1
|
Ross CL, Lawer A, Sircombe KJ, Pletzer D, Gamble AB, Hook S. Site-Specific Antimicrobial Activity of a Dual-Responsive Ciprofloxacin Prodrug. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9599-9612. [PMID: 38780408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infections create distinctive microenvironments with a unique mix of metabolites and enzymes compared with healthy tissues that can be used to trigger the activation of antibiotic prodrugs. Here, a single and dual prodrug masking the C3 carboxylate and C7 piperazine of the fluoroquinolone, ciprofloxacin, responsive to nitroreductase (NTR) and/or hydrogen sulfide (H2S), was developed. Masking both functional groups reduced the activity of the prodrug against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, increasing its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by ∼512-fold (S. aureus) and ∼8000-fold (E. coli strains), while masking a single group only increased the MIC by ∼128-fold. Bacteria subjected to prolonged prodrug exposure did not show any increase in resistance. Triggering assays demonstrated the conversion of prodrugs to ciprofloxacin, and in a murine infection model, responsive prodrugs showed antibacterial activity comparable to that of ciprofloxacin, suggesting in vivo activation of prodrugs. Thus, the potential for site-specific antibiotic treatment with reduced threat of resistance is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Ross
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Aggie Lawer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Kathleen J Sircombe
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Allan B Gamble
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang S, Zhao K, Chen Z, Liu D, Tang S, Sun C, Chen H, Wang Y, Wu C. Halicin: A New Horizon in Antibacterial Therapy against Veterinary Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:492. [PMID: 38927159 PMCID: PMC11200678 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to discover novel antimicrobial drugs to combat resistance. This study investigated the antibacterial properties of halicin (SU3327), an AI-identified anti-diabetic drug, against 13 kinds of common clinical pathogens of animal origin, including multidrug-resistant strains. Employing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assessments, halicin demonstrated a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect. Time-killing assays revealed its concentration-dependent bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (E. coli ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (S. aureus ATCC 29213), and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae S6 (APP S6) after 4 h of treatment at concentrations above the MIC. Halicin exhibited longer post-antibiotic effects (PAEs) and sub-MIC effects (PA-SMEs) for E. coli 25922, S. aureus 29213, and APP S6 compared to ceftiofur and ciprofloxacin, the commonly used veterinary antimicrobial agents, indicating sustained antibacterial action. Additionally, the results of consecutive passaging experiments over 40 d at sub-inhibitory concentrations showed that bacteria exhibited difficulty in developing resistance to halicin. Toxicology studies confirmed that halicin exhibited low acute toxicity, being non-mutagenic, non-reproductive-toxic, and non-genotoxic. Blood biochemical results suggested that halicin has no significant impact on hematological parameters, liver function, and kidney function. Furthermore, halicin effectively treated respiratory A. pleuropneumoniae infections in murine models. These results underscore the potential of halicin as a new antibacterial agent with applications against clinically relevant pathogens in veterinary medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuge Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Ke Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Ziqi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Dejun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Shusheng Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Chengtao Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Hongliang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
- Xiamen Vangenes Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361006, China
| | - Yang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| | - Congming Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; (S.W.); (K.Z.); (Z.C.); (D.L.); (S.T.); (C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ermini E, Brai A, Cini E, Finetti F, Giannini G, Padula D, Paradisi L, Poggialini F, Trabalzini L, Tolu P, Taddei M. A novel bioresponsive self-immolative spacer based on aza-quinone methide reactivity for the controlled release of thiols, phenols, amines, sulfonamides or amides. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6168-6177. [PMID: 38665538 PMCID: PMC11041255 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01576b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A stimuli-sensitive linker is one of the indispensable components of prodrugs for cancer therapy as it covalently binds the drug and releases it upon external stimulation at the tumour site. Quinone methide elimination has been widely used as the key transformation to release drugs based on their nucleofugacity. The usual approach is to bind the drug to the linker as a carbamate and release it as a free amine after a self-immolative 1,6-elimination. Although this approach is very efficient, it is limited to amines (as carbamates), alcohols or phenols (as carbonates) or other acidic functional groups. We report here a self-immolative spacer capable of directly linking and releasing amines, phenols, thiols, sulfonamides and carboxyamides after a reductive stimulus. The spacer is based on the structure of (5-nitro-2-pyrrolyl)methanol (NPYM-OH), which was used for the direct alkylation of the functional groups mentioned above. The spacer is metabolically stable and has three indispensable sites for bioconjugation: the bioresponsive trigger, the conjugated 1,6 self-immolative system and a third arm suitable for conjugation with a carrier or other modifiers. Release was achieved by selective reduction of the nitro group over Fe/Pd nanoparticles (NPs) in a micellar aqueous environment (H2O/TPGS-750-M), or by NADH mediated nitroreductase activation. A DFT study demonstrates that, during the 1,6 elimination, the transition state formed from 5-aminopyrrole has a lower activation energy compared to other 5-membered heterocycles or p-aminobenzyl derivatives. The NPYM scaffold was validated by late-stage functionalisation of approved drugs such as celecoxib, colchicine, vorinostat or ciprofloxacin. A hypoxia-activated NPYM-based prodrug (HAP) derived from HDAC inhibitor ST7612AA1 was also produced, which was active in cancer cells under hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ermini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Annalaura Brai
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Elena Cini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Federica Finetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology Corporate R&D - Alfasigma SpA Via Pontina, km 30400 00071 Pomezia (Roma) Italy
| | - Daniele Padula
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Lucrezia Paradisi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Federica Poggialini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Lorenza Trabalzini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Paola Tolu
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| | - Maurizio Taddei
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via A. Moro 2 53100 Siena Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wharton T, Crawshay-Williams F, Schober T, Floto RA, Spring DR. Unlocking Amides: A General Method for the Self-Immolative Release of Amide-Containing Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402267. [PMID: 38411326 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The controlled liberation of molecules from a constructed framework is a subject of profound interest across various chemical fields. It allows for the masking of a molecule's properties and precise deployment upon a single controllable release event. While numerous methodologies have been developed for amines, alcohols, and thiols, approaches for utilising amides as payload-release handles are still in their early stages of development, despite the prevalence of amides in therapeutic compounds and materials. Herein, is presented a comprehensive strategy for the controlled and selective release of a diverse range of amides with stable linkers. The versatility of this approach is demonstrated by its successful application in the targeted release of various amide-containing drugs in their natural form via the use of commonly used trigger motifs, such as dipeptides or glycosides. As a proof of concept, the FDA-approved antibiotic linezolid has been successfully converted into a prodrug form and released selectively only in the presence of the trigger event. Significantly, in its prodrug state, no activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was exhibited. Linezolid's full potential was achieved only upon controlled release, where an equipotent efficacy to the free linezolid control was demonstrated, thus emphasising the immense potential of this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wharton
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK, CB2 1EW
| | - Felicity Crawshay-Williams
- University of Cambridge Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK, CB2 0QH
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart & Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, CB2 0BB
| | - Tim Schober
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK, CB2 1EW
- Enamine Germany, Industriepark Hoechst G837, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Lumobiotics GmbH, Auerstrasse 2, 76227, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - R Andres Floto
- University of Cambridge Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK, CB2 0QH
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart & Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, CB2 0BB
| | - David R Spring
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK, CB2 1EW
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li T, He X, Tao W, Zhang R, He Q, Gong H, Liu Y, Luo D, Zhang M, Zou C, Zhang SL, He Y. Development of membrane-targeting TPP +-chloramphenicol conjugates to combat methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:115973. [PMID: 38096652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria have become a new challenge in infection treatment, gravely endangering public health. Chloramphenicol (CL) is a well-known antibiotic which has lost its efficacy due to bacterial resistance. To address this issue, herein we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel triphenylphosphonium chloramphenicol conjugates (TPP+-CL). Study results indicated that compounds 39 and 42 possessed remarkable antibacterial effects against clinically isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with MIC values ranging from 1 to 2 μg/mL, while CL was inactive to the tested MRSA strains. In addition, these conjugates exhibited rapid bactericidal properties and low toxicity, and did not readily induced bacterial resistance, obviously outperforming the parent drug CL. In a mouse model infected with a clinically isolated MRSA strain, compound 39 at a dose of 20 mg/kg exhibited a comparable or even better in vivo anti-MRSA efficacy than the golden standard drug vancomycin, while no toxicity was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Ave, Shuitu Technology Development Zone, Beibei, Chongqing, 400714, PR China
| | - Wenlan Tao
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Ave, Shuitu Technology Development Zone, Beibei, Chongqing, 400714, PR China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Qiaolin He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Dong Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Cheng Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Shao-Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, PR China.
| | - Yun He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Ave, Shuitu Technology Development Zone, Beibei, Chongqing, 400714, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu K, Xiao T, Yang H, Chen M, Gao Q, Brummel BR, Ding Y, Huigens RW. Design, synthesis and evaluation of halogenated phenazine antibacterial prodrugs targeting nitroreductase enzymes for activation. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1472-1481. [PMID: 37593580 PMCID: PMC10429720 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00204g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is of great importance to develop new strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. Our lab has discovered halogenated phenazine (HP) analogues that are highly active against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and study of a new series of nitroarene-based HP prodrugs that leverage intracellular nitroreductase (NTR) enzymes for activation and subsequent release of active HP agents. Our goals of developing HP prodrugs are to (1) mitigate off-target metal chelation (potential toxicity), (2) possess motifs to facilitate intracellular, bacterial-specific HP release, (3) improve water solubility, and (4) prevent undesirable metabolism (e.g., glucuronidation of HP's phenol). Following the synthesis of HP-nitroarene prodrugs bearing a sulfonate ester linker, NTR-promoted release experiments demonstrated prodrug HP-1-N released 70.1% of parent HP-1 after 16 hours (with only 6.8% HP-1 release without NTR). In analogous in vitro experiments, no HP release was observed for control sulfonate ester compounds lacking the critical nitro group. When compared to parent HP compounds, nitroarene prodrugs evaluated during these studies demonstrate similar antibacterial activities in MIC and zone of inhibition assays (against lab strains and clinical isolates). In conclusion, HP-nitroarene prodrugs could provide a future avenue to develop potent agents that target antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Tao Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Manyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Qiwen Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Beau R Brummel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Yousong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32610 USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding XY, Wen JR, Lin WY, Huang GY, Feng Q, Duan L, Zhang SJ, Liu Z, Zhang RR, Wang Y. Phloroglucinol derivatives, coumarins and an alkaloid from the roots of Evodia lepta Merr. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023:113774. [PMID: 37400011 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed phloroglucinol derivatives [(±) evolephloroglucinols A and B], five unusual coumarins [evolecoumarins A and B and (±) evolecoumarins C-E], and one novel enantiomeric quinoline-type alkaloid [(±) evolealkaloid A], along with 20 known compounds, were isolated from the EtOH extract of the roots of Evodia lepta Merr. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction or computational calculations. Their anti-neuroinflammatory effects were assayed. Among the identified compounds, compound 5a effectively reduced nitric oxide (NO) production with an EC50 value of 22.08 ± 0.46 μM. Hence, it could indeed inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ru Wen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Yong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang X, Shan M, Zhang S, Chen X, Liu W, Chen J, Liu X. Stimuli-Responsive Antibacterial Materials: Molecular Structures, Design Principles, and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104843. [PMID: 35224893 PMCID: PMC9069201 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Infections are regarded as the most severe complication associated with human health, which are urgent to be solved. Stimuli-responsive materials are appealing therapeutic platforms for antibacterial treatments, which provide great potential for accurate theranostics. In this review, the advantages, the response mechanisms, and the key design principles of stimuli-responsive antibacterial materials are highlighted. The biomedical applications, the current challenges, and future directions of stimuli-responsive antibacterial materials are also discussed. First, the categories of stimuli-responsive antibacterial materials are comprehensively itemized based on different sources of stimuli, including external physical environmental stimuli (e.g., temperature, light, electricity, salt, etc.) and bacterial metabolites stimuli (e.g., acid, enzyme, redox, etc.). Second, structural characteristics, design principles, and biomedical applications of the responsive materials are discussed, and the underlying interrelationships are revealed. The molecular structures and design principles are closely related to the sources of stimuli. Finally, the challenging issues of stimuli-responsive materials are proposed. This review will provide scientific guidance to promote the clinical applications of stimuli-responsive antibacterial materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Mengyao Shan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Shike Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Food Science and EngineeringNational Engineering Research Center for Wheat & Corn Further ProcessingHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450001China
| | - Wentao Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Jinzhou Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Mold of Ministry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Black CM, Chu AJ, Thomas GH, Routledge A, Duhme-Klair AK. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of an SO2-releasing siderophore conjugate. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 234:111875. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
10
|
Suaifan GARY, Mohammed AAM, Alkhawaja BA. Fluoroquinolones' Biological Activities against Laboratory Microbes and Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:1658. [PMID: 35268759 PMCID: PMC8911966 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of novel derivatives to rein in and fight bacteria have never been more demanding, as microbial resistance strains are alarmingly increasing. A multitude of new fluoroquinolones derivatives with an improved spectrum of activity and/or enhanced pharmacokinetics parameters have been widely explored. Reporting novel antimicrobial agents entails comparing their potential activity to their parent drugs; hence, parent fluoroquinolones have been used in research as positive controls. Given that these fluoroquinolones possess variable activities according to their generation, it is necessary to include parent compounds and market available antibiotics of the same class when investigating antimicrobial activity. Herein, we provide a detailed guide on the in vitro biological activity of fluoroquinolones based on experimental results published in the last years. This work permits researchers to compare and analyze potential fluoroquinolones as positive control agents and to evaluate changes occurring in their activities. More importantly, the selection of fluoroquinolones as positive controls by medicinal chemists when investigating novel FQs analogs must be correlated to the laboratory pathogen inquest for reliable results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer A. R. Y. Suaifan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Aya A. M. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Bayan A. Alkhawaja
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Naked-eye sensing and target-guiding treatment of bacterial infection using pH-tunable multicolor luminescent lanthanide-based hydrogel. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:731-740. [PMID: 34848051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a pH-tunable multicolor luminescent lanthanide-based hydrogel (CS/DEX/CP) was prepared based on lanthanide coordination polymer (CP), dextran aldehyde (DEX) and chitosan (CS). The CP was obtained by the self-assembly of guanosine acid (GMP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), Eu3+, and Tb3+. As-prepared CS/DEX/CP hydrogel could emit blue, green, and red luminescence of CIP, Tb3+, and Eu3+, respectively. It was also found that the luminescence of CS/DEX/CP hydrogel exhibited visual color change in the pH range of 5.5 to 8. Such pH-sensitive hydrogel was multicolor-responsive to protons produced by bacterial growth, therefore, it could provide early warning of bacterial infection by naked-eye. In addition, the increased acidity resulted in not only the degradation of acid-labile Schiff base linkages between DEX and CS, but also the fracture of coordination between CIP and lanthanide ions. As a result, the released CIP and CS showed significantly antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and E. coli.
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu T, Wang Y, Feng L, Tian X, Cui J, Yu Z, Wang C, Zhang B, James TD, Ma X. 2D Strategy for the Construction of an Enzyme-Activated NIR Fluorophore Suitable for the Visual Sensing and Profiling of Homologous Nitroreductases from Various Bacterial Species. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3348-3356. [PMID: 34469146 PMCID: PMC8477384 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitroreductases (NTRs) mediate the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds to the corresponding nitrite, hydroxylamine, or amino derivatives. The activity of NTRs in bacteria facilitates the metabolic activation and antibacterial activity of 5-nitroimidazoles. Therefore, NTR activity correlates with the drug susceptibility and resistance of pathogenic bacteria. As such, it is important to develop a rapid and visual assay for the real-time sensing of bacterial NTRs for the evaluation and development of antibiotics. Herein, an activatable near-infrared fluorescent probe (HC-NO2) derived from a hemicyanine fluorophore was designed and developed based on two evaluation factors, including the calculated partition coefficient (Clog P) and fluorescence wavelength. Using HC-NO2 as the special substrate of NTRs, NTR activity can be assayed efficiently, and then, bacteria can be imaged based on the detection of NTRs. More importantly, a sensitive in-gel assay using HC-NO2 has been developed to selectively identify NTRs and sensitively determine NTR activity. Using the in-gel assay, NTRs from various bacterial species have been profiled visually from the "fluorescence fingerprints", which facilitates the rapid identification of NTRs from bacterial lysates. Thus, various homologous NTRs were identified from three metronidazole-susceptible bacterial species as well as seven unsusceptible species, which were confirmed by the whole-genome sequence. As such, the evaluation of NTRs from different bacterial species should help improve the rational usage of 5-nitroimidazole drugs as antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian
University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jingnan Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian
University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Tony D. James
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan
Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Dalian
Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional
Chinese Medicine Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li CH, Huang R, Makabenta JM, Schmidt-Malan S, Patel R, Rotello VM. In situ Generation of Antibiotics using Bioorthogonal "Nanofactories". Microbiol Insights 2021; 14:1178636121997121. [PMID: 33707951 PMCID: PMC7907933 DOI: 10.1177/1178636121997121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prodrug strategies use chemical modifications to improve the pharmacokinetic properties and therefore therapeutic effects of parent drugs. Traditional prodrug approaches use endogenous enzymes for activation. Bioorthogonal catalysis uses processes that endogenous enzymes cannot access, providing a complementary strategy for prodrug uncaging. Site-selective activation of prodrugs to drugs (uncaging) using synthetic catalysts is a promising strategy for localized drug activation. We discuss here recent studies that incorporate metal catalysts into polymers and nanoparticle scaffolds to provide biocompatible "enzyme-like" catalysts that can penetrate bacterial biofilms and activate prodrug antibiotics in situ, affording a new strategy to treat bacterial biofilm infections with the potential for reduced off-target effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - Suzannah Schmidt-Malan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang S, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Xie B, Pan Z, Ouyang K, Peng T. Discovery of a highly efficient nitroaryl group for detection of nitroreductase and imaging of hypoxic tumor cells. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3469-3478. [PMID: 33899896 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00356a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a pathological hallmark of solid tumors. Detection of hypoxia is therefore of great interest for tumor diagnosis and treatment. As a well-established biomarker of hypoxia, nitroreductase (NTR) has been widely exploited in the development of hypoxia-responsive fluorescent probes on the basis of its enzymatic activity to reduce nitroaryl groups. However, studies on the relationship between the nitroaryl structure and the probe performance for optimal probe design are still rare. Here we report a comparative investigation of nitroaryl groups and identification of the optimal nitroaryl structure for developing new fluorescent probes with extremely high efficiency in the detection of NTR and the imaging of hypoxic tumor cells. Specifically, we synthesized a series of resorufin-based fluorescent probes containing different nitroaryl groups, compared their fluorescence responses to NTR, and identified 2-nitro-N-methyl-imidazolyl as the optimal nitroaryl group that is much more efficient than the most widely used 4-nitrophenyl for NTR detection. The structure-performance relationship was then studied by theoretical molecular docking, revealing the unique features of 2-nitro-N-methyl-imidazolyl in binding and reaction with NTR. We further incorporated the 2-nitro-N-methyl-imidazolyl group into a near-infrared (NIR) hemicyanine fluorophore and developed a NIR fluorescent probe NFP-7 for the detection of NTR and hypoxic tumor cells. NFP-7 exhibits a strong fluorescence increase toward NTR in vitro with an ultrafast (within 40 seconds to fluorescence maximum) and ultrasensitive (0.2 ng mL-1 detection limit) response. NFP-7 has also been demonstrated for imaging the degree of hypoxia in live tumor cells and, more importantly, in a murine tumor model. Our study provides important insights into hypoxia probe development and new tools for hypoxia imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Boyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Zhixiang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gonzaga RV, do Nascimento LA, Santos SS, Machado Sanches BA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. Perspectives About Self-Immolative Drug Delivery Systems. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3262-3281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
16
|
Malwal SR, Pardeshi KA, Chakrapani H. Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfite Diesters and their Evaluation as Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Donors. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1201-1205. [PMID: 31709695 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) finds widespread use in the food industry as its hydrated sulfite form, a number of aspects of SO2 biology remain to be completely understood. Of the tools available for intracellular enhancement of SO2 levels, most suffer from poor cell permeability and a lack of control over SO2 release. We report 1,2-cyclic sulfite diesters as a new class of reliable SO2 donors that dissociate in buffer through nucleophilic displacement to produce SO2 with tunable release profiles. We provide data in support of the suitability of these SO2 donors to enhance intracellular SO2 levels more efficiently than sodium bisulfite, the most commonly used SO2 donor for cellular studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish R Malwal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kundansingh A Pardeshi
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu J, Chen J, Song D, Zhang W, Guo J, Cai G, Ren Y, Wan C, Kong L, Yu W. Real-time monitoring of etoposide prodrug activated by hydrogen peroxide with improved safety. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7548-7557. [PMID: 31720667 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Etoposide is one of the most used first-line chemotherapeutic drugs. However, its application is still limited by its side effects. Herein, we designed a novel H2O2 sensitive prodrug 6YT for selectively releasing the anti-cancer drug etoposide in cancer cells. In this paper, etoposide and a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensitive aryl borate ester group were linked by a fluorescent coumarin and finally the prodrug 6YT was generated. The fluorescence of coumarin was quenched before the connected aryl borate ester group was cleaved by H2O2. However, in the high level H2O2 environment of the tumor, the fluorescence could be activated simultaneously with the release of etoposide, and the drug release state of the prodrug was monitored real-time. With the support of 6YT, we obtained direct and visual evidence of etoposide release in a high H2O2 environment both in cells and zebrafish. The prodrug 6YT was also verified with comparable activity and improved safety with etoposide both in cells and in a mouse model. As a safe and effective prodrug, 6YT is expected to be one of the promising candidates in chemotherapy against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingting Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongmei Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenda Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianpeng Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guiping Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhao Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengying Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenying Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Evaluating the level of nitroreductase activity in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to support strategies for nitro drug and prodrug development. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:538-546. [PMID: 31398484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To understand the potential utility of novel nitroreductase (NR)-activated prodrugs, NR enzyme activity was assessed in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates using a NR-activated fluorescent probe. NR activity was constant throughout the bacterial growth cycle, but individual K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited a wide range of NR activity levels. The genes of major NR enzymes (nfsA and nfnB) showed a number of sequence variants. Aside from a C-terminal extension of NfnB, which may be responsible for lower NR activity in specific isolates, the genetic differences did not explain the variation in activity. Analysis of important clinical strains (ST11, ST258, ST14 and ST101) showed significant variation in NR activity between isolates within the same sequence type despite conservation of nfsA/nfnB sequences. Addition of methyl viologen (MV), a known activator of soxRS, caused a significant increase in NR activity for all strains, with proportionally larger increases in activity seen for strains with low uninduced NR levels. Real-time PCR on selected strains following exposure to MV showed upregulation of soxS (15-32-fold) and nfsA (5-22-fold) in all strains tested. Expression of nfnB was upregulated 2-5-fold in 4/6 strains tested. High levels of NR activity in the absence of MV activation correlated with nitrofurantoin susceptibility. These data provide evidence that NR gene mutations and regulatory pathways influence NR activity in K. pneumoniae isolates and this is likely to impact treatment efficacy with novel nitro-containing drugs or prodrugs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Venkatesh Y, Kiran KS, Shah SS, Chaudhuri A, Dey S, Singh NDP. One- and two-photon responsive sulfur dioxide (SO2) donors: a combinatorial drug delivery for improved antibiotic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2640-2645. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Light-activated sulfur dioxide donors have been developed and explored their applicability for combinatorial antibiotic therapy with self-monitoring ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yarra Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- 721302 Kharagpur
- India
| | - Kumari Shanti Kiran
- Department of Biotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- 721302 Kharagpur
- India
| | - Sk. Sheriff Shah
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- 721302 Kharagpur
- India
| | - Amrita Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- 721302 Kharagpur
- India
| | - Satyahari Dey
- Department of Biotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- 721302 Kharagpur
- India
| | - N. D. Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- 721302 Kharagpur
- India
| |
Collapse
|