1
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Șerban AM, Nacu I, Rosca I, Ghilan A, Rusu AG, Niță LE, Darie-Niță RN, Chiriac AP. Preparation and Characterization of Polymeric Microparticles Based on Poly(ethylene brassylate-co-squaric Acid) Loaded with Norfloxacin. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:550. [PMID: 38675211 PMCID: PMC11053867 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing interest has been accorded to polyester-based polymer microstructures, driven by their promising potential as advanced drug delivery systems. This study presents the preparation and characterization of new polymeric microparticles based on poly(ethylene brassylate-co-squaric acid) loaded with norfloxacin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Polymacrolactone was synthesised in mild conditions through the emulsion polymerization of bio-based and renewable monomers, ethylene brassylate, and squaric acid. The microparticles were obtained using the precipitation technique and subsequently subjected to comprehensive characterization. The impact of the copolymer/drug ratio on various properties of the new system was systematically evaluated, confirming the structure of the copolymer and the encapsulation of norfloxacin. The microspheres are approximately spherical and predominantly homogeneously distributed. The average hydrodynamic diameter of the microparticles falls between 400 and 2000 nm, a decrease that is observed with the increase in norfloxacin content. All samples showed good encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity, with the highest values obtained for microparticles synthesised using an equal ratio of copolymer and drug. In vitro drug release results disclose that norfloxacin molecules are released in a sustained biphasic manner for up to 24 h. Antimicrobial activity was also studied, with samples showing very good activity against E. coli and moderate activity against S. aureus and E. faecalis. In addition, HDFA human fibroblast cell cultures demonstrated the cytocompatibility of the microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru-Mihail Șerban
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Isabella Nacu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 9-13 Kogalniceanu Street, 700454 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Rosca
- Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Ghilan
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Gabriela Rusu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Loredana Elena Niță
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Raluca Nicoleta Darie-Niță
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Aurica P Chiriac
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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2
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Li Y, Wang W, Chen L, Ma H, Lu X, Ma H, Liu Z. Visible-Light-Driven Z-Type Pg-C 3N 4/Nitrogen Doped Biochar/BiVO 4 Photo-Catalysts for the Degradation of Norfloxacin. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1634. [PMID: 38612148 PMCID: PMC11012328 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics cannot be effectively removed by traditional wastewater treatment processes, and have become widespread pollutants in various environments. In this study, a Z-type heterojunction photo-catalyst Pg-C3N4 (PCN)/Nitrogen doped biochar (N-Biochar)/BiVO4 (NCBN) for the degradation of norfloxacin (NOR) was prepared by the hydrothermal method. The specific surface area of the NCBN (42.88 m2/g) was further improved compared to BiVO4 (4.528 m2/g). The photo-catalytic performance of the catalyst was investigated, and the N-Biochar acted as a charge transfer channel to promote carrier separation and form Z-type heterojunctions. Moreover, the NCBN exhibited excellent performance (92.5%) in removing NOR, which maintained 70% degradation after four cycles. The main active substance of the NCBN was •O2-, and the possible degradation pathways are provided. This work will provide a theoretical basis for the construction of heterojunction photo-catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Huifang Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xi Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhibao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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3
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Liu M, Guinart A, Granados A, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Fernández E, Pleixats R, Vallribera A. Coated Cotton Fabrics with Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Silica Nanoparticles for Improving Wound Healing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:14595-14604. [PMID: 38469717 PMCID: PMC10982928 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the preparation of bifunctional silica nanoparticles by covalent attachment of both an anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen) and an antibiotic (levofloxacin or norfloxacin) through amide groups. We also describe the coating of cotton fabrics with silica nanoparticles containing both ibuprofen and norfloxacin moieties linked by amide groups by using a one-step coating procedure under ultrasonic conditions. The functionalized nanoparticles and cotton fabrics have been characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The functionalized nanoparticles and textiles have been treated with model proteases for the in situ release of the drugs by the amide bond enzymatic cleavage. Topical dermal applications in medical bandages are expected, which favor wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Axel Guinart
- Department
of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Granados
- Department
of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Department
of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Fernández
- Departament
de Biología Cel.lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Pleixats
- Department
of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adelina Vallribera
- Department
of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Hu B, Zhao W, Chen L, Liu Y, Ma Z, Yan Y, Meng M. Enhanced Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Test Strip for Rapid and Visual Detection of Norfloxacin via a Smartphone. Molecules 2024; 29:661. [PMID: 38338405 PMCID: PMC10856333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Paper-based test strips with on-site visual detection have become a hot spot in the field of target detection. Yet, low specific surface area and uneven deposition limit the further application of test strips. Herein, a novel "turn-on" ratio of molecularly imprinted membranes (Eu@CDs-MIMs) was successfully prepared based on a Eu complex-doped polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for the selective, rapid and on-site visual detection of norfloxacin (NOR). The formation of surface-imprinted polymer-containing carbon dots (CDs) improves the roughness and hydrophilicity of Eu@CDs-MIMs. Fluorescence lifetimes and UV absorption spectra verified that the fluorescence enhancement of CDs is based on the synergistic effect of charge transfer and hydrogen bonding between CDs and NOR. The fluorescent test strip showed a linear fluorescent response within the concentration range of 5-50 nM with a limit of detection of 1.35 nM and a short response time of 1 min. In comparison with filter paper-based test strips, Eu@CDs-MIMs exhibit a brighter and more uniform fluorescent color change from red to blue that is visible to the naked eye. Additionally, the applied ratio fluorescent test strip was combined with a smartphone to translate RGB values into concentrations for the visual and quantitative detection of NOR and verified the detection results using high-performance liquid chromatography. The portable fluorescent test strip provides a reliable approach for the rapid, visual, and on-site detection of NOR and quinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.H.); (Z.M.)
| | - Wenshi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Li Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (L.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhongfei Ma
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.H.); (Z.M.)
| | - Yongsheng Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (L.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Minjia Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (L.C.); (Y.Y.)
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Li X, Jiang Y, Liu T, Yuan M, Ma X. Effects of aging methods on the adsorption of antibiotics in wastewater by soybean straw biochar. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:468-478. [PMID: 37649238 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The environmental pollution and ecological risks caused by the widespread use of antibiotics have attracted attention in recent years. Biochar materials have a rich pore diameter and can effectively adsorb pollutants from wastewater. However, biochar will experience high temperatures, freezing and thawing in nature, affecting its physicochemical properties and adsorption capacity. Three types of aged biochar were prepared by artificial simulated aging using soybean straw as raw material. The aged biochar's elemental composition and functional group species were investigated by characterization analysis, and their adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were studied. RESULTS The specific surface area and pore size of the three aged biochars were lower than those of fresh biochars. The increased number of oxygen-containing functional groups of the aged biochars formed a water cluster interaction with norfloxacin (NOR), which was unfavorable to the adsorption of NOR. The adsorption mechanism of biochar on NOR comprises pore filling, electrostatic interaction, ion exchange and complexation. CONCLUSION The adsorption of NOR on biochar before and after aging was spontaneous and was described by quasi-second kinetics and the Langmuir equation. Different aging methods influenced the physicochemical properties and adsorption performance of biochar, and the adsorption capacity of biochar was significantly reduced after aging. Therefore, the influence of climatic factors needs to be considered when using biochar to remove target pollutants. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Songliao River Water and soil maintenance monitoring center station, Songliao Water Conservancy Commission, Changchun, China
| | - Tonglinxi Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Muzi Yuan
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiulan Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Kamal El-sagheir A, Abdelmesseh Nekhala I, Abd El-Gaber MK, Aboraia AS, Persson J, Schäfer AB, Wenzel M, Omar FA. N4-Substituted Piperazinyl Norfloxacin Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Multiple Mechanisms on Gyrase, Topoisomerase IV, and Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis. ACS Bio Med Chem Au 2023; 3:494-506. [PMID: 38144255 PMCID: PMC10739246 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antitubercular activity. Here, we describe the design and synthesis of a series of 38 N4-substituted piperazinyl norfloxacin derivatives. Their activity and mechanism of action were characterized using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. Several compounds displayed interesting activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and few displayed antimycobacterial activity, whereby some were as potent as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Molecular docking experiments suggested that the new derivatives inhibit both DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV in a similar manner as norfloxacin. Selecting the most promising candidates for experimental mode of action analysis, we confirmed DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV as targets of all tested compounds using enzymatic in vitro assays. Phenotypic analysis of both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis confirmed a typical gyrase inhibition phenotype for all of the tested compounds. Assessment of possible additional targets revealed three compounds with unique effects on the B. subtilis cell wall synthesis machinery, suggesting that they may have an additional target in this pathway. Comparison with known cell wall synthesis inhibitors showed that the new compounds elicit a distinct and, so far, unique phenotype, suggesting that they act differently from known cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Interestingly, our phenotypic analysis revealed that both norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin displayed additional cellular effects as well, which may be indicative of the so far unknown additional mechanisms of fluoroquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ireny Abdelmesseh Nekhala
- Division
of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ahmed S. Aboraia
- Medicinal
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Jonatan Persson
- Division
of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Britt Schäfer
- Division
of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michaela Wenzel
- Division
of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center
for Antibiotic Resistance Research in Gothenburg (CARe), 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Farghaly A. Omar
- Medicinal
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Izmest'ev ES, Pestova SV, Kolesnikova AI, Baidamshina DR, Kayumov AR, Rubtsova SA. Terpene-Functionalized Fluoroquinolones as Potential Antimicrobials: Synthesis and Properties. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300358. [PMID: 37872856 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was the first to synthesize terpene-containing conjugates of fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against gram-positive methicillin sensitive (MSSA) and methicillin resistant (MRSA) S. aureus, gram-negative P. aeruginosa as well as antifungal activity against C. albicans. The ability of obtained fluoroquinolones to inhibit S. aureus growth was found to depend upon the presence of a linker separating the bulky terpene and fluoroquinolone fragments, and this activity diminished with increasing its length. The highest activity against MSSA was demonstrated by ciprofloxacin derivatives with campholenic (MIC 1 μg/mL) and 2-(isobornan-2-yl-sulfanyl)acetyl (MIC 0.5 μg/mL) substituents. The compound with the last fragment showed high activity against MRSA (MIC 8 μg/mL). The terpene-functionalized norfloxacin derivatives generally proved to be less active than those containing ciprofloxacin fragment. Camphor-10-sulfonylamide derivative with the ciprofloxacin fragment was the only one of all compounds that showed high antifungal activity against C. albicans (8 μg/mL). The study presents data on docking fluoroquinolones to S. aureus DNA gyrase to explain the reasons for manifestation or disappearance of antibacterial activity. The cytotoxicity of fluoroquinolones that showed any antimicrobial activity was investigated against bovine primary lung cells, and they were found to be not toxic in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy S Izmest'ev
- Institute of Chemistry, FRC Komi Science Center Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 48, Pervomaiskaya St., 167000, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana V Pestova
- Institute of Chemistry, FRC Komi Science Center Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 48, Pervomaiskaya St., 167000, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Alena I Kolesnikova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18, Kremlevskaya St., 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Diana R Baidamshina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18, Kremlevskaya St., 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Airat R Kayumov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18, Kremlevskaya St., 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Rubtsova
- Institute of Chemistry, FRC Komi Science Center Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 48, Pervomaiskaya St., 167000, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
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8
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Wu JH, Li DL, Tan XH, Chen XW, Liu YL, Munang'andu HM, Peng B. Functional Proteomics Analysis of Norfloxacin-Resistant Edwardsiella tarda. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3489-3498. [PMID: 37856871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Edwardsiella tarda threatens both sustainable aquaculture and human health, but the control measure is still lacking. In this study, we adopted functional proteomics to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying norfloxacin (NOR) resistance in E. tarda. We found that E. tarda had a global proteomic shift upon acquisition of NOR resistance, featured with increased expression of siderophore biosynthesis and Fe3+-hydroxamate transport. Thus, either inhibition of siderophore biosynthesis with salicyl-AMS or treatment with another antibiotic, kitasamycin (Kit), which was uptake through Fe3+-hydroxamate transport, enhanced NOR killing of NOR-resistant E. tarda both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the combination of NOR, salicyl-AMS, and Kit had the highest efficacy in promoting the killing effects of NOR than any drug alone. Such synergistic effect not only confirmed in vitro and in vivo bacterial killing assays but also applicable to other clinic E. tarda isolates. Thus, our data suggest a proteomic-based approach to identify potential targets to enhance antibiotic killing and propose an alternative way to control infection of multidrug-resistant E. tarda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - De-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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Gomes SN, Biscaia IFB, Lopes DS, Mengarda M, Murakami FS, Oliveira PR, Bernardi LS. Cocrystals Enhance Biopharmaceutical and Antimicrobial Properties of Norfloxacin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2211. [PMID: 37765180 PMCID: PMC10536922 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A solvate cocrystal of the antimicrobial norfloxacin (NFX) was formed by using isonicotinamide (INA) as a coformer with the solvent evaporation technique. The cocrystal formation was confirmed by performing solid-state characterization techniques. We evaluated the dissolution under supersaturated conditions and also the solubility at the vertex of triphasic domain of cocrystal and NFX in both water and Fasted-State Simulated Intestinal Fluid (FaSSIF). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the microdilution technique. The cocrystal showed 1.8 times higher dissolution than NFX in water at 60 min and 1.3 times higher in FaSSIF at 180 min in the kinetic study. The cocrystal also had an increase in solubility of 8.38 times in water and 6.41 times in FaSSIF. The biopharmaceutical properties of NFX with cocrystallization improved antimicrobial action, as shown in the results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and inhibitory concentrations of 50% (IC50%) and 90% (IC90%). This paper presents, for the first time, a more in-depth analysis of the cocrystal of NFX-INA concerning its dissolution, solubility, and antimicrobial activity. In all these criteria, the cocrystal obtained better results compared to the pure drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Nascimento Gomes
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava 85040-080, Brazil; (S.N.G.); (I.F.B.B.); (D.S.L.); (L.S.B.)
| | - Isabela Fanelli Barreto Biscaia
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava 85040-080, Brazil; (S.N.G.); (I.F.B.B.); (D.S.L.); (L.S.B.)
| | - Diana Schon Lopes
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava 85040-080, Brazil; (S.N.G.); (I.F.B.B.); (D.S.L.); (L.S.B.)
| | - Mariana Mengarda
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil (F.S.M.)
| | - Fábio Seigi Murakami
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil (F.S.M.)
| | - Paulo Renato Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava 85040-080, Brazil; (S.N.G.); (I.F.B.B.); (D.S.L.); (L.S.B.)
| | - Larissa Sakis Bernardi
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava 85040-080, Brazil; (S.N.G.); (I.F.B.B.); (D.S.L.); (L.S.B.)
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10
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Budhori A, Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Sharma A, Kumar M, Gautam G, Virmani T, Kumar G, Alhalmi A, Noman OM, Hasson S, Mothana RA. QbD Design, Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Trans-Tympanic Reverse Gelatination Gel of Norfloxacin: Investigating Gene-Gene Interactions to Enhance Therapeutic Efficacy. Gels 2023; 9:657. [PMID: 37623112 PMCID: PMC10454480 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional otic drug delivery methods lack controlled release capabilities, making reverse gelatination gels a promising alternative. Reverse gelatination gels are colloidal systems that transition from a sol to a gel phase at the target site, providing controlled drug release over an extended period. Thermosensitive norfloxacin reverse gelatination gels were developed using a Quality by Design (QbD)-based optimization approach. The formulations were evaluated for their in vitro release profile, rheological behavior, visual appearance, pH, gelling time, and sol-gel transition temperature. The results show that the gelation temperatures of the formulations ranged from 33 to 37 °C, with gelling durations between 35 and 90 s. The drug content in the formulations was uniform, with entrapment efficiency ranging from 55% to 95%. Among the formulations, F10 exhibited the most favorable properties and was selected for a stability study lasting 60 days. Ex-vivo release data demonstrate that the F10 formulation achieved 95.6percentage of drug release at 360 min. This study successfully developed thermosensitive norfloxacin reverse gelatination gels using a QbD-based optimization approach. The selected formulation, F10, exhibited desirable properties in terms of gelling temperature, drug content, and release profile. These gels hold potential for the controlled delivery of norfloxacin in the treatment of ear infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Budhori
- Devsthali Vidyapeeth Institute of Pharmacy, Lalpur, Rudrapur 263148, India;
| | | | - Varsha Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Moradabad 244102, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India;
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana 142024, India;
| | | | - Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121105, India; (T.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Girish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121105, India; (T.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Omar Mohammed Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.N.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UG, UK;
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.N.); (R.A.M.)
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11
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Fang L, Tang K, Wei D, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. Photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin by magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers: influencing factors and mechanisms. Environ Technol 2023; 44:1438-1449. [PMID: 34738505 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2003442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIP) were prepared for selective removal of norfloxacin by effectively utilizing photocatalytic degradation and magnetic separation techniques. The imprinted material with titanium layer and multihole surface showed an excellent photocatalytic property. In this paper, the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin by MMIP was explored, and the influences of environmental factors, including solution pH, humic acid, common ions and water media on photocatalytic performance of MMIP were elucidated. The results showed that MMIP had good adaptability and could degrade norfloxacin within 60 min, but the degradation rate constant decreased in surface water. Based on the identification of intermediate products, the possible degradation pathways of norfloxacin were analysed, speculating that it might be degraded into small molecules in the form of de-piperazine ring, de-carboxyl group and de-fluorine. Moreover, the mineralization ratio of norfloxacin could reach 84.2% after ultraviolet irradiation for 150 min, and the low cobalt release of MMIP enhanced the security of the material. The results of adsorption and degradation cycle tests showed that MMIP obtained by molecular imprinting technology had excellent performance in sustainable use for micro organic pollutants removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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12
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Liu Z, Zhang L, Song Q, Song H, Xu Y, Lu J, Xu Q, Tang Y, Liu Y, Wang G, Lin X. Quantitative Proteomics Reveal the Inherent Antibiotic Resistance Mechanism against Norfloxacin Resistance in Aeromonas hydrophila. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:1193-1200. [PMID: 36856436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila antibiotic-resistant strains has been reported in aquaculture, but its intrinsic antibiotic resistance mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, a label-free proteomics technology was used to compare the differential protein abundances in response to norfloxacin (NOR) stress in A. hydrophila. The results showed that there were 186 proteins decreasing and 220 proteins increasing abundances in response to NOR stress. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were enriched in several biological processes, such as sulfur metabolism and homologous recombination. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity assays showed that the deletion of AHA_0904, cirA, and cysI significantly decreased the resistance against NOR, whereas ΔAHA_1239, ΔcysA, ΔcysD, and ΔcysN significantly increased the resistance against NOR. Our results provide insights into NOR resistance mechanisms and indicate that AHA_0904, cirA, AHA_1239, and sulfur metabolism may play important roles in NOR resistance in A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiu Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingli Song
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huanhuan Song
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yunqi Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinlian Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiaozhen Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuze Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiangmin Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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13
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Cheng Y, Yang Q, Wang J, Hu Z, Li C, Zhong S, Huang N. Optimization Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Grafted Norfloxacin as a Hemostatic Sponge. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36771973 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the great harm to the human body caused by severe and massive bleeding, in this study, chitosan-grafted norfloxacin (CTS-NF) composites were prepared with chitosan (CTS) and norfloxacin (NF) as raw materials by a 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide-mediated coupling method to solve the limitations of slow hemostatic and poor anti-infective effects of current dressings on the market. The effects of the mass ratio of CTS to NF (MCTS/MNF), reaction temperature T and reaction time t on the grafting rate (η%) of the products were investigated through single factor tests. The preparation process was optimized with the η% as an evaluation index by means of the Box-Behnken test design and response surface analysis. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by inhibition zone assay, and the hemostatic activity of the prepared composites was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results suggested that the optimum preparation conditions were the mass ratio of CTS to NF (MCTS/MNF) 5:3, reaction temperature 65 °C, and reaction time 4 h. Under this condition, the η% of CTS-NF was 45.5%. The CTS-NF composites displayed significant antimicrobial activities. Moreover, in vitro hemostasis results revealed that the CTS-NF composite had a lower blood clotting index and absorbed red blood cells to promote aggregation. In vivo ear and live hemostasis, the CTS-NF groups showed short hemostatic time (49.75 ± 3.32 s and 50.00 ± 7.21 s) and more blood loss (0.07 ± 0.010 g and 0.075 ± 0.013 g). The results showed that CTS-NF reduced the bleeding time and volume, exhibiting a significant coagulation effect. Therefore, the CTS-NF sponge is expected to be a new, effective hemostatic and antibacterial material in the future.
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14
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Chen S, Zhu Y, Han J, Zhang T, Chou R, Liu A, Liu S, Yang Y, Hu K, Zou L. Construction of a Molecularly Imprinted Sensor Modified with Tea Branch Biochar and Its Rapid Detection of Norfloxacin Residues in Animal-Derived Foods. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36766073 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Norfloxacin (NOR) is a common antibiotic used in humans and animals, and its high levels can cause intolerance or poisoning. Therefore, NOR levels in animal-derived foods must be monitored due to potential side effects and illegal use phenomena. This research centered on the development of an environmentally friendly electrochemical sensor for NOR detection. Potassium carbonate activated tea branch biochar (K-TBC) as an efficient use of waste was coated on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and a molecular-imprinted polymer (MIP) layer was subsequently electropolymerized onto the modified electrode. NOR was used as template molecule and o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) and o-aminophenol (o-AP) were used as bifunctional monomers. The electrochemical sensor was built and its electrochemical behavior on NOR was investigated. The sensor demonstrated an excellent linear current response to NOR concentrations in the ranges of 0.1-0.5 nM and 0.5-100 nM under ideal experimental circumstances, with a detection limit of 0.028 nM (S/N = 3). With recoveries ranging from 85.90% to 101.71%, the designed sensor was effectively used to detect NOR in actual samples of milk, honey, and pork. Besides, the fabricated sensor had low price, short detection time, good selectivity and stability, which can provide a theoretical and practical basis for the actual monitoring of NOR residues.
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15
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Jiang Y, Fang S, Feng J, Ruan Q, Zhang J. Synthesis and Bioevaluation of Novel Technetium-99m-Labeled Complexes with Norfloxacin HYNIC Derivatives for Bacterial Infection Imaging. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:630-640. [PMID: 36398935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To seek a novel 99mTc-labeled quinolone derivative for bacterial infection SPECT imaging that aims to lower nontarget organ uptake, a novel norfloxacin 6-hydrazinoicotinamide (HYNIC) derivative (HYNICNF) was designed and synthesized. It was radiolabeled with different coligands, such as tricine, trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3',3″-trisulfonate (TPPTS), sodium triphenylphosphine-3-monosulfonate (TPPMS), and ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (EDDA), to obtain three 99mTc-labeled norfloxacin HYNIC complexes, namely, [99mTc]Tc-tricine-TPPTS-HYNICNF, [99mTc]Tc-tricine-TPPMS-HYNICNF, and [99mTc]Tc-EDDA-HYNICNF. These complexes were purified (RCP > 95%) and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for targeting bacteria. All three complexes are hydrophilic, maintain good stability, and specifically bind Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. The biodistribution in mice with bacterial infection demonstrated that [99mTc]Tc-EDDA-HYNICNF showed a higher abscess uptake and lower nontarget organ uptake and was able to distinguish bacterial infection and sterile inflammation. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image study in bacterial infection mice showed there was a visible accumulation in the infection site, suggesting that [99mTc]Tc-EDDA-HYNICNF is a potential radiotracer for bacterial infection imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Si'an Fang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qing Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Product Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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16
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Duan L, Yang H, Wang F. Effect of Different Lead and Cadmium Salts on the Photolytic Degradation of Two Typical Fluoroquinolones under Natural Sunlight Irradiation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:323. [PMID: 36612644 PMCID: PMC9819336 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different lead and cadmium salts (Pb(NO3)2, Cd(NO3)2, PbCl2, and CdCl2) on the photolytic degradation of two typical fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin (LVF) and norfloxacin (NOR)) under natural sunlight irradiation. Their half-life time and photolytic kinetic constants (k) were calculated at different molar ratios. The results indicated that the photolytic degradation curves of LVF and NOR followed apparent first-order kinetics. After 42 days of sunlight irradiation, approximately 48.3-69.4% of NOR was decomposed when the initial concentration increased from 0.006 to 0.06 mmol/L. In comparison, only 9.8-43.4% of LVF was decomposed. The k of NOR ranged from 0.79 × 10-3 to 1.30 × 10-3 h-1, and the k of LVF increased from 6.82 × 10-4 to 1.61 × 10-4 h-1. Compared with the control, the Pb2+ and Cd2+ participation tended to enhance the LVF and NOR photodegradation. The effects of Cd2+ on the photodegradation efficiency were more significant than those of Pb2+. It was inferred that the presence of aqueous NO3- obviously suppressed the NOR degradation, but Cl- had slight effects on these two fluoroquinolones' photodegradation. These results are of importance toward the understanding of the persistence of FQs under natural sunlight irradiation in surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunchao Duan
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Resources Coordination and Service Center, Nanjing 210018, China
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210097, China
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Munir S, Khurshid M, Ahmad M, Ashfaq UA, Zaki MEA. Exploring the Antimicrobial and Pharmacological Potential of NF22 as a Potent Inhibitor of E. coli DNA Gyrase: An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122768. [PMID: 36559262 PMCID: PMC9784730 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Toward the search for novel antimicrobial agents to control pathogenic E. coli-associated infections, a series of novel norfloxacin derivatives were screened for antimicrobial activities. The norfloxacin derivative, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-(4-(2-(2-(3-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-2-oxoethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (NF22) demonstrated excellent antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 25922 (MIC = 0.0625 μg/mL) and MDR E. coli 1-3 (MIC = 1, 2 and 1 µg/mL). The time-kill kinetic studies have demonstrated that the NF22 was advantageous over norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in killing the control and MDR E. coli strains. The checkerboard assay showed that NF22 in combination with tetracycline had a synergistic effect against the E. coli strains. The experimental findings are supported by molecular modeling studies on DNA gyrase, explaining the interactions involved for compound NF22, compared to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Further, the compound was also evaluated for various pharmacokinetics (absorption, metabolism, distribution, toxicity and excretion) as well as drug-likeness properties. Our data have highlighted the potential of norfloxacin by restoring its efficacy against E. coli which could lead to the development of new antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samman Munir
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (U.A.A.); (M.E.A.Z.)
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (U.A.A.); (M.E.A.Z.)
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Yadoung S, Ishimatsu R, Xu ZL, Sringarm K, Pata S, Thongkham M, Chantara S, Pattarawarapan M, Hongsibsong S. Development of IgY-Based Indirect Competitive ELISA for the Detection of Fluoroquinolone Residues in Chicken and Pork Samples. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1512. [PMID: 36358166 PMCID: PMC9686788 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are among the antibiotics whose widespread use in farm-raised animals results in potentially harmful residues in the end products. Additionally, most Thai farmers use antibiotics. Amoxicillin and enrofloxacin were commonly used by pig farms, and hens were given enrofloxacin to prevent immunization side effects. Moreover, antibiotic overuse has harmed food safety in the long term, and the use of low-dose antibiotics causes bacterial resistance. Herein, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was used to make a fast, easy, sensitive, and cost-effective method for monitoring FQs residues. After immunizing hens with mixed multi-hapten ciprofloxacin-bovine serum albumin (CPFX-BSA) with norfloxacin-bovine serum albumin (NFX-BSA), the IgY antibody purified from egg yolk was used for the detection of FQs residues in chicken and pork samples. The efficiency of the IgY antibody showed excellent sensitivity, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of enrofloxacin at 0.05 µg/mL, far below the MRLs defined by the EU for muscle samples, which was not to exceed 100 µg/kg. The recovery range for chicken muscle samples spiked with ENFX concentrations of 1.00-0.01 µg/mL was 86.65-112.71%, similar to pork samples, which were 84.24-117.22.2%. This method has a lot of potential for analyzing fluoroquinolones in complex samples quickly, easily, and at a low cost on-site. The IgY-based ic ELISA was developed to detect ciprofloxacin (CPFX), norfloxacin (NFX), and enrofloxacin (ENFX) residues; it confirms that IgY could be a promising choice for the detection of antibiotic residues in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumed Yadoung
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Marninphan Thongkham
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Somporn Chantara
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Mookda Pattarawarapan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Surat Hongsibsong
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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19
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Parmigiani M, Albini B, Pellegrini G, Genovesi M, De Vita L, Pallavicini P, Dacarro G, Galinetto P, Taglietti A. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Chips Based on Silver Coated Gold Nanostars. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12203609. [PMID: 36296798 PMCID: PMC9609606 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is becoming widely used as an analytical tool, and the search for stable and highly responsive SERS substrates able to give ultralow detection of pollutants is a current challenge. In this paper we boosted the SERS response of Gold nanostars (GNS) demonstrating that their coating with a layer of silver having a proper thickness produces a 7-fold increase in SERS signals. Glass supported monolayers of these GNS@Ag were then prepared using simple alcoxyliane chemistry, yielding efficient and reproducible SERS chips, which were tested for the detection of molecules representative of different classes of pollutants. Among them, norfloxacin was detected down to 3 ppb, which is one of the lowest limits of detection obtained with this technique for the analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Parmigiani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Benedetta Albini
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Genovesi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo De Vita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Dacarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Galinetto
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Angelo Taglietti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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O'Boyle N, Boyd A. Validation of a random Vibrio parahaemolyticus genomic library by selection of quinolone resistance in a heterologous host. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35536738 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a shellfish-borne pathogen that is a highly prevalent causative agent of inflammatory gastroenteritis in humans. Genomic libraries have proven useful for the identification of novel gene functions in many bacterial species. In this study we prepared a library containing 40 kb fragments of randomly sheared V. parahaemolyticus genomic DNA and introduced this into Escherichia coli HB101 using a commercially available low copy cosmid system. In order to estimate coverage and suitability of the library and potentially identify novel antimicrobial resistance determinants, we screened for the acquisition of resistance to the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin - a phenotype exhibited by V. parahaemolyticus but not the heterologous E. coli host. Upon selection on solid medium containing norfloxacin, 0.52% of the library population was resistant, consistent with the selection of a single resistance locus. End-sequencing identified six distinct insert fragments. All clones displayed fourfold increased norfloxacin MIC compared with E. coli HB101 carrying an empty vector. The common locus contained within resistant clones included qnr, a previously described quinolone resistance gene. These results indicate that the library was unbiased, of sufficient coverage and that heterologous expression was possible. While we hope that this library proves useful for identifying the genetic determinants of complex phenotypes such as those related to virulence, not all norfloxacin resistance genes were detected in our screen. As such, we discuss the benefits and limitations of this approach for identifying the genetic basis of uncharacterized bacterial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky O'Boyle
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Aoife Boyd
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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Suaifan GARY, Mohammed AAM, Alkhawaja BA. Fluoroquinolones' Biological Activities against Laboratory Microbes and Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:1658. [PMID: 35268759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of novel derivatives to rein in and fight bacteria have never been more demanding, as microbial resistance strains are alarmingly increasing. A multitude of new fluoroquinolones derivatives with an improved spectrum of activity and/or enhanced pharmacokinetics parameters have been widely explored. Reporting novel antimicrobial agents entails comparing their potential activity to their parent drugs; hence, parent fluoroquinolones have been used in research as positive controls. Given that these fluoroquinolones possess variable activities according to their generation, it is necessary to include parent compounds and market available antibiotics of the same class when investigating antimicrobial activity. Herein, we provide a detailed guide on the in vitro biological activity of fluoroquinolones based on experimental results published in the last years. This work permits researchers to compare and analyze potential fluoroquinolones as positive control agents and to evaluate changes occurring in their activities. More importantly, the selection of fluoroquinolones as positive controls by medicinal chemists when investigating novel FQs analogs must be correlated to the laboratory pathogen inquest for reliable results.
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Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics with good oral bioavailability. They are used for the treatment of a wide variety of infections, but there are restrictions on prescribing these drugs. Epidemiological studies have reported an increased risk of rare adverse effects. These include tendinopathy and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy and aortic aneurysm. Safe prescribing of fluroquinolones requires recognition of patients with risk factors for toxicity. Prompt drug discontinuation is recommended in the event of an adverse reaction. Practising antimicrobial stewardship by prescribing fluoroquinolones only when alternative drugs are unavailable is also key to limiting adverse events and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diva Baggio
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health.,General Medicine Unit, Alfred Health.,Central Clinical School, Monash University.,Melbourne
| | - Michelle R Ananda-Rajah
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Health.,General Medicine Unit, Alfred Health.,Central Clinical School, Monash University.,Melbourne
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Abstract
Glabridin (Glb), a polyphenolic flavonoid inhibits the growth of MDRSA (Multidrug resistant S. aureus) 4627 by inducing ROS. Glb in combination with Norfloxacin (Nor) synergistically induced oxidative stress. Increased ROS/RNS levels, in particular, affected macromolecules' (DNA, lipid, protein) integrity and distorted cell morphology. We found correlation between drug-effects and up-/down-regulation of oxidative stress-related as well as MDR genes. These findings could considerably potentiate the dosing routine of Nor in combination with Glb, which holds a promising prospective as a antibacterial agent against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigyasa Singh
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona
| | - Anirban Pal
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
| | - Mahendra P Darokar
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
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Cotta KB, Mehra S, Bandyopadhyaya R. pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2021; 12:1127-1139. [PMID: 34703723 PMCID: PMC8505898 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle deployment in drug delivery is contingent upon controlled drug loading and a desired release profile, with simultaneous biocompatibility and cellular targeting. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), being biocompatible, are used as drug carriers. However, to prevent aggregation of bare IONPs, they are coated with stabilizing agents. We hypothesize that, zwitterionic drugs like norfloxacin (NOR, a fluoroquinolone) can manifest dual functionality - nanoparticle stabilization and antibiotic activity, eliminating the need of a separate stabilizing agent. Since these drugs have different charges, depending on the surrounding pH, drug loading enhancement could be pH dependent. Hence, upon synthesizing IONPs, they were coated with NOR, either at pH 5 (predominantly as cationic, NOR+) or at pH 10 (predominantly as anionic, NOR-). We observed that, drug loading at pH 5 exceeded that at pH 10 by 4.7-5.7 times. Furthermore, only the former (pH 5 system) exhibited a desirable slower drug release profile, compared to the free drug. NOR-coated IONPs also enable a 22 times higher drug accumulation in macrophages, compared to identical extracellular concentrations of the free drug. Thus, lowering the drug coating pH to 5 imparts multiple benefits - improved IONP stability, enhanced drug coating, higher drug uptake in macrophages at reduced toxicity and slower drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Berta Cotta
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra – 400076, India
| | - Sarika Mehra
- Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra – 400076, India
| | - Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya
- Chemical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra – 400076, India
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Khan MA, Khan S, Kazi M, Alshehri SM, Shahid M, Khan SU, Hussain Z, Sohail M, Shafique M, Hamid HA, Kamran M, Elhissi A, Wasim M, Thu HE. Norfloxacin Loaded Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Administration: Fabrication, Characterization, In Silico Modelling and Toxicity Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101632. [PMID: 34683925 PMCID: PMC8540086 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Norfloxacin (NOR), widely employed as an anti-bacterial drug, has poor oral bioavailability. Nano based drug delivery systems are widely used to overcome the existing oral bioavailability challenges. Lipid–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles (LPHNs) exhibit the distinctive advantages of both polymeric and liposomes nanoparticles, while excluding some of their disadvantages. In the current study, NOR loaded LPHNs were prepared, and were solid amorphous in nature, followed by in vitro and in vivo evaluation. The optimized process conditions resulted in LPHNs with the acceptable particle size 121.27 nm, Polydispersity Index (PDI) of 0.214 and zeta potential of −32 mv. The addition of a helper lipid, oleic acid, and polymers, ethyl cellulose, substantially increased the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) (65% to 97%). In vitro study showed a sustained drug release profile (75% within 12 h) for NOR LPHNs. The optimized NOR LPHNs showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in bioavailability compared to the commercial product. From the acute toxicity study, the LD50 value was found to be greater than 1600 mg/kg. The molecular modelling studies substantiated the experimental results with the best combination of polymers and surfactants that produced highly stable LPHNs. Therefore, LPHNs proved to be a promising system for the delivery of NOR, as well as for other antibiotics and hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asghar Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (M.A.K.); (H.A.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Shahzeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (M.A.K.); (H.A.H.); (M.K.)
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Kawazulu Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0092-345-9492-869
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Sultan M. Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Shafi Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences (SIMHR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 45550, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Muhammad Shafique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy-Boys, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hajra Afeera Hamid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (M.A.K.); (H.A.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Mahwish Kamran
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; (M.A.K.); (H.A.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Abdelbary Elhissi
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health and Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Muhammad Wasim
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 45550, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Hnin Ei Thu
- Research and Innovation Department, Lincolon University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Malaysia;
- Innoscience Research Institute, Subang Jaya 47650, Malaysia
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Girleanu I, Trifan A, Huiban L, Muzica C, Nemteanu R, Teodorescu A, Singeap AM, Cojocariu C, Chiriac S, Petrea O, Zenovia S, Nastasa R, Cuciureanu T, Stanciu C. The Risk of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Cirrhotic Patients Receiving Norfloxacin for Secondary Prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis-A Real Life Cohort. Medicina (Kaunas) 2021; 57:964. [PMID: 34577887 PMCID: PMC8464987 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis. Antibiotic prophylaxis is effective but can lead to an increased incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of CDI and the risk factors in cirrhotic patients with a previous episode of SBP receiving norfloxacin as secondary prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective, cohort study including patients with liver cirrhosis and SBP, successfully treated over a 2-year period in a tertiary university hospital. All the patients received secondary prophylaxis for SBP with norfloxacin 400 mg/day. Results: There were 122 patients with liver cirrhosis and SBP included (mean age 57.5 ± 10.8 years, 65.5% males). Alcoholic cirrhosis was the major etiology accounting for 63.1% of cases. The mean MELD score was 19.7 ± 6.1. Twenty-three (18.8%) of all patients developed CDI during follow-up, corresponding to an incidence of 24.8 cases per 10,000 person-years. The multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that alcoholic LC etiology (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.104-2.441, p = 0.029) and Child-Pugh C class (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.257-3.850, p = 0.034) were independent risk factors for CDI development during norfloxacin secondary prophylaxis. The development of CDI did not influence the mortality rates in cirrhotic patients with SBP receiving norfloxacin. Conclusions: Cirrhotic patients with SBP and Child-Pugh C class and alcoholic liver cirrhosis had a higher risk of developing Clostridioides difficile infection during norfloxacin secondary prophylaxis. In patients with alcoholic Child-Pugh C class liver cirrhosis, alternative prophylaxis should be evaluated as SBP secondary prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Girleanu
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Trifan
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Huiban
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Muzica
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Roxana Nemteanu
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Teodorescu
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Singeap
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Cojocariu
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Stefan Chiriac
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Petrea
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sebastian Zenovia
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Robert Nastasa
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Tudor Cuciureanu
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carol Stanciu
- Gastroenterology Department “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (L.H.); (C.M.); (R.N.); (A.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (O.P.); (S.Z.); (R.N.); (T.C.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Chen XR, Cui WR, Liang RP, Zhang CR, Xu RH, Jiang W, Qiu JD. Band Gap Engineering in Vinylene-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants and Disinfection of Bacteria. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:6502-6511. [PMID: 35006884 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is regarded as one of the most promising technologies to remove organic contaminants. At present, most of the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) used as photocatalysts are connected by imine or borate bonds, which have relatively low stability and relatively poor π-delocalization. Herein, we report, for the first time, vinylene-linked COFs constructed by various diacetylene and triazine moieties for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants and disinfection of bacteria. The pioneering introduction of diacetylene moieties not only enhances conjugated π-electrons delocalization but also optimizes the electronic band structures that significantly improve photocatalytic activity. Therefore, the vinylene-bridged COFs have excellent photocatalytic activity with ultrahigh stability and great π-electron delocalization, thus exhibiting ultrafast photocatalytic degradation efficiency for phenol and norfloxacin (>96%, within 15 min). Our work provides a strong basis for the rational regulation of the chemical structure of COFs to enhance their photocatalytic activity, thus broadening the application of COFs in photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wei-Rong Cui
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Cheng-Rong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Rui-Han Xu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
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Richard N, Desprez C, Wuestenberghs F, Leroi A, Gourcerol G, Melchior C. The effectiveness of rotating versus single course antibiotics for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. United European Gastroenterol J 2021; 9:645-654. [PMID: 34241973 PMCID: PMC8280793 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth treatment is usually based on antibiotics with no guidelines available. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of different antibiotics to treat small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. METHODS Consecutive patients referred to our tertiary center and diagnosed with intestinal bacterial overgrowth were retrospectively included. Patients were diagnosed using a 75 g glucose breath test. Patients were treated either with a single antibiotic (quinolone or azole) or rotating antibiotics (quinolone and azole, one after the other) for 10 consecutive days per month for 3 months. A negative glucose breath test after antibiotic treatment was considered as remission. Quality of life (GIQLI) and gastrointestinal severity (IBS-SSS) were assessed before and after antibiotic treatment. Symptomatic evaluation was realized in simple blind of glucose breath test result: patients were unaware of their results. RESULTS Between August 2005 and February 2020, 223 patients were included in the analysis (female 79.8%, mean age 50.2 ± 15.7 years). Remission was observed in 119 patients (53.4%) after one course of antibiotics and was more frequent in patients receiving rotating antibiotics than in patients receiving a single antibiotic (70.0% vs. 50.8%, p = 0.050). Remission was associated with a significant improvement in quality of life (p = 0.035) and in bloating (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION In this study, the treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth using rotating antibiotics was more effective than treatment using a single course of antibiotic. Remission was associated with improvement in both quality of life and bloating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Richard
- Gastroenterology DepartmentRouen University HospitalRouenFrance
| | - Charlotte Desprez
- INSERM UMR 1073Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineNormandy UniversityRouenFrance
- Physiology DepartmentRouen University HospitalRouenFrance
| | - Fabien Wuestenberghs
- INSERM UMR 1073Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineNormandy UniversityRouenFrance
- Physiology DepartmentRouen University HospitalRouenFrance
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCHU UCL Namur, Godinne University Hospital, UCLouvainYvoirBelgium
| | - Anne‐Marie Leroi
- INSERM UMR 1073Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineNormandy UniversityRouenFrance
- Physiology DepartmentRouen University HospitalRouenFrance
- INSERM CIC 1404Rouen University HospitalRouenFrance
| | - Guillaume Gourcerol
- INSERM UMR 1073Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineNormandy UniversityRouenFrance
- Physiology DepartmentRouen University HospitalRouenFrance
| | - Chloé Melchior
- Gastroenterology DepartmentRouen University HospitalRouenFrance
- INSERM UMR 1073Institute for Research and Innovation in BiomedicineNormandy UniversityRouenFrance
- INSERM CIC 1404Rouen University HospitalRouenFrance
- Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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El-Nobi G, Hassanin M, Khalil AA, Mohammed AY, Amer SA, Montaser MM, El-Sharnouby ME. Synbiotic Effects of Saccharomycescerevisiae, Mannan Oligosaccharides, and β-Glucan on Innate Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:567. [PMID: 34065896 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synbiotic (SYN) additives were assessed as an antibiotic alternative on the effects on the nonspecific immune response and disease resistance of O. niloticus to P. aeruginosa. Healthy fish (n = 120, average initial weight 18 ± 2 g) were allotted randomly into four experimental groups (3 replicates for each); 1) a control group with no additives (CON), 2) basal diet complemented with 0.1 g kg-1 diets of norfloxacin, NFLX, 3) basal diet fortified with 1 mL kg-1 diet of SYN, and 4) basal diet complemented with a mixture of NFLX and SYN, which was carried out for eight weeks. Results showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the serum immune parameters (total protein, globulin and albumin, nitric oxide (NO), and lysozyme activity) in the SYN group and the NFLX+SYN group compared with the CON and NFLX groups. The serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were higher in NFLX and NFLX+SYN groups than the CON and SYN groups. The catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were significantly augmented in the NFLX+SYN group, followed by the SYN group compared with CON and NFLX groups. The cumulative mortality rate (CMR) of O. niloticus following the P. aeruginosa challenge was decreased in the SYN group compared to other groups. The results emphasize that synbiotic could be used as a norfloxacin alternative to enhance the related immunological parameters, including antioxidant activity and disease resistance against P. aeruginosa infection of O. niloticus.
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Wang XX, Meng ZF, Liu X, Wang T, Hu XL, Sun XX. [Adsorption of BS-18 Amphoterically Modified Bentonite to Tetracycline and Norfloxacin Combined Pollutants]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2021; 42:2334-2342. [PMID: 33884803 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202009048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic pollution in the environment has become a hot topic. The amphoteric surfactant octadecyl dimethyl betaine (BS-18) was adopted to modify bentonite to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the composite adsorption of different types of antibiotics. Under the different modification ratios, temperatures, pH values, and ionic strength conditions, the adsorption of tetracycline (TC) and norfloxacin (NOR) by bentonite was studied under single and compound conditions, and the adsorption mechanism was analyzed and discussed in combination with the surface properties of amphoterically modified bentonite. The results showed that compared with those of CK, the CEC and specific surface area of the soil samples modified by BS-18 decreased, whereas the total carbon and total nitrogen contents increased. The adsorption order of BS-18 amphoterically modified bentonite to TC was CK > 100BS > 25BS > 50BS, which was in accordance with the Langmuir model; the adsorption order of NOR was 25BS > 50BS > CK > 100BS, which was consistent with the Henry model. The adsorption capacity of TC and NOR in the TC and NOR composite system was higher than that in the single system. With the increase in temperature, the adsorption of amphoterically modified bentonite to TC showed a positive warming effect, whereas the adsorption of NOR declined as the temperature increased. When the ionic strength increased from 0.001 mol·L-1 to 0.500 mol·L-1, the adsorption of TC and NOR on each soil sample was inhibited. The pH of the solution can affect the existing forms of TC and NOR, and the adsorption capacity showed different trends as the pH increased. The adsorption of TC by BS-18-modified bentonite was mainly caused by electric charge attraction, whereas the adsorption of NOR was mainly caused by the combination of electric charge attraction and the hydrophobic effect. The different values of the octanol/water partition coefficient and the difference in structure resulted in different adsorption modes. In the TC and NOR composite system, a TC+NOR mixture was formed to promote the adsorption of soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhao-Fu Meng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Teng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiu-Xian Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Fang S, Jiang Y, Xiao D, Zhang X, Gan Q, Ruan Q, Zhang J. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Norfloxacin Isonitrile 99mTc Complexes as Potential Bacterial Infection Imaging Agents. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:518. [PMID: 33918583 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop potential technetium-99m single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging agents for bacterial infection imaging, the novel norfloxacin isonitrile derivatives CN4NF and CN5NF were synthesized and radiolabeled with a [99mTc][Tc(I)]+ core to obtain [99mTc]Tc-CN4NF and [99mTc]Tc-CN5NF. These compounds were produced in high radiolabeling yields and showed hydrophilicity and good stability in vitro. The bacterial binding assay indicated that [99mTc]Tc-CN4NF and [99mTc]Tc-CN5NF were specific to bacteria. Compared with [99mTc]Tc-CN4NF, biodistribution studies of [99mTc]Tc-CN5NF showed a higher uptake in bacteria-infected tissues than in turpentine-induced abscesses, indicating that [99mTc]Tc-CN5NF could distinguish bacterial infection from sterile inflammation. In addition, [99mTc]Tc-CN5NF had higher abscess/blood and abscess/muscle ratios. SPECT image of [99mTc]Tc-CN5NF showed that there was a clear accumulation in the infection site, suggesting that it could be a potential bacterial infection imaging radiotracer.
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Gebreel RM, Edris NA, Elmofty HM, Tadros MI, El-Nabarawi MA, Hassan DH. Development and Characterization of PLGA Nanoparticle-Laden Hydrogels for Sustained Ocular Delivery of Norfloxacin in the Treatment of Pseudomonas Keratitis: An Experimental Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:399-418. [PMID: 33584095 PMCID: PMC7875077 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s293127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aim Norfloxacin (NFX) has low ocular bioavailability. The current work aimed to develop NFX-loaded nanoparticle (NP)-laden hydrogels to improve the ocular potential of NFX, minimize the need for frequent instillations and lower undesirable side effects. Methods NFX-loaded NPs were developed via the double-emulsion/solvent evaporation technique, according to 21.41 full factorial design, using two types of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) polymer and four (drug: polymer) ratios. NPs were evaluated for particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), drug entrapment efficiency percentage (EE%), drug percentage released after 30 min (Q30min) and 12 hours (Q12h), drug percentage permeated through goat corneas after 30 min (P30min) and 12 hours (P12h) and morphology. Two formulae were statistically selected and incorporated into hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based hydrogels; G1 – G4. The latter systems were evaluated for appearance, clarity, pH, spreadability, rheology, drug percentages released, drug percentages permeated, antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and histopathological changes. Results The selected NPs (NP2 and NP6) were spherical in shape and possessed suitable PS (392.02 nm and 190.51 nm) and PDI (0.17 and 0.18), high magnitude of ZP (−30.43 mV and −33.62 mV), high EE% (79.24% and 91.72%), low Q30min (10.96% and 16.65%) and P30min (17.39% and 21.05%) and promising Q12h (58.23% and 71.20%) and P12h (53.31% and 65.01%), respectively. Clear, spreadable, tolerable, pseudoplastic, and thixotropic HPMC-based hydrogels were developed. They showed more prolonged drug release and drug permeation profiles. NP2- and NP6-laden hydrogels (G3 and G4 systems, respectively) had promising antibacterial activity, and reasonable histopathological safety. Conclusion G3 and G4 are potential ocular delivery systems for NFX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana M Gebreel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Noha A Edris
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Elmofty
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina I Tadros
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa H Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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Zhang H, Yuan X, Wang H, Ma S, Ji B. Performance and Microbial Community of Different Biofilm Membrane Bioreactors Treating Antibiotic-Containing Synthetic Mariculture Wastewater. Membranes (Basel) 2020; 10:E282. [PMID: 33066341 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The performance of pollutant removals, tetracycline (TC) and norfloxacin (NOR) removals, membrane fouling mitigation and the microbial community of three Anoxic/Oxic membrane bioreactors (AO-MBRs), including a moving bed biofilm MBR (MBRa), a fixed biofilm MBR (MBRb) and an AO-MBR (MBRc) for control, were compared in treating antibiotic-containing synthetic mariculture wastewater. The results showed that MBRb had the best effect on antibiotic removal and membrane fouling mitigation compared to the other two bioreactors. The maximum removal rate of TC reached 91.65% and the maximum removal rate of NOR reached 45.46% in MBRb. The addition of antibiotics had little effect on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N)—both maintained more than 90% removal rate during the entire operation. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that TC and NOR resulted in a significant decrease in the microbial diversity and the microbial richness MBRs. Flavobacteriia, Firmicutes and Azoarcus, regarded as drug-resistant bacteria, might play a crucial part in the removal of antibiotics. In addition, the dynamics of microbial community had a great change, which included the accumulation of resistant microorganisms and the gradual reduction or disappearance of other microorganisms under antibiotic pressure. The research provides an insight into the antibiotic-containing mariculture wastewater treatment and has certain reference value.
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Rosato A, Sblano S, Salvagno L, Carocci A, Clodoveo ML, Corbo F, Fracchiolla G. Anti-Biofilm Inhibitory Synergistic Effects of Combinations of Essential Oils and Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9100637. [PMID: 32987638 PMCID: PMC7598638 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9100637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the increase of bacteria antibiotic- resistance has been a severe problem for public health. A useful solution could be to join some phytochemicals naturally present in essential oils (EOs) to the existing antibiotics, with the aim to increase their efficacy in therapies. According to in vitro studies, EOs and their components could show such effects. Among them, we studied the activity of Cinnammonum zeylanicum, Mentha piperita, Origanum vulgare, and Thymus vulgaris EOs on bacterial biofilm and their synergism when used in association with some common antibiotics such as norfloxacin, oxacillin, and gentamicin. The chemical composition of EOs was determined using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. The EOs drug efficacy was evaluated on four different strains of Gram-positive bacteria forming biofilms. The synergistic effects were tested through the chequerboard microdilution method. The association EOs-antibiotics showed a strong destruction of the biofilm growth of the four bacterial species considered. The interaction of norfloxacin with EOs was the most effective in all the tested combinations against the strains object of this study. These preliminary results suggest the formulation of a new generation of antimicrobial agents based on a combination of antimicrobial compounds with different origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rosato
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (L.S.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-5442728; Fax: 39-080-5442784
| | - Sabina Sblano
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (L.S.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Lara Salvagno
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (L.S.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (L.S.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- School of Medicine: Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, piazza G. Cesare, 11-70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (L.S.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona, 4-70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (L.S.); (A.C.); (F.C.); (G.F.)
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Zhang J, Zhu Z, Jiang J, Li H. Synthesis of Novel Ternary Dual Z-scheme AgBr/LaNiO 3/g-C 3N 4 Composite with Boosted Visible-Light Photodegradation of Norfloxacin. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163706. [PMID: 32823894 PMCID: PMC7464504 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting the separation of photogenerated charges and enhanced optical absorption capacity is the main means to modify photocatalytic capacities to advance semiconductor photocatalyst applications. For the first time, a novel ternary photocatalyst for dual Z-scheme system AgBr/LaNiO3/g-C3N4 (ALG) was prepared via a modest ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal method. The results indicated that LaNiO3 nanoballs and AgBr nanoparticles were successfully grown on the surface of g-C3N4 nanosheets. A dual Z-scheme photocatalytic reaction system could be constructed based on the energy band matching within AgBr, LaNiO3 and g-C3N4. Metallic Ag during the photocatalytic reaction process acted as the active electrons transfer center to enhance the photocatalytic charge pairs separation. The chemical composition of ALG was optimized and composites with 3% AgBr, 30% LaNiO3 and 100% g-C3N4 which was noted as 3-ALG displayed the best photocatalytic performance. A total of 92% of norfloxacin (NOR) was photodegraded within two hours over ALG and the photodegradation rate remained >90% after six cycles. The main active species during the degradation course were photogenerated holes, superoxide radical anion and hydroxyl radical. A possible mechanism was proposed based on the synergetic effects within AgBr, LaNiO3 and g-C3N4. This work would offer a credible theoretical basis for the application of dual Z-scheme photocatalysts in environment restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiao Zhang
- School of Geography, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China; (J.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhengru Zhu
- School of Geography, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China; (J.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Junchao Jiang
- School of Geography, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China; (J.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-411-8215-8364
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Basic, Dalian Naval Academy, Dalian 116018, China;
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Santos MM, Alves C, Silva J, Florindo C, Costa A, Petrovski Ž, Marrucho IM, Pedrosa R, Branco LC. Antimicrobial Activities of Highly Bioavailable Organic Salts and Ionic Liquids from Fluoroquinolones. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080694. [PMID: 32717808 PMCID: PMC7464485 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the development of novel antibiotics has been at a halt for several decades, chemically enhancing existing drugs is a very promising approach to drug development. Herein, we report the preparation of twelve organic salts and ionic liquids (OSILs) from ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin as anions with enhanced antimicrobial activity. Each one of the fluoroquinolones (FQs) was combined with six different organic hydroxide cations in 93-100% yield through a buffer-assisted neutralization methodology. Six of those were isomorphous salts while the remaining six were ionic liquids, with four of them being room temperature ionic liquids. The prepared compounds were not toxic to healthy cell lines and displayed between 47- and 1416-fold more solubility in water at 25 and 37 °C than the original drugs, with the exception of the ones containing the cetylpyridinium cation. In general, the antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae was particularly enhanced for the ciprofloxacin-based OSILs, with up to ca. 20-fold decreases of the inhibitory concentrations in relation to the parent drug, while activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the commensal Bacillus subtilis strain was often reduced. Depending on the cation-drug combination, broad-spectrum or strain-specific antibiotic salts were achieved, potentially leading to the future development of highly bioavailable and safe antimicrobial ionic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M. Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.C.); (Ž.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Celso Alves
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Joana Silva
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Catarina Florindo
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (I.M.M.)
| | - Alexandra Costa
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.C.); (Ž.P.)
| | - Željko Petrovski
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.C.); (Ž.P.)
| | - Isabel M. Marrucho
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (I.M.M.)
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Luís C. Branco
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (A.C.); (Ž.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.S.); (R.P.); (L.C.B.)
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de Souza DI, Giacobbo A, da Silva Fernandes E, Rodrigues MAS, de Pinho MN, Bernardes AM. Experimental Design as a Tool for Optimizing and Predicting the Nanofiltration Performance by Treating Antibiotic-Containing Wastewater. Membranes (Basel) 2020; 10:membranes10070156. [PMID: 32707699 PMCID: PMC7408029 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10070156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increase in studies regarding nanofiltration-based processes for removing antibiotics and other pharmaceutical compounds from water and wastewater. In this work, a 2k factorial design with five control factors (antibiotic molecular weight and concentration, nanofiltration (NF) membrane, feed flow rate, and transmembrane pressure) was employed to optimize the NF performance on the treatment of antibiotic-containing wastewater. The resulting multiple linear regression model was used to predict the antibiotic rejections and permeate fluxes. Additional experiments, using the same membranes and the same antibiotics, but under different conditions of transmembrane pressure, feed flow rate, and antibiotic concentration regarding the 2k factorial design were carried out to validate the model developed. The model was also evaluated as a tertiary treatment of urban wastewater for removing sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin. Considering all the conditions investigated, the tightest membrane (NF97) showed higher antibiotics rejection (>97%) and lower permeate fluxes. On the contrary, the loose NF270 membrane presented lower rejections to sulfamethoxazole, the smallest antibiotic, varying from 65% to 97%, and permeate fluxes that were about three-fold higher than the NF97 membrane. The good agreement between predicted and experimental values (R2 > 0.97) makes the model developed in the present work a tool to predict the NF performance when treating antibiotic-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalva Inês de Souza
- Post-Graduation Programme in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, (PPGE3M), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, n. 9500, Agronomia-Porto Alegre-RS, CEP 91509–900, Brazil; (D.I.d.S.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Alexandre Giacobbo
- Post-Graduation Programme in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, (PPGE3M), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, n. 9500, Agronomia-Porto Alegre-RS, CEP 91509–900, Brazil; (D.I.d.S.); (A.M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-51-3308-9428
| | - Eduardo da Silva Fernandes
- Post-Graduation Programme in Production Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Osvaldo Aranha, n. 99, Bom Fim-Porto Alegre-RS, CEP 90035–190, Brazil;
| | - Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues
- Post-Graduation Programme in Materials Technology and Industrial Processes, Pure Sciences and Technology Institute, Feevale University, Rodovia RS-239, n. 2755, Vila Nova-Novo Hamburgo-RS, CEP 93525–075, Brazil;
| | - Maria Norberta de Pinho
- Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, n. 1, 1049–001 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Centre of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, CeFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, n. 1, 1049–001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andréa Moura Bernardes
- Post-Graduation Programme in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, (PPGE3M), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, n. 9500, Agronomia-Porto Alegre-RS, CEP 91509–900, Brazil; (D.I.d.S.); (A.M.B.)
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Deo N, Sharma D, Bisht D, Venkatesan K. Evaluation of the intracellular accumulation of fluoroquinolones in mycobacteria by fluorometric assays. Int J Mycobacteriol 2020; 9:34-38. [PMID: 32474486 DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_194_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are being used as second-line agents in the treatment of tuberculosis caused by multidrug-resistant strains. Ofloxacin (OFX) is being tried as a part of modified multidrug therapy regimens for leprosy. A preliminary study was carried out to evaluate the accumulation of FQs - OFX, levofloxacin (LFX), norfloxacin (NFX), and ciprofloxacin (CIF) in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Methods M. smegmatis were grown in Sauton's medium till log phase, harvested and resuspended in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.2, Optical Density (OD) of 0.4-0.5) The suspensions were incubated with OFX, LFX, NFX, and CIF (10 μg/ml) at 37°C. The drugs were estimated in the supernatants using spectrofluorimeteric methods. The experiments were also conducted with the addition of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), a proton motive force inhibitor, at 100 μM, 10 min before and/or immediately after the addition of the drugs. Results The time taken to achieve a Steady State Concentration (SSC) of OFX in M. smegmatis was 3 min and the level of accumulation was 102 ng/mg dry weight of the bacilli; with LFX the time for SSC was 5 min and the level of accumulation was 90 ng/mg; in case of NFX the accumulation to SSC was 87 ng/mg in 3 min. CIF accumulation attained a steady state (SSC level of 79 ng/mg) in 4 min. The accumulation kinetics for NFX in M. smegmatis using the spectrofluorimetric method is comparable with radioactive assays. Dose-related accumulation was observed with 10 μg/ml exposure concentrations. The addition of CCCP failed to influence the accumulation of each of these quinolones. Conclusion The findings of dose-related accumulation of OFX, LFX NFX, and CIF suggest simple diffusion as the possible mechanism of transport of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Deo
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divakar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepa Bisht
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Venkatesan
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Salve V, Mishra R, Nandgude T. Development and Optimization of a Floating Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System for Norfloxacin. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 16:326-334. [PMID: 32454731 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.99266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Norfloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial drug having poor bioavailability and pH-dependent solubility. The purpose of the present study was to develop a gastroretentive floating multiparticulate drug delivery system for norfloxacin. Materials and Methods Norfloxacin core pellets were prepared using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) by extrusion and spheronization. A 3-level, 3-factor, 17-run experimental Box-Behnken design was adopted to optimize levels of variables in the pellets' formulations. The selected independent variables were amounts of MCC and PVP K30 and spheronizing speed and the dependent variables were aspect ratio and hardness of pellets. Sodium bicarbonate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15M in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 (w/w) on a dry solid basis were incorporated into the norfloxacin pellets and they were further coated with Eudragit RL 100 using a fluidized bed processor to obtain weight gain of 5%, 10%, and 15% w/w. The fourier transform infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, physical characterization, particle size distribution analysis, floating studies, and in vitro drug release studies of the pellets were evaluated. Results Among the floating multiparticulate pellets batches, batch B-22 was found to be optimized based on the criteria of attaining the minimum floating lag time (<10 min) and the maximum value of drug released 82.11% in 8 h. The percentage drug release for batches B-21 and B-23 was 91.12% in 5 h and 60.67% in 8 h, respectively. The drug release studies indicated that as the Eudragit RL 100 polymer coat increases the drug release decreases, producing sustained release of norfloxacin. The floating studies revealed that 70%-90% of pellets remained floating for up to 8 h. All the batches have excellent flow properties with angle of repose in the range of 25.5±0.49° to 28.02±0.30°, and Carr's index and Hausner's ratio in the range of 5% to 15% and 1.05±0.3 to 1.14±0.3, respectively. Conclusion The significant outcome obtained in the study is that such an approach can be effectively employed for improvement of the bioavailability of drugs having poor absorption in the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract with enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Salve
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rakesh Mishra
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanaji Nandgude
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharashtra, India
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Menshawy A, Mattar O, Barssoum K, AboEl-Naga AM, Salim HM, Mohamed AMF, Elgebaly A, Abd-Elsalam S. Safety and Efficacy of Rifaximin in Prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:380-387. [PMID: 30246636 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180924145156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The role of rifaximin in the prevention of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is not well studied. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the role of rifaximin in the prevention of SBP. METHODS A computerized literature search for relevant clinical trials was conducted during August 2017. Data on Frequency of SBP, the success rate of prevention of SBP, mortality rate, hepatorenal syndrome, septic shock, hepatic encephalopathy, and GIT bleeding were extracted and pooled as Risk Ratio (RR) with their 95% Confidence Interval (CI) in a meta-analysis model. Heterogeneity was assessed by Chi-square test. RESULTS Six studies involving 973 patients were included in the final analysis. The pooled effect estimate showed that the rifaximin plus norfloxacin group had less incidence of SBP (RR 0.58, 95% CI[0.37, 0.92], P=0.02) and hepatic encephalopathy (RR 0.38, 95% CI[0.17, 0.84], P=0.02) than the norfloxacin-based regimen group. No significant difference between rifaximin and norfloxacin in terms of frequency of SBP and success rate of primary prevention of SBP (RR 0.49, 95% CI [0.24, 1.01], P=0.05; RR1.21, 95% CI [0.95, 1.55], P=0.13, respectively). CONCLUSION Based on our analysis, Rifaximin is a promising drug and appears to be a good alternative to norfloxacin in the prevention of SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Menshawy
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar Mattar
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Kirolos Barssoum
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Department of medicine, Rochester general hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, United States
| | - Ammar M AboEl-Naga
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Oberlin College, Lorain, OH, 44074, United States
| | - Haitham Mohamed Salim
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mesbah Fahmy Mohamed
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elgebaly
- Medical Research Education and Practice Association (MREP), Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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41
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Caparrós E, Juanola O, Gómez-Hurtado I, Puig-Kroger A, Piñero P, Zapater P, Linares R, Tarín F, Martínez-López S, Gracia-Sancho J, González-Navajas JM, Francés R. Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Contribute to Hepatic Antigen-Presenting Cell Function and Th17 Expansion in Cirrhosis. Cells 2020; 9:E1227. [PMID: 32429209 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic immune function is compromised during cirrhosis. This study investigated the immune features of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in two experimental models of cirrhosis. Dendritic cells, hepatic macrophages, and LSECs were isolated from carbon tetrachloride and bile duct-ligated rats. Gene expression of innate receptors, bacterial internalization, co-stimulatory molecules induction, and CD4+ T cell activation and differentiation were evaluated. Induced bacterial peritonitis and norfloxacin protocols on cirrhotic rats were also carried out. LSECs demonstrated an active immunosurveillance profile, as shown by transcriptional modulation of different scavenger and cell-adhesion genes, and their contribution to bacterial internalization. LSECs significantly increased their expression of CD40 and CD80 and stimulated CD4+ T cell activation marker CD71 in both models. The pro-inflammatory Th17 subset was expanded in CCl4-derived LSECs co-cultures. In the bile duct ligation (BDL) model, CD4+ T cell differentiation only occurred under induced bacterial peritonitis conditions. Differentiated pro-inflammatory Th cells by LSECs in both experimental models were significantly reduced with norfloxacin treatment, whereas Foxp3 tolerogenic Th CD4+ cells were expanded. Conclusion: LSECs’ participation in the innate-adaptive immune progression, their ability to stimulate pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells expansion during liver damage, and their target role in norfloxacin-induced immunomodulation granted a specific competence to this cell population in cirrhosis.
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Trofimchuk E, Nilghaz A, Sun S, Lu X. Determination of norfloxacin residues in foods by exploiting the coffee-ring effect and paper-based microfluidics device coupling with smartphone-based detection. J Food Sci 2020; 85:736-743. [PMID: 32017096 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
By utilizing the coffee-ring effect and microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs), this study improved the sensitivity of the determination of norfloxacin in four different food matrices. Micro-PADs in this study were fabricated by designing and embedding wax channels onto cellulose-based filter paper through printing and subjecting the paper to heat to allow the wax to penetrate the paper. Determination of norfloxacin concentration in food samples was achieved by monitoring the colorimetric reaction that occurred between norfloxacin and the added iron (III) nitrate nonahydrate in 5 mM ammonia in each reaction chamber. A transition metal hydroxide was formed through this reaction that resulted in the formation of a solid precipitate to enable the antibiotic to bind to the iron molecule via coordination chemistry. This metal ion-antibiotic complex generated a visible color change. Following the colorimetric reaction, images were taken and subsequently analyzed via ImageJ to determine the relative pixel intensity that was used to infer norfloxacin concentration. The analytical sensitivity of this device was determined to be as low as 50 ppm when analyzing the inner-ring reaction, and as low as 5 ppm when analyzing the outer coffee ring thereby allowing for an alternative cheaper, faster, and more user-friendly method to detect norfloxacin than the conventional methods. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This novel paper-based microfluidic device can achieve the detection of antibiotic residues in agrifoods in a faster, cheaper, and more user-friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Trofimchuk
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Azadeh Nilghaz
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Selina Sun
- NTBIO Diagnostics Inc., 18677 52 Avenue, Surrey, British Columbia, V3S 4P6, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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43
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Guo Y, Mishra MK, Wang C, Sun CC. Crystallographic and Energetic Insights into Reduced Dissolution and Physical Stability of a Drug-Surfactant Salt: The Case of Norfloxacin Lauryl Sulfate. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:579-587. [PMID: 31829631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A commonly used pharmaceutical surfactant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), has been reported to reduce the dissolution rate of drugs due to the formation of a less soluble drug-lauryl sulfate salt. In this study, we provide direct crystallographic evidence of the formation of salt between SLS and norfloxacin (NOR), [NORH+][LS-]·1.5 H2O. The available crystal structure also enables the use of the energy framework to gain an understanding of the structure-property relationship. Results show that the hydrophobic methyl groups in SLS dominate the surfaces of the [NORH+][LS-]·1.5 H2O crystals, resulting in the increased hydrophobicity and reduced wettability by aqueous media. Moreover, an analysis of molecular environments and energy calculations of water molecules provides insight into the stability of [NORH+][LS-]·1.5 H2O with variations in the relative humidity and temperature. In summary, important pharmaceutical properties, such as solubility, dissolution, and thermal stability, of the drug-surfactant salt [NORH+][LS-]·1.5 H2O have been characterized and understood based on crystallographic and energetic analyses of the crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwang Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street S.E ., Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street S.E ., Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street S.E ., Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Changquan Calvin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street S.E ., Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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44
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Hemdan Abou-Taleb N, Mahmoud El-Enany N, Tawfik El-Sherbiny D, Ibrahim El-Subbagh H. Digitally enhanced thin layer chromatography for simultaneous determination of norfloxacin and tinidazole with the aid of Taguchi orthogonal array and desirability function approach: Greenness assessment by analytical Eco-Scale. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1195-1202. [PMID: 31860164 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an eco-friendly fast simple method was developed for simultaneous determination of norfloxacin and tinidazole based on thin-layer chromatography and image-processing analysis. The binary mixture was separated using reversed phase - thin layer chromatography plates and 30% trifluoroacetic acid only as mobile phase. Mobile phase composition was optimized using Taguchi orthogonal array and Derringer's desirability function. The plates were viewed under UV lamp and photographed by iPhone camera followed by image processing with Fiji software using integrated density as the measured response. As decreasing illumination increases the sensitivity of the method, this method was applied on two different ranges for each drug. The first one was 0.6-6.0 and 0.9-9.0 µg/spot for norfloxacin and tinidazole, respectively measured on the original image with normal illumination. The second one was measured after decreasing the illumination of the captured images at 0.06-0.60 and 0.09-0.90 µg/spot for norfloxacin and tinidazole, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of both drugs in tablets dosage form without interference from the commonly encountered excipients. Analytical Eco-Scale was used to evaluate the greenness profile of the proposed method and it was found to be excellent green analytical method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nahed Mahmoud El-Enany
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dina Tawfik El-Sherbiny
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
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Zhang Y, Xie Y, Zhang C, Wu M, Feng S. Preparation of porous magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for fast and specifically extracting trace norfloxacin residue in pork liver. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:478-485. [PMID: 31633312 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were designed for norfloxacin via oil-in-water emulsifier-free emulsion method. It was prepared by simply mixing norfloxacin, methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer, and Fe3 O4 together at room temperature. Characterized by multiple analytical tools, the particle size, pore size, pore volume, specific surface area, and saturation magnetization of the product were about 30 µm, 10-500 nm, 2.92 mL/g, 105.84 m2 /g, and 3.052 emu/g, respectively. And the adsorption capacity was high at 27.04 mg/g towards norfloxacin. Combined with ultra high performance liquid chromatography, it was used to determine norfloxacin in real samples. Average recoveries were above 77.44% with relative standard deviations between 1.21 and 6.85% at three spiked levels (n = 3) for lake water and pork liver. The determination was achieved for the most complex biosample pork liver spiked with norfloxacin low to 30 ng/g, about 100 times less than the maximum residue limit regulated by Commission of the European Communities. All evidences demonstrated that the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers can be used in practice for monitoring norfloxacin either in environmental water or meat product with high accuracy and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xie
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Chungu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shun Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Marc G, Araniciu C, Oniga SD, Vlase L, Pîrnău A, Nadăș GC, Novac CȘ, Matei IA, Chifiriuc MC, Măruțescu L, Oniga O. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Piperazin-4-yl-(acetyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione) Norfloxacin Analogues as Antimicrobial Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:E3959. [PMID: 31683749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to improve the antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin, a series of hybrid norfloxacin–thiazolidinedione molecules were synthesized and screened for their direct antimicrobial activity and their anti-biofilm properties. The new hybrids were intended to have a new binding mode to DNA gyrase, that will allow for a more potent antibacterial effect, and for activity against current quinolone-resistant bacterial strains. Moreover, the thiazolidinedione moiety aimed to include additional anti-pathogenicity by preventing biofilm formation. The resulting compounds showed promising direct activity against Gram-negative strains, and anti-biofilm activity against Gram-positive strains. Docking studies and ADMET were also used in order to explain the biological properties and revealed some potential advantages over the parent molecule norfloxacin.
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47
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Facciorusso A, Antonino M, Orsitto E, Sacco R. Primary and secondary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: current state of the art. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:751-759. [PMID: 31304804 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1644167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis represents a frequent and severe complication in cirrhotic patients with ascites. In daily practice, the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis might be challenging in the absence of the typical signs and symptoms of infection such as fever or leukocytosis. Areas covered: Aim of this review is to revise the current state of the art on primary and secondary spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Literature search in Medline/Pubmed was performed. Expert opinion: Historically, gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent etiologic agents of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. being the most frequently isolated bacteria. However, major changes in this regard occurred over the last few decades with an increasing prevalence of gram-positive, quinolone-resistant, and multidrug-resistant bacteria. In particular, the increasing prevalence of quinolone-resistant bacteria challenged the prominent role of norfloxacin in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis prevention. Given the high mortality rate and the risk of developing the hepatorenal syndrome, prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is indicated in three high-risk populations: patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, patients with low total protein content in ascitic fluid and advanced cirrhosis, and patients with a previous history of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (secondary prophylaxis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Facciorusso
- a Department of Medical Sciences, Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Matteo Antonino
- a Department of Medical Sciences, Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Eugenio Orsitto
- b Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana , Pisa , Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sacco
- a Department of Medical Sciences, Ospedali Riuniti di Foggia , Foggia , Italy
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48
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Facciorusso A, Papagiouvanni I, Cela M, Buccino VR, Sacco R. Comparative efficacy of long-term antibiotic treatments in the primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Liver Int 2019; 39:1448-1458. [PMID: 30920712 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Several antibiotic treatments aiming to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients with low-protein content in ascitic fluid have been tested; however, there are limited data on the comparative efficacy of these regimens. We assessed their comparative efficacy through a network meta-analysis and using GRADE criteria to appraise quality of evidence. METHODS Through literature review through October 2018, we identified 10 randomized controlled trials comparing antibiotic treatments (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and rifaximin) with each other or placebo. Primary outcome was SBP occurrence, with mortality rate and rate of other infections as secondary outcomes. RESULTS In comparison with placebo, moderate quality evidence supports the use of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in primary prophylaxis of SBP (risk ratio 0.23; 95% CI, 0.09-0.56; P = 0.001 and 0.23; 0.07-0.79; P = 0.02 respectively) while only low quality evidence suggests superiority of rifaximin (risk ratio 0.15; 0.05-0.42). When antimicrobial agents were compared to each other, no significant difference was found. With regard to mortality, moderate quality supports the superiority of norfloxacin over placebo (risk ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47-0.99; P = 0.04), while ciprofloxacin and rifaximin showed only a non-significant benefit and no significant difference was found in the other comparisons. None of the tested antibiotics proved to significantly decrease the rate of other infections. CONCLUSIONS Norfloxacin appears to have significant benefit both in terms of SBP prevention and mortality; ciprofloxacin represents a valuable option although without a clear survival benefit. Rifaximin shows interesting results but needs to be tested in further trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Facciorusso
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Marina Cela
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo R Buccino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sacco
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Chen H, Ma X, Liu Y, Ma L, Chen Z, Lin X, Si L, Ma X, Chen X. Gut Microbiota Interventions With Clostridium butyricum and Norfloxacin Modulate Immune Response in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1662. [PMID: 31428083 PMCID: PMC6689973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been proposed as an important environmental factor which can intervene and modulate central nervous system autoimmunity. Here, we altered the composition of gut flora with Clostridium butyricum and norfloxacin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. We found that appropriate C. butyricum (5.0 × 106 CFU/mL intragastrically daily, staring at weaning period of age) and norfloxacin (5 mg/kg intragastrically daily, 1 week prior to EAE induction) treatment could both ameliorate EAE although there are obvious differences in gut microbiota composition between these two interventions. C. butyricum increased while norfloxacin decreased the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in EAE mice, and both of the treatments decreased firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio. In the genus level, C. butyricum treatment increased the abundance of Prevotella while Akkermansia and Allobaculum increased in norfloxacin treatment. Moreover, both interventions reduced Desulfovibroneceae and Ruminococcus species. Although there was discrepancy in the gut microbiota composition with the two interventions, C. butyricum and norfloxacin treatment both reduced Th17 response and increased Treg response in the gastrointestinal tract and extra-gastrointestinal organ systems in EAE mice. And the reduced activity of p38 mitogen-activated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling in spinal cord could be observed in the two interventions. The results suggested that manipulation of gut microbiota interventions should take factors such as timing, duration, and dosage into consideration. The discrepancy in the gut microbiota composition and the similar protective T cells response of C. butyricum and norfloxacin implies that achieving intestinal microecology balance by promoting and/or inhibiting the gut microbiota contribute to the well-being of immune response in EAE mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Si
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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50
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García-Villén F, Faccendini A, Aguzzi C, Cerezo P, Bonferoni MC, Rossi S, Grisoli P, Ruggeri M, Ferrari F, Sandri G, Viseras C. Montmorillonite- norfloxacin nanocomposite intended for healing of infected wounds. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5051-5060. [PMID: 31371946 PMCID: PMC6628958 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s208713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic cutaneous wounds represent a major issue in medical care and are often prone to infections. Purpose: The aim of this study was the design of a clay mineral-drug nanocomposite based on montmorillonite and norfloxacin (NF, antimicrobial drug) as a powder for cutaneous application, to enhance wound healing in infected skin lesions. Methods: The nanocomposite has been prepared by means of an intercalation solution procedure. Adsorption isotherm, solid-state characterization of the nanocomposite, drug loading capacity and its release have been performed. Moreover, cytocompatibility, in vitro fibroblast proliferation and antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were assessed. Results: The clay drug adsorption isotherm demonstrates that the mechanism of NF intercalation into montmorillonite galleries is the adsorption as one single process, due to the charge-charge interaction between protonated NF and negatively charged montmorillonite edges in the interlayer space. Nanocomposite is biocompatible and it is characterized by antimicrobial activity greater than the free drug: this is due to its nanostructure and controlled drug release properties. Conclusion: Considering the results obtained, NF-montmorillonite nanocomposite seems a promising tool to treat infected skin lesions or skin wounds prone to infection, as chronic ulcers (diabetic foot, venous leg ulcers) and burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima García-Villén
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | - Angela Faccendini
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - Carola Aguzzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Cerezo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - Pietro Grisoli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - Franca Ferrari
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - Cesar Viseras
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
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