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Pathak A, Verma N, Tripathi S, Mishra A, Poluri KM. Nanosensor based approaches for quantitative detection of heparin. Talanta 2024; 273:125873. [PMID: 38460425 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Heparin, being a widely employed anticoagulant in numerus clinical complications, requires strict quantification and qualitative screening to ensure the safety of patients from potential threat of thrombocytopenia. However, the intricacy of heparin's chemical structures and low abundance hinders the precise monitoring of its level and quality in clinical settings. Conventional laboratory assays have limitations in sensitivity and specificity, necessitating the development of innovative approaches. In this context, nanosensors emerged as a promising solution due to enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and ability to detect heparin even at low concentrations. This review delves into a range of sensing approaches including colorimetric, fluorometric, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical techniques using different types of nanomaterials, thus providing insights of its principles, capabilities, and limitations. Moreover, integration of smart-phone with nanosensors for point of care diagnostics has also been explored. Additionally, recent advances in nanopore technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have been discussed offering specificity against contaminants present in heparin to ensure its quality. By consolidating current knowledge and highlighting the potential of nanosensors, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of efficient, reliable, and economical heparin detection methods providing improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Pathak
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nishchay Verma
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shweta Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342011, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Saridakis I, Riomet M, Belleza OJV, Coussanes G, Singer NK, Kastner N, Xiao Y, Smith E, Tona V, de la Torre A, Lopes EF, Sánchez-Murcia PA, González L, Sitte HH, Maulide N. PyrAtes: Modular Organic Salts with Large Stokes Shifts for Fluo-rescence Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318127. [PMID: 38570814 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The deployment of small-molecule fluorescent agents plays an ever-growing role in medicine and drug development. Herein, we complement the portfolio of powerful fluorophores, reporting the serendipitous discovery and development of a novel class with an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinium triflate core, which we term PyrAtes. These fluorophores are synthesized in a single step from readily available materials (>60 examples) and display Stokes shifts as large as 240 nm, while also reaching NIR-I emissions at λmax as long as 720 nm. Computational studies allow the development of a platform for the prediction of λmax and λEm. Furthermore, we demonstrate the compatibility of these novel fluorophores with live cell imaging in HEK293 cells, suggesting PyrAtes as potent intracellular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iakovos Saridakis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margaux Riomet
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver J V Belleza
- Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guilhem Coussanes
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja K Singer
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina Kastner
- Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yi Xiao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elliot Smith
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronica Tona
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aurélien de la Torre
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric F Lopes
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pedro A Sánchez-Murcia
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald H Sitte
- Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328, Amman, Jordan
- Center for Addiction Research and Science - AddRess, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Strasse 13 A, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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3
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Ramírez-Lozano CM, Ochoa ME, Labra-Vázquez P, Jiménez-Sánchez A, Farfán N, Santillan R. Exploring the self-assembly dynamics of novel steroid-coumarin conjugates: a comprehensive spectroscopic and solid-state investigation. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3314-3327. [PMID: 38578064 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00192c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and characterization of seven novel steroid-coumarin conjugates with diverse steroidal nuclei as lipophilic fluorescent materials for bioimaging applications are presented. The conjugates were synthesized through amidation, characterized using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, and their main photophysical properties were determined. Dioxane : water titration experiments revealed their ability to self-assemble, forming J-aggregates as evidenced by new spectral bands at higher wavelengths. Monocrystal X-ray diffraction analysis disclosed distinctive aggregation patterns exhibiting J- or H-aggregates for selected compounds. Bioimaging studies demonstrated cell membrane localization for most conjugates, with some of them displaying an interesting selectivity for lipid droplets. Notably, the presence of the steroid fragments significantly influenced both the self-assembly patterns and the cellular localization of the fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Ramírez-Lozano
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Mexico.
| | - Ma Eugenia Ochoa
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Mexico.
| | - Pablo Labra-Vázquez
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 CDMX, Mexico
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Mexico.
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Cai X, Wang B, Nian L, Zhao S, Xiao J. A robust and versatile host-guest peptide toolbox for developing highly stable and specific quantum dot-based peptide probes for imaging extracellular matrices and cells. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1031-1042. [PMID: 38224161 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02749j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Multiplex fluorescence imaging plays a vital role in precision medicine for targeting complex diseases with diverse biomolecular signatures. Quantum dot (QD) probes with vibrant colors are promising candidates for multiplex imaging, but their stability and specificity are frequently compromised by the current tedious post-modification process. We have herein developed a robust and versatile host-guest peptide (HGP) toolbox for creating highly stable and specific QD-based peptide probes for imaging extracellular matrices and cells. The HGP system comprises a host peptide and a guest peptide with a shared sequence pattern of cysteine and negatively charged amino acids, allowing for QD stabilization and specificity towards targeted biomarkers. HGP has been demonstrated as a convenient one-step approach to construct hydrophilic QD-based peptide probes with superior stability under various conditions. Six multicolor HGP-modified QDs have been developed to specifically target extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen, laminin, and nidogen, as well as major cellular elements like the membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm, providing an efficient tool for real-time monitoring of high-resolution interactions between cancer cells and the extracellular matrix. The HGP system represents a next-generation approach to developing QDs with unprecedented stability and specificity, holding great potential in multiplex imaging and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Linge Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Sha Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Jianxi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Zhou L, Zhang W, Qian J. A fluorescent probe for bioimaging of GSH in cancer cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123457. [PMID: 37820492 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe CTP2-IMC was designed for bioimaging of glutathione (GSH) in cancer cells with indomethacin (IMC), coumarin and bromide as the targeting group, fluorophore and receptor, respectively. Due to the π-π interaction between coumarin and IMC, CTP2-IMC mainly exists in the form of folded state in aqueous solution. The non-radiative transitions caused by the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process from IMC to the fluorophore as well as the heavy-atom effect led to non-fluorescent of CTP2-IMC. The substitution of Br by GSH and unfolded conformation induced by IMC acceptor on cancer cells resulted in significant fluorescence enhancement, which enabled CTP2-IMC to bioimage GSH in cancer cells rather than in normal one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langping Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Junhong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Zhao J, Li C, Wei S, Lü C, Zou LW. A multifunctional fluorescent probe based on Schiff base with AIE and ESIPT characteristics for effective detections of Pb 2+, Ag + and Fe 3. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 300:122904. [PMID: 37229941 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, three Schiff-based fluorescent probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and excited intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) characters were synthesized by grafting 2-aminobenzothiazole group onto 4-substituted salicylaldehydes. More important, a rare tri-responsive fluorescent probe (SN-Cl) was developed by purposeful variation of substituents in the molecule. It could selectively identify Pb2+, Ag+ and Fe3+ in different solvent systems or with the help of masking agent and show complete fluorescence enhancement without interference of other ions. Meanwhile, the other two probes (SN-ON and SN-N) could only recognize Pb2+ in DMSO/Tris-HCl buffer (3: 7, v/v, pH = 7.4). According to Job's plot, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and NMR analysis, coordination between SN-Cl and Pb2+/Ag+/Fe3+ was determined. The LOD values for three ions were as low as 0.059 μM, 0.012 μM and 8.92 μM, respectively. Ideally, SN-Cl showed satisfactory performance in real water samples detection and test paper experiments for three ions. Also, SN-Cl could be used as an excellent imaging agent for Fe3+ in HeLa cells. Therefore, SN-Cl has the ability to be a "single fluorescent probe for three targets".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850#, Dalian 116029, PR China
| | - Ciqin Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Sihan Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850#, Dalian 116029, PR China
| | - Chengwei Lü
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850#, Dalian 116029, PR China.
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Duan X, Tong Q, Fu C, Chen L. Lysosome-targeted fluorescent probes: Design mechanism and biological applications. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106832. [PMID: 37683542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
As an integral organelle in the eukaryote, the lysosome is the degradation center and metabolic signal center in living cells, and partakes in significant physiological processes such as autophagy, cell death and cellular senescence. Fluorescent probe has become a favorite tool for studying organelles and their chemical microenvironments because of its high specificity and non-destructive merits. Over recent years, it has been reported that increasingly new lysosome-targeted probes play a major role in the diagnosis and monitor of diseases, in particular cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In order to deepen the relevant research on lysosome, it is challenging and inevitability to design novel lysosomal targeting probes. This review first introduces the concepts of lysosome and its closely related biological activities, and then introduces the fluorescent probes for lysosome in detail according to different detection targets, including targeting mechanism, biological imaging, and application in diseases. Finally, we summarize the specific challenges and discuss the future development direction facing the current lysosome-targeted fluorescent probes. We hope that this review can help biologists grasp the application of fluorescent probes and broaden the research ideas of researchers targeting fluorescent probes so as to design more accurate and functional probes for application in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Duan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Oncology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chengxiao Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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8
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Zhao S, Xue Y, Hu L, Sun F, Nie J, Chang Y. A NIR‐II Fluorescent Probe for Hydrogen Sulfide Detection Based on Blocking Intramolecular Charge Transfer. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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K Johnson K, Kopecky C, Koshy P, Liu Y, Devadason M, Holst J, A Kilian K, C Sorrell C. Theranostic Activity of Ceria-Based Nanoparticles toward Parental and Metastatic Melanoma: 2D vs 3D Models. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1053-1065. [PMID: 36726306 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The time interval between the diagnosis of tumor in a patient and the initiation of treatment plays a key role in determining the survival rates. Consequently, theranostics, which is a combination of diagnosis and treatment, can be expected to improve survival rates. Early detection and immediate treatment initiation are particularly important in the management of melanoma, where survival rates decrease considerably after metastasis. The present work reports for the first time the application of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-tagged epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-functionalized ceria nanoparticles, which exhibit intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated anticancer effects, for the EGFR-targeted diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. The theranostic activity was demonstrated using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models of parental and metastatic melanoma. Confocal imaging studies confirm the diagnostic activity of the system. The therapeutic efficiency was evaluated using cell viability studies and ROS measurements. The ROS elevation levels are compared across the 2D and 3D models. Significant enhancement in the generation of cellular ROS and absence in mitochondrial ROS are observed in the 2D models. In contrast, significant elevations in both ROS types are observed for the 3D models, which are significantly higher for the metastatic spheroids than the parental spheroids, thus indicating the suitability of this nanoformulation for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kochurani K Johnson
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chantal Kopecky
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Pramod Koshy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yiling Liu
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michelle Devadason
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kristopher A Kilian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Charles C Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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In vivo near-infrared fluorescence and SPECT-CT imaging of colorectal Cancer using the bradykinin B2R-specific ligand icatibant. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 239:112648. [PMID: 36641883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer molecular imaging using specific probes designed to identify target proteins in cancer is a powerful tool to guide therapeutic selection, patient management, and follow-up. We demonstrated that icatibant may be used as a targeting probe for the significantly upregulated bradykinin B2R in colorectal cancer (CRC). Icatibant-based probes with high affinity towards bradykinin B2R were identified. The near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye conjugate MPA-PEG3-k-Icatibant and radioconjugate [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-PEG4-Icatibant exhibited favourable selective and specific uptake in tumours when the subcutaneous and orthotopic colorectal tumour-bearing mouse models were imaged using NIR fluorescence imaging and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography-Computed Tomography (SPECT-CT), respectively. The tracer of [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-PEG4-Icatibant accumulated in tumours according to biodistribution studies and peaked at 4 h with an uptake value of 3.41 ± 0.27%ID/g in HT29 tumour-bearing nude mice following intravenous injection (i.v.). The tumour-to-colorectal signal ratios were 5.03 ± 0.37, 15.45 ± 0.32, 13.58 ± 1.19 and 11.33 ± 1.73 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after tail-veil injection, respectively. Overall, in the wake of rapid and precise tumour delineation and penetration characteristics, icatibant-based probes represent promising high-contrast molecular imaging probes for the detection of bradykinin B2R.
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Franco AR, Artusa V, Peri F. Use of Fluorescent Chemical Probes in the Study of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Trafficking. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2700:57-74. [PMID: 37603174 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3366-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent chemical probes are used nowadays as a chemical resource to study the physiology and pharmacology of several important endogenous receptors. Different fluorescent groups have been coupled with known ligands of these receptors, allowing the visualization of their localization and trafficking. One of the most important molecular players of innate immunity and inflammation are the Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs). These Pattern-Recognition Receptors (PRR) have as natural ligands microbial-derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and also endogenous molecules called danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These ligands activate TLRs to start a response that will determine the host's protection and overall cell survival but can also lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmune syndromes. TLRs action is tightly related to their subcellular localization and trafficking. Understanding this trafficking phenomenon can enlighten critical molecular pathways that might allow to decipher the causes of different diseases. In this chapter, the study of function, localization and trafficking of TLRs through the use of chemical probes will be discussed. Furthermore, an example protocol of the use of fluorescent chemical probes to study TLR4 trafficking using high-content analysis will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Franco
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Artusa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Peri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
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12
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The multifaceted roles of peptides in “always-on” near-infrared fluorescent probes for tumor imaging. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Wongso H, Hendra R, Nugraha AS, Ritawidya R, Saptiama I, Kusumaningrum CE. Microbial metabolites diversity and their potential as molecular template for the discovery of new fluorescent and radiopharmaceutical probes. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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Yang H, Micovic N, Monaghan JR, Clark HA. Click Chemistry-Enabled Conjugation Strategy for Producing Dibenzodiazepinone-Type Fluorescent Probes To Target M 2 Acetylcholine Receptors. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2223-2233. [PMID: 36327428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of fluorescently labeled receptor-targeting compounds represents a powerful pharmacological tool to study and characterize ligand-receptor interactions. Despite significant advances in developing sub-type-specific antagonists for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), reports on antagonists feasible for click chemistry are less common. Here, we designed and synthesized an antagonist suitable for probe attachment through click chemistry, namely, dibenzodiazepinone (DIBA)-alkyne, based on a previously reported DIBA scaffold with a high binding affinity to type-2 mAChR (M2R). To demonstrate the versatility of DIBA-alkyne as a building block for bioconjugates, we assembled DIBA-alkyne with Cyanine5 fluorophores (Cy5) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) biomolecules to obtain fluorescent DIBA antagonist (DIBA-Cy5) and fluorescent DIBA PEG derivatives. Flow cytometric analysis showed that DIBA-Cy5 possessed a high binding affinity to M2R (Kd = 1.80 nM), a two-order magnitude higher binding affinity than M1R. Fluorescent DIBA PEG derivatives maintained a potent binding to the M2R (Kd ≤ 4 nM), confirmed by confocal microscopic imaging. Additionally, DIBA-Cy5 can serve as a fluorescent ligand in the receptor-ligand competitive binding assay for other mAChR ligands, an attractive alternative to the traditional radioligand-based assay. The competitive binding mode between DIBA-Cy5 and orthosteric antagonist atropine/allosteric modulator LY2119620 indicated a dualsteric binding mode of the DIBA-type antagonist to M2R. Lastly, we demonstrated the direct staining of DIBA-Cy5 to M2R receptors in the sinoatrial node of a mouse heart. The adaptability of the clickable DIBA antagonist to a wide range of fluorophores and biomolecules can facilitate its use in various biomedical applications such as binding assays that screen compounds for M2R as the receptor target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrong Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Nicholas Micovic
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - James R Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
- Institute for Chemical Imaging of Living Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Heather A Clark
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85281, United States
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15
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A Review on the Synthesis of Fluorescent Five- and Six-Membered Ring Azaheterocycles. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196321. [PMID: 36234858 PMCID: PMC9570872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Azaheterocycles rings with five and six members are important tools for the obtaining of fluorescent materials and fluorescent sensors. The relevant advances in the synthesis of azaheterocyclic derivatives and their optical properties investigation, particularly in the last ten years, was our main objective on this review. The review is organized according to the size of the azaheterocycle ring, 5-, 6-membered and fused ring azaheterocycles, as well as our recent contribution on this research field. In each case, the reaction pathways with reaction condition and obtained yield, and evaluation of the optical properties of the obtained products were briefly presented.
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16
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Wongso H. Recent progress on the development of fluorescent probes targeting the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO). Anal Biochem 2022; 655:114854. [PMID: 35963341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) was first identified in 1997, and has now become one of the appealing subcellular targets in medicinal chemistry and its related fields. TSPO involves in a variety of diseases, covering neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, cancers, and so on. To date, various high-affinity TSPO ligands labelled with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/positron emission tomography (PET) radionuclides have been reported, with some third-generation radioligands advanced to clinical trials. On the other hand, only a few number of TSPO ligands have been labelled with fluorophores for disease diagnosis. It is noteworthy that the majority of the TSPO fluorescent probes synthesised to date are based on visible fluorophores, suggesting that their applications are limited to in vitro studies, such as in vitro imaging of cancer cells, post-mortem analysis, and tissue biopsies examinations. In this context, the potential application of TSPO ligands can be broadened for in vivo investigations of human diseases by labelling with near-infrared (NIR)-fluorophores or substituting visible fluorophores with NIR-fluorophores on the currently developed fluorescent probes. In this review article, recent progress on fluorescent probes targeting the TSPO are summarised, with an emphasis on development trend in recent years and application prospects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendris Wongso
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceutical, and Biodosimetry Technology, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Puspiptek, Banten, 15314, Indonesia.
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17
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Xie B, Meng Q, Yu H, Shen K, Cheng Y, Dong C, Zhou HB. Estrogen receptor β-targeted hypoxia-responsive near-infrared fluorescence probes for prostate cancer study. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Leng X, She M, Jin X, Chen J, Ma X, Chen F, Li J, Yang B. A Highly Sensitive and Selective Fluorescein-Based Cu 2+ Probe and Its Bioimaging in Cell. Front Nutr 2022; 9:932826. [PMID: 35832048 PMCID: PMC9271948 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.932826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is a vital trace metal in human body, which plays the significant roles in amounts of physiological and pathological processes. The application of copper-selective probe has attracted great interests from environmental tests to life process research, yet a few of sensitive Cu2+ tests based on on-site analysis have been reported. In this paper, a novel fluorescein-based fluorescent probe N4 was designed, synthesized, and characterized, which exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity to Cu2+ comparing with other metal ions in ethanol–water (1/1, v/v) solution. The probe N4 bonded with Cu2+ to facilitate the ring-opening, and an obvious new band at 525 nm in the fluorescence spectroscopy appeared, which could be used for naked-eye detection of Cu2+ within a broad pH range of 6–9. Meanwhile, a good linearity between the fluorescence intensity and the concentrations of Cu2+ ranged 0.1–1.5 eq. was observed, and the limit of detection of N4 to Cu2+ was calculated to be as low as 1.20 μm. In addition, the interaction mode between N4 and Cu2+ was found to be 1:1 by the Job's plot and mass experiment. Biological experiments showed that the probe N4 exhibited low biological toxicity and could be applied for Cu2+ imaging in living cells. The significant color shift associated with the production of the N4-Cu2+ complex at low micromolar concentrations under UV light endows N4 with a promising probe for field testing of trace Cu2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Leng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengyao She
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xilang Jin
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuehao Ma
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China.,Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.,Lab of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Han X, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wang X, Choo J, Chen L. Fluorescent probes for biomolecule detection under environmental stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128527. [PMID: 35231812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of fluorescent probes in visible detection has been developed over the last several decades. Biomolecules are essential in the biological processes of organisms, and their distribution and concentration are largely influenced by environmental factors. Significant advances have occurred in the applications of fluorescent probes for the detection of the dynamic localization and quantity of biomolecules during various environmental stress-induced physiological and pathological processes. Herein, we summarize representative examples of small molecule-based fluorescent probes that provide bimolecular information when the organism is under environmental stress. The discussion includes strategies for the design of smart small-molecule fluorescent probes, in addition to their applications in biomolecule imaging under environmental stresses, such as hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, hyperthermia/hypothermia, organic/inorganic chemical exposure, oxidative/reductive stress, high glucose stimulation, and drug treatment-induced toxicity. We believe that comprehensive insight into the beneficial applications of fluorescent probes in biomolecule detection under environmental stress should enable the further development and effective application of fluorescent probes in the biochemical and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Present: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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20
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Ivich F, Pace J, Williams AL, Shumel M, Fang Q, Niedre M. Signal and measurement considerations for human translation of diffuse in vivo flow cytometry. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:JBO-220066R. [PMID: 35726129 PMCID: PMC9207655 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.6.067001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE "Diffuse in vivo flow cytometry" (DiFC) is an emerging technology for fluorescence detection of rare circulating cells directly in large deep-seated blood vessels in mice. Because DiFC uses highly scattered light, in principle, it could be translated to human use. However, an open question is whether fluorescent signals from single cells would be detectable in human-scale anatomies. AIM Suitable blood vessels in a human wrist or forearm are at a depth of ∼2 to 4 mm. The aim of this work was to study the impact of DiFC instrument geometry and wavelength on the detected DiFC signal and on the maximum depth of detection of a moving cell. APPROACH We used Monte Carlo simulations to compute fluorescence Jacobian (sensitivity) matrices for a range of source and detector separations (SDS) and tissue optical properties over the visible and near infrared spectrum. We performed experimental measurements with three available versions of DiFC (488, 640, and 780 nm), fluorescent microspheres, and tissue mimicking optical flow phantoms. We used both computational and experimental data to estimate the maximum depth of detection at each combination of settings. RESULTS For the DiFC detection problem, our analysis showed that for deep-seated blood vessels, the maximum sensitivity was obtained with NIR light (780 nm) and 3-mm SDS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that-in combination with a suitable molecularly targeted fluorescent probes-circulating cells and nanosensors could, in principle, be detectable in circulation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ivich
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Joshua Pace
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Amber L. Williams
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Malcolm Shumel
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mark Niedre
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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21
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Fluorescent probes and functional materials for biomedical applications. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDue to their simplicity in preparation, sensitivity and selectivity, fluorescent probes have become the analytical tool of choice in a wide range of research and industrial fields, facilitating the rapid detection of chemical substances of interest as well as the study of important physiological and pathological processes at the cellular level. In addition, many long-wavelength fluorescent probes developed have also proven applicable for in vivo biomedical applications including fluorescence-guided disease diagnosis and theranostics (e.g., fluorogenic prodrugs). Impressive progresses have been made in the development of sensing agents and materials for the detection of ions, organic small molecules, and biomacromolecules including enzymes, DNAs/RNAs, lipids, and carbohydrates that play crucial roles in biological and disease-relevant events. Here, we highlight examples of fluorescent probes and functional materials for biological applications selected from the special issues “Fluorescent Probes” and “Molecular Sensors and Logic Gates” recently published in this journal, offering insights into the future development of powerful fluorescence-based chemical tools for basic biological studies and clinical translation.
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22
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Sun H, Dong Z, Zhang Q, Liu B, Yan S, Wang Y, Yin D, Wang Y, Ren P, Wu N, Chang L. Companion-Probe & Race platform for interrogating nuclear protein and migration of living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Synthesis and Fluorescent Properties of Aminopyridines and the Application in "Click and Probing". Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051596. [PMID: 35268697 PMCID: PMC8912075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Unsubstituted pyridin-2-amine has a high quantum yield and is a potential scaffold for a fluorescent probe. However, the facile access to conjugated highly substituted aminopyridines and the study of their fluorescent properties is scarce. In this paper, synthesis and fluorescent properties of multisubstituted aminopyridines were studied based on a recently developed Rh-catalyzed coupling of vinyl azide with isonitrile to form a vinyl carbodiimide intermediate, following tandem cyclization with an alkyne. An aminopyridine substituted with an azide group as a potential probe was further designed, synthesized, and evaluated. The “clicking-and-probing” experiment of it on BSA protein showed the potential of aminopyridine as a scaffold of a biological probe.
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24
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Guillou A, Nisli E, Klingler S, Linden A, Holland JP. Photoactivatable Fluorescent Tags for Dual-Modality Positron Emission Tomography Optical Imaging. J Med Chem 2022; 65:811-823. [PMID: 34981931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent protein conjugates are vital tools in a wide range of scientific disciplines from basic biochemical research to applications in clinical pathology and intraoperative surgery. We report the synthesis and characterization of photoactivatable fluorophores (PhotoTags) based on the functionalization of coumarin, fluorescein, BODIPY, rhodamine B, and cyanine dyes with a photochemically active aryl azide group. Photochemical labeling experiments using human serum albumin produced fluorescent proteins in high yields under irradiation with ultraviolet light for <15 min. We also synthesized DFO-RhodB-PEG3-ArN3─a photoactivatable compound that can be radiolabeled with 89Zr for applications in optical imaging and positron emission tomography. One-pot 89Zr-radiolabeling and light-induced protein conjugation produced [89Zr]ZrDFO-RhodB-PEG3-azepin-trastuzumab. Proof-of-concept studies in vitro and in vivo confirmed that [89Zr]ZrDFO-RhodB-PEG3-azepin-trastuzumab is a potential dual-modality agent for detecting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) expression. Overall, the PhotoTag technology represents a rapid, synthetically versatile, and user-friendly approach for generating novel protein conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Guillou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eda Nisli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Klingler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason P Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and cellular localization study of fluorescent derivatives of Jiyuan Oridonin A. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 229:114048. [PMID: 34954589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Jiyuan Oridonin A (JOA) is a naturally occurring ent-kaurane diterpenoid that exhibits significant potential in the field of anti-tumor drug development. However, its detailed anti-cancer mechanism of action has not been fully understood. In order to investigate its anticancer mode of action, two series of novel fluorescent derivatives of JOA conjugated with naphthalimide dyes were synthesized, and their antitumor activity against five selected cancer cell lines (MGC-803, SW1990, PC-3, TE-1 and HGC-27) was evaluated. Compared with JOA, the anti-tumor activity of the vast majority of compounds were improved. Among them, B12 exhibited promising anti-proliferative activity against HGC-27 cells with IC50 value of 0.39 ± 0.09 μM. Fluorescence imaging studies demonstrated that probe B12 could enter HGC-27 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and was mainly accumulated in mitochondria. Preliminary biological mechanism studies indicated that B12 was able to inhibit cell cloning and migration. Further studies suggested that B12-induced apoptosis was related to the mitochondrial pathway. Overall, our results provide new approaches to explore the molecular mechanism of the natural product JOA, which would contribute to its further development as an antitumor agent.
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26
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Rajapaksha AA, Fu YX, Guo WY, Liu SY, Li ZW, Xiong CQ, Yang WC, Yang GF. Review on the recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes targeting enzymes. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2021; 9. [PMID: 33873170 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/abf988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are very important for biological processes in a living being, performing similar or multiple tasks in and out of cells, tissues and other organisms at a particular location. The abnormal activity of particular enzyme usually caused serious diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis etc. Hence, nondestructive and real-time visualization for certain enzyme is very important for understanding the biological issues, as well as the drug administration and drug metabolism. Fluorescent cellular probe-based enzyme detectionin vitroandin vivohas become broad interest for human disease diagnostics and therapeutics. This review highlights the recent findings and designs of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent cellular probes targeting enzymes for quantitative analysis and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanka Amith Rajapaksha
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nano Science Technology, Faculty of Technology, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Yi-Xuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Yingzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Qin Xiong
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital-Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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