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Dong T, Zhu W, Yang Z, Matos Pires NM, Lin Q, Jing W, Zhao L, Wei X, Jiang Z. Advances in heart failure monitoring: Biosensors targeting molecular markers in peripheral bio-fluids. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116090. [PMID: 38569250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially chronic heart failure, threaten many patients' lives worldwide. Because of its slow course and complex causes, its clinical screening, diagnosis, and prognosis are essential challenges. Clinical biomarkers and biosensor technologies can rapidly screen and diagnose. Multiple types of biomarkers are employed for screening purposes, precise diagnosis, and treatment follow-up. This article provides an up-to-date overview of the biomarkers associated with the six main heart failure etiology pathways. Plasma natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponins (cTnT, cTnl) are still analyzed as gold-standard markers for heart failure. Other complementary biomarkers include growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), circulating Galactose Lectin 3 (Gal-3), soluble interleukin (sST2), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). For these biomarkers, the electrochemical biosensors have exhibited sufficient sensitivity, detection limit, and specificity. This review systematically summarizes the latest molecular biomarkers and sensors for heart failure, which will provide comprehensive and cutting-edge authoritative scientific information for biomedical and electronic-sensing researchers in the field of heart failure, as well as patients. In addition, our proposed future outlook may provide new research ideas for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China; X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China; Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, P.O. Box 235, Kongsberg, 3603, Norway
| | - Wangang Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China; X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Nuno Miguel Matos Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Intelligent Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, School of Mechanical Engincering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Qijing Lin
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Weixuan Jing
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Libo Zhao
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xueyong Wei
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- X Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Faculty of Instrumentation Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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Baradoke A, Jarusaitis A, Reinikovaite V, Jafarov A, Elsakova A, Franckevicius M, Skapas M, Slibinskas R, Drobysh M, Liustrovaite V, Ramanavicius A. Detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein by screen-printed carbon electrodes modified by colloidal gold nanoparticles. Talanta 2024; 268:125279. [PMID: 37857108 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, electrochemical bioanalytical systems for the determination of antibodies against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein (anti-rS) is reported. Environmentally friendly chemicals were applied in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The AuNPs were integrated onto the screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPE), and the biological recognition part was based on recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (rS), which during the immobilization was cross-linked by glutaraldehyde. Immobilized rS protein based biological recognition part enabled selective recognition of anti-rS antibodies. The current flux of AuNPs reduction (at +200 mV) in a pure phosphate buffer (PB) was employed as the transduction signal. It has been reported that the formation of anti-rS layers on the surface of AuNPs delays the electrode response time (ts), tracked at the current flux density values of 80 μA cm-2. Using the AuNP-modified SPE, we demonstrated a rapid anti-rS detection within a detection limit of 2 ng mL-1 (0.125 binding antibody units mL-1, 17 pM). This system can be applied to track the response of immune system towards SARS-CoV-2 infection and monitoring of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ainis Jarusaitis
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Reinikovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Jafarov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alexandra Elsakova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Ravila 19, 50412, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marius Franckevicius
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Martynas Skapas
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Maryia Drobysh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Liustrovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007, Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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3
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Adeniyi KO, Osmanaj B, Manavalan G, Mikkola JP, Berisha A, Tesfalidet S. Reagentless impedimetric immunosensor for monitoring of methotrexate in human blood serum using multiwalled carbon nanotube@polypyrrole/polytyramine film electrode. Talanta 2024; 268:125316. [PMID: 37864856 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Ensuring effective monitoring of methotrexate (MTX) levels in the bloodstream of cancer patients undergoing high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy is crucial to prevent potentially harmful side effects. However, the absence of portable analytical devices suitable for point-of-care bedside monitoring has presented a significant obstacle to achieving real-time MTX monitoring. In this study, we developed an impedimetric immunosensor that doesn't require reagents for measuring MTX levels in undiluted human blood serum. This reagentless approach simplifies the assay process, enabling rapid and straightforward MTX quantification. The immunosensor transducer was fabricated by electrodepositing conductive network of porous multiwalled carbon nanotube@polypyrrole/polytyramine on screen-printed gold microchip electrode (SP-Au/MWCNT70@PPy-PTA). Polyclonal anti-MTX antibodies were immobilized on the film, acting as the immunorecognition element. Non-specific binding was prevented by blocking the transducer interface with denatured bovine serum albumin (dBSA) fibrils, resulting in SP-Au/MWCNT70@PPy-PTA/anti-MTXAb|dBSA film electrode. When MTX binds to the SP-Au/MWCNT70@PPy-PTA/anti-MTXAb|dBSA interface, the film conductance and electron transfer resistance changes. This conductivity attenuation allows for electrochemical impedimetric signal transduction without a redox-probe solution. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results showed increased charge transfer resistance and phase angle as MTX concentrations increased. The SP-Au/MWCNT70@PPy-PTA/anti-MTXAb|dBSA demonstrated high sensitivity, with a linear response from 0.02 to 20.0 μM and a detection limit of 1.93 nM. The detection limit was 50 times lower than the intended safe level of MTX in human serum. The immunosensor exhibited minimal cross-reactivity with endogenous MTX analogs and serum proteins. The SP-Au/MWCNT70@PPy-PTA/anti-MTXAb|dBSA immunosensor presents a simple and rapid method for therapeutic drug monitoring compared to traditional immunoassay systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blerina Osmanaj
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, University of Prishtina, 10000, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
| | | | - Jyri-Pekka Mikkola
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden; Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo-Turku, 20500, Finland
| | - Avni Berisha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prishtina, 10000, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
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Reinikovaite V, Matulevicius M, Elsakova A, Drobysh M, Liustrovaite V, Luksa A, Jafarov A, Slibinskas R, Ramanavicius A, Baradoke A. Electrochemical capacitance spectroscopy based determination of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166447. [PMID: 37604377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we are reporting a novel electrochemical capacitance spectroscopy (ECS) platform designed for the sensitive and label-free detection of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus spike protein (anti-rS) in diluted blood serum. The determination of anti-rS is crucial for identification individuals who have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus and may have acquired immunity. The rS protein was immobilized on a screen-printed carbon electrode, which was incubated in diluted blood serum containing anti-rS antibodies. Label-free ECS was applied for the determination of interaction between immobilized rS and free-standing anti-rS. Here reported bioanalytical platform demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting anti-rS, achieving a limit of detection of 4.38 nM. This versatile platform could be further enhanced by applying various electrode materials and adapting this platform to detect antibodies against some other proteins. Our findings have significant implications for the development of affordable, scalable biosensing platforms capable to provide rapid and accurate public health screening and monitoring, particularly in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Reinikovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Matas Matulevicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alexandra Elsakova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maryia Drobysh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Liustrovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Luksa
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Jafarov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Ravila 19, 50412 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania
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5
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Zilinskaite N, Shukla RP, Baradoke A. Use of 3D Printing Techniques to Fabricate Implantable Microelectrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:315-336. [PMID: 37868357 PMCID: PMC10588936 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This Review provides a comprehensive overview of 3D printing techniques to fabricate implantable microelectrodes for the electrochemical detection of biomarkers in the early diagnosis of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Early diagnosis of these diseases is crucial to improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare systems' burden. Biomarkers serve as measurable indicators of these diseases, and implantable microelectrodes offer a promising tool for their electrochemical detection. Here, we discuss various 3D printing techniques, including stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and two-photon polymerization (2PP), highlighting their advantages and limitations in microelectrode fabrication. We also explore the materials used in constructing implantable microelectrodes, emphasizing their biocompatibility and biodegradation properties. The principles of electrochemical detection and the types of sensors utilized are examined, with a focus on their applications in detecting biomarkers for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we address the current challenges and future perspectives in the field of 3D-printed implantable microelectrodes, emphasizing their potential for improving early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemira Zilinskaite
- Wellcome/Cancer
Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and
Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K.
- Faculty
of Medicine, University of Vilnius, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rajendra P. Shukla
- BIOS
Lab-on-a-Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Max Planck
Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- Wellcome/Cancer
Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and
Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K.
- Faculty
of Medicine, University of Vilnius, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- BIOS
Lab-on-a-Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Max Planck
Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Center for
Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Fraga VM, Lovi IT, Abegão LMG, Mello HJNPD. Understanding the Effect of Deposition Technique on the Structure-Property Relationship of Polyaniline Thin Films Applied in Potentiometric pH Sensor. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3450. [PMID: 37631510 PMCID: PMC10459526 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The comprehension of potentiometric pH sensors with polymeric thin films for new and advanced applications is a constant technological need. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between the sensitivity and correlation coefficient of potentiometric pH sensors and the structure-property relationship of polyaniline thin films. The effect of the deposition method on the sample's properties was evaluated. Galvanostatically electrodeposited and spin-coated polyaniline thin films were used as the sensing stage. Samples were electrodeposited with a current density of 0.5 mA/cm2 for 300, 600, and 1200 s and were spin coated for 60 s with an angular velocity of 500, 1000, and 2000 rpm. The electrodeposited set of films presented higher average sensitivity, 73.4 ± 1.3 mV/pH, compared to the spin-coated set, 59.2 ± 2.5 mV/pH. The electrodeposited films presented higher sensitivity due to their morphology, characterized by a larger roughness and thickness compared to spin-coated ones, favoring the potentiometric response. Also, their oxidation state, evaluated with cyclic voltammetry and UV-VIS spectroscopy, corroborates their sensing performance. The understanding of the structure-property relationship of the polymeric films affecting the pH detection is discussed based on the characteristics of the deposition method used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius M. Fraga
- Materials Physics Group, Physics Institute, Goiás Federal University, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (V.M.F.); (I.T.L.)
| | - Isabela T. Lovi
- Materials Physics Group, Physics Institute, Goiás Federal University, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (V.M.F.); (I.T.L.)
| | - Luis M. G. Abegão
- Photonics Group, Physics Institute, Goiás Federal University, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil
| | - Hugo J. N. P. D. Mello
- Materials Physics Group, Physics Institute, Goiás Federal University, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil; (V.M.F.); (I.T.L.)
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Zhou L, Kato F, Iijima M, Nonaka T, Kuroda S, Ogi H. Mass-Fabrication Scheme of Highly Sensitive Wireless Electrodeless MEMS QCM Biosensor with Antennas on Inner Walls of Microchannel. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5507-5513. [PMID: 36961992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Quartz-crystal-microbalance (QCM) biosensor is a typical label-free biosensor, and its sensitivity can be greatly improved by removing electrodes and wires that would be otherwise attached to the surfaces of the quartz resonator. The wireless-electrodeless QCM biosensor was then developed using a microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) process, although challenges remain in the sensitivity, the coupling efficiency, and the miniaturization (or mass production). In this study, we establish a MEMS process to obtain a large number of identical ultrasensitive and highly efficient sensor chips with dimensions of 6 mm square. The fundamental shear resonance frequency of the thinned AT-cut quartz resonator packaged in the microchannel exceeds 160 MHz, which is excited by antennas deposited on inner walls of the microchannel, significantly improving the electro-mechanical coupling efficiency in the wireless operation. The high sensitivity of the developed MEMS QCM biosensors is confirmed by the immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection using protein A and ZZ-tag displaying a bionanocapsule (ZZ-BNC), where we find that the ZZ-BNC can provide more effective binding sites and higher affinity to the target molecules, indicating a further enhancement in the sensitivity of the MEMS QCM biosensor. We then perform the label-free C-reactive protein (CRP) detection using the ZZ-BNC-functionalized MEMS QCM biosensor, which achieves a detection limit of 1 ng mL-1 or less even with direct detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjie Zhou
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fumihito Kato
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology, Gakuendai 4-1, Miyashiro-machi, Minamisaitama, Saitama 345-8501, Japan
| | - Masumi Iijima
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakuragaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nonaka
- Samco Inc., Waraya-cho 36, Takeda, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8443, Japan
| | - Shun'ichi Kuroda
- SANKEN, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ogi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Kang S, Sharafeldin M, Patrick SC, Chen X, Davis JJ. Ultrafast Biomarker Quantification through Reagentless Capacitive Kinetics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4721-4727. [PMID: 36856747 PMCID: PMC10018454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a facile assessment of binding kinetics at bioreceptive redox-active interfaces as a means of quantifying target proteins. This is achieved by monitoring the redox capacitance (Cr) of a receptor-modified conductive polymer interface under continuous flow. Exemplified with the quantification of C-reactive protein (CRP), capacitance analyses resolve both the association and dissociation regimes in real-time. Significantly, the rate of electrochemical signal change within the association regime is a sensitive function of target concentration, enabling marker assaying down to picomolar levels, comparable to end-point assays, in 15 s. This reagentless proof-of-principle methodology is envisioned to be widely applicable to the facile quantification of a range of other pertinent, clinically relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sophie C Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xuanxiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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9
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Drobysh M, Ramanavicius A, Baradoke A. Polyaniline-based electrochemical immunosensor for the determination of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160700. [PMID: 36493838 PMCID: PMC9726207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report an impedimetric system for the detection of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein. The sensing platform is based on recombinant Spike protein (SCoV2-rS) immobilized on the phytic acid doped polyaniline films (PANI-PA). The affinity interaction between immobilized SCoV2-rS protein and antibodies in the physiological range of concentrations was registered by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Analytical parameters of the sensing platform were tuned by the variation of electropolymerization times during the synthesis of PANI-PA films. The lowest limit of detection and quantification were obtained for electropolymerization time of 20 min and equalled 8.00 ± 0.20 nM and 23.93 ± 0.60 nM with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 3 nM. The presented sensing system is label-free and suitable for the direct detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in real patient serum samples after coronavirus disease 2019 and/or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryia Drobysh
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio ave. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania; NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio ave. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania; NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio ave. 3, Vilnius, Lithuania
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10
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Huang Y, Wu H, Xie N, Zhang X, Zou Z, Deng M, Cheng W, Guo X, Ding S, Guo B. Conductive Antifouling Sensing Coating: A Bionic Design Inspired by Natural Cell Membrane. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202790. [PMID: 36709050 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Constructing antifouling coatings for biosensing interfaces is a major hurdle in driving their practical application. Inspired by the excellent antifouling properties of natural cell membranes, a conductive biomimetic antifouling interface coating is proposed, which highly mimics the excellent antifouling properties of biofilms while overcoming the low conductivity defects of conventional coatings. Polyethylene glycol-Au gel is selected as the support structure and electron transfer layer, on which phospholipids and ampholytes are applied to construct a hydration layer for antifouling. The coating maintains promisingly low adsorption in biological matrices such as whole blood, serum, and urine, and has been utilized to construct multimodal clinical assay systems that provide favorable concordance with clinical results. Thus, this conductive bio-coating breaks the last barrier of biosensors toward practical applications and possesses extremely significant application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ning Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Zhenyang Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637000, China
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11
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Rossignatti BC, Vieira AP, Barbosa MS, Abegão LMG, Mello HJNPD. Thin Films of Polyaniline-Based Nanocomposites with CeO 2 and WO 3 Metal Oxides Applied to the Impedimetric and Capacitive Transducer Stages in Chemical Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030578. [PMID: 36771879 PMCID: PMC9920537 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a recognized need for the development of cost-effective, stable, fast, and optimized novel materials for technological applications. Substantial research has been undertaken on the role of polymeric nanocomposites in sensing applications. However, the use of PANI-based nanocomposites in impedimetric and capacitive electrochemical sensors has yet to be understood. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between the sensitivity and linearity of electrochemical pH sensors and the composition of nanocomposites. Thin films of PANI/CeO2 and PANI/WO3 were deposited via spin coating for characterization and application during the electrochemical impedance and capacitance spectroscopy (EIS and ECS) transduction stages. The findings showed that the optimized performance of the devices was extended not only to the sensitivity but also to the linearity. An increase of 213% in the ECS sensitivity of the PANI/CeO2 compared to the metal oxide and an increase of 64% in the ECS linearity of the PANI/WO3 compared to the polymeric sensitivity were reported. This study identified the structure-property relationship of nanocomposite thin films of PANI with metal oxides for use in electrochemical sensors. The developed materials could be applied in devices to be used in different fields, such as food, environment, and biomedical monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Portes Vieira
- Physics Institute, Goiás Federal University, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia 74001-970, GO, Brazil
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12
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Ma N, Luo X, Wu W, Liu J. Fabrication of a Disposable Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Nanochannel Array Modified Electrodes and Gated Electrochemical Signals for Sensitive Determination of C-Reactive Protein. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12223981. [PMID: 36432268 PMCID: PMC9696649 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) is of great significance because it is an early indicator of inflammation in cardiovascular disease and acute myocardial infarction. A disposable electrode with an integrated three-electrode system (working, reference, and counter electrodes) has great potential in the detection of biomarkers. In this work, an electrochemical immunosensing platform was fabricated on disposable and integrated screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by introducing nanochannel arrays and gated electrochemical signals, which can achieve the sensitive detection of CRP in serum. To introduce active reactive groups for the fabrication of immuno-recognitive interface, vertically-ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel film (VMSF) with rich amino groups (NH2-VMSF) was rapidly grown by electrochemical assisted self-assembly (EASA). The electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) synthesized in situ during the growth of NH2-VMSF was used as a conductive adhesive glue to achieve stable bonding of the nanochannel array (NH2-VMSF/ErGO/SPCE). After the amino group on the outer surface of NH2-VMSF reacted with bifunctional glutaraldehyde (GA/NH2-VMSF/ErGO/SPCE), the converted aldehyde surface was applied for covalent immobilization of the recognitive antibody (Ab) followed with the blocking of the non-specific sites. The fabricated immunosensor, Ab/GA/NH2-VMSF/ErGO/SPCE, enables sensitive detection of CRP in the range from 10 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL with low limit of detection (LOD, 8 pg/mL, S/N = 3). The immunosensor possessed high selectivity and can realize reliable determination of CRP in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); or (J.L.)
| | - Jiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); or (J.L.)
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13
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Drobysh M, Liustrovaite V, Baradoke A, Viter R, Chen CF, Ramanavicius A, Ramanaviciene A. Determination of rSpike Protein by Specific Antibodies with Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode Modified by Electrodeposited Gold Nanostructures. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080593. [PMID: 36004989 PMCID: PMC9405582 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we assessed the applicability of electrochemical sensing techniques for detecting specific antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike proteins in the blood serum of patient samples following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) with electrodeposited gold nanostructures (AuNS) were modified with L-Cysteine for further covalent immobilization of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (rSpike). The affinity interactions of the rSpike protein with specific antibodies against this protein (anti-rSpike) were assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. It was revealed that the SPCE electroactive surface area increased from 1.49 ± 0.02 cm2 to 1.82 ± 0.01 cm2 when AuNS were electrodeposited, and the value of the heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (k0) changed from 6.30 × 10-5 to 14.56 × 10-5. The performance of the developed electrochemical immunosensor was evaluated by calculating the limit of detection and limit of quantification, giving values of 0.27 nM and 0.81 nM for CV and 0.14 nM and 0.42 nM for DPV. Furthermore, a specificity test was performed with a solution of antibodies against bovine serum albumin as the control aliquot, which was used to assess nonspecific binding, and this evaluation revealed that the developed rSpike-based sensor exhibits low nonspecific binding towards anti-rSpike antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryia Drobysh
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (A.B.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Viktorija Liustrovaite
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Roman Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
- Center for Collective Use of Research Equipment, Sumy State University, 31 Sanatorna Street, 40000 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan;
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (A.B.)
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.L.); (A.R.)
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14
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Hein R, Beer PD. Halogen bonding and chalcogen bonding mediated sensing. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7098-7125. [PMID: 35799814 PMCID: PMC9214886 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01800d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-hole interactions, in particular halogen bonding (XB) and chalcogen bonding (ChB), have become indispensable tools in supramolecular chemistry, with wide-ranging applications in crystal engineering, catalysis and materials chemistry as well as anion recognition, transport and sensing. The latter has very rapidly developed in recent years and is becoming a mature research area in its own right. This can be attributed to the numerous advantages sigma-hole interactions imbue in sensor design, in particular high degrees of selectivity, sensitivity and the capability for sensing in aqueous media. Herein, we provide the first detailed overview of all developments in the field of XB and ChB mediated sensing, in particular the detection of anions but also neutral (gaseous) Lewis bases. This includes a wide range of optical colorimetric and luminescent sensors as well as an array of electrochemical sensors, most notably redox-active host systems. In addition, we discuss a range of other sensor designs, including capacitive sensors and chemiresistors, and provide a detailed overview and outlook for future fundamental developments in the field. Importantly the sensing concepts and methodologies described herein for the XB and ChB mediated sensing of anions, are generically applicable for the development of supramolecular receptors and sensors in general, including those for cations and neutral molecules employing a wide array of non-covalent interactions. As such we believe this review to be a useful guide to both the supramolecular and general chemistry community with interests in the fields of host-guest recognition and small molecule sensing. Moreover, we also highlight the need for a broader integration of supramolecular chemistry, analytical chemistry, synthetic chemistry and materials science in the development of the next generation of potent sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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15
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Drobysh M, Liustrovaite V, Baradoke A, Rucinskiene A, Ramanaviciene A, Ratautaite V, Viter R, Chen CF, Plikusiene I, Samukaite-Bubniene U, Slibinskas R, Ciplys E, Simanavicius M, Zvirbliene A, Kucinskaite-Kodze I, Ramanavicius A. Electrochemical Determination of Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Specific Antibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126768. [PMID: 35743208 PMCID: PMC9223850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The serologic diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the evaluation of vaccination effectiveness are identified by the presence of antibodies specific to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this paper, we present the electrochemical-based biosensing technique for the detection of antibodies specific to the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (rSpike) were immobilised on the surface of a gold electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). This modified electrode was used as a sensitive element for the detection of polyclonal mouse antibodies against the rSpike (anti-rSpike). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to observe the formation of immunocomplexes while cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used for additional analysis of the surface modifications. It was revealed that the impedimetric method and the elaborate experimental conditions are appropriate for the further development of electrochemical biosensors for the serological diagnosis of COVID-19 and/or the confirmation of successful vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryia Drobysh
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Viktorija Liustrovaite
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Alma Rucinskiene
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
- State Research Institute Center of Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Roman Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
- Center for Collective Use of Research Equipment, Sumy State University, 40000 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan;
| | - Ieva Plikusiene
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
| | - Urte Samukaite-Bubniene
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.Z.); (I.K.-K.)
| | - Evaldas Ciplys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.Z.); (I.K.-K.)
| | - Martynas Simanavicius
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.Z.); (I.K.-K.)
| | - Aurelija Zvirbliene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.Z.); (I.K.-K.)
| | - Indre Kucinskaite-Kodze
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.Z.); (I.K.-K.)
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas—Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (V.R.); (I.P.); (U.S.-B.)
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +37-060-032-332
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16
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Drobysh M, Liustrovaite V, Baradoke A, Rucinskiene A, Ramanaviciene A, Ratautaite V, Viter R, Chen CF, Plikusiene I, Samukaite-Bubniene U, Slibinskas R, Ciplys E, Simanavicius M, Zvirbliene A, Kucinskaite-Kodze I, Ramanavicius A. Electrochemical Determination of Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Specific Antibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2022. [PMID: 35743208 DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac5d91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The serologic diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the evaluation of vaccination effectiveness are identified by the presence of antibodies specific to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this paper, we present the electrochemical-based biosensing technique for the detection of antibodies specific to the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (rSpike) were immobilised on the surface of a gold electrode modified by a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). This modified electrode was used as a sensitive element for the detection of polyclonal mouse antibodies against the rSpike (anti-rSpike). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to observe the formation of immunocomplexes while cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used for additional analysis of the surface modifications. It was revealed that the impedimetric method and the elaborate experimental conditions are appropriate for the further development of electrochemical biosensors for the serological diagnosis of COVID-19 and/or the confirmation of successful vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryia Drobysh
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Liustrovaite
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alma Rucinskiene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Center of Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Roman Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
- Center for Collective Use of Research Equipment, Sumy State University, 40000 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Ieva Plikusiene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Urte Samukaite-Bubniene
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Evaldas Ciplys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Martynas Simanavicius
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Zvirbliene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indre Kucinskaite-Kodze
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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17
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Mahmoudpour M, Jouyban A, Soleymani J, Rahimi M. Rational design of smart nano-platforms based on antifouling-nanomaterials toward multifunctional bioanalysis. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 302:102637. [PMID: 35290930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to design nanoprobe devices with the capability of quantitative/qualitative operation in complex media will probably underpin the main upcoming progress in healthcare research and development. However, the biomolecules abundances in real samples can considerably alter the interface performance, where unwanted adsorption/adhesion can block signal response and significantly decrease the specificity of the assay. Herein, this review firstly offers a brief outline of several significances of fabricating high-sensitivity and low-background interfaces to adjust various targets' behaviors induced via bioactive molecules on the surface. Besides, some important strategies to resist non-specific protein adsorption and cell adhesion, followed by imperative categories of antifouling reagents utilized in the construction of high-performance solid sensory interfaces, are discussed. The next section specifically highlights the various nanocomposite probes based on antifouling-nanomaterials for electrode modification containing carbon nanomaterials, noble metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, polymer, and silicon-based materials in terms of nanoparticles, rods, or porous materials through optical or chemical strategies. We specially outline those nanoprobes that are capable of identification in complex media or those using new constructions/methods. Finally, the necessity and requirements for future advances in this emerging field are also presented, followed by opportunities and challenges.
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18
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Wu J, Liang L, Zhang M, Zhu R, Wang Z, Yin Y, Yin B, Weng T, Fang S, Xie W, Wang L, Wang D. Single-Molecule Identification of the Conformations of Human C-Reactive Protein and Its Aptamer Complex with Solid-State Nanopores. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:12077-12088. [PMID: 35234028 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human C-reactive protein (CRP) is an established inflammatory biomarker and was proved to be potentially relevant to disease pathology and cancer progression. A large body of methodologies have been reported for CRP analysis, including electrochemical/optical biosensors, aptamer, or antibody-based detection. Although the detection limit is rather low until pg/uL, most of which are time-consuming and relatively expensive, and few of them provided CRP single-molecule information. This work demonstrated the nanopore-based approach for the characterization of CRP conformation under versatile conditions. With an optimized pore of 14 nm in diameter, we achieved the detection limit as low as 0.3 ng/μL, voltage polarity significantly influences the electro-osmotic force and CRP translocation behavior, and the pentameric conformation of CRP may dissociate into pro-inflammatory CRP isoforms and monomeric CRP at bias potential above 300 mV. CRP tends to translocate through nanopores faster along with the increase in pH values, due to more surface charge on both CRP and pore inner wall and stronger electro-osmotic force. The CRP could specifically bind with its aptamer of different concentrations to form complexes, and the complexes exhibited distinguishable nanopore translocation behavior compared with CRP alone. The variation of the molar ratio of aptamer significantly influences the orientation of CRP translocation. The plasma test under physiological conditions displayed the ability of the nanopore system on the CRP identification with a concentration of 3 ng/μL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Liang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Mingkun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Bohua Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Ting Weng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Shaoxi Fang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Wanyi Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
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19
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Crapnell RD, Dempsey NC, Sigley E, Tridente A, Banks CE. Electroanalytical point-of-care detection of gold standard and emerging cardiac biomarkers for stratification and monitoring in intensive care medicine - a review. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:142. [PMID: 35279780 PMCID: PMC8917829 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Determination of specific cardiac biomarkers (CBs) during the diagnosis and management of adverse cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has become commonplace in emergency department (ED), cardiology and many other ward settings. Cardiac troponins (cTnT and cTnI) and natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-pro-BNP) are the preferred biomarkers in clinical practice for the diagnostic workup of AMI, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and other types of myocardial ischaemia and heart failure (HF), while the roles and possible clinical applications of several other potential biomarkers continue to be evaluated and are the subject of several comprehensive reviews. The requirement for rapid, repeated testing of a small number of CBs in ED and cardiology patients has led to the development of point-of-care (PoC) technology to circumvent the need for remote and lengthy testing procedures in the hospital pathology laboratories. Electroanalytical sensing platforms have the potential to meet these requirements. This review aims firstly to reflect on the potential benefits of rapid CB testing in critically ill patients, a very distinct cohort of patients with deranged baseline levels of CBs. We summarise their source and clinical relevance and are the first to report the required analytical ranges for such technology to be of value in this patient cohort. Secondly, we review the current electrochemical approaches, including its sub-variants such as photoelectrochemical and electrochemiluminescence, for the determination of important CBs highlighting the various strategies used, namely the use of micro- and nanomaterials, to maximise the sensitivities and selectivities of such approaches. Finally, we consider the challenges that must be overcome to allow for the commercialisation of this technology and transition into intensive care medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Nina C Dempsey
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Evelyn Sigley
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Ascanio Tridente
- Intensive Care Unit, Whiston Hospital, St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Warrington Road, Prescot, L35 5DR, UK
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
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20
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Sharafeldin M, Davis JJ. Characterising the biosensing interface. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1216:339759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Methylated DNA impedimetric immunosensor based on azo-polymer-AuNPs dots and 5-methylcytosine antibody using dissolved oxygen as a redox probe. Electrochem commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2022.107242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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22
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Sharafeldin M, Fleschhut F, James T, Davis JJ. A Quantification of Target Protein Biomarkers in Complex Media by Faradaic Shotgun Tagging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2375-2382. [PMID: 35083913 PMCID: PMC9082491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
progressive emergence of protein biomarkers promises a revolution
in the healthcare industry and a shift of focus from disease management
to much earlier intervention. Here, we introduce a facile shotgun
tagging of ensemble proteins in clinically relevant media prior to
specific target capture at antibody-modified electrodes. This facilitates
a convenient voltammetric quantification of markers down to sub-pg/mL
levels and across several orders of concentration. A translation of
the methodology to an automated microfluidic platform enables marker
quantification from 25 μL of sample in less than 15 min, demonstrated
here with a simultaneous assaying of CRP and cardiac troponin I (cTnI).
The assays show a good correlation with a standard immunoassay when
applied to real patient serum samples. The platform is simple, generic,
highly sensitive and requires no secondary labeling/binding or amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Felix Fleschhut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Timothy James
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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23
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Patrick SC, Hein R, Beer PD, Davis JJ. Continuous and Polarization-Tuned Redox Capacitive Anion Sensing at Electroactive Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19199-19206. [PMID: 34730337 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Continuous, real-time ion sensing is of great value across various environmental and medical scenarios but remains underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of redox capacitance spectroscopy as a sensitive and highly adaptable ion sensing methodology, exemplified by the continuous flow sensing of anions at redox-active halogen bonding ferrocenylisophthalamide self-assembled monolayers. Upon anion binding, the redox distribution of the electroactive interface, and its associated redox capacitance, are reversibly modulated, providing a simple and direct sensory readout. Importantly, the redox capacitance can be monitored at a freely chosen, constant electrode polarization, providing a facile means of tuning both the sensor analytical performance and the anion binding affinity, by up to 1 order of magnitude. In surpassing standard voltammetric methods in terms of analytical performance and adaptability, these findings pave the way for the development of highly sensitive and uniquely tunable ion sensors. More generally, this methodology also serves as a powerful and unprecedented means of simultaneously modulating and monitoring the thermodynamics and kinetics of host-guest interactions at redox-active interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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24
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Pankratova N, Jović M, Pfeifer ME. Electrochemical sensing of blood proteins for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) diagnostics and prognostics: towards a point-of-care application. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17301-17319. [PMID: 34094508 PMCID: PMC8114542 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00589h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) being one of the principal causes of death and acquired disability in the world imposes a large burden on the global economy. Mild TBI (mTBI) is particularly challenging to assess due to the frequent lack of well-pronounced post-injury symptoms. However, if left untreated mTBI (especially when repetitive) can lead to serious long-term implications such as cognitive and neuropathological disorders. Computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging commonly used for TBI diagnostics require well-trained personnel, are costly, difficult to adapt for on-site measurements and are not always reliable in identifying small brain lesions. Thus, there is an increasing demand for sensitive point-of-care (POC) testing tools in order to aid mTBI diagnostics and prediction of long-term effects. Biomarker quantification in body fluids is a promising basis for POC measurements, even though establishing a clinically relevant mTBI biomarker panel remains a challenge. Actually, a minimally invasive, rapid and reliable multianalyte detection device would allow the efficient determination of injury biomarker release kinetics and thus support the preclinical evaluation and clinical validation of a proposed biomarker panel for future decentralized in vitro diagnostics. In this respect electrochemical biosensors have recently attracted great attention and the present article provides a critical study on the electrochemical protocols suggested in the literature for detection of mTBI-relevant protein biomarkers. The authors give an overview of the analytical approaches for transduction element functionalization, review recent technological advances and highlight the key challenges remaining in view of an eventual integration of the proposed concepts into POC diagnostic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Pankratova
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), School of Engineering, Institute of Life Technologies, Diagnostic Systems Research Group Route du Rawil 64 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Milica Jović
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), School of Engineering, Institute of Life Technologies, Diagnostic Systems Research Group Route du Rawil 64 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Marc E Pfeifer
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), School of Engineering, Institute of Life Technologies, Diagnostic Systems Research Group Route du Rawil 64 1950 Sion Switzerland
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25
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Omar MH, Razak KA, Ab Wahab MN, Hamzah HH. Recent progress of conductive 3D-printed electrodes based upon polymers/carbon nanomaterials using a fused deposition modelling (FDM) method as emerging electrochemical sensing devices. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16557-16571. [PMID: 35479129 PMCID: PMC9031910 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01987b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
3D-printing or additive manufacturing is presently an emerging technology in the fourth industrial revolution that promises to reshape traditional manufacturing processes. The electrochemistry field can undoubtedly take advantage of this technology to fabricate electrodes to create a new generation of electrode sensor devices that could replace conventionally manufactured electrodes; glassy carbon, screen-printed carbon and carbon composite electrodes. In the electrochemistry research area, studies to date show that there is a demand for electrically 3D printable conductive polymer/carbon nanomaterial filaments where these materials can be printed out through an extrusion process based upon the fused deposition modelling (FDM) method. FDM could be used to manufacture novel electrochemical 3D printed electrode sensing devices for electrochemical sensor and biosensor applications. This is due to the FDM method being the most affordable 3D printing technique since conductive and non-conductive thermoplastic filaments are commercially available. Therefore, in this minireview, we focus on only the most outstanding studies that have been published since 2018. We believe this to be a highly-valuable research area to the scientific community, both in academia and industry, to enable novel ideas, materials, designs and methods relating to electroanalytical sensing devices to be generated. This approach has the potential to create a new generation of electrochemical sensing devices based upon additive manufacturing. This minireview also provides insight into how the research community could improve the electrochemical performance of 3D-printed electrodes to significantly increase the sensitivity of the 3D-printed electrodes as electrode sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Huzaifah Omar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) 11800 Gelugor Penang Malaysia
| | - Khairunisak Abdul Razak
- Nanobiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 Gelugor Penang Malaysia
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 Nibong Tebal Penang Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nadhir Ab Wahab
- School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 Gelugor Penang Malaysia
| | - Hairul Hisham Hamzah
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) 11800 Gelugor Penang Malaysia
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26
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The impact of antifouling layers in fabricating bioactive surfaces. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:45-62. [PMID: 33727195 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive surfaces modified with functional peptides are critical for both fundamental research and practical application of implant materials and tissue repair. However, when bioactive molecules are tethered on biomaterial surfaces, their functions can be compromised due to unwanted fouling (mainly nonspecific protein adsorption and cell adhesion). In recent years, researchers have continuously studied antifouling strategies to obtain low background noise and effectively present the function of bioactive molecules. In this review, we describe several commonly used antifouling strategies and analyzed their advantages and drawbacks. Among these strategies, antifouling molecules are widely used to construct the antifouling layer of various bioactive surfaces. Subsequently, we summarize various structures of antifouling molecules and their surface grafting methods and characteristics. Application of these functionalized surfaces in microarray, biosensors, and implants are also introduced. Finally, we discuss the primary challenges associated with antifouling layers in fabricating bioactive surfaces and provide prospects for the future development of this field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The nonspecific protein adsorption and cell adhesion will cause unwanted background "noise" on the surface of biological materials and detecting devices and compromise the performance of functional molecules and, therefore, impair the performance of materials and the sensitivity of devices. In addition, the selection of antifouling surfaces with proper chain length and high grafting density is also of great importance and requires further studies. Otherwise, the surface-tethered bioactive molecules may not function in their optimal status or even fail to display their functions. Based on these two critical issues, we summarize antifouling molecules with different structures, variable grafting methods, and diverse applications in biomaterials and biomedical devices reported in literature. Overall, we expect to shed some light on choosing the appropriate antifouling molecules in fabricating bioactive surfaces.
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27
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Baradoke A, Santos A, Bueno PR, Davis JJ. Introducing polymer conductance in diagnostically relevant transduction. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 172:112705. [PMID: 33166803 PMCID: PMC7581358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work we demonstrate that an impedance derived capacitance method is able to cleanly resolve the resonant conductance characteristics of an electrode-confined polymer film. In decorating the film with receptors, this conductance is thereafter modulated by the capturing of specific targets, demonstrated herein with C-reactive protein. This entirely reagentless and single step marker quantification is relevant to the drive of moving assays to a scaleable format requiring minimal user intervention. Relaxation conductance was used to create a new transducer signal concept. This relaxation conductance transducer signal concept was proved to be valid. Conductive redox polymer was used as sensitive function for the new signal concept. C-reactive protein was successfully detected in suitable low concentrations. This transducer principle is equally applicable to any other target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Baradoke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.
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28
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Li B, Ge L, Lyu P, Chen M, Zhang X, Xie S, Wu Q, Kwok HF. Handheld pH meter-assisted immunoassay for C-reactive protein using glucose oxidase-conjugated dendrimer loaded with platinum nanozymes. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:14. [PMID: 33389237 PMCID: PMC7779416 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A simple and feasible pH meter-based immunoassay is reported for detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) using glucose oxidase (GOD)-conjugated dendrimer loaded with platinum nanozyme. Initially, platinum nanozymes were loaded into the dendrimers through an in situ synthetic method. Then, GOD and monoclonal anti-CRP antibody with a high molar ratio were covalently conjugated onto carboxylated dendrimers via typical carbodiimide coupling. The immunoreaction was carried out with a competitive mode in a CRP-coated microplate. Along with formation of immunocomplex, the added glucose was oxidized into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide by GOD, and the latter was further decomposed by platinum nanozyme, thus accelerating chemical reaction in the positive direction. The produced gluconic acid changed the pH of detection solution, which was determined using a handheld pH meter. Under optimum conditions, the pH meter-based immunoassay gave a good signal toward target CRP from 0.01 to 100 ng mL-1. The limit of detection was 5.9 pg mL-1. An intermediate precision ≤ 11.2% was acquired with batch-to-batch identification. No nonspecific adsorption was observed during a series of procedures to detect target CRP, and the cross-reaction against other biomarkers was very low. Importantly, our system gave well-matched results for analysis of human serum samples relative to a referenced ELISA kit.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Lilin Ge
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Lyu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongfei Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Qinan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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29
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Label-free capacitive assaying of biomarkers for molecular diagnostics. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3879-3893. [PMID: 33106679 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The label-free analysis of biomarkers offers important advantages in developing point-of-care (PoC) biosensors. In contrast to label-based methodologies, such as ELISA, label-free analysis enables direct detection of targets without additional steps and labeled reagents. Nonetheless, label-free approaches require high sensitivity to detect the intrinsic features of a biomarker and low levels of nonspecific signals. Electrochemical capacitance, [Formula: see text], is a feature of electroactive nanoscale films that can be measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. [Formula: see text] is promising as an electrochemical transducing signal for the development of high-sensitivity, reagentless and label-free molecular diagnostic assays. We used a proprietary ferrocene (Fc)-tagged peptide that is able to self-assemble onto gold electrodes (thicknesses <2 nm) to which any biological receptor can be coupled. When coupled with biological receptors (e.g., a monoclonal antibody), [Formula: see text] exhibited by the redox-tagged peptide changes as a function of the target concentration. We provide herein the steps for the qualitative and quantitative detection of dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) biomarker. Detection of NS1 can be used to diagnose dengue virus infection, which causes epidemics each year in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Including the pre-treatment of the electrode surface, the analysis takes ~25 h. This time can be reduced to minutes if the electrode surface is fabricated separately, demonstrating that [Formula: see text] is promising for PoC applications. We hope this protocol will serve as a reference point for researchers and companies that intend to further develop capacitive devices for molecular diagnostic assays.
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30
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Fu Y, Jiang C, Tofaris GK, Davis JJ. Facile Impedimetric Analysis of Neuronal Exosome Markers in Parkinson's Disease Diagnostics. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13647-13651. [PMID: 32945162 PMCID: PMC7584333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
egress of α-synuclein in neuronally derived exosomes
predates the clinical presentation of Parkinson’s disease (PD),
offering a means of developing a predictive or prognostic test. Here,
we report the reagentless impedimetric assay of two internal exosome
markers (α-synuclein and syntenin-1) from neuronal exosomes.
Exosomes were efficiently extracted from patient sera using anti-L1CAM
conjugated zwitterionic polymer-modified magnetic beads prior to lysis
and analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The quantification
of α-synuclein level across 40 clinical samples resolved statistically
significant differences between PD patients and healthy controls (HC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - George K Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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31
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Nogueira Pedroza Dias Mello HJ, Bueno PR, Mulato M. Comparing glucose and urea enzymatic electrochemical and optical biosensors based on polyaniline thin films. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4199-4210. [PMID: 32789344 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Analytical sensors that can detect chemical (including biological) analytes are becoming increasingly widespread within the field of analytical chemistry. More than this, in a world tending towards the 'internet-of-things', the miniaturization of such devices is becoming increasingly urgent. Accordingly, electrochemical methods that are simultaneously multiplexable and effective at a miniature scale are receiving much attention. In the present work, we compare the label-free electrochemical response of enzymatic biosensors with the response of their optical counterpart. As a proof-of-concept we compare the electrochemical impedimetric response and the first time described capacitive response of enzymatic biosensors to their optical reflectance response (measured in the visible region using a portable handset spectrophotometer). The target was the detection of glucose and urea. The chemical platform of the sensors was composed of enzymatically functionalized polyaniline thin films. Sensitivity, linearity, and the limit of detection were analyzed for both electrochemical and optical instrumental settings. We found that the impedimetric/capacitive electrochemical setup produced a response that was of a similar quality to the optical response (sensitivities of 10.7 ± 0.7, 7.4 ± 0.7 and 4.3 ± 0.2% per decade for impedimetric, capacitive and optical glucose biosensors, respectively) with a broader linear range (10-4 to 10-1 mol L-1 for both glucose and urea biosensors) and similar limit-of-detection in the range of 1 μmol L-1 within a relevant and practical diagnosis range for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo José Nogueira Pedroza Dias Mello
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Jiang C, Wang G, Hein R, Liu N, Luo X, Davis JJ. Antifouling Strategies for Selective In Vitro and In Vivo Sensing. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3852-3889. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Guixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, China
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nianzu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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