1
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Rong X, Li X, Liu C, Wu C, Wang Z, Zhu B. Dual-reporter fluorescent probe for precise identification of liver cancer by sequentially responding to carboxylesterase and polarity. Talanta 2024; 278:126477. [PMID: 38968656 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Early treatment significantly improves the survival rate of liver cancer patients, so the development of early diagnostic methods for liver cancer is urgent. Liver cancer can develop from viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver, and fatty liver, thus making the above diseases share common features such as elevated viscosity, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species. Therefore, accurate differentiation between other liver diseases and liver cancer is both a paramount practical need and challenging. Numerous fluorescent probes have been reported for the diagnosis of liver cancer by detecting a single biomarker, but these probes lack specificity for liver cancer in complex biological systems. Obviously, using multiple liver cancer biomarkers as the basis for judgment can dramatically improve diagnostic accuracy. Herein, we report the first fluorescent probe, LD-TCE, that sequentially detects carboxylesterase (CE) and lipid droplet polarity in liver cancer cells with high sensitivity and selectivity, with linear detection of CE in the range of 0-6 U/mL and a 65-fold fluorescence enhancement in response to polarity. The probe first reacts with CE and releases weak fluorescence, which is then dramatically enhanced due to the decrease in lipid droplet polarity in liver cancer cells. This approach allows the probe to enable specific imaging of liver cancer with higher contrast and accuracy. The probe successfully achieved the screening of liver cancer cells and the precise identification of liver cancer in mice. More importantly, it is not disturbed by liver fibrosis, which is a common pathological feature of many liver diseases. We believe that the LD-TCE is expected to be a powerful tool for early diagnosis of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Rong
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xiwei Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Chuanchen Wu
- College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China.
| | - Zhongpeng Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
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2
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Moni D, Sasmal M, Katarkar A, Basu A, Ali M. Design and synthesis of a TICT-based red-emissive fluorescent probe for the rapid and selective detection of HSA in human biofluids and live cell imaging. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:8791-8800. [PMID: 39145384 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report the design and synthesis of a D⋯π⋯A-based fluorescent probe, (E)-4-(4-(dibutylamine)-2-hydroxystyryl)-1-methylquinolin-1-ium (DHMQ), which is nonfluorescent in ∼100% PBS buffer medium due to a twisted intra molecular charge transfer (TICT) phenomenon and it becomes highly fluorescent (∼149 fold) in the presence of human serum albumin (HSA), owing to the restriction of its intramolecular free rotation inside the hydrophobic binding cavity of HSA. The site-selective fluorescence displacement assay and molecular docking studies clearly reveal that DHMQ selectively binds at subdomain IB of HSA. The 3σ/slope method was adopted to determine the limit of detection (LOD) value, which was as low as 2.39 nM in ∼100% PBS medium, indicating its high sensitivity towards HSA. The low dissociation constant value [Kd = (1.066 ± 0.017) μM] suggests a strong complexation between the DHMQ and HSA. Importantly, it has been demonstrated that DHMQ is capable of detecting HSA in real human serum and urine samples and was found to be suitable for live cell imaging of HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolan Moni
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Mihir Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Atul Katarkar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Waste & Chemical Toxicity Assessment, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Anamika Basu
- Department of Biochemistry, Gurudas College, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Mahammad Ali
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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3
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Li Y, Wang X, Zhao Y, Wang X, Xue K, Yang L, Deng J, Sun S, Qi Z. Designing NIR AIEgens for lysosomes targeting and efficient photodynamic therapy of tumors. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107551. [PMID: 38971094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is the most severe health problem facing most people today. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for tumors has attracted attention because of its non-invasive nature, negligible adverse reactions, and high spatiotemporal selectivity. Developing biocompatible photosensitizers that can target, guide, and efficiently kill cancer cells is desirable in PDT. Here, two amphiphilic organic compounds, PS-I and PSS-II, were synthesized based on the D-π-A structure with a positive charge. The two AIEgens exhibited near-infrared emission, large Stokes shift, high 1O2 and O2-∙ generation efficiency, good biocompatibility, and photostability. They were co-incubated with cancer cells and eventually accumulated to lysosomes by cell imaging experiments. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that PS-I and PSS-II could effectively kill cancer cells and sufficiently inhibit tumor growth under light irradiation. PS-I had a higher fluorescence quantum yield in the aggregated state, which made it better for bio-imaging in imaging-guided photodynamic therapy. In contrast, PSS-II with a longer conjugated structure had more ROS generation to kill tumor cells under illumination, and the tumor growth inhibition of mice reached 71.95% during the treatment. No observable injury or undesirable outcomes were detected in the vital organs of the mice within the treatment group, suggesting that PSS-II/PS-I had a promising future in efficient imaging-guided PDT for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Yongfei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Ke Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Jing Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Saidong Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Zhengjian Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China.
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4
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Soltanmohammadi F, Gharehbaba AM, Zangi AR, Adibkia K, Javadzadeh Y. Current knowledge of hybrid nanoplatforms composed of exosomes and organic/inorganic nanoparticles for disease treatment and cell/tissue imaging. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117248. [PMID: 39098179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosome-nanoparticle hybrid nanoplatforms, can be prepared by combining exosomes with different types of nanoparticles. The main purpose of combining exosomes with nanoparticles is to overcome the limitations of using each of them as drug delivery systems. Using nanoparticles for drug delivery has some limitations, such as high immunogenicity, poor cellular uptake, low biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, low stability, and rapid clearance by immune cells. However, using exosomes as drug delivery systems also has its own drawbacks, such as poor encapsulation efficiency, low production yield, and the inability to load large molecules. These limitations can be addressed by utilizing hybrid nanoplatforms. Additionally, the use of exosomes allows for targeted delivery within the hybrid system. Exosome-inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles may be used for both therapy and diagnosis in the future. This may lead to the development of personalized medicine using hybrid nanoparticles. However, there are a few challenges associated with this. Surface modifications, adding functional groups, surface charge adjustments, and preparing nanoparticles with the desired size are crucial to the possibility of preparing exosome-nanoparticle hybrids. Additional challenges for the successful implementation of hybrid platforms in medical treatments and diagnostics include scaling up the manufacturing process and ensuring consistent quality and reproducibility across various batches. This review focuses on various types of exosome-nanoparticle hybrid systems and also discusses the preparation and loading methods for these hybrid nanoplatforms. Furthermore, the potential applications of these hybrid nanocarriers in drug/gene delivery, disease treatment and diagnosis, and cell/tissue imaging are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Soltanmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Mahmoudi Gharehbaba
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi Zangi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Javadzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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5
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Qian M, Ye Y, Ren TB, Xiong B, Yuan L, Zhang XB. Cancer-Targeting and Viscosity-Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Precise Cancer Cell Imaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:13447-13454. [PMID: 39119849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Small-molecule fluorescent probes have emerged as potential tools for cancer cell imaging-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications, but their limited selectivity and poor imaging contrast hinder their broad applications. To address these problems, we present the design and construction of a novel near-infrared (NIR) biotin-conjugated and viscosity-activatable fluorescent probe, named as QL-VB, for selective recognition and imaging of cancer cells. The designed probe exhibited a NIR emission at 680 nm, with a substantial Stokes shift of 100 nm and remarkably sensitive responses toward viscosity changes in solution. Importantly, QL-VB provided an evidently enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR: 6.2) for the discrimination of cancer cells/normal cells, as compared with the control probe without biotin conjugation (SNR: 1.8). Moreover, we validated the capability of QL-VB for dynamic monitoring of stimulated viscosity changes within cancer cells and employed QL-VB for distinguishing breast cancer tissues from normal tissues in live mice with improved accuracy (SNR: 2.5) in comparison with the control probe (SNR: 1.8). All these findings indicated that the cancer-targeting and viscosity-activatable NIR fluorescent probe not only enables the mechanistic investigations of mitochondrial viscosity alterations within cancer cells but also holds the potential as a robust tool for cancer cell imaging-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Tian-Bing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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6
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Li H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Du H, Zhang G, Zhang C, Shuang S, Dong C. A specific dual-locked fluorescence probe to visualize the dynamic changes of lipid droplets and hypochlorous acid in inflammation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 314:124182. [PMID: 38522376 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is a key factor leading to the occurrence and development of many diseases, both lipid droplets (LDs) and hypochlorous acid (HClO/ClO-) are regarded as the important biomarkers of inflammation. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an efficient single chemical sensor that can simultaneously detect these two biomarkers. To achieve the goal, we developed a dual-locked fluorescence probe (TPA-DNP) by fusing two targets activated reporting system, its implementation was achieved by turning-on the fluorescence of TPA-DNP through LDs and HClO/ClO- simultaneously. In simulated LDs environment, TPA-DNP displayed excellent selectivity to HClO/ClO-, high sensitivity (LOD = 0.527 μM) and strong anti-interference ability. In addition, cell and zebrafish imaging experiments showed that TPA-DNP could be utilized to visualize exogenous/endogenous HClO/ClO- in LDs environment, and could also be used to observe the impact of LDs changes on the HClO/ClO- detection. On the basis, TPA-DNP served as a favorable tool to achieve visualization of inflammatory dynamic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huizhi Du
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Guomei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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7
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Pei S, Li H, Chen L, Nie G, Wang H, Liu C, Zhang C. Dual-Functional AIE Fluorescent Probe for Visualization of Lipid Droplets and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5615-5624. [PMID: 38544396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal lipid droplets (LDs) are known to be intimately bound with the occurrence and development of cancer, allowing LDs to be critical biomarkers for cancers. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), with efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production performance, are prime photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with imaging. Therefore, the development of dual-functional fluorescent probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics that enable both simultaneous LD monitoring and imaging-guided PDT is essential for concurrent cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we reported the development of a novel LD-targeting fluorescent probe (TDTI) with AIE performance, which was expected to realize the integration of cancer diagnosis through LD visualization and cancer treatment via PDT. We demonstrated that TDTI, with typical AIE characteristics and excellent photostability, could target LDs with high specificity, which enables the dynamic tracking of LDs in living cells, specific imaging of LDs in zebrafish, and the differentiation of cancer cells from normal cells for cancer diagnosis. Meanwhile, TDTI exhibited fast ROS generation ability (achieving equilibrium within 60 s) under white light irradiation (10 mW/cm2). The cell apoptosis assay revealed that TDTI effectively induced growth inhibition and apoptosis of HeLa cells. Further, the results of PDT in vivo indicated that TDTI had a good antitumor effect on the tumor-bearing mice model. Collectively, these results highlight the potential utility of the dual-functional fluorescent probe TDTI in the integrated diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizeng Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, No. 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Linfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, No. 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Gang Nie
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 430016 Wuhan, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, No. 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chunrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, No. 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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8
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Wang Y, Huo F, Yin C. Development of Human Serum Albumin Fluorescent Probes in Detection, Imaging, and Disease Therapy. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1121-1138. [PMID: 38266243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) acts as a repository and transporter of substances in the blood. An abnormal concentration may indicate the occurrence of liver- and kidney-related diseases, which has attracted people to investigate the precise quantification of HSA in body fluids. Fluorescent probes can combine with HSA covalently or noncovalently to quantify HSA in urine and plasma. Moreover, probes combined with HSA can improve its photophysical properties; probe-HSA has been applied in real-time monitoring and photothermal and photodynamic therapy in vivo. This Review will introduce fluorescent probes for quantitative HSA according to the three reaction mechanisms of spatial structure, enzymatic reaction, and self-assembly and systematically introduce the application of probes combined with HSA in disease imaging and phototherapy. It will help develop multifunctional applications for HSA probes and provide assistance in the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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9
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Udofa E, Zhao Z. In situ cellular hitchhiking of nanoparticles for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115143. [PMID: 38008185 PMCID: PMC10841869 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the concept of "magic bullet", nanoparticles have evolved to be one of the most effective carriers in drug delivery. Nanoparticles improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs offering benefits to treating various diseases. Unlike free drugs which freely diffuse and distribute through the body, nanoparticles protect the body from the drug by reducing non-specific interactions while also improving the drug's pharmacokinetics. Despite acquiring some FDA approvals, further clinical application of nanoparticles is majorly hindered by its limited ability to overcome biological barriers resulting in uncontrolled biodistribution and high clearance. The use of cell-inspired systems has emerged as a promising approach to overcome this challenge as cells are biocompatible and have improved access to tissues and organs. One of such is the hitchhiking of nanoparticles to circulating cells such that they are recognized as 'self' components evading clearance and resulting in site-specific drug delivery. In this review, we discuss the concept of nanoparticle cellular hitchhiking, highlighting its advantages, the principles governing the process and the challenges currently limiting its clinical translation. We also discuss in situ hitchhiking as a tool for overcoming these challenges and the considerations to be taken to guide research efforts in advancing this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edidiong Udofa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Translational Oncology Program, University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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10
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Cheng X, Zhang R, Sun J, Xu K, Li W. Acylhydrazone Functionalized Triphenylamine-Based Fluorescent Probe for Cu 2+: Tunable Structures of Conjugated Bridge and Its Practical Application. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03492-w. [PMID: 37987983 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03492-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Novel fluorescent probes were constructed for the convenient and rapid analysis of Cu2+ ions, taking advantages of the the triphenylamine backbone as chromophore and acylhydrazone group as the Cu2+ recognition site. Especially, probe T2 could act as a dual-channel probe towards Cu2+ through both fluorescent and colorimetric method. Through the fluorescent method, the detection limit of probe T2 was calculated to be as low as 90 nmol/L and there was a good linear relationship between the intensity change and the concentration of Cu2+ ions. By virtue of the two-phase liquid-liquid extraction method, probe T2 could be successfully applied in practical extraction and separation of Cu2+. Furthermore, by applying a "turn-off-turn-on" circle, compound T2 could act as a sensitive probe towards S2- anions through the indirect approach and the detection limit of complex T2-Cu2+ for S2- anion was found to be 110 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Jinbo Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
| | - Wangnan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, China
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11
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Samanta S, Lai K, Wu F, Liu Y, Cai S, Yang X, Qu J, Yang Z. Xanthene, cyanine, oxazine and BODIPY: the four pillars of the fluorophore empire for super-resolution bioimaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7197-7261. [PMID: 37743716 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00905f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In the realm of biological research, the invention of super-resolution microscopy (SRM) has enabled the visualization of ultrafine sub-cellular structures and their functions in live cells at the nano-scale level, beyond the diffraction limit, which has opened up a new window for advanced biomedical studies to unravel the complex unknown details of physiological disorders at the sub-cellular level with unprecedented resolution and clarity. However, most of the SRM techniques are highly reliant on the personalized special photophysical features of the fluorophores. In recent times, there has been an unprecedented surge in the development of robust new fluorophore systems with personalized features for various super-resolution imaging techniques. To date, xanthene, cyanine, oxazine and BODIPY cores have been authoritatively utilized as the basic fluorophore units in most of the small-molecule-based organic fluorescent probe designing strategies for SRM owing to their excellent photophysical characteristics and easy synthetic acquiescence. Since the future of next-generation SRM studies will be decided by the availability of advanced fluorescent probes and these four fluorescent building blocks will play an important role in progressive new fluorophore design, there is an urgent need to review the recent advancements in designing fluorophores for different SRM methods based on these fluorescent dye cores. This review article not only includes a comprehensive discussion about the recent developments in designing fluorescent probes for various SRM techniques based on these four important fluorophore building blocks with special emphasis on their effective integration into live cell super-resolution bio-imaging applications but also critically evaluates the background of each of the fluorescent dye cores to highlight their merits and demerits towards developing newer fluorescent probes for SRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Samanta
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Kaitao Lai
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Feihu Wu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Songtao Cai
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Xusan Yang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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12
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Hao HC, Zhang G, Sun R, Xu YJ, Ge JF. Multiple organelle-targeted 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives for detecting the polarity of organelles. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37401500 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00601h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Four 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives (1a-1d) with different organelle targeting abilities were obtained using the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of 1,8-naphthyridine with 4-(N,N-diethylamino)benzaldehyde (2a), 4-(N,N-diphenylamino)benzaldehyde (2b), 4-(piperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde (2c) and 4-(ethyl(4-formylphenyl)amino)-N-(2-((4-methylphenyl)sulfonamido)ethyl)butanamide (2d), respectively. The maximal absorption bands of dyes 1a-1d were observed at 375-447 nm, while their maximum emission peaks were situated at 495-605 nm. The optical properties showed that the fluorescence emission of dyes 1a-1d is shifted toward greater wavelengths as the system polarity (Δf) increased. Meanwhile, with increasing polarity of the mixed 1,4-dioxane/H2O system, the fluorescence intensity of dyes 1a-1d gradually decreased. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity of 1a-1d enhanced by 12-239 fold as the polarity of 1,4-dioxane/H2O mixtures declined. 1a-1d had a large Stokes shift (up to 229 nm) in polar solvents in comparison to nonpolar solvents. The colocalization imaging experiments demonstrated that dyes 1a-1d (3-10 μM) were located in mitochondria, lipid droplets, lysosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum in living HeLa cells, respectively; and they could monitor the polarity fluctuation of the corresponding organelles. Consequently, this work proposes a molecular design idea with different organelle targeting capabilities based on the same new fluorophore, and this molecular design idea may provide more alternatives for polarity-sensitive fluorescent probes with organelle targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ru Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yu-Jie Xu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian-Feng Ge
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, China
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13
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Lin B, Li Z, Zan Q, Fan L, Shu Y, Wang J. A fluorescent probe for lipid droplet polarity imaging with low viscosity crosstalk. Analyst 2023. [PMID: 37318022 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00551h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the variations of lipid droplet (LD) polarity is of great significance for the investigation of LD-related cellular metabolism and function. We hereby report a lipophilic fluorescent probe (BTHO) with the feature of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) for imaging the LD polarity in living cells. BTHO exhibits an obvious attenuation of fluorescence emission in response to the increase of environmental polarity. The linear response range of BTHO to polarity (ε, the dielectric constant of solvents) is derived to be 2.21-24.40, and the fluorescence of BTHO in glyceryl trioleate falls in this range. Furthermore, BTHO has high molecular brightness, which may effectively improve the signal to noise ratio, along with the decrease of phototoxicity. BTHO exhibits excellent photostability and targeting capability to LDs with low cytotoxicity, which is satisfactory in long-term imaging in live cells. The probe was successfully applied for imaging LD polarity variation in live cells caused by oleic acid (OA), methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), H2O2, starvation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), nystatin, and erastin. The low crosstalk caused by viscosity to BTHO measuring the LD polarity was confirmed from a calculation result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Zhenru Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Qi Zan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
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14
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Pei S, Li H, Li J, Liu Y, Zhang G, Shi L, Liang W, Zhang C, Shuang S, Dong C. Synthesis of a Red-Emitting Polarity-Sensitive Fluorescent Probe Based on ICT and Visualization for Lipid Droplet Dynamic Processes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37243606 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal lipid droplets (LDs) have been recognized as critical factors in many diseases because they are metabolically active and dynamic organelles. Visualization for LD dynamic processes is fundamental for elucidating the relationship of LDs and related diseases. Herein, a red-emitting polarity-sensitive fluorescent probe (TPA-CYP) based on intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) was proposed, which was constructed by employing triphenylamine (TPA) and 2-(5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohex-1-ylidene)propanedinitrile (CYP) as electron donor and acceptor moiety, respectively. The spectra results underlined the excellent characteristics of TPA-CYP, such as high polarity sensitivity (Δf = 0.209 to 0.312), strong solvatochromic effect (λem 595-699 nm), and the large Stokes shifts (174 nm). Moreover, TPA-CYP exhibited a specific ability to target LDs and effectively differentiated cancer cells and normal cells. Surprisingly, TPA-CYP had been successfully applied to dynamic tracking of LDs, not only in inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the process of oxidative stress, but also in live zebrafish. We believe that TPA-CYP could serve as a powerful tool to gain insight into the dynamics of LDs and to understand and diagnose LD-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizeng Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiale Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Guomei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenting Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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15
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Wang K, Jiao Y, Ma Q, Shu W, Xiao H, Zhang T, Liu Y. Construction and Application of a New Polarity‐Sensitive Fluorescent Probe Based on the Excited‐State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Mechanism. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Yawen Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Haibin Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
| | - Yuying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 P. R. China
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16
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Yuan D, Pan K, Xu S, Wang L. Dual-Channel Recognition of Human Serum Albumin and Glutathione by Fluorescent Probes with Site-Dependent Responsive Features. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12391-12397. [PMID: 36048720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Design of chemical probes with high specificity and responses are particularly intriguing. In this work, a fluorescent probe (M-OH-SO3) with dual-channel spectral responses toward human serum albumin (HSA) is presented. By employing dinitrobenzenesulfonate as a recognition site as well as a fluorescence quencher, probe M-OH-SO3 displayed weak fluorescence, which, nevertheless, exhibits extensive yellow (575 nm) and red (660 nm) fluorescence emissions toward HSA under excitations at 400 and 500 nm, respectively. Interestingly, M-OH-SO3 displayed the best performance toward HSA with distinctly higher selectivity than that of its counterparts M-SO3, M-H-SO3, and M-F-SO3, which were prepared simply by modulating the functional group at the ortho position of the dicyanoisophorone core. Molecular docking results revealed that M-OH-SO3 possesses the lowest binding energy among the tested derivatives and accordingly the strongest binding affinity. Probe M-OH-SO3 showed a good linear relationship toward HSA in a range of 0.5-18 μM with a limit of detection of 35 nM. Cell imaging results demonstrated that probe M-OH-SO3 could visualize the variation HSA levels in hepatocarcinoma cells. In addition, probe M-OH-SO3 could also be employed for the recognition of glutathione through the cleavage of the dinitrobenzenesulfonate group along with an enhancement of emission at 575 nm. The site-dependent properties inspired a novel paradigm for design of fluorescent probes with optimized selectivity and responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Suying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Leyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhang N, Wang S, Zan Q, Wang X, Yang Q, Yu X, Dong C, Fan L. A lipid droplet-targetable and biothiol-sensitive fluorescent probe for the diagnosis of cancer cells/tissues. Analyst 2022; 147:1695-1701. [PMID: 35332355 DOI: 10.1039/d2an00030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) have recently been reported as an attractive target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, owing to their special structure or microenvironment changes in cancer development and resistance. However, the relationship between the biothiol level of LDs and cancer is still poorly understood, partially owing to the absence of effective molecular tools. Herein, we developed a LD-targetable and biothiol-sensitive fluorescent probe, BTDA-RSS, by introducing 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (DNBS) as the biothiol reaction group into a benzothiazolyl derivative. BTDA-RSS displayed a marked and rapid fluorescence turn-on response toward biothiols, due to the biothiol-triggered cleavage of DNBS to yield the highly fluorescent benzothiazolyl iminocoumarin BTDA. In addition, the probe shows significant LD-targetable ability, and has been applied for imaging endogenous/exogenous biothiol changes in LDs. Importantly, BTDA-RSS has successfully been utilized to distinguish cancerous cells/tissues from normal cells/tissues with excellent contrast. Surprisingly, we demonstrated for the first time the visualization of LD biothiols in surgical specimens from cancer patients, thereby holding great potential for the application of BTDA-RSS in the clinical diagnosis of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shuohang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Zan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.
| | - Xue Yu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, P. R. China.
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P. R. China.
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18
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Wu X, Wang X, Li Y, Kong F, Xu K, Li L, Tang B. A Near-Infrared Probe for Specific Imaging of Lipid Droplets in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4881-4888. [PMID: 35274928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are involved in various physiological processes and associated with cancer development, and are regarded as a potential tumor marker for cancer diagnosis. Monitoring LDs is of prior importance to understand their involvement in biological mechanisms and the early detection of cancers. Highly sensitive and specific noninvasive fluorescent probes are particularly desirable for imaging LDs and cancer diagnosis. Herein, according to the high-viscosity and low-polarity microenvironment in LDs, we developed four easily prepared LDs-specific probes based on noncharged merocyanines. Among them, LD-1 absorbs and emits in the near-infrared (NIR) region with a large Stokes shift. Importantly, LD-1 displayed high sensitivity to high viscosity and low polarity, which allowed it to show high LDs-targeting ability. In cell imaging, LD-1 successfully probed the changes in LDs in the presence of oleic acid or during ferroptosis and was used to distinguish cancer cells from normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanpeng Kong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehua Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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19
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Jing Y, Liu G, Zhang C, Yu B, Sun J, Lin D, Qu J. Lipophilic Red-Emitting Carbon Dots for Detecting and Tracking Lipid Droplets in Live Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1187-1193. [PMID: 35195413 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs), a dynamic organelle, are of vital importance in regulating the storage of neutral lipids and energy homeostasis. The aberrant expression of LDs is found to be highly associated with diverse metabolic diseases. Thus, detecting and monitoring LDs are essential to study the pathological and physiological processes of LDs in living bodies. However, it remains challenging to obtain suitable imaging probes to track LDs in vivo. Fortunately, the emergence of carbon dots (CDs), which are fluorescent nanomaterials with good biocompatibility and high stability, has provided us an unprecedented choice. In this work, CDs were synthesized via a solvothermal treatment of commercial reagents, 3-dimethylaminophenol. Interestingly, the prepared CDs show an intense red emission in non-hydrogen-bonding solution and have strong LD-targeting ability without any postmodification of ligands. Moreover, due to their low phototoxicity and excellent photostability, CDs were successfully applied to track the dynamics of LDs in live cells and image LDs in different cell lines and lipid-rich tissues. Overall, this work here proposed an LD-specific red-emitting CD probe, which will be of great value for learning more about LD-associated behaviors and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jing
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Center for Biomedical Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guoyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
| | - Chenshuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Center for Biomedical Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Center for Biomedical Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
| | - Danying Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Center for Biomedical Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Center for Biomedical Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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20
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Wu CJ, Li XY, Zhu T, Zhao M, Song Z, Li S, Shan GG, Niu G. Exploiting the Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Effect to Construct a Wash-Free Solvatochromic Fluorescent Lipid Droplet Probe for Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3881-3887. [PMID: 35192331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The prominent pathological feature of fatty liver disease lesions is excessive fat accumulation in lipid droplets in hepatocytes. Thus, developing fluorescent lipid droplet-specific probes with high permeability and a high imaging contrast provides a robust tool for diagnosing fatty liver diseases. Herein, we rationally developed a novel donor-acceptor lipophilic fluorescent probe ANI with high photostability for wash-free visualization of lipid droplets and fatty liver disease characteristics. ANI showed a typical twisted intramolecular charge transfer effect with very faint fluorescence in high-polar solvents, but dramatically boosted emissions in low-polar environments. The solvatochromic probe can selectively light up lipid droplets with a high contrast in a wash-free manner. Further use of ANI to reveal the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets with a significantly large size in the liver tissues from the fatty liver disease model mice was successfully demonstrated. The remarkable imaging performances rendered ANI an alternative tool for accurately evaluating fatty liver disease in intraoperative diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Juan Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Mengying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoyue Song
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Li
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Gang Shan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry and National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Guangle Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China.,Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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21
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Krämer J, Kang R, Grimm LM, De Cola L, Picchetti P, Biedermann F. Molecular Probes, Chemosensors, and Nanosensors for Optical Detection of Biorelevant Molecules and Ions in Aqueous Media and Biofluids. Chem Rev 2022; 122:3459-3636. [PMID: 34995461 PMCID: PMC8832467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors used in combination with innovative assay protocols hold great potential for the development of robust, low-cost, and fast-responding sensors that are applicable in biofluids (urine, blood, and saliva). Particularly, the development of sensors for metabolites, neurotransmitters, drugs, and inorganic ions is highly desirable due to a lack of suitable biosensors. In addition, the monitoring and analysis of metabolic and signaling networks in cells and organisms by optical probes and chemosensors is becoming increasingly important in molecular biology and medicine. Thus, new perspectives for personalized diagnostics, theranostics, and biochemical/medical research will be unlocked when standing limitations of artificial binders and receptors are overcome. In this review, we survey synthetic sensing systems that have promising (future) application potential for the detection of small molecules, cations, and anions in aqueous media and biofluids. Special attention was given to sensing systems that provide a readily measurable optical signal through dynamic covalent chemistry, supramolecular host-guest interactions, or nanoparticles featuring plasmonic effects. This review shall also enable the reader to evaluate the current performance of molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors in terms of sensitivity and selectivity with respect to practical requirement, and thereby inspiring new ideas for the development of further advanced systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Krämer
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Rui Kang
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Laura M. Grimm
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Dipartimento
DISFARM, University of Milano, via Camillo Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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22
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Yang X, Zhang D, Ye Y, Zhao Y. Recent advances in multifunctional fluorescent probes for viscosity and analytes. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Pei S, Li J, Kang N, Zhang G, Zhang B, Zhang C, Shuang S. Synthesis of a new environment-sensitive fluorescent probe based on TICT and application for detection of human serum albumin and specific lipid droplets imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1190:339267. [PMID: 34857148 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Environment-sensitive fluorescent probes have always been as forceful tools to understand the pathophysiological processes of relevant diseases. In this work, a new fluorescent probe with typical D-π-A structure was designed and showed high sensitivity to polarity and viscosity changes. DPAR could selectively detect human serum albumin (HSA) with turn-on orange emission in aqueous PBS buffer (pH 7.4), which showed advantages such as rapid response (4 min), high sensitivity (LOD 0.98 μg/mL). Therefore, it was successfully used for achieving HSA levels in urine samples and HSA imaging in HeLa cells. DPAR also exhibited the capability to recognize the cancer cells over the normal cells by lower polarity guided lipid droplets (LDs) imaging (in green emission channel). The detection mechanism for HSA and cancer diagnosis was convinced that DPAR encountered the lower-polarity and higher-viscosity microenvironment, resulting in the confinement of the TICT process and intramolecular rotation. These facts showed that DPAR had good application prospects in environment-related biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizeng Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jiale Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Na Kang
- School of Engineering, Yanching Institute of Technology, Sanhe, 065200, China.
| | - Guomei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Huayang New Material Technology Group Co., Ltd., Yangquan, 045000, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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24
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Feng S, Liu Y, Li Q, Gui Z, Feng G. Two Water-Soluble and Wash-Free Fluorogenic Probes for Specific Lighting Up Cancer Cell Membranes and Tumors. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1601-1607. [PMID: 35015515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The construction of microenvironment-sensitive probes with good cell membrane-targetability can reveal the fundamental properties of cell membranes. Herein, two polarity-sensitive probes, termed MEMs were reported for the first time to specifically light up cancer cell membranes. Both probes were designed with tetrahydroquinoxaline coumarin amide as the fluorophore, and quaternary ammonium groups were appended to increase water solubility and target cell membranes. In vitro studies showed that the fluorescence of both probes displayed strong polarity dependence and had a wide linear range to polarity (Δf). MEMs also displayed excellent cell membrane targeting ability and could long-term light up cell membranes with red fluorescence and a wash-free process. More excitingly, MEMs could specifically light up cancer cell membranes, revealing that cancer cells might have lower cell membrane polarity than normal cells. In vivo studies showed that MEMs could also effectively distinguish tumors from normal tissues. Overall, this work has not only developed two polarity-sensitive probes with good cell membrane targetability, but also provided new insights and methods for an in-depth understanding of cancer cells and cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhisheng Gui
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guoqiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
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25
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Liu B, Lv T, Zhao X, Zhou M, Song C, Zeng C, Qin T, Xu Z. Fluorescence discrimination of HSA from BSA: A close look at the albumin-induced restricted intramolecular rotation of flavonoid probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120306. [PMID: 34461524 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Discrimination of human serum albumin (HSA) from bovine serum albumin (BSA) based on the fluorescence probe technique is still challenging due to similar chemical structures. In this work, a novel flavonoid-based fluorescent probe AF is reported for successful discrimination of HSA from BSA. The sensing performances of probe, including sensing dynamic, sensitivity and selectivity, have been carefully studied. Moreover, sensing mechanism was elucidated by Job's plot, displacement experiment, and molecular docking, suggesting that the specific response to HSA originated from the albumin-induced restricted intramolecular rotation (RIR) of probe. This work may provide a simple way for designing of novel probes for HSA with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Taoyuze Lv
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Xiongfei Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Mei Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Chao Song
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Conghui Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Tianyi Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Zhongyong Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
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Liu M, Cao J, Huang C, Zhang M, Li Y, Wang C. A novel near-infrared fluorescent probe based on triphenylamine derivatives for the rapid and sensitive detection of heparin. Analyst 2022; 147:3504-3513. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00254j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a positively charged near-infrared fluorescent probe (TPA-P+) was constructed by connecting a pyridine cation with triphenylamine and successfully used for the detection of heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201600, P. R. China
| | - Jian Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201600, P. R. China
| | - Cuiping Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201600, P. R. China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201600, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201600, P. R. China
| | - Chuanxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201600, P. R. China
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27
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Pei S, Li J, Zhang C, Zhang G, Zhou Y, Fan L, Wang W, Shuang S, Dong C. TICT-Based Microenvironment-Sensitive Probe with Turn-on Red Emission for Human Serum Albumin Detection and for Targeting Lipid Droplet Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:253-260. [PMID: 34866386 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes sensitive to microenvironment have always been fascinating due to their tremendous advantages in tracking changes in the pathophysiological microenvironment and potential application in the early diagnosis of related diseases. In this study, a fluorescent luminogen, triphenylamine-thiophene-rhodanine (TPA-TRDN), with high sensitivity to changes in polarity and viscosity was designed and could be applied to detecting human serum albumin (HSA) in actual urine, as well as lipid droplets (LDs) in cells and in vivo with turn-on red emission. TPA-TRDN could selectively detect HSA with fast response (10 min), superior sensitivity (LOD 0.34 μg/mL, about 60-fold fluorescence enhancement), and wide detection range (0.00-0.30 mg/mL). The detection mechanism was demonstrated: TPA-TRDN encountered the hydrophobic IB domain of HSA, leading to the inhibition of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) phenomenon and intramolecular rotation. Moreover, TPA-TRDN demonstrated satisfactory ability to identify cancer cells and noncancer cells by microenvironment-guided specific LD bioimaging. This evidence indicated that TPA-TRDN has promising application in the microenvironment-related biomedical field and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizeng Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiale Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Guomei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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28
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Yin J, Huang L, Wu L, Li J, James TD, Lin W. Small molecule based fluorescent chemosensors for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12098-12150. [PMID: 34550134 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment (local environment), including viscosity, temperature, polarity, hypoxia, and acidic-basic status (pH), plays indispensable roles in cellular processes. Significantly, organelles require an appropriate microenvironment to perform their specific physiological functions, and disruption of the microenvironmental homeostasis could lead to malfunctions of organelles, resulting in disorder and disease development. Consequently, monitoring the microenvironment within specific organelles is vital to understand organelle-related physiopathology. Over the past few years, many fluorescent probes have been developed to help reveal variations in the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Given that a comprehensive understanding of the microenvironment in a particular cellular region is of great significance for further exploration of life events, a thorough summary of this topic is urgently required. However, there has not been a comprehensive and critical review published recently on small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors for the cellular microenvironment. With this review, we summarize the recent progress since 2015 towards small-molecule based fluorescent probes for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions, including the mitochondria, lysosomes, lipid drops, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi, nucleus, cytoplasmic matrix and cell membrane. Further classifications at the suborganelle level, according to detection of microenvironmental factors by probes, including polarity, viscosity, temperature, pH and hypoxia, are presented. Notably, in each category, design principles, chemical synthesis, recognition mechanism, fluorescent signals, and bio-imaging applications are summarized and compared. In addition, the limitations of the current microenvironment-sensitive probes are analyzed and the prospects for future developments are outlined. In a nutshell, this review comprehensively summarizes and highlights recent progress towards small molecule based fluorescent probes for sensing and imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions since 2015. We anticipate that this summary will facilitate a deeper understanding of the topic and encourage research directed towards the development of probes for the detection of cellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Han J, Zhang L, Cui M, Su Y, He Y. Rapid and Accurate Detection of Lymph Node Metastases Enabled through Fluorescent Silicon Nanoparticles-Based Exosome Probes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10122-10131. [PMID: 34255475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cancer metastasis. Herein, we introduce silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs)-based exosome (SiNPs@EXO) probes for distinguishing normal and metastatic SLNs. Typically, SiNPs are suitable for stable and long-term tracking of exosomes, while cancer cell-driven exosomes with a tumor-homing effect allow targeting metastatic SLNs. Remarkably, the as-fabricated SiNPs@EXO has the ability to label metastatic SLNs, i.e., the fluorescence signal in SLNs reaches the peak within 0.5 h and remains up to 3 h. Comparatively, SLN tracers (e.g., indocyanine green) used clinically can illuminate SLNs 1 h post injection, whereas the signal witnesses a sharp fall then. Moreover, evaluations based on preclinical data confirm the negligible side effects of the SiNPs@EXO. Our results provide new tools for targeting SLNs and predicting lymphatic metastasis of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Han
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Mingyue Cui
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Yao He
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biochemical Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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30
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Fan L, Wang X, Zan Q, Fan L, Li F, Yang Y, Zhang C, Shuang S, Dong C. Lipid Droplet-Specific Fluorescent Probe for In Vivo Visualization of Polarity in Fatty Liver, Inflammation, and Cancer Models. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8019-8026. [PMID: 34037378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the intrinsic relationship between diseases and lipid droplet (LD) polarity remains a great challenge owing to the lack of the research on multiple disease models. Until now, the visualization of abnormal LD polarity in models of inflammation and clinical cancer patient samples has not been achieved. To meet the urgent challenge, we facilely synthesized a robust LD-specific and polarity-sensitive fluorescent probe (LD-TTP), which consists of a triphenylamine segment as an electron-donor group (D) and a pyridinium as an electron-acceptor moiety (A), forming a typical D-π-A molecular configuration. Owing to the unique intramolecular charge transfer effect, LD-TTP exhibits high sensitivity to polarity change in the linear range from Δf = 0.258 to 0.312, with over 278-fold fluorescence enhancement. Moreover, we revealed that LD-TTP possessed satisfactory ability for sensitively monitoring LD-polarity changes in living cells. Using LD-TTP, we first demonstrated the detection of LD-polarity changes in fatty liver tissues and inflammatory living mice via confocal laser scanning fluorescence imaging. Surprisingly, the visualization of LD polarity has been achieved not only at the cellular levels and living organs but also in surgical specimens from cancer patients, thus holding great potential in the clinical diagnosis of human cancer. All these features render LD-TTP an effective tool for medical diagnosis of LD polarity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Yongming Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
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31
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Kang N, Pei S, Zhang C, Zhang G, Zhou Y, Fan L, Yao Q, Wang W, Shuang S, Dong C. A red emitting fluorescent probe based on TICT for selective detection and imaging of HSA. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119409. [PMID: 33422865 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A red emitting fluorescence probe, TPA-CPO, based on twisted intra-molecular charge transfer (TICT) was designed and synthesized. The spectra results displayed that TPA-CPO could sense HSA with excellent properties including significant fluorescence enhancement, long emission wavelength, large stokes shift, and wide linear range. The recognition mechanism was proved that TPA-CPO could bind to domain IB of HSA and its TICT process was suppressed by utilizing hydrophobic cavity and low polarity of HSA. TPA-CPO bind to domain IB instead of common drug sites of HSA could effectively avoid interference from most drugs. The selective response of TPA-CPO allowed quantitative detection of HSA with sensitivity limit of 13.65 µg/mL. What's more, it successfully achieved HSA imaging in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shizeng Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Guomei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - QingJia Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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32
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Samanta S, Huang M, Li S, Yang Z, He Y, Gu Z, Zhang J, Zhang D, Liu L, Qu J. AIE-active two-photon fluorescent nanoprobe with NIR-II light excitability for highly efficient deep brain vasculature imaging. Theranostics 2021; 11:2137-2148. [PMID: 33500716 PMCID: PMC7797691 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation induced emission (AIE)-active bright two-photon fluorescent probes with second near-infrared (NIR-II) light excitability can be used for efficient brain bioimaging studies, wherein the fabrication of water-dispersible nanoparticles by encapsulating the hydrophobic probes with amphiphilic polymer holds the key to ensuring biocompatibility and in vivo adaptability. However, barely any study has evaluated the structural requirements that can substantially affect the water-dispersible nanoparticle formation ability of an organic AIE-active dye with amphiphilic polymers. The present study systematically assessed the structural dependency of a well-known acrylonitrile based AIE system/fluorogenic core upon the formation of water-dispersible nanoparticles and elucidated how the structural modifications can impact the in vivo two-photon imaging. Methods: A total of four acrylonitrile-based aggregation induced emission (AIE)-active two-photon (TP) fluorescent probes (AIETP, AIETP C1, AIETP C2 and AIETP C3) have been judiciously designed and synthesized with structural variations to realize how the structural alterations could substantially influence the water-dispersible nanoparticle formation ability (with amphiphilic polymers) and photo-stability to impact the in vivo imaging. Results: It has been found that the incorporation of the phenyl-thiazole unit in AIETP, AIETP C2 and AIETP C3 facilitated the formation of water-dispersible nanoparticles (NPs) with amphiphilic polymers (Pluronic F127) whereas the presence of only phenyl moiety instead in AIETP C1 could not meet the suitable condition to form the NPs with good aqueous dispersibility. Rationally designed AIETP NPs that exhibited higher brightness, improved photostability and good two-photon absorption cross section was successfully employed for in vivo brain vasculature imaging. Conclusions: Robust noninvasive 2D and 3D two-photon (NIR-II light, 1040 nm) brain vasculature imaging with beneficial attributes such as outstanding penetration depth (800 µm) and exceptional spatial resolution (1.92 µm), were achieved by utilizing AIETP NPs in this study.
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34
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Qi YL, Guo L, Chen LL, Yuan DD, Wang HR, Cao YY, Yang YS, Zhu HL. Two birds with one stone: a NIR fluorescent probe for mitochondrial protein imaging and its application in photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6068-6075. [PMID: 34286809 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial proteins, most of which are encoded in the nucleus and the rest of which are regulated by the mitochondrial genome, play pivotal roles in essential cellular functions. However, fluorescent probes that can be used for monitoring mitochondrial proteins have not yet been widely developed, thereby severely limiting the exploration of the functions of proteins in mitochondria. Towards this end, here we propose a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe MPP to effectively illuminate the dynamic changes in mitochondrial proteins in live cells under oxidative stress, with excellent temporal and spatial resolution. Of particular importance, MPP extends the study of the pharmacology involved in apoptosis induced by anti-cancer drugs (hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), epirubicin (Epi) and cyclophosphamide (CPA)) for the first time. Furthermore, employing a protein-activatable strategy, this probe could serve as an excellent phototherapeutic agent in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Finally, in vivo experiments suggest that this versatile probe can be used to image tumors in HeLa tumor-bearing mice for 24 h, which demonstrates that our probe could play a dual role as a robust phototherapeutic and imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Long Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Dan-Dan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Yao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
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35
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Abdallah M, Müllertz OO, Styles IK, Mörsdorf A, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR, Trevaskis NL. Lymphatic targeting by albumin-hitchhiking: Applications and optimisation. J Control Release 2020; 327:117-128. [PMID: 32771478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays an integral role in the development and progression of a range of disease conditions, which has impelled medical researchers and clinicians to design, develop and utilize advanced lymphatic drug delivery systems. Following interstitial administration, most therapeutics and molecules are cleared from tissues via the draining blood capillaries. Macromolecules and delivery systems >20 kDa in size or 10-100 nm in diameter are, however, transported from the interstitium via draining lymphatic vessels as they are too large to cross the blood capillary endothelium. Lymphatic uptake of small molecules can be promoted by two general approaches: administration in association with synthetic macromolecular constructs, or through hitchhiking on endogenous cells or macromolecular carriers that are transported from tissues via the lymphatics. In this paper we review the latter approach where molecules are targeted to lymph by hitchhiking on endogenous albumin transport pathways after subcutaneous, intramuscular or intradermal injection. We describe the properties of the lymphatic system and albumin that are relevant to lymphatic targeting, the characteristics of drugs and delivery systems designed to hitchhike on albumin trafficking pathways and how to further optimise these properties, and finally the current applications and potential future directions for albumin-hitchhiking approaches to target the lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abdallah
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Olivia O Müllertz
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ian K Styles
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Alexander Mörsdorf
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John F Quinn
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natalie L Trevaskis
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Australia.
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