants by stable isotope labeling liquid chromatography multiple reaction monitoring scan mass spectrometry (SIL-LC-MRM-MS) analysis. In the strategy, we used a pair of stable isotope labeling reagents 4-phenylaminomethyl-benzeneboronic acid (4-PAMBA) and d5-4-phenylaminomethyl-benzeneboronic acid (4-PAMBA-d5) that can react with C22-C23 cis-diol on BRs for profiling potential BRs in plant tissues. The 4-PAMBA and 4-PAMBA-d5 labeled BRs could generate two characteristic neutral loss under collision induced dissociation (CID), respectively, which is used to establish the MRM-based detection and screening. The precursor ions of BRs labeled with 4-PAMBA and 4-PAMBA-d5 were set according to the reported structures of BRs, and the corresponding product ions were predicted by subtracting the lost neutral loss. In this respect, corresponding precursor ions and product ions in MRM transitions are formed. The peak pairs with a fixed mass difference, similar retention times and intensities were assigned as potential BRs. Using the developed SIL-LC-MRM-MS strategy, we successfully found 13 potential BR in different tissues of rape flower. Taken together, the SIL-LC-MRM-MS analytical strategy is promising for profiling potential BRs as well as other compounds that have the same functional moiety from complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Tiantian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Bai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Bi-Feng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Chen D, Han W, Su X, Li L, Li L. Overcoming Sample Matrix Effect in Quantitative Blood Metabolomics Using Chemical Isotope Labeling Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9424-9431. [PMID: 28787119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Blood is widely used for discovery metabolomics to search for disease biomarkers. However, blood sample matrix can have a profound effect on metabolome analysis, which can impose an undesirable restriction on the type of blood collection tubes that can be used for blood metabolomics. We investigated the effect of blood sample matrix on metabolome analysis using a high-coverage and quantitative metabolome profiling technique based on differential chemical isotope labeling (CIL) LC-MS. We used 12C-/13C-dansylation LC-MS to perform relative quantification of the amine/phenol submetabolomes of four types of samples (i.e., serum, EDTA plasma, heparin plasma, and citrate plasma) collected from healthy individuals and compare their metabolomic results. From the analysis of 80 plasma and serum samples in experimental triplicate, we detected a total of 3651 metabolites with an average of 1818 metabolites per run (n = 240). The number of metabolites detected and the precision and accuracy of relative quantification were found to be independent of the sample type. Within each sample type, the metabolome data set could reveal biological variation (e.g., sex separation). Although the relative concentrations of some individual metabolites might be different in the four types of samples, for sex separation, all 66 significant metabolites with larger fold-changes (FC ≥ 2 and p < 0.05) found in at least one sample type could be found in the other types of samples with similar or somewhat reduced, but still significant, fold-changes. Our results indicate that CIL LC-MS could overcome the sample matrix effect, thereby greatly broadening the scope of blood metabolomics; any blood samples properly collected in routine clinical settings, including those in biobanks originally used for other purposes, can potentially be used for discovery metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deying Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Xiaoling Su
- State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
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Zheng L, Zhao XE, Zhu S, Tao Y, Ji W, Geng Y, Wang X, Chen G, You J. A new combined method of stable isotope-labeling derivatization-ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of neurotransmitters in rat brain microdialysates by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1054:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zhao S, Dawe M, Guo K, Li L. Development of High-Performance Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS for Profiling the Carbonyl Submetabolome. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6758-6765. [PMID: 28505421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites containing a carbonyl group represent several important classes of molecules including various forms of ketones and aldehydes such as steroids and sugars. We report a high-performance chemical isotope labeling (CIL) LC-MS method for profiling the carbonyl submetabolome with high coverage and high accuracy and precision of relative quantification. This method is based on the use of dansylhydrazine (DnsHz) labeling of carbonyl metabolites to change their chemical and physical properties to such an extent that the labeled metabolites can be efficiently separated by reversed phase LC and ionized by electrospray ionization MS. In the analysis of six standards representing different carbonyl classes, acetaldehyde could be ionized only after labeling and MS signals were significantly increased for other 5 standards with an enhancement factor ranging from ∼15-fold for androsterone to ∼940-fold for 2-butanone. Differential 12C- and 13C-DnsHz labeling was developed for quantifying metabolic differences in comparative samples where individual samples were separately labeled with 12C-labeling and spiked with a 13C-labeled pooled sample, followed by LC-MS analysis, peak pair picking, and peak intensity ratio measurement. In the replicate analysis of a 1:1 12C-/13C-labeled human urine mixture (n = 6), an average of 2030 ± 39 pairs per run were detected with 1737 pairs in common, indicating the possibility of detecting a large number of carbonyl metabolites as well as high reproducibility of peak pair detection. The average RSD of the peak pair ratios was 7.6%, and 95.6% of the pairs had a RSD value of less than 20%, demonstrating high precision for peak ratio measurement. In addition, the ratios of most peak pairs were close to the expected value of 1.0 (e.g., 95.5% of them had ratios of between 0.67 and 1.5), showing the high accuracy of the method. For metabolite identification, a library of DnsHz-labeled standards was constructed, including 78 carbonyl metabolites with each containing MS, retention time (RT), and MS/MS information. This library and an online search program for labeled carbonyl metabolite identification based on MS, RT, and MS/MS matches have been implemented in a freely available Website, www.mycompoundid.org . Using this library, out of the 1737 peak pairs detected in urine, 33 metabolites were positively identified. In addition, 1333 peak pairs could be matched to the metabolome databases with most of them belonging to the carbonyl metabolites. These results show that 12C-/13C-DnsHz labeling LC-MS is a useful tool for profiling the carbonyl submetabolome of complex samples with high coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Margot Dawe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Kevin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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Wang Q, Cai WJ, Yu L, Ding J, Feng YQ. Comprehensive Profiling of Phytohormones in Honey by Sequential Liquid-Liquid Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:575-585. [PMID: 28032995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Honey exhibits various nutritional and medicinal functions, which are highly related to the active components; thus, the exploration of new compounds in honey is of great importance. Because honey is a byproduct of flower nectar, which is rich in phytohormones, the existence of phytohormones in honey is anticipated. In this research, a method for comprehensive profiling of 49 phytohormones in honey was developed by sequential liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Good linearities for 49 phytohormones were obtained with correlation coefficients (R) larger than 0.9913. The limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.2-628.2 pg/mL. Satisfied reproducibility and reliability were achieved by evaluation of the intra- and interday precisions with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 15.8% and relative recoveries ranging from 80.4 to 123.7%. The method was further applied to analyze the phytohormones in 14 monofloral raw honey samples and 3 commercial honey samples. The existence of 34 phytohormones was confirmed, including 14 cytokinins (CKs), 8 gibberellins (GAs), 5 brassinosteroids (BRs), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonoyl-leucine (JA-Leu), and jasmonoyl-phenylalanine (JA-Phe). In addition, the content and species of phytohormones varies in different kinds of honey. The study is beneficial to fully illustrate the phytohormone profile of honey and contributive to elucidate the mechanism of its nutritional and medicinal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
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