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Nerger BA, Nelson CM. Bioprinting Cell-Laden Hydrogels for Studies of Epithelial Tissue Morphogenesis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2805:113-124. [PMID: 39008177 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3854-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides dynamic structural and molecular signals that affect the form and function of developing tissues. In order to parse how the individual features of the ECM impact cell- and tissue-level behavior during development, engineered culture models should reproduce key structural and molecular features of native ECM. Here, we describe a protocol for bioprinting epithelial cell aggregates embedded within a collagen-Matrigel ink in order to study the dynamic interplay between epithelial tissues and aligned networks of type I collagen fibers. Collagen fiber alignment and geometry can be spatially controlled by modulating the printing speed, nozzle geometry, surface chemistry, and degree of molecular crowding in the printing ink. We provide detailed procedures for generating epithelial cell aggregates, microextrusion printing collagen-Matrigel bioinks, culturing the three-dimensional (3D)-printed tissues, and imaging 3D-printed collagen-Matrigel constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Nerger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Celeste M Nelson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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2
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Suter N, Stebel S, Rianna C, Radmacher M, Brüggemann D. Spatial patterning of nanofibrous collagen scaffolds modulates fibroblast morphology. Biofabrication 2020; 13:015007. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abb744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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3
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Nerger BA, Brun PT, Nelson CM. Microextrusion printing cell-laden networks of type I collagen with patterned fiber alignment and geometry. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:5728-5738. [PMID: 31267114 PMCID: PMC6639139 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02605j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Type I collagen self-assembles into three-dimensional (3D) fibrous networks. These dynamic viscoelastic materials can be remodeled in response to mechanical and chemical signals to form anisotropic networks, the structure of which influences tissue development, homeostasis, and disease progression. Conventional approaches for fabricating anisotropic networks of type I collagen are often limited to unidirectional fiber alignment over small areas. Here, we describe a new approach for engineering cell-laden networks of aligned type I collagen fibers using 3D microextrusion printing of a collagen-Matrigel ink. We demonstrate hierarchical control of 3D-printed collagen with the ability to spatially pattern collagen fiber alignment and geometry. Our data suggest that collagen alignment results from a combination of molecular crowding in the ink and shear and extensional flows present during 3D printing. We demonstrate that human breast cancer cells cultured on 3D-printed collagen constructs orient along the direction of collagen fiber alignment. We also demonstrate the ability to simultaneously bioprint epithelial cell clusters and control the alignment and geometry of collagen fibers surrounding cells in the bioink. The resulting cell-laden constructs consist of epithelial cell clusters fully embedded in aligned networks of collagen fibers. Such 3D-printed constructs can be used for studies of developmental biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Nerger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| | - P-T Brun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| | - Celeste M Nelson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 303 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. and Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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4
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Yeo MG, Kim GH. A cell-printing approach for obtaining hASC-laden scaffolds by using a collagen/polyphenol bioink. Biofabrication 2017; 9:025004. [PMID: 28402968 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa6997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the cell-printing process, bioink has been considered as an extremely important component for successful fabrication of macroscale cell-laden structures. Bioink should be non-toxic, biocompatible, and printable. To date, alginate has been widely used as a whole or partial component of bioink because it is non-toxic to embedded cells and even it can provide good printability with rapid gelation under calcium ions. However, alginate bioinks do not possess cell-activating ability. To overcome the shortcomings of alginate-based bioinks, a new collagen bioink, which was mixed with human adipose stem cells (hASCs) and crosslinked with a polyphenol (tannic acid), was proposed. The feasibility of the bioink was demonstrated using several in vitro assessments for comparison of the macroscale porous cell-laden collagen/polyphenol structure containing the hASCs with the conventional alginate-based cell-laden structure. The levels of the metabolic activity, including the cell viability and cell proliferation, of the cell-laden collagen structure were significantly higher than those of the control (alginate-based cell-laden structure). The results show that the newly designed bioink and cell-laden structure are potentially new outstanding components for regeneration of various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Gu Yeo
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Republic of Korea
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5
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Li S, Kuddannaya S, Chuah YJ, Bao J, Zhang Y, Wang D. Combined effects of multi-scale topographical cues on stable cell sheet formation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:2056-2067. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To decipher specific cell responses to diverse and complex in vivo signals, it is essential to emulate specific surface chemicals, extra cellular matrix (ECM) components and topographical signals through reliable and easily reproducible in vitro systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Shreyas Kuddannaya
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Yon Jin Chuah
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Jingnan Bao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Yilei Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Dongan Wang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
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Moussa HI, Logan M, Siow GC, Phann DL, Rao Z, Aucoin MG, Tsui TY. Manipulating mammalian cell morphologies using chemical-mechanical polished integrated circuit chips. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2017; 18:839-856. [PMID: 29152017 PMCID: PMC5678500 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2017.1388135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten chemical-mechanical polished integrated circuits were used to study the alignment and immobilization of mammalian (Vero) cells. These devices consist of blanket silicon oxide thin films embedded with micro- and nano-meter scale tungsten metal line structures on the surface. The final surfaces are extremely flat and smooth across the entire substrate, with a roughness in the order of nanometers. Vero cells were deposited on the surface and allowed to adhere. Microscopy examinations revealed that cells have a strong preference to adhere to tungsten over silicon oxide surfaces with up to 99% of cells adhering to the tungsten portion of the surface. Cells self-aligned and elongated into long threads to maximize contact with isolated tungsten lines as thin as 180 nm. The orientation of the Vero cells showed sensitivity to the tungsten line geometric parameters, such as line width and spacing. Up to 93% of cells on 10 μm wide comb structures were aligned within ± 20° of the metal line axis. In contrast, only ~22% of cells incubated on 0.18 μm comb patterned tungsten lines were oriented within the same angular interval. This phenomenon is explained using a simple model describing cellular geometry as a function of pattern width and spacing, which showed that cells will rearrange their morphology to maximize their contact to the embedded tungsten. Finally, it was discovered that the materials could be reused after cleaning the surfaces, while maintaining cell alignment capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan I. Moussa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Megan Logan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Geoffrey C. Siow
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Darron L. Phann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Zheng Rao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Marc G. Aucoin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Ting Y. Tsui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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Je JH, Kim JM, Jaworski J. Progression in the Fountain Pen Approach: From 2D Writing to 3D Free-Form Micro/Nanofabrication. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1600137. [PMID: 28060466 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The fountain pen approach, as a means for transferring materials to substrates, has shown numerous incarnations in recent years for creating 2D micro/nanopatterns and even generating 3D free-form nanostructures using a variety of material "inks". While the idea of filled reservoirs used to deliver material to a substrate via a capillary remains unchanged since antiquity, the advent of precise micromanipulation systems and functional material "inks" allows the extension of this mechanism to more high-tech applications. Herein, the recent growth in meniscus guided fountain pen approaches for benchtop micro/nanofabrication, which has occurred in the last decade, is discussed. Particular attention is given to the theory, equipment, and experimentation encompassing this unique direct writing approach. A detailed exploration of the diverse ink systems and functional device applications borne from this strategy is put forth to reveal its rapid expansion to a broad range of scientific and engineering disciplines. As such, this informative review is provided for researchers considering adoption of this recent advancement of a familiar technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Je
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Jong-Man Kim
- Hanyang University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Justyn Jaworski
- Hanyang University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington (UTA), 501 W. 1st Street, Arlington, Texas, 76010, USA
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Yang W, Li L, Su G, Zhang Z, Cao Y, Li X, Shi Y, Zhang Q. A collagen telopeptide binding peptide shows potential in aiding collagen bundle formation and fibril orientation. Biomater Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00574h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A double-armed CTBP-PEG-CTBP derivative of a collagen telopeptide binding peptide (CTBP), shows potential in aiding collagen bundle formation and fibril orientation by interacting with fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
| | - Lin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
| | - Guanghao Su
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
| | - Zhe Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
| | - Yiting Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
| | - Xuemin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
| | - Yanping Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin
- PR China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin
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Kim YB, Lee H, Kim GH. Strategy to Achieve Highly Porous/Biocompatible Macroscale Cell Blocks, Using a Collagen/Genipin-bioink and an Optimal 3D Printing Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32230-32240. [PMID: 27933843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting process for obtaining a cell-laden structure has been widely applied because of its ability to fabricate biomimetic complex structures embedded with and without cells. To successfully obtain a cell-laden porous block, the cell-delivering vehicle, bioink, is one of the significant factors. Until now, various biocompatible hydrogels (synthetic and natural biopolymers) have been utilized in the cell-printing process, but a bioink satisfying both biocompatibility and print-ability requirements to achieve a porous structure with reasonable mechanical strength has not been issued. Here, we propose a printing strategy with optimal conditions including a safe cross-linking procedure for obtaining a 3D porous cell block composed of a biocompatible collagen-bioink and genipin, a cross-linking agent. To obtain the optimal processing conditions, we modified the 3D printing machine and selected an optimal cross-linking condition (∼1 mM and 1 h) of genipin solution. To show the feasibility of the process, 3D pore-interconnected cell-laden constructs were manufactured using osteoblast-like cells (MG63) and human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Under these processing conditions, a macroscale 3D collagen-based cell block of 21 × 21 × 12 mm3 and over 95% cell viability was obtained. In vitro biological testing of the cell-laden 3D porous structure showed that the embedded cells were sufficiently viable, and their proliferation was significantly higher; the cells also exhibited increased osteogenic activities compared to the conventional alginate-based bioink (control). The results indicated the fabrication process using the collagen-bioink would be an innovative platform to design highly biocompatible and mechanically stable cell blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Bok Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyeongjin Lee
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon, South Korea
| | - Geun Hyung Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon, South Korea
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Haynl C, Hofmann E, Pawar K, Förster S, Scheibel T. Microfluidics-Produced Collagen Fibers Show Extraordinary Mechanical Properties. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:5917-22. [PMID: 27513098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Collagens are widely used as biomaterials in drug-delivery and tissue engineering applications due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility and hypoallergenicity. Besides gelatin-based materials, collagen microfibers are in the focus of biomedical research. Commonly, man-made fibers are produced by wet-spinning yielding fiber diameters higher than 8 μm. Here, assembly and continuous production of single collagen type I microfibers were established using a microfluidic chip. Microfluidics-produced microfibers exhibited tensile strength and Young's modulus exceeding that of fibers produced in classical wet-spinning devices and even that of natural tendon and they showed lower diameters. Their structural orientation was examined by polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showing fibril alignment within the microfiber. Cell culture tests using the neuronal cell line NG108-15 showed cell alignment and axon growth along the microfiber axes inaugurating potential applications in, for example, peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephan Förster
- Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI) , Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI) , Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Yeo M, Lee JS, Chun W, Kim GH. An Innovative Collagen-Based Cell-Printing Method for Obtaining Human Adipose Stem Cell-Laden Structures Consisting of Core-Sheath Structures for Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1365-75. [PMID: 26998966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing processes have been used widely in various tissue engineering applications due to the efficient embedding of living cells in appropriately designed micro- or macro-structures. However, there are several issues to overcome, such as the limited choice of bioinks and tailor-made fabricating strategies. Here, we suggest a new, innovative cell-printing process, supplemented with a core-sheath nozzle and an aerosol cross-linking method, to obtain multilayered cell-laden mesh structure and a newly considered collagen-based cell-laden bioink. To obtain a mechanically and biologically enhanced cell-laden structure, we used collagen-bioink in the core region, and also used pure alginate in the sheath region to protect the cells in the collagen during the printing and cross-linking process and support the 3D cell-laden mesh structure. To achieve the most appropriate conditions for fabricating cell-embedded cylindrical core-sheath struts, various processing conditions, including weight fractions of the cross-linking agent and pneumatic pressure in the core region, were tested. The fabricated 3D MG63-laden mesh structure showed significantly higher cell viability (92 ± 3%) compared with that (83 ± 4%) of the control, obtained using a general alginate-based cell-printing process. To expand the feasibility to stem cell-embedded structures, we fabricated a cell-laden mesh structure consisting of core (cell-laden collagen)/sheath (pure alginate) using human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Using the selected processing conditions, we could achieve a stable 3D hASC-laden mesh structure. The fabricated cell-laden 3D core-sheath structure exhibited outstanding cell viability (91%) compared to that (83%) of an alginate-based hASC-laden mesh structure (control), and more efficient hepatogenic differentiations (albumin: ∼ 1.7-fold, TDO-2: ∼ 7.6-fold) were observed versus the control. The selection of collagen-bioink and the new printing strategy could lead to an efficient way to achieve 3D cell-laden mesh structures that mimic the anatomical architecture of a patient's defective region.
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Affiliation(s)
- MyungGu Yeo
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Ji-Seon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Seoul 445-907, South Korea
| | - Wook Chun
- Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Seoul 445-907, South Korea
| | - Geun Hyung Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 440-746, South Korea
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