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Sazaklioglu SA, Torul H, Tamer U, Ensarioglu HK, Vatansever HS, Gumus BH, Çelikkan H. Sensitive and reliable lab-on-paper biosensor for label-free detection of exosomes by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:617. [PMID: 39316098 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
A new, sensitive, and cost-effective lab-on-paper-based immunosensor was designed based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the detection of exosomes. EIS was selected as the determination method since there was a surface blockage in electron transfer by binding the exosomes to the transducer. Briefly, the carbon working electrode (WE) on the paper electrode (PE) was modified with gold particles (AuPs@PE) and then conjugated with anti-CD9 (Anti-CD9/AuPs@PE) for the detection of exosomes. Variables involved in the biosensor design were optimized with the univariate mode. The developed method presents the limit of detection of 8.7 × 102 exosomes mL-1, which is lower than that of many other available methods under the best conditions. The biosensor was also tested with urine samples from cancer patients with high recoveries. Due to this a unique, low-cost, biodegradable technology is presented that can directly measure exosomes without labeling them for early cancer or metastasis detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Akay Sazaklioglu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara Medipol University, 06050, Ankara, Turkey
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilal Torul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Uğur Tamer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
- METU MEMS Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kabadayi Ensarioglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45200, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Hafize Seda Vatansever
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45200, Manisa, Turkey
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Bilal H Gumus
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45200, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Çelikkan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
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2
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Dilsiz N. A comprehensive review on recent advances in exosome isolation and characterization: Toward clinical applications. Transl Oncol 2024; 50:102121. [PMID: 39278189 PMCID: PMC11418158 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small, round vesicles in the 30 and 120 nm diameter range released by all living cell types. Exosomes play many essential functions in intercellular communication and tissue crosstalk in the human body. They can potentially be used as strong biomarkers and therapeutic agents for early diagnosis, therapy response, and prognosis of different diseases. The main requirements for exosomal large-scale clinical practice application are rapid, easy, high-yield, high purity, characterization, safety, low cost, and therapeutic efficacy. Depending on the sample types, environmental insults, and exosome quantity, exosomes can be isolated from various sources, including body fluids, solid tissues, and cell culture medium using different procedures. This study comprehensively analyzed the current research progress in exosome isolation and characterization strategies along with their advantages and disadvantages. The provided information will make it easier to select exosome separation methods based on the types of biological samples available, and it will facilitate the use of exosomes in translational and clinical research, particularly in cancer. Lay abstract Exosomes have recently received much attention due to their potential to function as biomarkers and novel therapeutic agents for early diagnosis, therapeutic response, and prognosis in various diseases. This review summarizes many approaches for isolating and characterizing exosomes, focusing on developing technologies, and provides an in-depth comparison and analysis of each method, including its principles, advantages, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihat Dilsiz
- Experimental Medicine Application and Research Center (EMARC) Validebag Research Park, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
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3
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Chavan SG, Rathod PR, Koyappayil A, Hwang S, Lee MH. Recent advances of electrochemical and optical point-of-care biosensors for detecting neurotransmitter serotonin biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 267:116743. [PMID: 39270361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1984, the monoamine serotonin (5-HT) has been recognized for its critical role as a neuromodulator in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Recent research reveals that serotonin also significantly influences various neuronal activities. Historically, it was believed that peripheral serotonin, produced by tryptophan hydroxylase in intestinal cells, functioned primarily as a hormone. However, new insights have expanded its known roles, necessitating advanced detection methods. Biosensors have emerged as indispensable tools in biomedical diagnostics, enabling the rapid and minimally invasive detection of target analytes with high spatial and temporal resolution. This review summarizes the progress made in the past decade in developing optical and electrochemical biosensors for serotonin detection. We evaluate various sensing strategies that optimize performance in terms of detection limits, sensitivity, and specificity. The study also explores recent innovations in biosensing technologies utilizing surface-modified electrodes with nanomaterials, including gold, graphite, carbon nanotubes, and metal oxide particles. Applications range from in vivo studies to chemical imaging and diagnostics, highlighting future prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Ganpat Chavan
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Pooja Ramrao Rathod
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Aneesh Koyappayil
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Seowoo Hwang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heuseok-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
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4
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Wang B, Zhang L, Liang G, Meng L, Xu Y, Li H, Song Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Guo C, Guan T, He Y. Realization of high-performance biosensor through sandwich analysis utilizing weak value amplification. Talanta 2024; 277:126302. [PMID: 38830277 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A label-free optical sandwich immunoassay sensor, utilizing weak value amplification and total internal reflection, was devised for real-time, high-sensitivity analysis and detection of low-concentration targets. 3D printed channels and sodium chloride solution were employed to ensure reproducibility, reliability, and stability of the measurements for calibration. The sandwich structure demonstrated enhanced responsiveness in the proposed optical biosensor through a comparative analysis of the direct assay and sandwich assay for detecting alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) at the same concentration. By optimizing the binding sequences of the coating antibody, target, and detection antibody in the sandwich method, a more suitable sandwich sensing approach based on weak value amplification was achieved. With this approach, the limit of detection (LOD) of 6.29 ng/mL (pM level) for AFP in PBS solution was achieved. AFP testing and regeneration experiments in human serum have proved the feasibility of our methods in detecting complex samples and the reusability of sensing chips. Additionally, the method demonstrated excellent selectivity for unpaired antigens. The efficacy of this methodology was evaluated by simultaneously detecting AFP, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CA15-3 on a singular sensor chip. In conclusion, the label-free sandwich immunoassay sensing scheme holds promise for advancing the proposed optical sensors based on weak value amplification in early diagnosis and prevention applications. Compared to other biomarker detection methods, it will be easier to promote in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wang
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lizhong Zhang
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Gengyu Liang
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lingqin Meng
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zishuo Song
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhangyan Li
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Cuixia Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Tian Guan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yonghong He
- Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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5
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Talebian Gevari M, Sahu SS, Stridfeldt F, Hååg P, De Petris L, Viktorsson K, Lewensohn R, Gori A, Cretich M, Dev A. Design and Optimization of a Silicon-Based Electrokinetic Microchip for Sensitive Detection of Small Extracellular Vesicles. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2935-2945. [PMID: 38848141 PMCID: PMC11217933 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Detection of analytes using streaming current has previously been explored using both experimental approaches and theoretical analyses of such data. However, further developments are needed for establishing a viable microchip that can be exploited to deliver a sensitive, robust, and scalable biosensor device. In this study, we demonstrated the fabrication of such a device on silicon wafer using a scalable silicon microfabrication technology followed by characterization and optimization of this sensor for detection of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with sizes in the range of 30 to 200 nm, as determined by nanoparticle tracking analyses. We showed that the sensitivity of the devices, assessed by a common protein-ligand pair and sEVs, significantly outperforms previous approaches using the same principle. Two versions of the microchips, denoted as enclosed and removable-top microchips, were developed and compared, aiming to discern the importance of high-pressure measurement versus easier and better surface preparation capacity. A custom-built chip manifold allowing easy interfacing with standard microfluidic connections was also constructed. By investigating different electrical, fluidic, morphological, and fluorescence measurements, we show that while the enclosed microchip with its robust glass-silicon bonding can withstand higher pressure and thus generate higher streaming current, the removable-top configuration offers several practical benefits, including easy surface preparation, uniform probe conjugation, and improvement in the limit of detection (LoD). We further compared two common surface functionalization strategies and showed that the developed microchip can achieve both high sensitivity for membrane protein profiling and low LoD for detection of sEV detection. At the optimum working condition, we demonstrated that the microchip could detect sEVs reaching an LoD of 104 sEVs/mL (when captured by membrane-sensing peptide (MSP) probes), which is among the lowest in the so far reported microchip-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Talebian Gevari
- Division
of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, 75 121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Siddharth Sourabh Sahu
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Stridfeldt
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Hååg
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Luigi De Petris
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
- Theme
Cancer, Medical Unit Head and Neck, Lung, and Skin Tumors, Thoracic
Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Kristina Viktorsson
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Rolf Lewensohn
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
- Theme
Cancer, Medical Unit Head and Neck, Lung, and Skin Tumors, Thoracic
Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Solna, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze
e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Cretich
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze
e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Apurba Dev
- Division
of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, 75 121 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Xia N, Gao F, Zhang J, Wang J, Huang Y. Overview on the Development of Electrochemical Immunosensors by the Signal Amplification of Enzyme- or Nanozyme-Based Catalysis Plus Redox Cycling. Molecules 2024; 29:2796. [PMID: 38930860 PMCID: PMC11206384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-linked electrochemical immunosensors have attracted considerable attention for the sensitive and selective detection of various targets in clinical diagnosis, food quality control, and environmental analysis. In order to improve the performances of conventional immunoassays, significant efforts have been made to couple enzyme-linked or nanozyme-based catalysis and redox cycling for signal amplification. The current review summarizes the recent advances in the development of enzyme- or nanozyme-based electrochemical immunosensors with redox cycling for signal amplification. The special features of redox cycling reactions and their synergistic functions in signal amplification are discussed. Additionally, the current challenges and future directions of enzyme- or nanozyme-based electrochemical immunosensors with redox cycling are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Fengli Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yaliang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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7
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Li Y, Qian M, Liu Y, Qiu X. APPROACH: Sensitive Detection of Exosomal Biomarkers by Aptamer-Mediated Proximity Ligation Assay and Time-Resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:233. [PMID: 38785707 PMCID: PMC11117858 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Exosomal biomarker detection holds great importance in the field of in vitro diagnostics, offering a non-invasive and highly sensitive approach for early disease detection and personalized treatment. Here, we proposed an "APPROACH" strategy, combining aptamer-mediated proximity ligation assay (PLA) with rolling circle amplification (RCA) and time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) for the sensitive and semi-homogenous detection of exosomal biomarkers. PLA probes consisted of a cholesterol-conjugated oligonucleotide, which anchored to the membrane of an exosome, and a specific aptamer oligonucleotide that recognized a target protein of the exosome; the proximal binding of pairs of PLA probes to the same exosome positioned the oligonucleotides in the vicinity of each other, guiding the hybridization and ligation of two subsequently added backbone and connector oligonucleotides to form a circular DNA molecule. Circular DNA formed from PLA underwent rolling circle amplification (RCA) for signal amplification, and the resulting RCA products were subsequently quantified by TR-FRET. The limits of detection provided by APPROACH for the exosomal biomarkers CD63, PD-L1, and HER2 were 0.46 ng∙μL-1, 0.77 ng∙μL-1, and 1.1 ng∙μL-1, respectively, demonstrating excellent analytical performance with high sensitivity and quantification accuracy. Furthermore, the strategy afforded sensitive detection of exosomal CD63 with a LOD of 1.56 ng∙μL-1 in complex biological matrices, which underscored its anti-interference capability and potential for in vitro detection. The proposed strategy demonstrates wide-ranging applicability in quantifying diverse exosomal biomarkers while exhibiting robust analytical characteristics, including high sensitivity and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drug, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.)
| | - Meiqi Qian
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drug, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.)
| | | | - Xue Qiu
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Drug, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.)
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8
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Zhao J, Guan X, Zhang S, Sha Z, Sun S. Weak Value Amplification-Based Biochip for Highly Sensitive Detection and Identification of Breast Cancer Exosomes. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:198. [PMID: 38667191 PMCID: PMC11048322 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes constitute an emerging biomarker for cancer diagnosis because they carry multiple proteins that reflect the origins of the parent cell. The highly sensitive detection of exosomes is a crucial prerequisite for the diagnosis of cancer. In this study, we report an exosome detection system based on quantum weak value amplification (WVA). The WVA detection system consists of a reflection detection light path and a Zr-ionized biochip. Zr-ionized biochips effectively capture exosomes through the specific interaction between zirconium dioxide and the phosphate groups on the lipid bilayer of exosomes. Aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are then used to specifically recognize proteins on exosomes to enhance the detection signal. The sensitivity and resolution of the detection system are 2944.07 nm/RIU and 1.22 × 10-5 RIU, respectively. The concentration of exosomes can be directly quantified by the WVA system, ranging from 105-107 particles/mL with the detection limit of 3 × 104 particles/mL. The use of Au NPs-EpCAM for the specific enhancement of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 exosomes is demonstrated. The results indicate that the WVA detection system can be a promising candidate for the detection of exosomes as tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Zhao
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Healthcare Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Z.)
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaotian Guan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Healthcare Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Sihao Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Healthcare Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Zhou Sha
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Healthcare Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Shuqing Sun
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Healthcare Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (J.Z.)
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9
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Ghorbani R, Hosseinzadeh S, Azari A, Taghipour N, Soleimani M, Rahimpour A, Abbaszadeh HA. The Current Status and Future Direction of Extracellular Nano-vesicles in the Alleviation of Skin Disorders. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:351-366. [PMID: 37073662 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230418121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from endocytic membranes. The transfer of biomolecules and biological compounds such as enzymes, proteins, RNA, lipids, and cellular waste disposal through exosomes plays an essential function in cell-cell communication and regulation of pathological and physiological processes in skin disease. The skin is one of the vital organs that makes up about 8% of the total body mass. This organ consists of three layers, epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis that cover the outer surface of the body. Heterogeneity and endogeneity of exosomes is an advantage that distinguishes them from nanoparticles and liposomes and leads to their widespread usage in the remedy of dermal diseases. The biocompatible nature of these extracellular vesicles has attracted the attention of many health researchers. In this review article, we will first discuss the biogenesis of exosomes, their contents, separation methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of exosomes. Then we will highlight recent developments related to the therapeutic applications of exosomes in the treatment of common skin disorders like atopic dermatitis, alopecia, epidermolysis bullosa, keloid, melanoma, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Ghorbani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezo Azari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taghipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahimpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Irani K, Siampour H, Allahverdi A, Moshaii A, Naderi-Manesh H. Lung Cancer Cell-Derived Exosome Detection Using Electrochemical Approach towards Early Cancer Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17225. [PMID: 38139054 PMCID: PMC10743818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide due to the inability of existing methods for early diagnosis. Tumor-derived exosomes are nano-scale vesicles released from tumor cells to the extracellular environment, and their investigation can be very useful in both biomarkers for early cancer screening and treatment assessment. This research detected the exosomes via an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor containing gold nano-islands (Au-NIs) structures. This way, a high surface-area-to-volume ratio of nanostructures was embellished on the FTO electrodes to increase the chance of immobilizing the CD-151 antibody. In this way, a layer of gold was first deposited on the electrode by physical vapor deposition (PVD), followed by thermal annealing to construct primary gold seeds on the surface of the electrode. Then, gold seeds were grown by electrochemical deposition through gold salt. The cell-derived exosomes were successfully immobilized on the FTO electrode through the CD-151 antibody, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods were used in this research. In the CV method, the change in the current passing through the working electrode is measured so that the connection of exosomes causes the current to decrease. In the EIS method, surface resistance changes were investigated so that the binding of exosomes increased the surface resistance. Various concentrations of exosomes in both cell culture and blood serum samples were measured to test the sensitivity of the biosensor, which makes our biosensor capable of detecting 20 exosomes per milliliter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koosha Irani
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-154, Iran; (K.I.); (H.N.-M.)
| | - Hossein Siampour
- Biosensor Research Center (BRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan P.O. Box 81746-73461, Iran;
| | - Abdollah Allahverdi
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-154, Iran; (K.I.); (H.N.-M.)
| | - Ahmad Moshaii
- Department of Physics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-175, Iran;
| | - Hossein Naderi-Manesh
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-154, Iran; (K.I.); (H.N.-M.)
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11
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Lin SP, Lee WJ, Sun MC, Yang YH, Vinzons LU, Lin YM, Wei YT. Nano-Brush Structure for Rapid Label-Free Differentiation of Alzheimer's Disease Stages and Direct Capture of Neuron-Derived Exosomes from Human Blood Plasma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:56478-56489. [PMID: 37994569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of the neurofilament light chain (NFL) in human blood plasma/serum is a promising liquid biopsy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, offering advantages over conventional neuroimaging techniques recommended in clinical guidelines. Here, a controllable nano-brush structure comprising upstanding silicon nanowires coated with indium tin oxide was employed as the sensing substrate. This nano-brush structure was modified with an NFL antibody (NFLAb) via silane coupling and then further connected as the extended gate in a field-effect transistor (EGFET). Notable signal differences emerged within a 2 min timeframe, enabling the label-free differentiation in human blood plasmas among four distinct cohorts: healthy controls, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia due to AD. Our study indicates that achieving a surface roughness exceeding 400 nm on the modified nano-brush structure enables the effective electrical sensing in our EGFETs. These distinct electrical responses measured via the NFLAb-modified nano-brush EGFETs can be attributed to the combined effects of the captured NFLs and NFL-specific neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) found in dementia patients, as confirmed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the potential of quantitatively detecting NDEs on the NFLAb-modified nano-brush structure was demonstrated using spiked solutions containing NFL-specific NDEs from IMR-32 neuroblast cells, wherein concentration-dependent changes were observed in the EGFETs output signal. Our findings show that the NFLAb-modified nano-brush EGFET enables rapid, label-free differentiation between healthy individuals and patients at varying stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
- Dementia Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
- Faculty of Medicine and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan 112304, Republic of China
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
| | - Man-Cheng Sun
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hsiu Yang
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
- Dementia Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 40705, Republic of China
| | - Lester Uy Vinzons
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Mei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
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12
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Shuai Y, Ma Z, Ju J, Wei T, Gao S, Kang Y, Yang Z, Wang X, Yue J, Yuan P. Liquid-based biomarkers in breast cancer: looking beyond the blood. J Transl Med 2023; 21:809. [PMID: 37957623 PMCID: PMC10644618 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, using circulating tumor cell (CTC), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), exosomes and etc. as liquid biomarkers has received enormous attention in various tumors, including breast cancer (BC). To date, efforts in the area of liquid biopsy predominantly focus on the analysis of blood-based markers. It is worth noting that the identifications of markers from non-blood sources provide unique advantages beyond the blood and these alternative sources may be of great significance in offering supplementary information in certain settings. Here, we outline the latest advances in the analysis of non-blood biomarkers, predominantly including urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, pleural fluid, stool and etc. The unique advantages of such testings, their current limitations and the appropriate use of non-blood assays and blood assays in different settings are further discussed. Finally, we propose to highlight the challenges of these alternative assays from basic to clinical implementation and explore the areas where more investigations are warranted to elucidate its potential utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Shuai
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Endoscopy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jie Ju
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Songlin Gao
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yikun Kang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zixuan Yang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jian Yue
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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13
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Altıntaş Ö, Saylan Y. Exploring the Versatility of Exosomes: A Review on Isolation, Characterization, Detection Methods, and Diverse Applications. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16029-16048. [PMID: 37874907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial mediators of intercellular communication and can be classified based on their physical properties, biomolecular structure, and origin. Among EVs, exosomes have garnered significant attention due to their potential as therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Exosomes are released via fusion of multivesicular bodies on plasma membranes and can be isolated from various biofluids using methods such as differential ultracentrifugation, immune affinity capture, ultrafiltration, and size exclusion chromatography. Herein, an overview of different techniques for exosome characterization and isolation, as well as the diverse applications of exosome detection, including their potential use in drug delivery and disease diagnosis, is provided. Additionally, we discuss the emerging field of exosome detection by sensors, which offers an up-and-coming avenue for point-of-care diagnostic tools development. Overall, this review aims to provide a exhaustive and up-to-date summary of the current state of exosome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Altıntaş
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yeşeren Saylan
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Islam MS, Gopalan V, Lam AK, Shiddiky MJA. Current advances in detecting genetic and epigenetic biomarkers of colorectal cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 239:115611. [PMID: 37619478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer in terms of diagnosis and the second in terms of mortality. Recent studies have shown that various proteins, extracellular vesicles (i.e., exosomes), specific genetic variants, gene transcripts, cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and altered epigenetic patterns, can be used to detect, and assess the prognosis of CRC. Over the last decade, a plethora of conventional methodologies (e.g., polymerase chain reaction [PCR], direct sequencing, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], microarray, in situ hybridization) as well as advanced analytical methodologies (e.g., microfluidics, electrochemical biosensors, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [SERS]) have been developed for analyzing genetic and epigenetic biomarkers using both optical and non-optical tools. Despite these methodologies, no gold standard detection method has yet been implemented that can analyze CRC with high specificity and sensitivity in an inexpensive, simple, and time-efficient manner. Moreover, until now, no study has critically reviewed the advantages and limitations of these methodologies. Here, an overview of the most used genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for CRC and their detection methods are discussed. Furthermore, a summary of the major biological, technical, and clinical challenges and advantages/limitations of existing techniques is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sajedul Islam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
| | - Alfred K Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia; Pathology Queensland, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - Muhammad J A Shiddiky
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.
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15
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An J, Park H, Kim J, Park H, Kim TH, Park C, Kim J, Lee MH, Lee T. Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor Consisted of a CD9 Aptamer and MXene for Exosome Detection in Human Serum. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3174-3186. [PMID: 37585601 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progresses silently to the terminal stage of the impossible operable condition. There are many limitations in the treatment options of cancer, but diagnosis in an early stage can improve survival rates and low recurrence. Exosomes are the biomolecules released from cancer cells and are promising candidates for clinical diagnosis. Among them, the cluster of differentiation 9 (CD9) protein is an important exosomal biomarker that can be used for exosome determination. Therefore, here, a CD9 aptamer was first synthesized and applied to an extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET)-type biosensor containing a disposable sensing membrane to suggest the possibility of detecting exosomes in a clinical environment. Systematically evaluating ligands using the exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique was performed to select nucleic acid sequences that can specifically target the CD9 protein. Exosomes were detected according to the electrical signal changes on a membrane, which is an extended gate using an Au microelectrode. The fabricated biosensor showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 10.64 pM for CD9 proteins, and the detection range was determined from 10 pM to 1 μM in the buffer. In the case of the clinical test, the LOD and detection ranges of exosomes in human serum samples were 6.41 × 102 exosomes/mL and 1 × 103 to 1 × 107 exosomes/mL, respectively, showing highly reliable results with low error rates. These findings suggest that the proposed aptasensor can be a powerful tool for a simple and early diagnosis of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongyun An
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinmyeong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06910, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Department of Electronics Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06910, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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16
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Sonbhadra S, Mehak, Pandey LM. Biogenesis, Isolation, and Detection of Exosomes and Their Potential in Therapeutics and Diagnostics. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:802. [PMID: 37622888 PMCID: PMC10452587 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing research and rapid developments in the field of exosomes provide insights into their role and significance in human health. Exosomes derived from various sources, such as mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac cells, and tumor cells, to name a few, can be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases and could also serve as biomarkers for the early detection of diseases. Cellular components of exosomes, several proteins, lipids, and miRNAs hold promise as novel biomarkers for the detection of various diseases. The structure of exosomes enables them as drug delivery vehicles. Since exosomes exhibit potential therapeutic applications, their efficient isolation from complex biological/clinical samples and precise real-time analysis becomes significant. With the advent of microfluidics, nano-biosensors are being designed to capture exosomes efficiently and rapidly. Herein, we have summarized the history, biogenesis, characteristics, functions, and applications of exosomes, along with the isolation, detection, and quantification techniques. The implications of surface modifications to enhance specificity have been outlined. The review also sheds light on the engineered nanoplatforms being developed for exosome detection and capture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lalit M. Pandey
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.S.); (M.)
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17
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Afridi W, Strachan S, Kasetsirikul S, Pannu AS, Soda N, Gough D, Nguyen NT, Shiddiky MJA. Potential Avenues for Exosomal Isolation and Detection Methods to Enhance Small-Cell Lung Cancer Analysis. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:143-161. [PMID: 37360040 PMCID: PMC10288614 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Around the world, lung cancer has long been the main factor in cancer-related deaths, with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) being the deadliest form of lung cancer. Cancer cell-derived exosomes and exosomal miRNAs are considered promising biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosis of various diseases, including SCLC. Due to the rapidity of SCLC metastasis, early detection and diagnosis can offer better diagnosis and prognosis and therefore increase the patient's chances of survival. Over the past several years, many methodologies have been developed for analyzing non-SCLC-derived exosomes. However, minimal advances have been made in SCLC-derived exosome analysis methodologies. This Review discusses the epidemiology and prominent biomarkers of SCLC. Followed by a discussion about the effective strategies for isolating and detecting SCLC-derived exosomes and exosomal miRNA, highlighting the critical challenges and limitations of current methodologies. Finally, an overview is provided detailing future perspectives for exosome-based SCLC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar
Ahmed Afridi
- School
of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Simon Strachan
- School
of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Surasak Kasetsirikul
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Amandeep Singh Pannu
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Narshone Soda
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Daniel Gough
- Centre
for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of
Medical Research, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Muhammad J. A. Shiddiky
- School
of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Queensland
Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith
University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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18
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Ngo L, Pham LQA, Tukova A, Hassanzadeh-Barforoushi A, Zhang W, Wang Y. Emerging integrated SERS-microfluidic devices for analysis of cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles. LAB ON A CHIP 2023. [PMID: 37314042 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00156c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are specific subgroups of lipid bilayer vesicles secreted from cancer cells to the extracellular environment. They carry distinct biomolecules (e.g., proteins, lipids and nucleic acids) from their parent cancer cells. Therefore, the analysis of cancer-derived sEVs can provide valuable information for cancer diagnosis. However, the use of cancer-derived sEVs in clinics is still limited due to their small size, low amounts in circulating fluids, and heterogeneous molecular features, making their isolation and analysis challenging. Recently, microfluidic technology has gained great attention for its ability to isolate sEVs in minimal volume. In addition, microfluidics allows the isolation and detection of sEVs to be integrated into a single device, offering new opportunities for clinical application. Among various detection techniques, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as a promising candidate for integrating with microfluidic devices due to its ultra-sensitivity, stability, rapid readout, and multiplexing capability. In this tutorial review, we start with the design of microfluidics devices for isolation of sEVs and introduce the key factors to be considered for the design, and then discuss the integration of SERS and microfluidic devices by providing descriptive examples of the currently developed platforms. Lastly, we discuss the current limitations and provide our insights for utilising integrated SERS-microfluidics to isolate and analyse cancer-derived sEVs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ngo
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Le Que Anh Pham
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Anastasiia Tukova
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Yuling Wang
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
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19
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Li S, Zhang H, Zhu M, Kuang Z, Li X, Xu F, Miao S, Zhang Z, Lou X, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for Whole Blood Analysis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37262362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Whole blood, as one of the most significant biological fluids, provides critical information for health management and disease monitoring. Over the past 10 years, advances in nanotechnology, microfluidics, and biomarker research have spurred the development of powerful miniaturized diagnostic systems for whole blood testing toward the goal of disease monitoring and treatment. Among the techniques employed for whole-blood diagnostics, electrochemical biosensors, as known to be rapid, sensitive, capable of miniaturization, reagentless and washing free, become a class of emerging technology to achieve the target detection specifically and directly in complex media, e.g., whole blood or even in the living body. Here we are aiming to provide a comprehensive review to summarize advances over the past decade in the development of electrochemical sensors for whole blood analysis. Further, we address the remaining challenges and opportunities to integrate electrochemical sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Man Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhujun Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Siyuan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zishuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoding Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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20
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Pedersen T, Fojan P, Pedersen AKN, Magnusson NE, Gurevich L. Amperometric Biosensor for Quantitative Measurement Using Sandwich Immunoassays. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050519. [PMID: 37232880 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
State-of-the-art clinical detection methods typically involve standard immunoassay methods, requiring specialized equipment and trained personnel. This impedes their use in the Point-of-Care (PoC) environment, where ease of operation, portability, and cost efficiency are prioritized. Small, robust electrochemical biosensors provide a means with which to analyze biomarkers in biological fluids in PoC environments. Optimized sensing surfaces, immobilization strategies, and efficient reporter systems are key to improving biosensor detection systems. The signal transduction and general performance of electrochemical sensors are determined by surface properties that link the sensing element to the biological sample. We analyzed the surface characteristics of screen-printed and thin-film electrodes using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adapted for use in an electrochemical sensor. The robustness and reproducibility of the developed electrochemical immunosensor were investigated by detecting Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in urine. The sensor showed a detection limit of 1 ng/mL, a linear range of 3.5-80 ng/mL, and a CV% of 8%. The results demonstrate that the developed platform technology is suitable for immunoassay-based sensors on either screen-printed or thin-film gold electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thor Pedersen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
- Biostrip APS, Lindevangsvej 10, 8240 Risskov, Denmark
| | - Peter Fojan
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Kathrine Nissen Pedersen
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nils E Magnusson
- Biostrip APS, Lindevangsvej 10, 8240 Risskov, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Leonid Gurevich
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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21
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Brezgin S, Parodi A, Kostyusheva A, Ponomareva N, Lukashev A, Sokolova D, Pokrovsky VS, Slatinskaya O, Maksimov G, Zamyatnin AA, Chulanov V, Kostyushev D. Technological aspects of manufacturing and analytical control of biological nanoparticles. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108122. [PMID: 36813011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived biological nanoparticles that gained great interest for drug delivery. EVs have numerous advantages compared to synthetic nanoparticles, such as ideal biocompatibility, safety, ability to cross biological barriers and surface modification via genetic or chemical methods. On the other hand, the translation and the study of these carriers resulted difficult, mostly because of significant issues in up-scaling, synthesis and impractical methods of quality control. However, current manufacturing advances enable EV packaging with any therapeutic cargo, including DNA, RNA (for RNA vaccines and RNA therapeutics), proteins, peptides, RNA-protein complexes (including gene-editing complexes) and small molecules drugs. To date, an array of new and upgraded technologies have been introduced, substantially improving EV production, isolation, characterization and standardization. The used-to-be "gold standards" of EV manufacturing are now outdated, and the state-of-art requires extensive revision. This review re-evaluates the pipeline for EV industrial production and provides a critical overview of the modern technologies required for their synthesis and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Brezgin
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | | | - Anastasiya Kostyusheva
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Natalia Ponomareva
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Alexander Lukashev
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Darina Sokolova
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115478, Russia; People's Friendship University, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Vadim S Pokrovsky
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115478, Russia; People's Friendship University, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Olga Slatinskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Georgy Maksimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7X, UK
| | - Vladimir Chulanov
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; National Medical Research Center for Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases, Moscow 127994, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kostyushev
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow 119048, Russia; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia.
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22
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Khaksari S, Abnous K, Hadizadeh F, Ramezani M, Taghdisi SM, Mousavi Shaegh SA. Signal amplification strategies in biosensing of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Talanta 2023; 256:124244. [PMID: 36640707 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed vesicles secreted from mammalian cells. EVs act as multicomponent delivery vehicles to carry a wide variety of biological molecular information and participate in intercellular communications. Since elevated levels of EVs are associated with some pathological states such as inflammatory diseases and cancers, probing circulating EVs holds a great potential for early diagnostics. To this end, several detection methods have been developed in which biosensors have attracted great attentions in identification of EVs due to their simple instrumentation, versatile design and portability for point-of-care applications. The concentrations of EVs in bodily fluids are extremely low (i.e. 1-100 per μl) at early stages of a disease, which necessitates the use of signal amplification strategies for EVs detection. In this way, this review presents and discusses various amplification strategies for EVs biosensors based on detection modalities including surface plasmon resonance (SPR), calorimetry, fluorescence, electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence (ECL). In addition, microfluidic systems employed for signal amplification are reviewed and discussed in terms of their design and integration with the detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Khaksari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Laboratory of Microfluidics and Medical Microsystems, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi Shaegh
- Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Laboratory of Microfluidics and Medical Microsystems, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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23
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Thoeny V, Melnik E, Maier T, Kurzhals S, Derntl C, Pulverer W, Mutinati GC, Asadi M, Mehrabi P, Huetter M, Schalkhammer T, Lieberzeit P, Hainberger R. Comparison of different noble metal-based screen-printed sensors for detection of PIK3CA point-mutations as biomarker for circulating tumor DNA. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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24
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Dezhakam E, Khalilzadeh B, Mahdipour M, Isildak I, Yousefi H, Ahmadi M, Naseri A, Rahbarghazi R. Electrochemical biosensors in exosome analysis; a short journey to the present and future trends in early-stage evaluation of cancers. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114980. [PMID: 36521207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of a multiplicity of cells such as cancer cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells within the specific parenchyma. It has been indicated that cancer cells can educate other cells within the tumor niche in a paracrine manner by the release of nano-sized extracellular vesicles namely exosomes (Exo), resulting in accelerated tumor mass growth. It is suggested that exosomal cargo with remarkable information can reflect any changes in metabolic and proteomic profiles in parent tumor cells. Therefore, exosomes can be touted as prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic elements with specific biomarkers in patients with different tumor types. Despite the advantages, conventional exosome separation and purification protocols are time-consuming and laborious with low abnormal morphology and purity rate. During the last decades, biosensor-based modalities, as emerging instruments, have been used to detect and analyze Exo in biofluids. Due to suitable specificity, sensitivity, and real-time readout, biosensors became promising approaches for the analysis of Exo in in vitro and in vivo settings. The inherent advantages and superiority of electrochemical biosensors in the determination of tumor grade based on exosomal cargo and profile were also debated. Present and future challenges were also discussed related to the application of electrochemical biosensors in the clinical setting. In this review, the early detection of several cancer types associated with ovaries, breast, brain, colon, lungs, T and B lymphocytes, liver and rare types of cancers were debated in association with released exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Dezhakam
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ibrahim Isildak
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemistry-Metallurgy, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Naseri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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25
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Taylor ML, Giacalone AG, Amrhein KD, Wilson RE, Wang Y, Huang X. Nanomaterials for Molecular Detection and Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:524. [PMID: 36770486 PMCID: PMC9920192 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel resource of biomarkers for cancer and certain other diseases. Probing EVs in body fluids has become of major interest in the past decade in the development of a new-generation liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. However, sensitive and specific molecular detection and analysis are challenging, due to the small size of EVs, low amount of antigens on individual EVs, and the complex biofluid matrix. Nanomaterials have been widely used in the technological development of protein and nucleic acid-based EV detection and analysis, owing to the unique structure and functional properties of materials at the nanometer scale. In this review, we summarize various nanomaterial-based analytical technologies for molecular EV detection and analysis. We discuss these technologies based on the major types of nanomaterials, including plasmonic, fluorescent, magnetic, organic, carbon-based, and certain other nanostructures. For each type of nanomaterial, functional properties are briefly described, followed by the applications of the nanomaterials for EV biomarker detection, profiling, and analysis in terms of detection mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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26
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Ma S, Zhou M, Xu Y, Gu X, Zou M, Abudushalamu G, Yao Y, Fan X, Wu G. Clinical application and detection techniques of liquid biopsy in gastric cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:7. [PMID: 36627698 PMCID: PMC9832643 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01715-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and the leading cause of tumor-related mortality. Endoscopy and serological tumor marker testing are currently the main methods of GC screening, and treatment relies on surgical resection or chemotherapy. However, traditional examination and treatment methods are more harmful to patients and less sensitive and accurate. A minimally invasive method to respond to GC early screening, prognosis monitoring, treatment efficacy, and drug resistance situations is urgently needed. As a result, liquid biopsy techniques have received much attention in the clinical application of GC. The non-invasive liquid biopsy technique requires fewer samples, is reproducible, and can guide individualized patient treatment by monitoring patients' molecular-level changes in real-time. In this review, we introduced the clinical applications of circulating tumor cells, circulating free DNA, circulating tumor DNA, non-coding RNAs, exosomes, and proteins, which are the primary markers in liquid biopsy technology in GC. We also discuss the current limitations and future trends of liquid biopsy technology as applied to early clinical biopsy technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ma
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- grid.452743.30000 0004 1788 4869Department of Laboratory Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu China
| | - Xinliang Gu
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Mingyuan Zou
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Gulinaizhaer Abudushalamu
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Yuming Yao
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- grid.452290.80000 0004 1760 6316Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
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27
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Suthar J, Taub M, Carney RP, Williams GR, Guldin S. Recent developments in biosensing methods for extracellular vesicle protein characterization. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1839. [PMID: 35999185 PMCID: PMC10078591 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Research into extracellular vesicles (EVs) has grown significantly over the last few decades with EVs being widely regarded as a source of biomarkers for human health and disease with massive clinical potential. Secreted by every cell type in the body, EVs report on the internal cellular conditions across all tissue types. Their presence in readily accessible biofluids makes the potential of EV biosensing highly attractive as a noninvasive diagnostic platform via liquid biopsies. However, their small size (50-250 nm), inherent heterogeneity, and the complexity of the native biofluids introduce challenges for effective characterization, thus, limiting their clinical utility. This has led to a surge in the development of various novel EV biosensing techniques, with capabilities beyond those of conventional methods that have been directly transferred from cell biology. In this review, key detection principles used for EV biosensing are summarized, with a focus on some of the most recent and fundamental developments in the field over the last 5 years. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Suthar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marissa Taub
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Randy P Carney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - Stefan Guldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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28
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Datta B, Dutta N, Ashish A, Mandal M, Shukla J, Suresh R, Choudhury P, Chaudhury K, Dutta G. Electrochemical Detection of Cancer Fingerprint: A Systematic Review on Recent Progress in Extracellular Vesicle Research from Lab to Market. NEXT-GENERATION NANOBIOSENSOR DEVICES FOR POINT-OF-CARE DIAGNOSTICS 2023:47-77. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7130-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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29
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Current Update on Biomarkers for Detection of Cancer: Comprehensive Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122138. [PMID: 36560548 PMCID: PMC9787556 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early and effective diagnosis of cancer is decisive for its proper management. In this context biomarker-based cancer diagnosis is budding as one of the promising ways for early detection, disease progression monitoring, and effective cancer therapy. Integration of Biosensing devices with different metallic/nonmetallic nanoparticles offers amplification and multiplexing capabilities for simultaneous detection of cancer biomarkers (CB's). This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the most recent designs and fabrication methodologies designed for developing electrochemical biosensors (EB) for early detection of cancers. The role of biomarkers in cancer therapeutics is also discussed.
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30
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Tani Y, Ochiai K, Kaneta T. Optical collection of extracellular vesicles in a culture medium enhanced by interactions with gold nanoparticles. ANAL SCI 2022; 39:643-651. [PMID: 36334243 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) exist in biological fluids such as blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid and are promising cancer biomarkers. Attempts to isolate and analyze trace EVs, however, have been a challenge for researchers studying their functions and secretion mechanisms, which has stymied the options for diagnostic application. This study demonstrated a collection of EVs that was enhanced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via the use of optical force. The collection system consists of an inverted microscope equipped with a CCD camera, a square capillary connected with a PTFE tube, and an Nd:YAG laser that generates optical force. The laser beam was focused on a capillary wall in which a cell culture medium containing EVs flowed continuously. Control of the surface charges on both the capillary wall and the AuNPs achieved the collection and retention of EVs on the capillary wall. The positively charged capillary wall retained EVs even after the laser irradiation was halted due to the negative charges inherent on the surface of EVs. Conversely, positively charged AuNPs had a strong electrostatic interaction with EVs and enhanced the optical force acting on them, which made collecting them a much more efficient process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeki Tani
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenta Ochiai
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaneta
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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31
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Li S, Ma Q. Electrochemical nano-sensing interface for exosomes analysis and cancer diagnosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 214:114554. [PMID: 35834978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a class of the nanosized extracellular vesicles, which have emerged as representative liquid biopsy biomarkers. To date, the electrochemical nanosensors are of great significance in the exosome detection with the advantages of easy operation, high accuracy and reliable repeatability. Especially, the growing field of nano interface has provided the electrochemical sensing platforms for the accurate exosomes analysis. The incorporation of multiple nanomaterials can take advantages and synergistic properties of functional units. So, based on the integration of with nanomaterial-based signal transduction and specific biorecognition, the nano-sensing interface provides excellent electrochemical features owing to rapid mass transport and excellent conductivity. The nano-sensing interface with a wide variety of morphologies and structure also provides the large active surface area for the immobilization of bio-capturing agents. Furthermore, through the design of nanostructured electrode array, the efficiency of transducer can be greatly improved. It should be noticed that the elaboration of a proper sensor requires the profound knowledge of the nano-sensing interface. Therefore, this article presents a review of the recent advance in exosomes detection based on the electrochemical nano-sensing interface, including electrochemical analysis principles, exosome sensing mechanisms, nano-interface construction strategies, as well as the typical diagnosis application. In particular, the article is focused on the exploration of the various electrochemical sensing performance of nano-interface in the exosome detection. We have also prospected the future trend and challenge of the electrochemical nano-sensing interface for exosomes analysis in clinical cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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32
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An Innovative Sandwich Type Biosensor towards Sensitive and Selective Monitoring of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol in Human Plasma Samples Using P(β-CD)-AuNPs-DDT as Amplificant Agent: A New Immuno-Platform for the Recognition of Endocannabinoids in Real Samples. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100791. [PMID: 36290931 PMCID: PMC9599568 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, 2-AG was successfully detected in human plasma samples using a new sandwich-type electrochemical immune device based on poly-β-cyclodextrin P(β-CD) functionalized with AuNPs-DDT and toluidine blue. The P(β-CD) ensured the bioactivity and stability of the immobilized 2-AG antibody by providing a broad surface for the efficient immobilization of the biotinylated antibody. To complete the top section of the immunosensor (reporter), an HRP-conjugated antibody of 2-AG (secondary antibody (Ab2)) was attached to the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified by P(β-CD), as well as a primarily biotinylated antibody (Ab1). The biosensor fabrication process was monitored using field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and EDS methods. Using the differential pulse voltammetry technique, the immunosensor was utilized for detection of 2-AG in real samples. The suggested interface increased the surface area, which allowed for the immobilization of a large quantity of anti-2-AG antibody while also improving biocompatibility, stability, and electrical conductivity. Finally, the suggested immunosensor’s limit of quantitation was determined to be 0.0078 ng/L, with a linear range of 0.0078 to 1.0 ng/L. The results showed that the suggested bioassay can be utilized for diagnosis of 2-AG in clinical samples as a unique and ultrasensitive electrochemical biodevice.
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Jiang Q, Xiao Y, Hong AN, Gao Z, Shen Y, Fan Q, Feng P, Zhong W. Bimetallic Metal-Organic Framework Fe/Co-MIL-88(NH 2) Exhibiting High Peroxidase-like Activity and Its Application in Detection of Extracellular Vesicles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41800-41808. [PMID: 36083615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have many attractive features, including tunable composition, rigid structure, controllable pore size, and large specific surface area, and thus are highly applicable in molecular analysis. Depending on the MOF structure, a high number of unsaturated metal sites can be exposed to catalyze chemical reactions. In the present work, we report that using both Co(II) and Fe(III) to prepare the MIL-88(NH2) MOF, we can produce the bimetallic MOF that can catalyze the conversion of 3,3',5,5″-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to a color product through a reaction with H2O2 at a higher reaction rate than the monometallic Fe-MIL-88(NH2). The Michaelis constants (Km) of the catalytic reaction for TMB and H2O2 are 3-5 times smaller, and the catalytic constants (kcat) are 5-10 times higher than those of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP), supporting ultrahigh peroxidase-like activity. These values are also much more superior to those of the HRP-mimicking MOFs reported previously. Interestingly, the bimetallic MOF can be coupled with glucose oxidase (GOx) to trigger the cascade enzymatic reaction for highly sensitive detection of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a family of important biomarkers. Through conjugation to the aptamer that recognizes the marker protein on EV surface, the MOF can help isolate the EVs from biological matrices, which are subsequently labeled by GOx via antibody recognition. The cascade enzymatic reaction between MOF and GOx enables the detection of EVs at a concentration as low as 7.8 × 104 particles/mL. The assay can be applied to monitor EV secretion by cultured cells and also can successfully detect the different EV quantities in the sera samples collected from cancer patients and healthy controls. Overall, we prove that the bimetallic Fe/Co-MIL-88(NH2) MOF, with its high peroxidase activity and high biocompatibility, is a valuable tool deployable in clinical assays to facilitate disease diagnosis and prognosis.
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Sahraei N, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Khoshroo A, Hoseynidokht F, Mohiti J, Moradi A. Electrochemical system designed on a paper platform as a label-free immunosensor for cancer derived exosomes based on a mesoporous carbon foam- ternary nanocomposite. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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35
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Histostar-Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework for Electrochemical Detection of Exosomes. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090704. [PMID: 36140089 PMCID: PMC9496618 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are gaining growing interest owing to their various structures and versatility. Since their specific physical–chemical characteristics endow them great usage potentiality in biosensing, we herein have synthesized spherical COFs with regular shape and good dispersion, which are further used for the design of a novel nanoprobe by modifying Histostar on the surface of the COFs. Moreover, we have applied a nanoprobe for the fabrication of an electrochemical biosensor to detect exosomes. Since Histostar is a special polymer, conjugated with many secondary antibodies (IgG), and HRP can increase the availability of HRP at the antigenic site, the biosensor can have a strong signal amplification ability. Meanwhile, since COFs with high porosity can be loaded with a huge amount of Histostar, the sensitivity of the biosensor can be further improved. With such a design, the proposed biosensor can achieve a low exosomes detection limit of 318 particles/µL, and a wide linear detection range from 103 particles/µL to 108 particles/µL. So, this work may offer a promising platform for the ultrasensitive detection of exosomes.
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36
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Singh S, Pathak A, Kumar S, Malik PS, Elangovan R. Rapid immunomagnetic co-capture assay for quantification of lung Cancer associated exosomes. J Immunol Methods 2022; 508:113324. [PMID: 35878721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes derived from biological fluids have the potential to serve as a biomarker for the early detection of various cancers. However, the lack of reliable enrichment and detection methods posed a challenge for its clinical utility. In this work, we designed a rapid co-capture-based approach for targeted enrichment and detection of lung cancer-derived exosomes from human plasma. This method relies on the formation of a sandwich complex around the exosomes that involves magnetic nanoparticles coupled to CD151 to assist in the immunomagnetic selection of lung-derived exosomes and a secondary detection antibody (CD81) coupled to horseradish peroxidase for signal amplification. The performance of the co-capture method to detect exosomes has been optimized with known exosome concentrations in human plasma and exhibited good linearity (108-105 exosomes mL-1) with a detection limit of 60.4 exosomes μL-1. This study further investigated the potential of the developed assay to differentiate healthy and lung cancer patients using 18 clinical samples by quantifying the CD151+/ CD81+ lung-derived exosomes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a rapid co-capture-based approach that offers simultaneous isolation and detection of exosomes compatible with low sample volume for detecting lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Singh
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Abhishek Pathak
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Prabhat Singh Malik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar East, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ravikrishnan Elangovan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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37
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Bioprobes-regulated precision biosensing of exosomes: From the nanovesicle surface to the inside. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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38
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Li H, Huang T, Lu L, Yuan H, Zhang L, Wang H, Yu B. Ultrasensitive Detection of Exosomes Using an Optical Microfiber Decorated with Plasmonic MoSe 2-Supported Gold Nanorod Nanointerfaces. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1926-1935. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Huang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Lu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benli Yu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
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39
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Fan C, Jiang B, Shi W, Chen D, Zhou M. Tri-Channel Electrochemical Immunobiosensor for Combined Detections of Multiple Exosome Biomarkers of Lung Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:435. [PMID: 35884238 PMCID: PMC9313016 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current methods for the early diagnosis of cancer can be invasive and costly. In recent years, exosomes have been recognized as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. The common methods for quantitative detection of exosomes, such as nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and flow cytometry, rely on large-scale instruments and complex operation, with results not specific for cancer. Herein, we present a tri-channel electrochemical immunobiosensor for enzyme-free and label-free detecting carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and cytokeratin 19 fragments (Cyfra21-1) from exosomes for specific early diagnosis of lung cancer. The electrochemical immunobiosensor showed good selectivity and stability. Under optimum experimental conditions, the linear ranges were from 10-3 to 10 ng/mL for CEA, 10-4 to 102 ng/mL for NSE, and 10-3 to 102 ng/mL for Cyfra21-1, and a detection limit down to 10-4 ng/mL was achieved. Furthermore, we performed exosome analysis in three kinds of lung cancer. The results showed a distinct expression level of exosomal markers in different types. These works provide insight into a promising alternative for the quantification of exosomal markers in specific diseases in the following clinical bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.F.); (B.J.)
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bingyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.F.); (B.J.)
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (W.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (W.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Mingyong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (C.F.); (B.J.)
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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40
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Cheng Y, Xie Q, He M, Chen B, Chen G, Yin X, Kang Q, Xu Y, Hu B. Sensitive detection of exosomes by gold nanoparticles labeling inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry based on cholesterol recognition and rolling circle amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1212:339938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Dual rolling circle amplification-enabled ultrasensitive multiplex detection of exosome biomarkers using electrochemical aptasensors. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1205:339762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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42
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Recent Advances in the Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Disease Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030618. [PMID: 35335993 PMCID: PMC8949563 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are naturally occurring nanoscale vesicles that are released and received by almost all cells in the body. Exosomes can be transferred between cells and contain various molecular constitutes closely related to their origin and function, including proteins, lipids, and RNAs. The importance of exosomes in cellular communication makes them important vectors for delivering a variety of drugs throughout the body. Exosomes are ubiquitous in the circulatory system and can reach the site of injury or disease through a variety of biological barriers. Due to its unique structure and rich inclusions, it can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Mesenchymal stem-cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) inherit the physiological functions of MSCs, including repairing and regenerating tissues, suppressing inflammatory responses, and regulating the body’s immunity; therefore, MSCs-Exo can be used as a natural drug delivery carrier with therapeutic effects, and has been increasingly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize the research progress of MSCs-Exo as drug delivery vectors and their application for various drug deliveries, providing ideas and references for the study of MSCs-Exo in recent years.
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43
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Hossain KR, Escobar Bermeo JD, Warton K, Valenzuela SM. New Approaches and Biomarker Candidates for the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:819183. [PMID: 35223789 PMCID: PMC8867026 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.819183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K R Hossain
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J D Escobar Bermeo
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K Warton
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - S M Valenzuela
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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44
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Suthar J, Prieto-Simon B, Williams GR, Guldin S. Dual-Mode and Label-Free Detection of Exosomes from Plasma Using an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring. Anal Chem 2022. [PMID: 35072456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04282/suppl_file/ac1c04282_si_001.pdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The biomolecular contents of extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, have been shown to be crucial in intercellular communication and disease propagation. As a result, there has been a recent surge in the exploration of novel biosensing platforms that can sensitively and specifically detect exosomal content such as proteins and nucleic acids, with a view toward application in diagnostic assays. Here, we demonstrate dual-mode and label-free detection of plasma exosomes using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (EQCM-D). The platform adopts a direct immunosensing approach to effectively capture exosomes via their surface protein expression of CD63. By combining QCM-D with a tandem in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement, we are able to demonstrate relationships between mass, viscoelasticity and impedance inducing properties of each functional layer and analyte. In addition to lowering the limit of detection (by a factor of 2-4) to 6.71 × 107 exosome-sized particles (ESP) per mL in 25% v/v serum, the synergy between dissipation and impedance response introduces improved sensing specificity by offering further distinction between soft and rigid analytes, thereby promoting EQCM-D as an important technique for exosome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Suthar
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Prieto-Simon
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Guldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
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45
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Su J, Chen S, Dou Y, Zhao Z, Jia X, Ding X, Song S. Smartphone-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Directly Detecting Serum-Derived Exosomes and Monitoring Their Secretion. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3235-3244. [PMID: 35084842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are potential biomarkers, which play an important role in early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of cancer-related diseases. Nevertheless, direct quantification of exosomes in biological fluid, especially in point-of-care tests (POCTs), remains extremely challenging. Herein, we developed a sensitive and portable electrochemical biosensor in combination with smartphones for quantitative analysis of exosomes. The improved double-antibody sandwich method-based poly-enzyme signal amplification was adopted to detect exosomes. We could detect as low as 7.23 ng of CD63-positive exosomes in 5 μL of serum within 2 h. Importantly, we demonstrated that the biosensor worked well with microliter-level serum and cell culture supernatant. The biosensor holds great potential for the detection of CD-63-expressing exosomes in early diagnosis of prostate disease because CD63-positive exosomes were less detected from the prostate patient serum. Also, the biosensor was used to monitor the secretion of exosomes with the drug therapy, showing a close relationship between the secretion of exosomes and the concentration of cisplatin. The biosensing platform provides a novel way toward POCT for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of prostate disease and other diseases via biomarker expression levels of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Center for Research and Interdisciplinary, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shixing Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yanzhi Dou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhihan Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiaolong Jia
- Department of Urology, Ningbo First Hospital Ningbo, Hospital of Zhejiang University, 17 Ningbo, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shiping Song
- Center for Research and Interdisciplinary, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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46
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Suthar J, Prieto-Simon B, Williams GR, Guldin S. Dual-Mode and Label-Free Detection of Exosomes from Plasma Using an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2465-2475. [PMID: 35072456 PMCID: PMC9096790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
biomolecular contents of extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes,
have been shown to be crucial in intercellular communication and disease
propagation. As a result, there has been a recent surge in the exploration
of novel biosensing platforms that can sensitively and specifically
detect exosomal content such as proteins and nucleic acids, with a
view toward application in diagnostic assays. Here, we demonstrate
dual-mode and label-free detection of plasma exosomes using an electrochemical
quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (EQCM-D).
The platform adopts a direct immunosensing approach to effectively
capture exosomes via their surface protein expression of CD63. By
combining QCM-D with a tandem in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
measurement, we are able to demonstrate relationships between mass,
viscoelasticity and impedance inducing properties of each functional
layer and analyte. In addition to lowering the limit of detection
(by a factor of 2–4) to 6.71 × 107 exosome-sized
particles (ESP) per mL in 25% v/v serum, the synergy between dissipation
and impedance response introduces improved sensing specificity by
offering further distinction between soft and rigid analytes, thereby
promoting EQCM-D as an important technique for exosome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Suthar
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Prieto-Simon
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Guldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
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47
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Cheng H, Yang Q, Wang R, Luo R, Zhu S, Li M, Li W, Chen C, Zou Y, Huang Z, Xie T, Wang S, Zhang H, Tian Q. Emerging Advances of Detection Strategies for Tumor-Derived Exosomes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020868. [PMID: 35055057 PMCID: PMC8775838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes derived from tumor cells contain various molecular components, such as proteins, RNA, DNA, lipids, and carbohydrates. These components play a crucial role in all stages of tumorigenesis and development. Moreover, they reflect the physiological and pathological status of parental tumor cells. Recently, tumor-derived exosomes have become popular biomarkers for non-invasive liquid biopsy and the diagnosis of numerous cancers. The interdisciplinary significance of exosomes research has also attracted growing enthusiasm. However, the intrinsic nature of tumor-derived exosomes requires advanced methods to detect and evaluate the complex biofluid. This review analyzes the relationship between exosomes and tumors. It also summarizes the exosomal biological origin, composition, and application of molecular markers in clinical cancer diagnosis. Remarkably, this paper constitutes a comprehensive summary of the innovative research on numerous detection strategies for tumor-derived exosomes with the intent of providing a theoretical basis and reference for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ruhua Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Public Health Institutes, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China;
| | - Minhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuqing Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Tian Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (H.Z.); (Q.T.)
| | - Honghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (H.Z.); (Q.T.)
| | - Qingchang Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.C.); (Q.Y.); (R.W.); (R.L.); (M.L.); (W.L.); (C.C.); (Y.Z.); (Z.H.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (H.Z.); (Q.T.)
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48
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Kuang J, Fu Z, Sun X, Lin C, Yang S, Xu J, Zhang M, Zhang H, Ning F, Hu P. A colorimetric aptasensor based on a hemin/EpCAM aptamer DNAzyme for sensitive exosome detection. Analyst 2022; 147:5054-5061. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01410f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are considered as potential biomarkers that can reflect information from their parent cell-associated cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Kuang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhibo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuezhi Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chuhui Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shenglong Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fanghong Ning
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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49
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Wu G, Xu C, Wu J, Zhang X, Liu J. Applications of electrochemical biosensors based on functional antibody-modified screen-printed electrodes: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 14:7-16. [PMID: 34877580 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The detection of biomolecular analytes is of great importance in clinical, environmental, and argo-food areas, among which the electrochemical methodology is attracting much attention. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications have exhibited potential possibility for on-site detection, especially for fast clinical biomarker detection, since they provide a miniaturized but robust and portable electrode detection system. In this context, we focused on the modification of SPE with functional antibodies to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly for COVID-19 detection. These antibodies were immobilized onto the electrode surface via various methodologies, through which the powerful potential from the modification of SPE was revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works on the biomolecular modification of SPE and the prospects of this technology from its state-of-art status to commercialization are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Guolin Wu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxia Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
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50
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Saad MG, Beyenal H, Dong WJ. Exosomes as Powerful Engines in Cancer: Isolation, Characterization and Detection Techniques. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:518. [PMID: 34940275 PMCID: PMC8699402 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, powerful extracellular nanovesicles released from almost all types of living cells, are considered the communication engines (messengers) that control and reprogram physiological pathways inside target cells within a community or between different communities. The cell-like structure of these extracellular vesicles provides a protective environment for their proteins and DNA/RNA cargos, which serve as biomarkers for many malicious diseases, including infectious diseases and cancers. Cancer-derived exosomes control cancer metastasis, prognosis, and development. In addition to the unique structure of exosomes, their nanometer size and tendency of interacting with cells makes them a viable novel drug delivery solution. In recent years, numerous research efforts have been made to quantify and characterize disease-derived exosomes for diagnosis, monitoring, and therapeutic purposes. This review aims to (1) relate exosome biomarkers to their origins, (2) focus on current isolation and detection methods, (3) discuss and evaluate the proposed technologies deriving from exosome research for cancer treatment, and (4) form a conclusion about the prospects of the current exosome research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen-Ji Dong
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (M.G.S.); (H.B.)
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