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Zhu J, Wang J, Zhong H, Hu Y, Hu L, Rao P, Liu R, Zhu J, Li G. New method for measuring the pore sizes and pore size distributions of filter membranes-the fluorescence probe method. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:469. [PMID: 37971627 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple, and rapid method is demonstrated for measuring the pore size and pore size distribution of filtration membranes (FMs) used in aqueous applications with fluorescence probes. Because the selected fluorescent probes are mixable and have strong signals, combined with the operation of dead-end filtration, this method only requires small amounts of reagents; additionally, it is time-efficient by avoiding multiple rounds of filtration. This method detects the size of a FM pore throat (i.e., the narrowest position of a pore tunnel), which is more consistent with the actual filtration situation. The conditions, such as probe concentration, temperature, transmembrane pressure difference, and types of surfactants, have been optimized. The experimental results show that the fluorescence probe method has good accuracy and reproducibility for measuring the pore size and pore size distribution of both organic and inorganic FMs. The method is particularly suitable for rapid testing of the filtration performance (nominal pore size≥0.02 μm) of purchased or synthetic membranes in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinhua Rao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, 28 East Jiangchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
- Petroleum and Chemical Industry Key Laboratory of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
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Dong C, Ren J. Resonance Light-Scattering Correlation Spectroscopy and Its Application in Analytical Chemistry for Life Science. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2582-2594. [PMID: 37706459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Resonance light-scattering correlation spectroscopy (RLSCS) is a new single-particle detection method with its working principle being like fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). RLSCS is obtained by autocorrelation function analysis on the measured fluctuation of the resonance light scattering (RLS) intensity occurring within a subfemtoliter volume when a single nanoparticle (such as gold nanoparticles (NPs) or silver (SNPs)) freely diffuses through the volume. The RLSCS technique can detect such parameters as concentration, diffusion coefficient (translation and rotation), etc. Compared with the FCS technique, the correlated fluorescence intensity signal in RLSCS is replaced with the RLS signal of the nanoparticles, overcoming some limits of the fluorescent probes such as photobleaching under high-intensity or long-term illumination. In this Account, we showcase RLSCS methods, theoretical models at different optical configurations, and some key applications. First, the RLSCS optical detection system was constructed based on the confocal optics, its theoretical model was proposed, and the diffusion behaviors of the nanoparticles in the solution were studied including the rotational and translational diffusion. And, methods were developed to measure the concentration, size, aspect ratio, and size distribution of the NPs. Second, based on the RLSCS methods, some detection strategies were developed for homogeneous DNA detection, immunoassay, apoptosis assay, self-thermophoresis of the nanomotor, and quantitative assay in single living cells. Meanwhile, a new fluorescence/scattering cross-correlation spectroscopy (FSCCS) method was proposed for monitoring the molecule-particle interaction. This method enriched the conventional fluorescence/fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) method. Third, using the EMCCD with high sensitivity and rapid response as an optical detector, two temporospatially resolved scattering correlation spectroscopy methods and their theoretical models were developed: total internal reflection (TIR) configuration-based spatially resolved scattering correlation spectroscopy (SRSCS) and dark-field illumination-based scattering correlation spectroscopy (DFSCS). These methods extended single-spot confocal RLSCS to imaging RLSCS, which makes RLSCS have the ability for multiple channel detection with temporospatial resolution. The method was successfully used for investigating the dynamic behaviors of gold NPs in live cells and obtained its temporospatial concentration distribution and diffusion behaviors. The final section of this Account outlines future directions in the development of RLSCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqing Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jicun Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Gandhi SA, Sanders MA, Granneman JG, Kelly CV. Four-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy with one laser and one camera. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:3812-3827. [PMID: 37497523 PMCID: PMC10368031 DOI: 10.1364/boe.486937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion and reorganization of phospholipids and membrane-associated proteins are fundamental for cellular function. Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) measures diffusion and molecular interactions at nanomolar concentration in biological systems. We have developed an economical method to simultaneously monitor diffusion and complexation with the use of super-continuum laser and spectral deconvolution from a single detector. Customizable excitation wavelengths were chosen from the wide-band source and spectral fitting of the emitted light revealed the interactions for up to four chromatically overlapping fluorophores simultaneously. This method was applied to perform four-color FCCS that we demonstrated with polystyrene nanoparticles, lipid vesicles, and membrane-bound molecules. Up to four individually customizable excitation channels were selected from the broad-spectrum fiber laser to excite the diffusers within a diffraction-limited spot. The fluorescence emission passed through a cleanup filter and a dispersive prism prior to being collected by a sCMOS or EMCCD camera with up to 1.8 kHz frame rates. The emission intensity versus time of each fluorophore was extracted through a linear least-square fitting of each camera frame and temporally correlated via custom software. Auto- and cross-correlation functions enabled the measurement of the diffusion rates and binding partners. We have measured the induced aggregation of nanobeads and lipid vesicles in solution upon increasing the buffer salinity. Because of the adaptability of investigating four fluorophores simultaneously with a cost-effective method, this technique will have wide application for examining macromolecular complex formation in model and living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali A. Gandhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Matthew A. Sanders
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 40201, USA
| | - James G. Granneman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 40201, USA
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Christopher V. Kelly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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4
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Gandhi SA, Sanders MA, Granneman JG, Kelly CV. Four-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy with one laser and one camera. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526256. [PMID: 36778294 PMCID: PMC9915509 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion and reorganization of phospholipids and membrane-associated proteins are fundamental for cellular function. Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) measures the diffusion and molecular interactions at nanomolar concentration in biological systems. We have developed a novel, economical method to simultaneously monitor diffusion and oligomerization with the use of super-continuum laser and spectral deconvolution from a single detector. Customizable excitation wavelengths were chosen from the wide-band source and spectral fitting of the emitted light revealed the interactions for up to four spectrally overlapping fluorophores simultaneously. This method was applied to perform four-color FCCS, as demonstrated with polystyrene nanoparticles, lipid vesicles, and membrane-bound molecules. Up to four individually customizable excitation channels were selected from the broad-spectrum fiber laser to excite the diffusers within a diffraction-limited spot. The fluorescence emission passed through a cleanup filter and a dispersive prism prior to being collected by a sCMOS or EMCCD camera with up to 10 kHz frame rates. The emission intensity versus time of each fluorophore was extracted through a linear least-square fitting of each camera frame and temporally correlated via custom software. Auto- and cross-correlation functions enabled the measurement of the diffusion rates and binding partners. We have measured the induced aggregation of nanobeads and lipid vesicles in solution upon increasing the buffer salinity. Because of the adaptability of investigating four fluorophores simultaneously with a cost-effective method, this technique will have wide application for examining complex homo- and heterooligomerization in model and living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali A. Gandhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA, 48201
| | - Matthew A. Sanders
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA, 40201
| | - James G. Granneman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA, 40201,Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. 48201
| | - Christopher V. Kelly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA, 48201,Center for Integrative Metabolic and Endocrine Research, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. 48201,Corresponding author:
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Zhang T, Song H, Deng L, Dong C, Ren J. Single-Particle Catalytic Analysis by a Photon Burst Counting Technique Combined with a Microfluidic Chip. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9752-9759. [PMID: 34240602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Single-particle catalytic analysis plays an important role to understand the catalytic mechanism of nanocatalysts. Currently, some methods are used to study the relationship between single-particle catalytic activity and morphology. However, there is still lack of a simple and rapid analysis method for evaluating the catalytic activity of an individual nanocatalyst that freely moves in solution. Here, we proposed a novel single-particle catalytic analysis method for investigating the catalytic activity of a free nanocatalyst. Its working principle is based on the photon burst counting analysis on fluorescent catalytic products of an individual nanocatalyst combined with a microfluidic chip. In this study, we used the reduction reaction of resazurin (RZ) to resorufin (RF) catalyzed by gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as a model. When nonfluorescent RZ molecules in one microchannel of the microfluidic chip mixed with the GNPs flowing in another channel under the control of flow rates, each individual photon burst from the catalytic product RF by GNPs was measured in real time with a constructed flow single-particle catalytic analysis (SPCA) system. With the method, the obtained intensity of each photon burst reflects the capacity of a particle to catalyze RZ molecules into RF(s). The number of photon burst within sampling time reflects the particle number of GNPs with catalytic activity. The experimental conditions including the mixing mode of the nanocatalyst and the substrate, the flow rate, RZ concentration, and detection time were optimized. Finally, the method was successfully used to study the catalytic activity of GNPs with different sizes and morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Haohan Song
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Deng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqing Dong
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jicun Ren
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Yin X, Chen B, He M, Hu B. A Homogeneous Multicomponent Nucleic Acid Enzyme Assay for Universal Nucleic Acid Detection by Single-Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4952-4959. [PMID: 33689302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) has great potential for sensitive analysis of nucleic acids; however, it usually requires separation of target-induced nanoparticle reporters, and the sequence of probes on nanoparticle reporters has to be tuned for each target accordingly. Here, we developed a homogeneous multicomponent nucleic acid enzyme (MNAzyme) assay for universal nucleic acid detection. The two components of MNAzyme contain target recognition sites, substrate binding sites, and a catalytic core. Only in the presence of a specific nucleic acid target, the MNAzyme will assemble to trigger its nucleic acid enzyme activity and cleave its substrate (Linker DNA). The Linker DNA could link gold nanoparticle (AuNP) probes to form a larger assembled particle, while the cleavage of Linker DNA will disturb the linkage between probes, inducing a smaller assembled particle. The assembled particles with different sizes could be differentiated and sensitively detected in SP-ICP-MS, which also enables the tolerance of a complex matrix. By simply altering the sequences of the target recognition sites in MNAzyme, we applied the assay for two types of nucleic acids (long strand DNA and short strand RNA), malaria DNA and miRNA-10b. With increasing the target concentration, the signal intensity of each assembled particle decreases, but the frequency of assembled particle pulse increases. Both targets could be quantitatively detected from 0.1 to 25 pmol L-1 with high specificity in serum samples. The developed MNAzyme-SP-ICP-MS assay possesses simple operation in a homogeneous reaction, easy tunability for multiple types of nucleic acid targets, and good compatibility with clinic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Liu X, Sun Y, Lin X, Pan X, Wu Z, Gai H. Digital Duplex Homogeneous Immunoassay by Counting Immunocomplex Labeled with Quantum Dots. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3089-3095. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Lin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhangjian Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongwei Gai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, 101 Shanghai Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
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Huang Z, Li Z, Jiang M, Liu R, Lv Y. Homogeneous Multiplex Immunoassay for One-Step Pancreatic Cancer Biomarker Evaluation. Anal Chem 2020; 92:16105-16112. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zili Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Ziyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Liao X, Zhang C, Machuki JO, Wen X, Tang Q, Shi H, Gao F. Proximity hybridization-triggered DNA assembly for label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic bioanalysis. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1139:42-49. [PMID: 33190708 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a versatile label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic platform for detecting various biotargets via proximity hybridization-triggered DNA assembly based on the 736 cm-1 Raman peak of adenine breathing mode. We initially immobilized the first probe to AuNPs and modified the second with poly adenine. Presence of target DNA or protein molecules assembled a sandwich complex that brought the poly adenine close to the AuNPs surface, generating Raman signals, that were proportional to target molecule concentration. These approach exhibits high sensitivity, with a detection limit of 5.4 pM, 47 fM, and 0.51 pg/mL for target DNA, thrombin and CEA, respectively. Owing to a one step proximity dependent complex formation, this technique is simple and can be completed within 40 min, making it a promising candidate for point-of-care testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiu Liao
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-Incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Caiyi Zhang
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jeremiah Ong'achwa Machuki
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wen
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-Incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Qianli Tang
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-Incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China.
| | - Hengliang Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, China.
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Fortschritte in der optischen Einzelmoleküldetektion: Auf dem Weg zu höchstempfindlichen Bioaffinitätsassays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und BiosensorikUniversität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und BiosensorikUniversität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Advances in Optical Single-Molecule Detection: En Route to Supersensitive Bioaffinity Assays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10746-10773. [PMID: 31869502 PMCID: PMC7318240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to detect low concentrations of analytes and in particular low-abundance biomarkers is of fundamental importance, e.g., for early-stage disease diagnosis. The prospect of reaching the ultimate limit of detection has driven the development of single-molecule bioaffinity assays. While many review articles have highlighted the potentials of single-molecule technologies for analytical and diagnostic applications, these technologies are not as widespread in real-world applications as one should expect. This Review provides a theoretical background on single-molecule-or better digital-assays to critically assess their potential compared to traditional analog assays. Selected examples from the literature include bioaffinity assays for the detection of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and viruses. The structure of the Review highlights the versatility of optical single-molecule labeling techniques, including enzymatic amplification, molecular labels, and innovative nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193040RegensburgGermany
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193040RegensburgGermany
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Gauglitz G. Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3317-3349. [PMID: 32313998 PMCID: PMC7214504 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct optical detection has proven to be a highly interesting tool in biomolecular interaction analysis to be used in drug discovery, ligand/receptor interactions, environmental analysis, clinical diagnostics, screening of large data volumes in immunology, cancer therapy, or personalized medicine. In this review, the fundamental optical principles and applications are reviewed. Devices are based on concepts such as refractometry, evanescent field, waveguides modes, reflectometry, resonance and/or interference. They are realized in ring resonators; prism couplers; surface plasmon resonance; resonant mirror; Bragg grating; grating couplers; photonic crystals, Mach-Zehnder, Young, Hartman interferometers; backscattering; ellipsometry; or reflectance interferometry. The physical theories of various optical principles have already been reviewed in detail elsewhere and are therefore only cited. This review provides an overall survey on the application of these methods in direct optical biosensing. The "historical" development of the main principles is given to understand the various, and sometimes only slightly modified variations published as "new" methods or the use of a new acronym and commercialization by different companies. Improvement of optics is only one way to increase the quality of biosensors. Additional essential aspects are the surface modification of transducers, immobilization strategies, selection of recognition elements, the influence of non-specific interaction, selectivity, and sensitivity. Furthermore, papers use for reporting minimal amounts of detectable analyte terms such as value of mass, moles, grams, or mol/L which are difficult to compare. Both these essential aspects (i.e., biochemistry and the presentation of LOD values) can be discussed only in brief (but references are provided) in order to prevent the paper from becoming too long. The review will concentrate on a comparison of the optical methods, their application, and the resulting bioanalytical quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Gauglitz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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13
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Huang Z, Wang C, Liu R, Su Y, Lv Y. Self-Validated Homogeneous Immunoassay by Single Nanoparticle in-Depth Scrutinization. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2876-2881. [PMID: 31910615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The most convenient method for the clinical routine analysis of disease biomarkers is homogeneous immunoassay, which minimizes the requirements for automation and time-/lab-consumption. Despite great success, because sample constituents are not removed by a separation or washing step, a major challenge in conducting homogeneous immunoassays for the practical application is the matrix effect-related inaccuracy. Herein, to guarantee an accurate quantification, a self-validated homogeneous immunoassay was proposed, by simultaneously scrutinizing both frequency and intensity of single gold nanoparticles. The two analytical modes of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) correlated well with each other, resulting in a self-validation mechanism for the accurate immunoassay. Both two modes of the proposed method provided linear ranges of 2 orders of magnitude and LODs of pM level. Thanks to the self-validated strategy and the high tolerance of the matrix effect of ICPMS, the proposed homogeneous immunoassay was successfully demonstrated in a series of human serum samples, with results in good accordance with clinical routine methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610064 , China
| | - Yingying Su
- Analytical & Testing Center , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Yi Lv
- Analytical & Testing Center , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
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14
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Su D, Hou Y, Dong C, Ren J. Fluctuation correlation spectroscopy and its applications in homogeneous analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:4523-4540. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Li X, Yang L, Men C, Xie YF, Liu JJ, Zou HY, Li YF, Zhan L, Huang CZ. Photothermal Soft Nanoballs Developed by Loading Plasmonic Cu 2- xSe Nanocrystals into Liposomes for Photothermal Immunoassay of Aflatoxin B 1. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4444-4450. [PMID: 30811173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal effects (PTEs) have been greatly concerned with the fast development of new photothermal nanomaterials. Herein we propose a photothermal immunoassay (PTIA) by taking mycotoxins (AFB1) as an example based on the PTEs of plasmonic Cu2- xSe nanocrystals (NCs). By loading plasmonic Cu2- xSe NCs into liposomes to form photothermal soft nanoballs (ptSNBs), on which aptamer of AFB1 previously assembled, a sandwich structure of AFB1 could be formed with the aptamer on ptSNBs and capture antibody. The heat released from the ptSNBs under NIR irradiation, owing to the plasmonic photothermal light-to-heat conversion through photon-electron-phonon coupling, makes the temperature of substrate solution increased, and the increased temperature has a linear relationship with the AFB1 content. Owing to the large amounts of plasmonic Cu2- xSe NCs in the ptSNBs, the PTEs get amplified, making AFB1 higher than 1 ng/mL detectable in food even if with a rough homemade immunothermometer. The proposal of PTIA opens a new field of immunoassay including developing photothermal nanostructures, new thermometers, PTIA theory, and so on.
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16
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Gupta A, Sankaran J, Wohland T. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy: The technique and its applications in soft matter. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a well-established single-molecule method used for the quantitative spatiotemporal analysis of dynamic processes in a wide range of samples. It possesses single-molecule sensitivity but provides ensemble averaged molecular parameters such as mobility, concentration, chemical reaction kinetics, photophysical properties and interaction properties. These parameters have been utilized to characterize a variety of soft matter systems. This review provides an overview of the basic principles of various FCS modalities, their instrumentation, data analysis, and the applications of FCS to soft matter systems.
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17
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Yang Y, Zhu J, Zhao J, Weng GJ, Li JJ, Zhao JW. Growth of Spherical Gold Satellites on the Surface of Au@Ag@SiO 2 Core-Shell Nanostructures Used for an Ultrasensitive SERS Immunoassay of Alpha-Fetoprotein. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3617-3626. [PMID: 30608142 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The identification and detection of cancer biomarkers in early stages is an important issue for the therapy of cancer. However, most methods are time-consuming and have limited sensing sensitivity and specificity. In this work, we prepared a novel plasmonic multilayered core-shell-satellite nanostructure (Au@Ag@SiO2-AuNP) consisting of a gold nanosphere with a silver coating core (Au@Ag), an ultrathin continuous silica (SiO2) shell, and a high coverage of gold nanosphere (AuNP) satellites. The Au@Ag core is a prominent surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform, and the thin SiO2 layer exhibits a long-range plasmon coupling between the Au@Ag core to the AuNP satellites, further leading to enhanced Raman scattering. Meanwhile, the outer AuNP satellites have a high biocompatibility and long-term stability. Combining the above advantages, the well-designed metallic nanoassemblies would be a promising candidate for SERS-based applications in biochemistry. For specific detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), we utilized the SERS-active core-shell-satellite nanostructures modified with AFP antibody as immune probes and nitrocellulose membrane (NC) stabilized captured anti-AFP antibodies as solid substrate. To improve the detection performance, we further systematically optimized the parameters, including the silver coating thickness of the Au@Ag core and the density and size of the satellite AuNPs. Under the optimized conditions, AFP could be detected by the SERS-based sandwich immunoassay with an ultralow detection limit of 0.3 fg/mL, and the method exhibited a wide linear response from 1 fg/mL to 1 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) was considerably lower than conventional methods in the literature. This work relies on the unique Au@Ag@SiO2-AuNP nanostructures as the immune probe develops a new outlook for the application of multilayered nanoassemblies and demonstrates the great potential in early tumor marker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Jian Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Guo-Jun Weng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Jun-Wu Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
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18
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Fang X, Zheng Y, Duan Y, Liu Y, Zhong W. Recent Advances in Design of Fluorescence-Based Assays for High-Throughput Screening. Anal Chem 2019; 91:482-504. [PMID: 30481456 PMCID: PMC7262998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yongzan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yaokai Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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19
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Sun F, Sun X, Jia Y, Hu Z, Xu S, Li L, Na N, Ouyang J. Ultrasensitive detection of prostate specific antigen using a personal glucose meter based on DNA-mediated immunoreaction. Analyst 2019; 144:6019-6024. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01558b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a point-of-care immunosensor coupled with a rolling circle reaction and a personal glucose meter for sensitive detection of PSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yijing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Shenghao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- MOE; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
| | - Na Na
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
| | - Jin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing
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20
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Liu X, Huang C, Zong C, Liang A, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Zhao W, Gai H. A Single-Molecule Homogeneous Immunoassay by Counting Spatially "Overlapping" Two-Color Quantum Dots with Wide-Field Fluorescence Microscopy. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2644-2650. [PMID: 30426743 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We developed a single-molecule homogeneous immunoassay by counting spatially "overlapping" two-color quantum dots (QD) under a wide-field fluorescence microscope. QD 655 with red fluorescence and QD 565 with green fluorescence were modified with capture and detection antibodies, respectively. A capture antibody-modified QD 655 and a detection antibody-modified QD 565 were conjugated by a corresponding antigen molecule to form a "sandwich" immunocomplex. The conjugated QD 655 could not be distinguished from the conjugated QD 565 by fluorescent microscopy because the distance between them was smaller than the resolution of an optical microscope (approximately 200 nm). The immunocomplex color became yellow because of the spatial "overlap" of the red and green fluorescence. The number of the yellow spots was equal to the number of immunocomplex molecules, while the concentration of the antigen was related to the ratio of the yellow dots to the red dots. The successful quantification of two model proteins in the human plasma, namely, alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen, demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Conghui Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Chenghua Zong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Aiye Liang
- Department of Physical Sciences, Charleston Southern University, Charleston, South Carolina 29406, United States
| | - Zhangjian Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Yusu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Qingquan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Hongwei Gai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
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21
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Lahtinen S, Krause S, Arppe R, Soukka T, Vosch T. Upconversion Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy of a Sandwich Immunoassay. Chemistry 2018; 24:9229-9233. [PMID: 29732623 PMCID: PMC6055621 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation and cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCS/FCCS) have enabled biologists to study processes of transport, binding, and enzymatic reactions in living cells. However, applying FCS and FCCS to samples such as whole blood and plasma is complicated as the fluorescence bursts of diffusing labels can be swamped by strong autofluorescence. Here we present cross-correlation spectroscopy based on two upconversion nanoparticles emitting at different wavelengths on the anti-Stokes side of a single excitation laser. This upconversion cross-correlation spectroscopy (UCCS) approach allows us to completely remove all Stokes shifted autofluorescence background in biological material such as plasma. As a proof of concept, we evaluate the applicability of UCCS to a homogeneous sandwich immunoassay for thyroid stimulating hormone measured in buffer solution and in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Lahtinen
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Medisiina D6, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Stefan Krause
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Riikka Arppe
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tero Soukka
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Medisiina D6, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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22
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Du Z, Yu J, Li F, Deng L, Wu F, Huang X, Bergstrand J, Widengren J, Dong C, Ren J. In Situ Monitoring of p53 Protein and MDM2 Protein Interaction in Single Living Cells Using Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6144-6151. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jan Bergstrand
- Experimental Biomolecular
Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
| | - Jerker Widengren
- Experimental Biomolecular
Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden
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23
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Liu X, Huang C, Dong X, Liang A, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Wang Q, Gai H. Asynchrony of spectral blue-shifts of quantum dot based digital homogeneous immunoassay. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13103-13106. [PMID: 30397699 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06754f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a femtomolar digital homogeneous immunoassay for the detection of cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Conghui Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Xiuling Dong
- Oncology Treatment Centre
- Hangzhou Hekang Rehabilitation Hospital
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Aiye Liang
- Department of Physical Sciences
- Charleston Southern University
- North Charleston
- USA
| | - Yusu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Qingquan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Gai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
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