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Qiu ZD, Wei XY, Chen ZY, Guo J, Huang LQ, Lai CJS. Discovery of the directionally detoxification effect and chemical mechanism of Ginseng-Fuzi co-decoction based on real-time online filtration electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154059. [PMID: 35338992 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The synergic action of compound prescriptions is an important feature and core advantage of traditional medicine. Ginseng-Fuzi decoction is a classic compatible phytomedicine in China, of which Ginseng can effectively reduce the toxicity of Fuzi in clinical, but the detoxification chemical mechanism is still unclear. PURPOSE Develop a novel method for real-time tracking and monitoring of complex substances in the decoction system of traditional Chinese medicine to uncover the detoxification effect Ginseng on Fuzi and explore the possible chemical reaction mechanism of Ginseng-Fuzi co-decoction. METHODS A novel real-time monitoring system, online filtration electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, was developed for extremely complex substances analysis in the decoction of traditional medicine compounds to uncover the directionally detoxification effect and the mechanism of compatibility interaction. RESULTS Nine key alkaloids and 7 ginsenosides in Ginseng-Fuzi decoction were simultaneously in-situ monitoring in positive ion mode or negative ion mode respectively. Both types of targeted analytes had satisfactory MS signal response for real-time qualitative and quantitative analysis with high precision (RSD < 14.04%) and low LLODs (0.002 ng/ml-10 ng/ml). Through long-term tracking analysis, the exact detoxification and synergistic effect of Ginseng-Fuzi decoction were confirmed as the concentration of main toxic alkaloids decreased (e.g. the content of mesaconitine has been reduced by about 38%) and the main active monoester alkaloids increased obviously. More importantly, the possible molecular mechanism of the detoxification effect of Ginseng compatibility was revealed for the first time, which was the nucleophilic substitution reaction of diester alkaloids catalyzed by fatty acids. CONCLUSION This study revealed the exact effect of co-decoction of Ginseng and Fuzi at the molecular level and the chemical reaction mechanism of fatty acid-catalyzed degradation of toxic diester-type alkaloids. The comprehensive multi-component real-time monitoring strategy for complex traditional medicine compounds developed and implemented here has important demonstration significance for revealing the scientific connotation of the compatibility of compound traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Dong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Xu-Ya Wei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Ze-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
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Qiu ZD, Zhang X, Wei XY, Chingin K, Xu JQ, Gao W, Yang B, Wang SL, Tan T, Liu EH, Xu HY, Cui GH, Guo J, Wang YN, Shen Y, Zhao YJ, Chen HW, Lai CJS, Huang LQ. Online discovery of the molecular mechanism for directionally detoxification of Fuzi using real-time extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 277:114216. [PMID: 34044076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux, a famous traditional medicinal herb for collapse, rheumatic fever, and painful joints, always raises global concerns about its fatal toxicity from toxic alkaloids when improperly processed. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the internal molecular mechanism of processing detoxification on Aconitum and develop simple and reliable approaches for clinical application, which is also of great significance to the rational medicinal use of Aconitum. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed at developing a complete molecular mechanism exploration strategy in complex medicinal herb decocting system, clarifying the internal molecular mechanism of processing detoxification on Aconitum, and exploring valid approaches for detoxification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) was selected as the model for exploring the complex Aconitum detoxification mechanism using an advanced online real-time platform based on extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The methods realized the sensitive capture of dynamic trace intermediates, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis, and real-time and long-term monitoring of multi-components with satisfactory accuracy and resistance to complex matrices. RESULTS Components in the complex Aconitum decocting system were real-timely characterized and fat meat was discovered and verified to directionally detoxify Aconitum while reserving the therapy effect. More importantly, the dynamic detoxification mechanism in the chemically complex Aconitum decoction was molecularly profiled. A novel reaction pathway based on nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism was proposed. As confirmed by the theoretic calculations at DFT B3LYP/6-31G (d) levels, fatty acids (e.g., palmitic acid) acted as a green, cheap, and high-performance catalyst and promote the decomposition of toxic diester alkaloids to non-toxic and active benzoyl-monoester alkaloids through the discovered mechanism. CONCLUSION The study exposed a novel detoxification molecular mechanism of Aconitum and provided an effective method for the safe use of Aconitum, which could effectively guide the development of traditional processing technology and compatibility regulation of the toxic herb and had great value to the modernization and standardization development of traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Dong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Xu-Ya Wei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Konstantin Chingin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Jia-Quan Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Shuang-Long Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Ting Tan
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Hai-Yu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Guang-Hong Cui
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Ye Shen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Huan-Wen Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR China.
| | - Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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Lu H, Zhang H, Zhou W, Chen H. Evaluation of the phytotoxicity of nano-particles on mung beans by internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2021; 146:5675-5681. [PMID: 34388232 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00871d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The wide application of nano-particles (NPs) has raised a serious concern over their impact on plants. However, evaluation of the effects of NPs on plant metabolism by direct detection of chemicals inside solid tissues presents a challenge. In this study, we report on a direct ionization method in mass spectrometry, internal extractive electrospray ionization (iEESI), for the direct evaluation of phytotoxicity of three different NPs (including CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs), gold nano-particles (Au NPs), and silver nano-particles (Ag NPs)) both on surfaces and inside solid tissues from the mung bean seeds (Vigna radiata) that were cultured in aqueous solutions of three NPs at 50 μg mL-1. The results showed that NPs could stimulate the biological accumulation of trigonelline and the decomposition of polysaccharides/oligosaccharides to glucose and maltose within 21 h of culture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS) for the direct measurement of solid tissue samples to evaluate the phytotoxicity of NPs on mung bean sprouts. Our study lays a solid foundation for further examination of other NPs-induced damaging effects such as apoptosis/necrosis, helping us to understand the phytotoxicity of NPs on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China.
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Lu H, Zhang H, Wei Y, Chen H. Ambient mass spectrometry for the molecular diagnosis of lung cancer. Analyst 2020; 145:313-320. [PMID: 31872201 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Among the technologies suitable for the rapid and accurate molecular diagnosis of lung cancer, ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has gained increasing interest as it allows the direct profiling of molecular information from various biological samples (e.g., tissue, serum, urine and sputum) in real-time and with minimal or no sample pretreatment. This minireview summarizes the applications of AMS in lung cancer studies (including tissue molecular identification, the discovery of potential biomarkers, and surgical margin assessment), and discusses the challenges and perspectives of AMS in the clinical precision molecular diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Yu M, Dolios G, Yong-Gonzalez V, Björkqvist O, Colicino E, Halfvarson J, Petrick L. Untargeted metabolomics profiling and hemoglobin normalization for archived newborn dried blood spots from a refrigerated biorepository. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113574. [PMID: 32896810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Archived dried blood spots (DBS) following newborn screening are an attractive resource for interrogating early-life biology using untargeted metabolomics. Therefore, they have the potential to substantially aid etiological studies, particularly for rare and low-frequency childhood diseases and disorders. However, metabolite quantification in DBS is hindered by variation sources not present in serum and plasma samples such as the hematocrit effect and unknown initial blood volumes. Hemoglobin (Hb) is an appropriate correlate for hematocrit in experimentally-generated DBS punches. However, since many biorepositories worldwide archive DBS at 4-5 °C, there is a need to validate the utility of Hb for DBS archived under refrigeration. We evaluated two simple spectroscopic methods for measuring Hb in DBS stored at 4 +/- 2 °C for up to 21 years, obtained from the newborn screening program at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Spearman correlation analysis and Akaike Information Criterion model selection found that measurement of a Hb sodium lauryl sulfate complex at 540 nm better described nuisance variation than Hb measured at 404 nm, or using age of spot alone. This is the first study to profile metabolites and to propose a normalization factor for metabolite measurements from DBS archived for decades at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Georgia Dolios
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Vladimir Yong-Gonzalez
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Olle Björkqvist
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States; The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Jonas Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lauren Petrick
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States; The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, 10029, United States.
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Qiu ZD, Chen JL, Zeng W, Ma Y, Chen T, Tang JF, Lai CJS, Huang LQ. Real-time toxicity prediction of Aconitum stewing system using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:903-912. [PMID: 32528836 PMCID: PMC7276682 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to numerous obstacles such as complex matrices, real-time monitoring of complex reaction systems (e.g., medicinal herb stewing system) has always been a challenge though great values for safe and rational use of drugs. Herein, facilitated by the potential ability on the tolerance of complex matrices of extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, a device was established to realize continuous sampling and real-time quantitative analysis of herb stewing system for the first time. A complete analytical strategy, including data acquisition, data mining, and data evaluation was proposed and implemented with overcoming the usual difficulties in real-time mass spectrometry quantification. The complex Fuzi (the lateral root of Aconitum)–meat stewing systems were real-timely monitored in 150 min by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the nine key alkaloids accurately. The results showed that the strategy worked perfectly and the toxicity of the systems were evaluated and predicated accordingly. Stewing with trotters effectively accelerated the detoxification of Fuzi soup and reduced the overall toxicity to 68%, which was recommended to be used practically for treating rheumatic arthritis and enhancing immunity. The established strategy was versatile, simple, and accurate, which would have a wide application prospect in real-time analysis and evaluation of various complex reaction systems.
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Shen S, Zhang H, Huang K, Chen H, Shen W, Fang X. Differentiation of cultivation areas and crop years of milled rice using single grain mass spectrometry. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02740d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A method for the rapid detection of fatty acids in single rice grain would make the evaluation of rice quality easier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Keke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Huanwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Shen
- Jiangxi Institute of Analysis and Testing
- Nanchang 330029
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Fang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
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Xu J, Xu S, Xiao Y, Chingin K, Lu H, Yan R, Chen H. Quantitative Determination of Bulk Molecular Concentrations of β-Agonists in Pork Tissue Samples by Direct Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11252-11258. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
| | - Shengrui Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
| | - Yipo Xiao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
| | - Konstantin Chingin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
| | - Runhan Yan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory
for
Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, P. R. China, 330013
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