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Karwowski BT. The Influence of Clustered DNA Damage Containing Iz/Oz and OXOdG on the Charge Transfer through the Double Helix: A Theoretical Study. Molecules 2024; 29:2754. [PMID: 38930820 PMCID: PMC11206643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The genome-the source of life and platform of evolution-is continuously exposed to harmful factors, both extra- and intra-cellular. Their activity causes different types of DNA damage, with approximately 80 different types of lesions having been identified so far. In this paper, the influence of a clustered DNA damage site containing imidazolone (Iz) or oxazolone (Oz) and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (OXOdG) on the charge transfer through the double helix as well as their electronic properties were investigated. To this end, the structures of oligo-Iz, d[A1Iz2A3OXOG4A5]*d[T5C4T3C2T1], and oligo-Oz, d[A1Oz2A3OXOG4A5]*d[T5C4T3C2T1], were optimized at the M06-2X/6-D95**//M06-2X/sto-3G level of theory in the aqueous phase using the ONIOM methodology; all the discussed energies were obtained at the M06-2X/6-31++G** level of theory. The non-equilibrated and equilibrated solvent-solute interactions were taken into consideration. The following results were found: (A) In all the discussed cases, OXOdG showed a higher predisposition to radical cation formation, and B) the excess electron migration toward Iz and Oz was preferred. However, in the case of oligo-Oz, the electron transfer from Oz2 to complementary C4 was noted during vertical to adiabatic anion relaxation, while for oligo-Iz, it was settled exclusively on the Iz2 moiety. The above was reflected in the charge transfer rate constant, vertical/adiabatic ionization potential, and electron affinity energy values, as well as the charge and spin distribution. It can be postulated that imidazolone moiety formation within the CDL ds-oligo structure and its conversion to oxazolone can significantly influence the charge migration process, depending on the C2 carbon hybridization sp2 or sp3. The above can confuse the single DNA damage recognition and removal processes, cause an increase in mutagenesis, and harm the effectiveness of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolesław T Karwowski
- DNA Damage Laboratory of Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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Stolyarenko AD, Novikova AA, Shilkin ES, Poltorachenko VA, Makarova AV. The Catalytic Activity of Human REV1 on Undamaged and Damaged DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4107. [PMID: 38612916 PMCID: PMC11012841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic REV1 serves as a scaffold protein for the coordination of DNA polymerases during DNA translesion synthesis. Besides this structural role, REV1 is a Y-family DNA polymerase with its own distributive deoxycytidyl transferase activity. However, data about the accuracy and efficiency of DNA synthesis by REV1 in the literature are contrasting. Here, we expressed and purified the full-length human REV1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterized its activity on undamaged DNA and a wide range of damaged DNA templates. We demonstrated that REV1 carried out accurate synthesis opposite 8-oxoG and O6-meG with moderate efficiency. It also replicated thymine glycol surprisingly well in an error-prone manner, but was blocked by the intrastrand 1,2-GG cisplatin crosslink. By using the 1,N6-ethenoadenine and 7-deaza-adenine lesions, we have provided biochemical evidence of the importance for REV1 functioning of the Hoogsteen face of template A, the second preferable template after G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia D. Stolyarenko
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Novikova
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy S. Shilkin
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alena V. Makarova
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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3
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N′1,N′4-bis(2-(7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]pteridin-10(2H)-yl)ethylidene)succinohydrazide. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, N′1,N′4-bis(2-(7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]pteridin-10(2H)-yl)ethylidene)succinohydrazide (1), was obtained by the reaction of formylmethylflavin and succinic acid dihydrazide. The product 1 was characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HRMS and UV.
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Kawada T, Kino K, Tokorodani K, Anabuki R, Morikawa M, Kobayashi T, Ohara K, Ohshima T, Miyazawa H. Analysis of nucleotide insertion opposite urea and translesion synthesis across urea by DNA polymerases. Genes Environ 2022; 44:7. [PMID: 35168664 PMCID: PMC8845263 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-022-00236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Urea (Ua) is produced in DNA as the result of oxidative damage to thymine and guanine. It was previously reported that Klenow fragment (Kf) exo− incorporated dATP opposite Ua, and that DNA polymerase β was blocked by Ua. We report here the following nucleotide incorporations opposite Ua by various DNA polymerases: DNA polymerase α, dATP and dGTP (dATP > dGTP); DNA polymerase δ, dATP; DNA polymerase ζ, dATP; Kf exo−, dATP; Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4), dGTP and dATP (dGTP > dATP); and DNA polymerase η, dCTP, dGTP, dATP, and dTTP (dCTP > dGTP > dATP > dTTP). DNA polymerases β and ε were blocked by Ua. Elongation by DNA polymerases δ and ζ stopped after inserting dATP opposite Ua. Importantly, the elongation efficiency to full-length beyond Ua using DNA polymerase η and Dpo4 were almost the same as that of natural DNA. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41021-022-00236-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishu Kawada
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Kino
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan.
| | - Kyousuke Tokorodani
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Ryuto Anabuki
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morikawa
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Takanobu Kobayashi
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ohara
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohshima
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyazawa
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
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Christov PP, Richie-Jannetta R, Kingsley PJ, Vemulapalli A, Kim K, Sulikowski GA, Rizzo CJ, Ketkar A, Eoff RL, Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ. Site-Specific Synthesis of Oligonucleotides Containing 6-Oxo-M 1dG, the Genomic Metabolite of M 1dG, and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Its In Vitro Bypass by Human Polymerase ι. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2567-2578. [PMID: 34860508 PMCID: PMC10518890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde and the DNA peroxidation product base-propenal react with dG to generate the exocyclic adduct, M1dG. This mutagenic lesion has been found in human genomic and mitochondrial DNA. M1dG in genomic DNA is enzymatically oxidized to 6-oxo-M1dG, a lesion of currently unknown mutagenic potential. Here, we report the synthesis of an oligonucleotide containing 6-oxo-M1dG and the results of extension experiments aimed at determining the effect of the 6-oxo-M1dG lesion on the activity of human polymerase iota (hPol ι). For this purpose, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay was developed to obtain reliable quantitative data on the utilization of poorly incorporated nucleotides. Results demonstrate that hPol ι primarily incorporates deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and thymidine triphosphate (dTTP) across from 6-oxo-M1dG with approximately equal efficiency, whereas deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) are poor substrates. Following the incorporation of a single nucleotide opposite the lesion, 6-oxo-M1dG blocks further replication by the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plamen P. Christov
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Robyn Richie-Jannetta
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Philip J. Kingsley
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anoop Vemulapalli
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kwangho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Gary A. Sulikowski
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carmelo J. Rizzo
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Amit Ketkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States
| | - Robert L. Eoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States
| | - Carol A. Rouzer
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Lawrence J. Marnett
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Products of Oxidative Guanine Damage Form Base Pairs with Guanine. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207645. [PMID: 33076559 PMCID: PMC7589758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the natural bases, guanine is the most oxidizable base. The damage caused by oxidation of guanine, commonly referred to as oxidative guanine damage, results in the formation of several products, including 2,5-diamino-4H-imidazol-4-one (Iz), 2,2,4-triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone (Oz), guanidinoformimine (Gf), guanidinohydantoin/iminoallantoin (Gh/Ia), spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp), 5-carboxamido-5-formamido-2-iminohydantoin (2Ih), urea (Ua), 5-guanidino-4-nitroimidazole (NI), spirodi(iminohydantoin) (5-Si and 8-Si), triazine, the M+7 product, other products by peroxynitrite, alkylated guanines, and 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine (cG). Herein, we summarize the present knowledge about base pairs containing the products of oxidative guanine damage and guanine. Of these products, Iz is involved in G-C transversions. Oz, Gh/Ia, and Sp form preferably Oz:G, Gh/Ia:G, and Sp:G base pairs in some cases. An involvement of Gf, 2Ih, Ua, 5-Si, 8-Si, triazine, the M+7 product, and 4-hydroxy-2,5-dioxo-imidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (HICA) in G-C transversions requires further experiments. In addition, we describe base pairs that target the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of RNA viruses and describe implications for the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): When products of oxidative guanine damage are adapted for the ribonucleoside analogs, mimics of oxidative guanine damages, which can form base pairs, may become antiviral agents for SARS-CoV-2.
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7
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Generation, repair and replication of guanine oxidation products. Genes Environ 2017; 39:21. [PMID: 28781714 PMCID: PMC5537945 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-017-0081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanine is the most readily oxidized of the four DNA bases, and guanine oxidation products cause G:C-T:A and G:C-C:G transversions through DNA replication. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) causes G:C-T:A transversions but not G:C-C:G transversions, and is more readily oxidized than guanine. This review covers four major findings. (i) 2,2,4-Triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone (Oz) is produced from guanine and 8-oxoG under various oxidative conditions. Guanine is incorporated opposite Oz by DNA polymerases, except REV1. (ii) Several enzymes exhibit incision activity towards Oz. (iii) Since the redox potential of GG is lower than that of G, contiguous GG sequences are more readily oxidized by a one-electron oxidant than a single guanine, and OzOz is produced from GG in double-stranded DNA. Unlike most DNA polymerases, DNA polymerase ζ efficiently extends the primer up to full-length across OzOz. (iv) In quadruplex DNA, 3′-guanine is mainly damaged by one-electron oxidation in quadruplex DNA, and this damage depends on the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). The oxidation products in quadruplex DNA are different from those in single-stranded or double-stranded DNA.
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8
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DeVito S, Woodrick J, Song L, Roy R. Mutagenic potential of hypoxanthine in live human cells. Mutat Res 2017; 803-805:9-16. [PMID: 28704682 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxanthine (Hx) is a major DNA lesion generated by deamination of adenine during chronic inflammatory conditions, which is an underlying cause of various diseases including cancer of colon, liver, pancreas, bladder and stomach. There is evidence that deamination of DNA bases induces mutations, but no study has directly linked Hx accumulation to mutagenesis and strand-specific mutations yet in human cells. Using a site-specific mutagenesis approach, we report the first direct evidence of mutation potential and pattern of Hx in live human cells. We investigated Hx-induced mutations in human nonmalignant HEK293 and cancer HCT116 cell lines and found that Hx is mutagenic in both HEK293 and HCT116 cell lines. There is a strand bias for Hx-mediated mutations in both the cell lines; the Hx in lagging strand is more mutagenic than in leading strand. There is also some difference in cell types regarding the strand bias for mutation types; HEK293 cells showed largely deletion (>80%) mutations in both leading and lagging strand and the rest were insertions and A:T→G:C transition mutations in leading and lagging strands, respectively, whereas in HCT116 cells we observed 60% A:T→G:C transition mutations in the leading strand and 100% deletions in the lagging strand. Overall, Hx is a highly mutagenic lesion capable of generating A:T→G:C transitions and large deletions with a significant variation in leading and lagging strands in human cells. In recent meta-analysis study A→G (T→C) mutations were found to be a prominent signature in a variety of cancers, including a majority types that are induced by inflammation. The deletions are known to be a major cause of copy-number variations or CNVs, which is a major underlying cause of many human diseases including mental illness, developmental disorders and cancer. Thus, Hx, a major DNA lesion induced by different deamination mechanisms, has potential to initiate inflammation-driven carcinogenesis in addition to various human pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen DeVito
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Linze Song
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.
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AbdulSalam SF, Thowfeik FS, Merino EJ. Excessive Reactive Oxygen Species and Exotic DNA Lesions as an Exploitable Liability. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5341-52. [PMID: 27582430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the terms "excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)" and "oxidative stress" are widely used, the implications of oxidative stress are often misunderstood. ROS are not a single species but a variety of compounds, each with unique biochemical properties and abilities to react with biomolecules. ROS cause activation of growth signals through thiol oxidation and may lead to DNA damage at elevated levels. In this review, we first discuss a conceptual framework for the interplay of ROS and antioxidants. This review then describes ROS signaling using FLT3-mediated growth signaling as an example. We then focus on ROS-mediated DNA damage. High concentrations of ROS result in various DNA lesions, including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-guanine, oxazolone, DNA-protein cross-links, and hydantoins, that have unique biological impacts. Here we delve into the biochemistry of nine well-characterized DNA lesions. Within each lesion, the types of repair mechanisms, the mutations induced, and their effects on transcription and replication are discussed. Finally, this review will discuss biochemically inspired implications for cancer therapy. Several teams have put forward designs to harness the excessive ROS and the burdened DNA repair systems of tumor cells for treating cancer. We discuss inhibition of the antioxidant system, the targeting of DNA repair, and ROS-activated prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safnas F AbdulSalam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati , 404 Crosley Tower, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Fathima Shazna Thowfeik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati , 404 Crosley Tower, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Edward J Merino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati , 404 Crosley Tower, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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10
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Jena NR, Bansal M, Mishra PC. Conformational stabilities of iminoallantoin and its base pairs in DNA: implications for mutagenicity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:12774-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02212j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Under acidic conditions, insertion of G opposite Ia may lead to G to C mutations in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. R. Jena
- Discipline of Natural Sciences
- Indian Institute of Information Technology
- Design and Manufacturing
- Jabalpur-482005
- India
| | - Manju Bansal
- Molecular Biophysics Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - P. C. Mishra
- Department of Physics
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
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11
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Jena NR, Mishra PC. Normal and reverse base pairing of Iz and Oz lesions in DNA: structural implications for mutagenesis. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During replication, incorporation of G opposite Oz lesion is mainly responsible for G to C mutations in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. R. Jena
- Discipline of Natural Sciences
- Indian Institute of Information Technology
- Design and Manufacturing
- Jabalpur-482005
- India
| | - P. C. Mishra
- Department of Physics
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
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12
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Chlorella virus pyrimidine dimer glycosylase and Escherichia coli endonucleases IV and V have incision activity on 2,2,4-triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone. Genes Environ 2015; 37:22. [PMID: 27350817 PMCID: PMC4918129 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-015-0022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction 2,2,4-Triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone (Oz) in a DNA strand is an oxidation product of guanine and 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine, and such a lesion can cause G-to-C transversions. Previously, Fpg/Nei and Nth were shown to have incision activity on Oz. Findings We investigated the activities of chlorella virus pyrimidine dimer glycosylase (cvPDG) and Escherichia coli endonucleases IV (Nfo) and V (Nfi) on Oz. Although the three enzymes have different repair mechanisms from Fpg/Nei and Nth, they still had incision activity on Oz. Conclusions Given the incision activities of cvPDG, Nfo and Nfi on Oz in addition to Fpg/Nei and Nth, Oz is DNA damage that can be repaired by diverse enzymes.
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Suzuki M, Kino K, Kawada T, Oyoshi T, Morikawa M, Kobayashi T, Miyazawa H. Contiguous 2,2,4-triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone obstructs DNA synthesis by DNA polymerases α, β, η, ι, κ, REV1 and Klenow Fragment exo-, but not by DNA polymerase ζ. J Biochem 2015; 159:323-9. [PMID: 26491064 PMCID: PMC4763079 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanine is the most easily oxidized of the four DNA bases, and contiguous guanines (GG) in a sequence are more readily oxidized than a single guanine in a sequence. Continued oxidation of GGs results in a contiguous oxidized guanine lesion. Two contiguous 2,5-diamino-4H-imidazol-4-ones, an oxidized form of guanine that hydrolyses to 2,2,4-triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone (Oz), are detected following the oxidation of GG. In this study, we analysed translesion synthesis (TLS) across two contiguous Oz molecules (OzOz) using Klenow Fragment exo− (KF exo−) and DNA polymerases (Pols) α, β, ζ, η, ι, κ and REV1. We found that KF exo− and Pols α, β, ι and REV1 inserted one nucleotide opposite the 3′ Oz of OzOz and stalled at the subsequent extension, and that Pol κ incorporated no nucleotide. Pol η only inefficiently elongated the primer up to full-length across OzOz; the synthesis of most DNA strands stalled at the 3′ or 5′ Oz of OzOz. Surprisingly, however, Pol ζ efficiently extended the primer up to full-length across OzOz, unlike the other DNA polymerases, but catalysed error-prone nucleotide incorporation. We therefore believe that Pol ζ is required for efficient TLS of OzOz. These results show that OzOz obstructs DNA synthesis by DNA polymerases except Pol ζ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Suzuki
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan and
| | - Katsuhito Kino
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan and
| | - Taishu Kawada
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan and
| | - Takanori Oyoshi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morikawa
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan and
| | - Takanobu Kobayashi
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan and
| | - Hiroshi Miyazawa
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan and
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