1
|
Bandpey M, Barz DPJ. Effects of interlayer space engineering and surface modification on the charge storage mechanisms of MXene nanomaterials: A review on recent developments. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15078-15093. [PMID: 39072431 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional MXenes were discovered in 2011 and, because of their outstanding properties, have attracted significant attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and hybrid energy storage devices. Numerous studies were dedicated to identifying feasible charge storage mechanisms in MXenes and investigating the effects of structural and superficial properties on the corresponding mechanisms. The results clarify that interlayer distance and surface termination groups in MXenes significantly determine the deliverable energy and power density in respective energy storage devices. Additionally, due to van der Waals interactions, adjacent MXene sheets tend to aggregate and restack during electrode preparation or charge and discharge cycling, reducing the MXene interlayer distance and deteriorating its energy storage ability. In this review, we first summarize the different charge storage mechanisms applicable to MXenes in different energy storage devices and describe the effect of interlayer spacing and surface termination groups. Then, different interlayer space engineering methods are reviewed in terms of materials and procedures, and their impact on the electrochemical behavior and restacking tendency of MXene is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bandpey
- Graphene Integrated Functional Technologies (GIFT) Research Cluster, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Dominik P J Barz
- Graphene Integrated Functional Technologies (GIFT) Research Cluster, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goloviznina K, Fleischhaker J, Binninger T, Rotenberg B, Ers H, Ivanistsev V, Meissner R, Serva A, Salanne M. Accounting for the Quantum Capacitance of Graphite in Constant Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405230. [PMID: 39096068 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at a constant electric potential are an essential tool to study electrochemical processes, providing microscopic information on the structural, thermodynamic, and dynamical properties. Despite the numerous advances in the simulation of electrodes, they fail to accurately represent the electronic structure of materials such as graphite. In this work, a simple parameterization method that allows to tune the metallicity of the electrode based on a quantum chemistry calculation of the density of states (DOS) is introduced. As a first illustration, the interface between graphite electrodes and two different liquid electrolytes, an aqueous solution of NaCl and a pure ionic liquid, at different applied potentials are studied. It is shown that the simulations reproduce qualitatively the experimentally-measured capacitance; in particular, they yield a minimum of capacitance at the point of zero charge (PZC), which is due to the quantum capacitance (QC) contribution. An analysis of the structure of the adsorbed liquids allows to understand why the ionic liquid displays a lower capacitance despite its large ionic concentration. In addition to its relevance for the important class of carbonaceous electrodes, this method can be applied to any electrode materials (e.g. 2D materials, conducting polymers, etc), thus enabling molecular simulation studies of complex electrochemical devices in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Goloviznina
- CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Johann Fleischhaker
- CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
- Institute of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Binninger
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293, Montpellier, France
- Theory and Computation of Energy Materials (IEK-13), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Heigo Ers
- University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, Tartu, 51004, Estonia
| | | | - Robert Meissner
- Institute of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Surface Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Alessandra Serva
- CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, F-75005, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Goodwin ZAH, Wenny MB, Yang JH, Cepellotti A, Ding J, Bystrom K, Duschatko BR, Johansson A, Sun L, Batzner S, Musaelian A, Mason JA, Kozinsky B, Molinari N. Transferability and Accuracy of Ionic Liquid Simulations with Equivariant Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7539-7547. [PMID: 39023916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are an exciting class of electrolytes finding applications in many areas from energy storage to solvents, where they have been touted as "designer solvents" as they can be mixed to precisely tailor the physiochemical properties. As using machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) to simulate ILs is still relatively unexplored, several questions need to be answered to see if MLIPs can be transformative for ILs. Since ILs are often not pure, but are either mixed together or contain additives, we first demonstrate that a MLIP can be trained to be compositionally transferable; i.e., the MLIP can be applied to mixtures of ions not directly trained on, while only being trained on a few mixtures of the same ions. We also investigated the accuracy of MLIPs for a novel IL, which we experimentally synthesize and characterize. Our MLIP trained on ∼200 DFT frames is in reasonable agreement with our experiments and DFT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A H Goodwin
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Malia B Wenny
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Julia H Yang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Harvard University Center for the Environment, 26 Oxford St., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Andrea Cepellotti
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jingxuan Ding
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Kyle Bystrom
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Blake R Duschatko
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Anders Johansson
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lixin Sun
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Simon Batzner
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Albert Musaelian
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jarad A Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Boris Kozinsky
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Research and Technology Center, Robert Bosch LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Nicola Molinari
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Research and Technology Center, Robert Bosch LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Domínguez-Flores F, Kiljunen T, Groß A, Sakong S, Melander MM. Metal-water interface formation: Thermodynamics from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:044705. [PMID: 39056392 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-water interfaces are central to many electrochemical, (electro)catalytic, and materials science processes and systems. However, our current understanding of their thermodynamic properties is limited by the scarcity of accurate experimental and computational data and procedures. In this work, thermodynamic quantities for metal-water interface formation are computed for a range of FCC(111) surfaces (Pd, Pt, Au, Ag, Rh, and PdAu) through extensive density functional theory based molecular dynamics and the two-phase entropy model. We show that metal-water interface formation is thermodynamically favorable and that most metal surfaces studied in this work are completely wettable, i.e., have contact angles of zero. Interfacial water has higher entropy than bulk water due to the increased population of low-frequency translational modes. The entropic contributions also correlate with the orientational water density, and the highest solvation entropies are observed for interfaces with a moderately ordered first water layer; the entropic contributions account for up to ∼25% of the formation free energy. Water adsorption energy correlates with the water orientation and structure and is found to be a good descriptor of the internal energy part of the interface formation free energy, but it alone cannot satisfactorily explain the interfacial thermodynamics; the interface formation is driven by the competition between energetic and entropic contributions. The obtained results and insight can be used to develop, parameterize, and benchmark theoretical and computational methods for studying metal-water interfaces. Overall, our study yields benchmark-quality data and fundamental insight into the thermodynamic forces driving metal-water interface formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Domínguez-Flores
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YN), FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Toni Kiljunen
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YN), FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Axel Groß
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sung Sakong
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marko M Melander
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YN), FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bi S, Knijff L, Lian X, van Hees A, Zhang C, Salanne M. Modeling of Nanomaterials for Supercapacitors: Beyond Carbon Electrodes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:19931-19949. [PMID: 39053903 PMCID: PMC11308780 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Capacitive storage devices allow for fast charge and discharge cycles, making them the perfect complements to batteries for high power applications. Many materials display interesting capacitive properties when they are put in contact with ionic solutions despite their very different structures and (surface) reactivity. Among them, nanocarbons are the most important for practical applications, but many nanomaterials have recently emerged, such as conductive metal-organic frameworks, 2D materials, and a wide variety of metal oxides. These heterogeneous and complex electrode materials are difficult to model with conventional approaches. However, the development of computational methods, the incorporation of machine learning techniques, and the increasing power in high performance computing now allow us to tackle these types of systems. In this Review, we summarize the current efforts in this direction. We show that depending on the nature of the materials and of the charging mechanisms, different methods, or combinations of them, can provide desirable atomic-scale insight on the interactions at play. We mainly focus on two important aspects: (i) the study of ion adsorption in complex nanoporous materials, which require the extension of constant potential molecular dynamics to multicomponent systems, and (ii) the characterization of Faradaic processes in pseudocapacitors, that involves the use of electronic structure-based methods. We also discuss how recently developed simulation methods will allow bridges to be made between double-layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors for future high power electricity storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Bi
- Physicochimie
des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau
sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Lisanne Knijff
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, BOX 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
| | - Xiliang Lian
- Physicochimie
des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau
sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Alicia van Hees
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, BOX 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, BOX 538, Uppsala 75121, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Réseau
sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
- Institut
Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ko YG. Hybrid method integrating adsorption and chemical precipitation of heavy metal ions on polymeric fiber surfaces for highly efficient water purification. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142909. [PMID: 39033862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
A lot of research has been focused on increasing the specific surface area of adsorbents over a long period of time to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater using the adsorbent. However, porous adsorbents with high specific surface area have demonstrated drawbacks in water purification processes, such as high pressure drop and limitations in the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions. In recent years, a mechanism-based convergence method involving adsorption/chemical precipitation has emerged as a promising strategy to surmount the constraints associated with porous adsorbents. The mechanism involves amine groups on chelating fibers dissociating OH- ions from water molecules, thereby raising the pH near the fibers. This elevated pH promotes the crystallization of heavy metal ions on the fiber surfaces. The removal of heavy metal ions proceeds through a sequence of adsorption and chemical precipitation processes. An adsorbent based on chelating fibers, integrating adsorption technology with chemical precipitation, demonstrates superior performance in removing significant quantities of heavy metal ions (ca. 1000-2000 mg/g for Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+) when compared to developed porous adsorbents (ca. 50-760 mg/g for same ions). This review paper introduces advanced polymer fibers endowed with the capability to integrate hybrid technology, delves into the mechanism of hybrid technology, and examines its application in process technology for the effective removal of heavy metal ions. The versatility of these advanced fibers extends far beyond the removal of heavy metal ions in water treatment, making them poised to garner significant attention from researchers across diverse fields due to their broad range of potential applications. After further processes involving the removal of templates from chelating polymeric fibers used as supports and the reduction of precipitated heavy metal oxide crystals, the resulting heavy metal crystals can exhibit thin walls and well-interconnected porous structures, suitable for catalytic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Gun Ko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-gil 20, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu Y, Chen WH, Wang X, Sun X, Jiang Z, Li M, Fu X, Yang H, Li M, Wang C. Self-Assembled MXene Supported on Carbonization-Free Wood for a Symmetrical All-Wood Eco-Supercapacitor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36322-36332. [PMID: 38970621 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
As an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material, MXene has garnered significant interest in advanced energy storage systems, yet the stackable structure, poor mechanical stability, and lack of moldability limit its large-scale applications. To address this challenge, herein, the self-assembly of MXene on carbonization-free wood was obtained to serve as high-performance electrodes for symmetrical all-wood eco-supercapacitors by a steam-driven self-assembly method. This method can be implemented in a low-temperature environment, significantly simplifying traditional high-temperature annealing processes and generating minimal impact on the environment, human health, and resource consumption. The environmentally friendly steam-driven self-assembly strategy can be further extended into various wood-based electrodes, regardless of the types and structures of wood. As a typical platform electrode, the optimized MXene@delignified balsa wood (MDBW) achieves high areal capacitance and specific capacitance values of 2.99 F cm-2 and 580.55 F g-1 at an extensive mass loading of 5.16 mg cm-2, respectively, with almost loss-free capacitance after 10,000 cycles at 50 mA cm-2. In addition, an all-solid-state symmetrical all-wood eco-supercapacitor was further assembled based on MDBW-20 as both positive and negative electrodes to achieve a high energy density of 19.22 μWh cm-2 at a power density of 0.58 mW cm-2. This work provides an effective strategy to optimize wood-based electrodes for the practical application of biomass eco-supercapacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Zishuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Meichen Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Haiyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Menggang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Grisafi A, Salanne M. Accelerating QM/MM simulations of electrochemical interfaces through machine learning of electronic charge densities. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:024109. [PMID: 38984956 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
A crucial aspect in the simulation of electrochemical interfaces consists in treating the distribution of electronic charge of electrode materials that are put in contact with an electrolyte solution. Recently, it has been shown how a machine-learning method that specifically targets the electronic charge density, also known as SALTED, can be used to predict the long-range response of metal electrodes in model electrochemical cells. In this work, we provide a full integration of SALTED with MetalWalls, a program for performing classical simulations of electrochemical systems. We do so by deriving a spherical harmonics extension of the Ewald summation method, which allows us to efficiently compute the electric field originated by the predicted electrode charge distribution. We show how to use this method to drive the molecular dynamics of an aqueous electrolyte solution under the quantum electric field of a gold electrode, which is matched to the accuracy of density-functional theory. Notably, we find that the resulting atomic forces present a small error of the order of 1 meV/Å, demonstrating the great effectiveness of adopting an electron-density path in predicting the electrostatics of the system. Upon running the data-driven dynamics over about 3 ns, we observe qualitative differences in the interfacial distribution of the electrolyte with respect to the results of a classical simulation. By greatly accelerating quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics approaches applied to electrochemical systems, our method opens the door to nanosecond timescales in the accurate atomistic description of the electrical double layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Grisafi
- Institut Sciences du Calcul et des Données, ISCD, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jeschke S, Eiden P, Deng Q, Cole IS, Keil P. Structure and Dynamics of Aqueous 2-Aminothiazole/NaCl Electrolytes at Electrified Interfaces. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6189-6196. [PMID: 38872079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
A computational study was performed to investigate the dynamics of aqueous electrolytes containing organic corrosion inhibitors near electrified interfaces by using the constant-charge model in classical molecular dynamics simulations. The results showed that when inhibitors form films at the interface, the surface charge of the electrode causes displacement of the molecules, referred to as electroporation. The hydrophobicity of the inhibitor molecules affects both the stability of the films and their recovery time. This study highlights the value of computational investigations of the dynamics within inhibitor films as a complementary approach to the traditional focus on inhibitor-substrate interactions, leading to deeper insights into the mechanisms of corrosion inhibition mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Jeschke
- Manufacturing Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Australia
| | | | - Qiushi Deng
- Manufacturing Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Australia
| | - Ivan S Cole
- Manufacturing Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Australia
| | - Patrick Keil
- BASF Coatings GmbH, Glasuritstrasse 1, Münster 48165, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gupta R, Malik A, Kumari K, Singh SK, Vivier V, Mondal PC. Metal-free platforms for molecular thin films as high-performance supercapacitors. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8775-8785. [PMID: 38873075 PMCID: PMC11168099 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00611a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlling chemical functionalization and achieving stable electrode-molecule interfaces for high-performance electrochemical energy storage applications remain challenging tasks. Herein, we present a simple, controllable, scalable, and versatile electrochemical modification approach of graphite rods (GRs) extracted from low-cost Eveready cells that were covalently modified with anthracene oligomers. The anthracene oligomers with a total layer thickness of ∼24 nm on the GR electrode yield a remarkable specific capacitance of ∼670 F g-1 with good galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling stability (10 000) recorded in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Such a boost in capacitance is attributed mainly to two contributions: (i) an electrical double-layer at the anthracene oligomer/GR/electrolyte interfaces, and (ii) the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reaction, which ensures a substantial faradaic contribution to the total capacitance. Due to the higher conductivity of the anthracene films, it possesses more azo groups (-N[double bond, length as m-dash]N-) during the electrochemical growth of the oligomer films compared to pyrene and naphthalene oligomers, which is key to PCET reactions. AC-based electrical studies unravel the in-depth charge interfacial electrical behavior of anthracene-grafted electrodes. Asymmetrical solid-state supercapacitor devices were made using anthracene-modified biomass-derived porous carbon, which showed improved performance with a specific capacitance of ∼155 F g-1 at 2 A g-1 with an energy density of 5.8 W h kg-1 at a high-power density of 2010 W kg-1 and powered LED lighting for a longer period. The present work provides a promising metal-free approach in developing organic thin-film hybrid capacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
| | - Ankur Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
| | - Kusum Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana 502285 India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana 502285 India
| | - Vincent Vivier
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Sorbonne Université 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 Cedex 05 France
| | - Prakash Chandra Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 208016 India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gaudy N, Salanne M, Merlet C. Dynamics and Energetics of Ion Adsorption at the Interface between a Pure Ionic Liquid and Carbon Electrodes. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5064-5071. [PMID: 38738820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations have been used extensively to determine equilibrium properties of the electrode-electrolyte interface in supercapacitors held at various potentials. While such studies are essential to understand and optimize the performance of such energy storage systems, investigation of the dynamics of adsorption during the charge of the supercapacitors is also necessary. Dynamical properties are especially important to get an insight into the power density of supercapacitors, one of their main assets. In this work, we propose a new method to coarse-grain simulations of all-atom systems and compute effective Lennard-Jones and Coulomb parameters, allowing subsequently to analyze the trajectories of adsorbing ions. We focus on pure 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide in contact with planar carbon electrodes. We characterize the evolution of the ion orientation and ion-electrode distance during adsorption and show that ions reorientate as they adsorb. We then determine the forces experienced by the adsorbing ions and demonstrate that Coulomb forces are dominant at a long range while van der Waals forces are dominant at a short range. We also show that there is an almost equal contribution from the two forces at an intermediate distance, explaining the peak of ion density close to the electrode surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gaudy
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 cedex 9 Toulouse, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), Fédération de Recherche CNRS 3459, HUB de l'Énergie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), Fédération de Recherche CNRS 3459, HUB de l'Énergie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Céline Merlet
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 cedex 9 Toulouse, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), Fédération de Recherche CNRS 3459, HUB de l'Énergie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mabrouk Y, Safaei N, Hanke F, Carlsson JM, Diddens D, Heuer A. Reactive molecular dynamics simulations of lithium-ion battery electrolyte degradation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10281. [PMID: 38704444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of reliable computational methods for novel battery materials has become essential due to the recently intensified research efforts on more sustainable energy storage materials. Here, we use a recently developed framework allowing to consistently incorporate quantum-mechanical activation barriers to classical molecular dynamics simulations to study the reductive solvent decomposition and formation of the solid electrolyte interphase for a graphite/carbonate electrolyte interface. We focus on deriving condensed-phase effective rates based on the elementary gas-phase reduction and decomposition energy barriers. After a short initial transient limited by the elementary barriers, we observe that the effective rate shows a transition to a kinetically slow regime influenced by the changing coordination environment and the ionic fluxes between the bulk electrolyte and the interface. We also discuss the impact of the decomposition on the ionic mobility. Thus, our work shows how elementary first-principles properties can be mechanistically leveraged to provide fundamental insights into electrochemical stability of battery electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Mabrouk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Münster (IEK-12), Corrensstraße 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - N Safaei
- Dassault Systémes Deutschland GmbH, Am Kabellager 11-13, 51063, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Hanke
- Dassault Systémes, Cambridge, CB4 0WN, UK.
| | | | - D Diddens
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Münster (IEK-12), Corrensstraße 46, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - A Heuer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tang R, Aziz A, Yu W, Pan ZZ, Nishikawa G, Yoshii T, Nomura K, Taylor EE, Stadie NP, Inoue K, Kotani M, Kyotani T, Nishihara H. Prominent Structural Dependence of Quantum Capacitance Unraveled by Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Mesosponge. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308066. [PMID: 38057129 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Porous carbons are important electrode materials for supercapacitors. One of the challenges associated with supercapacitors is improving their energy density without relying on pseudocapacitance, which is based on fast redox reactions that often shorten device lifetimes. A possible solution involves achieving high total capacitance (Ctot), which comprises Helmholtz capacitance (CH) and possibly quantum capacitance (CQ), in high-surface carbon materials comprising minimally stacked graphene walls. In this work, a templating method is used to synthesize 3D mesoporous graphenes with largely identical pore structures (≈2100 m2 g-1 with an average pore size of ≈7 nm) but different concentrations of oxygen-containing functional groups (0.3-6.7 wt.%) and nitrogen dopants (0.1-4.5 wt.%). Thus, the impact of the heteroatom functionalities on Ctot is systematically investigated in an organic electrolyte excluding the effect of pore structures. It is found that heteroatom functionalities determine Ctot, resulting in the cyclic voltammetry curves being rectangular or butterfly-shaped. The nitrogen functionalities are found to significantly enhance Ctot owing to increased CQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean Energy, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Alex Aziz
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- International Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research in Japan), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Zheng-Ze Pan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ginga Nishikawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takeharu Yoshii
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Keita Nomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Erin E Taylor
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, 59717, USA
| | - Nicholas P Stadie
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, 59717, USA
| | - Kazutoshi Inoue
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Motoko Kotani
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Kyotani
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nishihara
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pireddu G, Fairchild CJ, Niblett SP, Cox SJ, Rotenberg B. Impedance of nanocapacitors from molecular simulations to understand the dynamics of confined electrolytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318157121. [PMID: 38662549 PMCID: PMC11067016 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318157121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoelectrochemical devices have become a promising candidate technology across various applications, including sensing and energy storage, and provide new platforms for studying fundamental properties of electrode/electrolyte interfaces. In this work, we employ constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the impedance of gold-aqueous electrolyte nanocapacitors, exploiting a recently introduced fluctuation-dissipation relation. In particular, we relate the frequency-dependent impedance of these nanocapacitors to the complex conductivity of the bulk electrolyte in different regimes, and use this connection to design simple but accurate equivalent circuit models. We show that the electrode/electrolyte interfacial contribution is essentially capacitive and that the electrolyte response is bulk-like even when the interelectrode distance is only a few nanometers, provided that the latter is sufficiently large compared to the Debye screening length. We extensively compare our simulation results with spectroscopy experiments and predictions from analytical theories. In contrast to experiments, direct access in simulations to the ionic and solvent contributions to the polarization allows us to highlight their significant and persistent anticorrelation and to investigate the microscopic origin of the timescales observed in the impedance spectrum. This work opens avenues for the molecular interpretation of impedance measurements, and offers valuable contributions for future developments of accurate coarse-grained representations of confined electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pireddu
- Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux (PHENIX), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, ParisF-75005, France
| | - Connie J. Fairchild
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel P. Niblett
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Cox
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux (PHENIX), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, ParisF-75005, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie, Fédération de Recherche CNRS 3459, Amiens Cedex80039, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xie Y, Zhang H, Hu H, He Z. Large-Scale Production and Integrated Application of Micro-Supercapacitors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304160. [PMID: 38206572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Micro-supercapacitors, emerging as promising micro-energy storage devices, have attracted significant attention due to their unique features. This comprehensive review focuses on two key aspects: the scalable fabrication of MSCs and their diverse applications. The review begins by elucidating the energy storage mechanisms and guiding principles for designing high-performance devices. It subsequently explores recent advancements in scalable fabrication techniques for electrode materials and micro-nano fabrication technologies for micro-devices. The discussion encompasses critical application domains, including multifunctional MSCs, energy storage integration, integrated power generation, and integrated applications. Despite notable progress, there are still some challenges such as large-scale production of electrode material, well-controlled fabrication technology, and scalable integrated manufacture. The summary concludes by emphasizing the need for future research to enhance micro-supercapacitor performance, reduce production costs, achieve large-scale production, and explore synergies with other energy storage technologies. This collective effort aims to propel MSCs from laboratory innovation to market viability, providing robust energy storage solutions for MEMS and portable electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Haitao Hu
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhengyou He
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ntim S, Sulpizi M. Differential Capacitance of Ionic Liquid Confined between Metallic Interfaces. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1936-1942. [PMID: 38378468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
We present here a detailed analysis of the electric double layer at the gold electrode/[BMIM][BF4] interface using a polarizable model for the electrode, based on our recent approach to include image charges [Geada et al. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 716]. A double bell (camel) shape is obtained for the differential capacitance, where the inclusion of metal polarization allows for a higher density of ions in the double layer, particularly around the maxima, thereby increasing the capacitance. The charging mechanism differs for the positive and negative electrodes, with counterion adsorption prevailing at the anode and co-ion desorption prevailing at the cathode. The charging mechanism is predominantly governed by the BF4 anions, serving as counterions and co-ions at the anode and cathode, respectively. Within the considered range of potentials, only minor changes are observed in the dynamical properties, specifically in the diffusion coefficients. Notably, it is interesting to observe that bulk properties are restored at a shorter distance from the gold surface in the case of the anode compared to the cathode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ntim
- Insitut für Physik, Johannes Gutenber Universität, Staudingerweg 7, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Marialore Sulpizi
- Insitut für Physik, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universitätstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Limaye A, Suvlu D, Willard AP. Water molecules mute the dependence of the double-layer potential profile on ionic strength. Faraday Discuss 2024; 249:267-288. [PMID: 37830233 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of molecular dynamics simulations of a nanoscale electrochemical cell. The simulations include an aqueous electrolyte solution with varying ionic strength (i.e., concentrations ranging from 0-4 M) between a pair of metallic electrodes held at constant potential difference. We analyze these simulations by computing the electrostatic potential profile of the electric double-layer region and find it to be nearly independent of ionic concentration, in stark contrast to the predictions of standard continuum-based theories. We attribute this lack of concentration dependence to the molecular influences of water molecules at the electrode-solution interface. These influences include the molecular manifestation of water's dielectric response, which tends to drown out the comparatively weak screening requirement of the ions. To support our analysis, we decompose water's interfacial response into three primary contributions: molecular layering, intrinsic (zero-field) orientational polarization, and the dipolar dielectric response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Limaye
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Dylan Suvlu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Adam P Willard
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang R, Wang L, Liu R, Li X, Wu Y, Ran F. "Fast-Charging" Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries from Perspective of Ion Diffusion in Crystal Structure. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2611-2648. [PMID: 38221745 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
"Fast-charging" lithium-ion batteries have gained a multitude of attention in recent years since they could be applied to energy storage areas like electric vehicles, grids, and subsea operations. Unfortunately, the excellent energy density could fail to sustain optimally while lithium-ion batteries are exposed to fast-charging conditions. In actuality, the crystal structure of electrode materials represents the critical factor for influencing the electrode performance. Accordingly, employing anode materials with low diffusion barrier could improve the "fast-charging" performance of the lithium-ion battery. In this Review, first, the "fast-charging" principle of lithium-ion battery and ion diffusion path in the crystal are briefly outlined. Next, the application prospects of "fast-charging" anode materials with various crystal structures are evaluated to search "fast-charging" anode materials with stable, safe, and long lifespan, solving the remaining challenges associated with high power and high safety. Finally, summarizing recent research advances for typical "fast-charging" anode materials, including preparation methods for advanced morphologies and the latest techniques for ameliorating performance. Furthermore, an outlook is given on the ongoing breakthroughs for "fast-charging" anode materials of lithium-ion batteries. Intercalated materials (niobium-based, carbon-based, titanium-based, vanadium-based) with favorable cycling stability are predominantly limited by undesired electronic conductivity and theoretical specific capacity. Accordingly, addressing the electrical conductivity of these materials constitutes an effective trend for realizing fast-charging. The conversion-type transition metal oxide and phosphorus-based materials with high theoretical specific capacity typically undergoes significant volume variation during charging and discharging. Consequently, alleviating the volume expansion could significantly fulfill the application of these materials in fast-charging batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Xiangye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Youzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Fen Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sitlapersad RS, Thornton AR, den Otter WK. Charging and discharging a supercapacitor in molecular simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:044111. [PMID: 38275193 DOI: 10.1063/5.0177103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world moves more toward unpredictable renewable energy sources, better energy storage devices are required. Supercapacitors are a promising technology to meet the demand for short-term, high-power energy storage. Clearly, understanding their charging and discharging behaviors is essential to improving the technology. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations provide microscopic insights into the complex interplay between the dynamics of the ions in the electrolyte and the evolution of the charge distributions on the electrodes. Traditional MD simulations of (dis)charging supercapacitors impose a pre-determined evolving voltage difference between the electrodes, using the Constant Potential Method (CPM). Here, we present an alternative method that explicitly simulates the charge flow to and from the electrodes. For a disconnected capacitor, i.e., an open circuit, the charges are allowed to redistribute within each electrode while the sum charges on both electrodes remain constant. We demonstrate, for a model capacitor containing an aqueous salt solution, that this method recovers the charge-potential curve of CPM simulations. The equilibrium voltage fluctuations are related to the differential capacitance. We next simulate a closed circuit by introducing equations of motion for the sum charges, by explicitly accounting for the external circuit element(s). Charging and discharging of the model supercapacitor via a resistance proceed by double exponential processes, supplementing the usual time scale set by the electrolyte dynamics with a novel time scale set by the external circuit. Finally, we propose a simple equivalent circuit that reproduces the main characteristics of this supercapacitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranisha S Sitlapersad
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony R Thornton
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter K den Otter
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sitlapersad RS, Thornton AR, den Otter WK. A simple efficient algorithm for molecular simulations of constant potential electrodes. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034107. [PMID: 38235800 DOI: 10.1063/5.0171502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, society requires high power, high energy storage devices for applications ranging from electric vehicles to buffers on the electric grid. Supercapacitors are a promising contribution to meeting these demands, though there still remain unsolved practical problems. Molecular dynamics simulations can shed light on the relevant molecular level processes in electric double layer capacitors, but these simulations are computationally very demanding. Our focus here is on the algorithmic complexity of the constant potential method (CPM), which uses dedicated electrostatics solvers to maintain a fixed potential difference between two conducting electrodes. We show how any standard electrostatics solver-capable of calculating the energies and forces on all atoms-can be used to implement CPM with a minimum of coding. As an example, we compare our generalized implementation of CPM, based on invocations of the particle-particle-particle-mesh routine of the Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator, with a traditional implementation based on a dedicated re-implementation of Ewald summation. Both methods yield comparable results on four test systems, with the former achieving a substantial gain in speed and improved scalability. The step from dedicated electrostatic solvers to generic routines is made possible by noting that CPM's traditional narrow Gaussian point-spread of atomic charges on the electrodes effectively endows point-like atoms with chemical hardness, i.e., an intra-atomic energy quadratic in the charge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranisha S Sitlapersad
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony R Thornton
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter K den Otter
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Goloviznina K, Bendadesse E, Sel O, Tarascon JM, Salanne M. Disclosing the Interfacial Electrolyte Structure of Na-Insertion Electrode Materials: Origins of the Desolvation Phenomenon. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59380-59388. [PMID: 38095112 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Among a variety of promising cathode materials for Na-ion batteries, polyanionic Na-insertion compounds are among the preferred choices due to known fast sodium transfer through the ion channels along their framework structures. The most interesting representatives are Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) and Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF), which display large Na+ diffusion coefficients (up to 10-9 m2 s-1 in NVP) and high voltage plateaux (up to 4.2 V for NVPF). While the diffusion in the solid material is well-known to be the rate-limiting step during charging, already being thoroughly discussed in the literature, interfacial transport of sodium ions from the liquid electrolyte toward the electrode was recently shown to be important due to complex ion desolvation effects at the surface. In order to fill the blanks in the description of the electrode/electrolyte interface in Na-ion batteries, we performed a molecular dynamics study of the local nanostructure of a series of carbonate-based sodium electrolytes at the NVP and the NVPF interfaces along with careful examination of the desolvation phenomenon. We show that the tightness of solvent packing at the electrode surface is a major factor determining the height of the free energy barrier associated with desolvation, which explains the differences between the NVP and the NVPF structures. To rationalize and emphasize the remarkable properties of this family of cathode materials, a complementary comparative analysis of the same electrolyte system at the carbon electrode interface was also performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Goloviznina
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex France
| | - Ezzoubair Bendadesse
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex France
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France
- Laboratoire Interfaces et Systemes Electrochimiques, LISE, UMR 8235, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ozlem Sel
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex France
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Marie Tarascon
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex France
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mo T, He H, Zhou J, Zeng L, Long Y, Feng G. Molecular Understanding of Charging Dynamics in Supercapacitors with Porous Electrodes and Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11258-11267. [PMID: 38060214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Porous electrodes and ionic liquids could significantly enhance the energy storage of supercapacitors. However, they may reduce the charging dynamics and power density due to the nanoconfinement of porous electrodes and the high viscosity of ionic liquids. A comprehensive understanding of the charging mechanism in porous supercapacitors with ionic liquids provides a crucial theoretical foundation for their design optimization. Here, we review the progress of molecular simulations of the charging dynamics in supercapacitors consisting of porous electrodes and ionic liquids. We highlight and delve into the breakthroughs in the ion transport and charging mechanism for electrodes with subnanometer pores and realistic porous structures. We also discuss future directions for the charging dynamics of supercapacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tangming Mo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Haoyu He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Jianguo Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yu Long
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research for Mathematics and Applied Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu J, Zhang J, Chen M, Yan J, Mao B, Feng G. Regulating the electrical double layer to prevent water electrolysis for wet ionic liquids with cheap salts. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18603-18612. [PMID: 37927229 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04700h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic ionic liquids (ILs), broadly utilized as electrolytes, face limitations in practical applications due to their hygroscopicity, which narrows their electrochemical windows via water electrolysis. Herein, we scrutinized the impact of incorporating cheap salts on the electrochemical stability of wet hydrophobic ILs. We observed that alkali ions effectively manipulate the solvation structure of water and regulate the electrical double layer (EDL) structure by subtly adjusting the free energy distribution of water in wet ILs. Specifically, alkali ions significantly disrupted the hydrogen bond network, reducing free water, strengthening the O-H bond, and lowering water activity in bulk electrolytes. This effect was particularly pronounced in EDL regions, where most water molecules were repelled from both the cathode and anode with the disappearance of the H-bond network connectivity along the EDL. The residual interfacial water underwent reorientation, inhibiting water electrolysis and thus enhancing the electrochemical window of wet hydrophobic ILs. This theoretical proposition was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry measurements, demonstrating a 45% enhancement in the electrochemical windows for salt-in-wet ILs, approximating the dry one. This work offers feasible strategies for tuning the EDL and managing interfacial water activity, expanding the comprehension of interface engineering for advanced electrochemical systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiedu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074 Wuhan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Jinkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074 Wuhan, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074 Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research for Mathematics and Applied Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Bingwei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074 Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research for Mathematics and Applied Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074 Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang C, Yang Y, Liu X, Mao M, Li K, Li Q, Zhang G, Wang C. Mobile energy storage technologies for boosting carbon neutrality. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100518. [PMID: 37841885 PMCID: PMC10568306 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon neutrality calls for renewable energies, and the efficient use of renewable energies requires energy storage mediums that enable the storage of excess energy and reuse after spatiotemporal reallocation. Compared with traditional energy storage technologies, mobile energy storage technologies have the merits of low cost and high energy conversion efficiency, can be flexibly located, and cover a large range from miniature to large systems and from high energy density to high power density, although most of them still face challenges or technical bottlenecks. In this review, we provide an overview of the opportunities and challenges of these emerging energy storage technologies (including rechargeable batteries, fuel cells, and electrochemical and dielectric capacitors). Innovative materials, strategies, and technologies are highlighted. Finally, the future directions are envisioned. We hope this review will advance the development of mobile energy storage technologies and boost carbon neutrality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Minglei Mao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kanghua Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangzu Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jäger H, Schlaich A, Yang J, Lian C, Kondrat S, Holm C. A screening of results on the decay length in concentrated electrolytes. Faraday Discuss 2023; 246:520-539. [PMID: 37602784 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Screening of electrostatic interactions in room-temperature ionic liquids and concentrated electrolytes has recently attracted much attention as surface force balance experiments have suggested the emergence of unanticipated anomalously large screening lengths at high ion concentrations. Termed underscreening, this effect was ascribed to the bulk properties of concentrated ionic systems. However, underscreening under experimentally relevant conditions is not predicted by classical theories and challenges our understanding of electrostatic correlations. Despite the enormous effort in performing large-scale simulations and new theoretical investigations, the origin of the anomalously long-range screening length remains elusive. This contribution briefly summarises the experimental, analytical and simulation results on ionic screening and the scaling behaviour of screening lengths. We then present an atomistic simulation approach that accounts for the solvent and ion exchange with a reservoir. We find that classical density functional theory (DFT) for concentrated electrolytes under confinement reproduces ion adsorption at charged interfaces surprisingly well. With DFT, we study confined electrolytes using implicit and explicit solvent models and the dependence on the solvent's dielectric properties. Our results demonstrate how the absence vs. presence of solvent particles and their discrete nature affect the short and long-range screening in concentrated ionic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Jäger
- Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science (SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexander Schlaich
- Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science (SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Lian
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Svyatoslav Kondrat
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christian Holm
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang S, Li Z, Yang G, Lin J, Xu Q. Molecular dynamics study of fluorosulfonyl ionic liquids as electrolyte for electrical double layer capacitors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29886-29893. [PMID: 37842684 PMCID: PMC10571016 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of high-performance supercapacitors is an important goal in the field of energy storage. Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising electrolyte materials for efficient energy storage in supercapacitors, because of the high stability, low volatility, and wider electrochemical stability window than traditional electrolytes. However, ILs-based supercapacitors usually show a relatively lower power density owing to the inherent viscosity-induced low electrical conductivity. Fluorosulfonyl ILs have aroused much attention in energy storage devices due to its low toxicity and excellent stability. Here, we propose that structural modification is an effective way to improve the energy storage performance of fluorosulfonyl ILs through the classical molecular dynamics (MD) method. Four fluorosulfonyl ILs with different sizes and symmetries were considered. Series of properties including conductivity, interface structure, and double-layer capacitance curves were systematically investigated. The results show that smaller size and more asymmetric structure can enhance self-diffusion coefficient and conductivity, and improve the electrochemical performance. Appropriate modification of the electrodes can further enhance the capacitive performance. Our work provides an opportunity to further understand and develop the fluorosulfonyl ILs electrolyte in supercapacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University Changchun 130032 China
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University Changchun 130032 China
| | - Guangmin Yang
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University Changchun 130032 China
| | - Jianyan Lin
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University Changchun 130032 China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Prospecting and Surveying Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun 130021 China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Y, Tian G. Theoretical Insight into the Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid Interface Structure and Differential Capacitance on Au(111): Effects of the Cationic Substituent Group. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14231-14245. [PMID: 37751408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Electric double layers (EDLs) play a key role in the electrochemical and energy storage of supercapacitors. It is important to understand the structure and properties of EDLs. In this work, quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study the microstructure of EDLs of four different substituents of imidazolium-based bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids (ILs) on the Au(111) surface. It is shown that the particle interactions influence the different arrangements of the anion and cation. More alkyl substitutions and longer alkyl chains result in a higher ELUMO and thus a stronger interaction energy between cations and electrodes. Strong interactions produce linear patterns of anions/cations on the electrode and a maximum value of differential capacitance near PZC, whereas weak interactions generate worm-like patterns of anions/cations on Au(111) and a minimum value of differential capacitance near the PZC. We hold the opinion that the alkyl substitution has more effects on the EDLs. Our analysis provides a new perspective on EDLs structures at the atomic and molecular level. This study provides a good basis and guidance for further understanding the interface phenomena and characteristics of ionic liquids in electrochemical and energy device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resource Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Guocai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resource Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
You W, Li M, Li Q, Jiang J, Xiang K, Xie M. Oxygen defect-mediated NiCo 2O 4 nanosheets as the electrode for pseudocapacitors with improved rate capability. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24862-24870. [PMID: 37674387 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01924a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxide-based supercapacitors have attracted much attention due to their high theoretical specific capacitances. However, due to an insufficient utilization ratio and poor intrinsic conductivity of active materials, the rate performance of these electrodes is usually low. Herein, oxygen defect-mediated NiCo2O4 nanosheets with enhanced electrical conductivity (1.9 S m-1vs. 0.2 S m-1 of original NiCo2O4 NSs) are fabricated using a post NaBH4 reduction strategy (denoted as r-NiCo2O4 NSs). The derived r-NiCo2O4 materials have sheet-like morphology, increased oxygen defects and low valence metal species, and an unprecedented rate capability comparable to that of carbon-based electrode materials, with a satisfactory capacitance of 1812 F g-1 and 91.5% retention at 20 A g-1. The general strategy can be extended to other transition metal oxides to construct enhanced conductivity electrodes for related energy storage and conversion devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen You
- Editorial Department of Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Qiong Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Jizhou Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Kun Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Mingjiang Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zeng L, Chen M, Wang Z, Qiao R, Feng G. Structural Evolution Governs Reversible Heat Generation in Electrical Double Layers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:096201. [PMID: 37721826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.096201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrical double layer (EDL) formation determines the reversible heat generation of supercapacitors. While classical theories suggest an exothermic nature, experiments revealed that it can be endothermic, depending on the polarization and electrolyte. Here, we perform constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations and develop a lattice gas model to explore the reversible heat of EDL formation in aqueous and ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes. Our Letter reveals that EDL formation in aqueous electrolytes exhibits endothermicity under negative polarization; it shows new complexity of endothermicity followed by exothermicity in ILs, regardless of electrode polarity. These thermal behaviors are determined by the structural evolution during EDL formation, dominated by adsorbed solvent molecules rather than ions in aqueous electrolytes but governed by "demixing" and "vacancy occupation" phenomena in ILs. This Letter provides new insights into the reversible heat of supercapacitors and presents a theoretical approach to investigating thermal behaviors involving the dynamics of EDLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhenxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rui Qiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ntim S, Sulpizi M. Molecular dynamics simulations of electrified interfaces including the metal polarisation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22619-22625. [PMID: 37555300 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01472j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding electrified interfaces requires an accurate description of the electric double layer which also takes into account the metal polarisation. Here we present a simple approach to the molecular dynamics simulation of electrified interfaces which combines fixed charges and a core-shell model for the description of the polarisable electron density on the metal electrode. The approach has been applied to the Au(111) surface in contact with a NaCl aqueous electrolyte solution in order to calculate the differential capacitance and to gain a detailed picture of the charging mechanism. Metal polarisation enhances the interfacial capacitance with a difference between the cathode and anode. In particular, we find that the influence of the metal polarisation on the electric double layer depends on the ion's solvation shell structure and, for the investigated interface, is more important at the cathode, where it modifies the sodium ion distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ntim
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Staudingerweg 7, 55128-Mainz, Germany
| | - Marialore Sulpizi
- Institut für Physik, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universitätstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Flores-Diaz N, De Rossi F, Das A, Deepa M, Brunetti F, Freitag M. Progress of Photocapacitors. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9327-9355. [PMID: 37294781 PMCID: PMC10416220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In response to the current trend of miniaturization of electronic devices and sensors, the complementary coupling of high-efficiency energy conversion and low-loss energy storage technologies has given rise to the development of photocapacitors (PCs), which combine energy conversion and storage in a single device. Photovoltaic systems integrated with supercapacitors offer unique light conversion and storage capabilities, resulting in improved overall efficiency over the past decade. Consequently, researchers have explored a wide range of device combinations, materials, and characterization techniques. This review provides a comprehensive overview of photocapacitors, including their configurations, operating mechanisms, manufacturing techniques, and materials, with a focus on emerging applications in small wireless devices, Internet of Things (IoT), and Internet of Everything (IoE). Furthermore, we highlight the importance of cutting-edge materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and organic materials for supercapacitors, as well as novel materials in photovoltaics, in advancing PCs for a carbon-free, sustainable society. We also evaluate the potential development, prospects, and application scenarios of this emerging area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Flores-Diaz
- School
of Natural and Environmental Science, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca De Rossi
- CHOSE
(Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic
Engineering, University of Rome “Tor
Vergata”, via
del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Aparajita Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Melepurath Deepa
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Francesca Brunetti
- CHOSE
(Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic
Engineering, University of Rome “Tor
Vergata”, via
del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Freitag
- School
of Natural and Environmental Science, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dufils T, Knijff L, Shao Y, Zhang C. PiNNwall: Heterogeneous Electrode Models from Integrating Machine Learning and Atomistic Simulation. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:5199-5209. [PMID: 37477645 PMCID: PMC10413855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy storage always involves the capacitive process. The prevailing electrode model used in the molecular simulation of polarizable electrode-electrolyte systems is the Siepmann-Sprik model developed for perfect metal electrodes. This model has been recently extended to study the metallicity in the electrode by including the Thomas-Fermi screening length. Nevertheless, a further extension to heterogeneous electrode models requires introducing chemical specificity, which does not have any analytical recipes. Here, we address this challenge by integrating the atomistic machine learning code (PiNN) for generating the base charge and response kernel and the classical molecular dynamics code (MetalWalls) dedicated to the modeling of electrochemical systems, and this leads to the development of the PiNNwall interface. Apart from the cases of chemically doped graphene and graphene oxide electrodes as shown in this study, the PiNNwall interface also allows us to probe polarized oxide surfaces in which both the proton charge and the electronic charge can coexist. Therefore, this work opens the door for modeling heterogeneous and complex electrode materials often found in energy storage systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dufils
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, P. O. Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lisanne Knijff
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, P. O. Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yunqi Shao
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, P. O. Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, P. O. Box 538, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nwankwo U, Wang YD, Lam CH, Onofrio N. Charge equilibration model with shielded long-range Coulomb for reactive molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:044104. [PMID: 37486045 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomic description of electrochemical systems requires reactive interaction potential to explicitly describe the chemistry between atoms and molecules and the evolving charge distribution and polarization effects. Calculating Coulomb electrostatic interactions and polarization effects requires a better estimate of the partial charge distribution in molecular systems. However, models such as reactive force fields and charge equilibration (QEq) include Coulomb interactions up to a short-distance cutoff for better computational speeds. Ignoring long-distance electrostatic interaction affects the ability to describe electrochemistry in large systems. We studied the long-range Coulomb effects among charged particles and extended the QEq method to include long-range effects. By this extension, we anticipate a proper account of Coulomb interactions in reactive molecular dynamics simulations. We validate the approach by computing charges on a series of metal-organic frameworks and some simple systems. Results are compared to regular QEq and quantum mechanics calculations. The study shows slightly overestimated charge values in the regular QEq approach. Moreover, our method was combined with Ewald summation to compute forces and evaluate the long-range effects of simple capacitor configurations. There were noticeable differences between the calculated charges with/without long-range Coulomb interactions. The difference, which may have originated from the long-range influence on the capacitor ions, makes the Ewald method a better descriptor of Coulomb electrostatics for charged electrodes. The approach explored in this study enabled the atomic description of electrochemical systems with realistic electrolyte thickness while accounting for the electrostatic effects of charged electrodes throughout the dielectric layer in devices like batteries and emerging solid-state memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Udoka Nwankwo
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Di Wang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chi-Hang Lam
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nicolas Onofrio
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mo T, Peng J, Dai W, Chen M, Presser V, Feng G. Horn-like Pore Entrance Boosts Charging Dynamics and Charge Storage of Nanoporous Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37498344 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing the synergy between nanoporous carbons and ionic liquids can significantly enhance the energy density of supercapacitors. The highest energy density has been obtained as the size of porous carbon matches the size of ionic liquids, while it may result in slower charging dynamics and thus reduce the power density. Enhancing energy storage without retarding charging dynamics remains challenging. Herein, we designed porous electrodes by introducing an optimized horn-like entrance to the nanopore, which can concurrently improve supercapacitors' charging dynamics and energy storage. Our results revealed the mechanism of improved charging lies in the gradual desolvation process and optimized ion motion paths: the former expedites the adsorption of the counterion by reducing the transitional energy barrier for ions entering the pores, and the latter accelerates the co-ion desorption and eliminates ion overfilling. Meanwhile, the enhancement of energy density could be attributed to the multi-ion coordinated migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tangming Mo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jiaxing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenlei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Volker Presser
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D22, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Campus D22, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C42, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research for Mathematics and Applied Science, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kondrat S, Feng G, Bresme F, Urbakh M, Kornyshev AA. Theory and Simulations of Ionic Liquids in Nanoconfinement. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6668-6715. [PMID: 37163447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have exciting properties such as nonvolatility, large electrochemical windows, and remarkable variety, drawing much interest in energy storage, gating, electrocatalysis, tunable lubrication, and other applications. Confined RTILs appear in various situations, for instance, in pores of nanostructured electrodes of supercapacitors and batteries, as such electrodes increase the contact area with RTILs and enhance the total capacitance and stored energy, between crossed cylinders in surface force balance experiments, between a tip and a sample in atomic force microscopy, and between sliding surfaces in tribology experiments, where RTILs act as lubricants. The properties and functioning of RTILs in confinement, especially nanoconfinement, result in fascinating structural and dynamic phenomena, including layering, overscreening and crowding, nanoscale capillary freezing, quantized and electrotunable friction, and superionic state. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental physical phenomena controlling the properties of such systems and the current state-of-the-art theoretical and simulation approaches developed for their description. We discuss these approaches sequentially by increasing atomistic complexity, paying particular attention to new physical phenomena emerging in nanoscale confinement. This review covers theoretical models, most of which are based on mapping the problems on pertinent statistical mechanics models with exact analytical solutions, allowing systematic analysis and new physical insights to develop more easily. We also describe a classical density functional theory, which offers a reliable and computationally inexpensive tool to account for some microscopic details and correlations that simplified models often fail to consider. Molecular simulations play a vital role in studying confined ionic liquids, enabling deep microscopic insights otherwise unavailable to researchers. We describe the basics of various simulation approaches and discuss their challenges and applicability to specific problems, focusing on RTIL structure in cylindrical and slit confinement and how it relates to friction and capacitive and dynamic properties of confined ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svyatoslav Kondrat
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Nano Interface Centre for Energy, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ,United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Urbakh
- School of Chemistry and the Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alexei A Kornyshev
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ,United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Du X, Lu J, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Gao J, Zhu X. Editable 3D Micro-Supercapacitor with High Energy Density Based on Mortise-Tenon Joint Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21134-21142. [PMID: 37096867 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional micro-supercapacitors (3D MSCs) have accelerated the development of microenergy-storage modules for miniaturized and portable electronics. However, the low energy density, complex construction strategy, and low assembly accuracy of a 3D MSC restrict its practical application. Herein, we design a simple construction strategy for a 3D MSC with high energy density by mortise and tenon structures. Wood-derived carbon modified by nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays (N-CNT-WDC) provides an ordered ion transport channel and a large active specific surface area, availing the improvement of the energy density of a 3D MSC. Its strong carbon skeleton structure supports the construction of 3D interdigital electrodes with a tenon structure by laser, realizing precise and regulable assembly of 3D MSCs through a mortise and tenon joint. The prepared 3D MSC based on N-CNT-WDC shows an excellent volumetric capacitance of 93.66 F cm-3, a high volumetric energy density of 12 mW h cm-3 at 600 mA cm-3, and an 85% retention rate of capacitance after 10,000 cycles of charge and discharge at 1000 mA cm-3. Furthermore, the mortise and tenon structure realizes diversified integration of 3D MSCs, making the integrated manufacturing of 3D microdevices more convenient and promoting their application in microelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Du
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jiaxing Lu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yue Liang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yongchao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Salanne M, Buriak JM, Chen X, Chueh W, Hersam MC, Schaak RE. Best Practices for Simulations and Calculations of Nanomaterials for Energy Applications: Avoiding "Garbage In, Garbage Out". ACS NANO 2023; 17:6147-6149. [PMID: 37038839 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
|
38
|
Pireddu G, Rotenberg B. Frequency-Dependent Impedance of Nanocapacitors from Electrode Charge Fluctuations as a Probe of Electrolyte Dynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:098001. [PMID: 36930930 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.098001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The frequency-dependent impedance is a fundamental property of electrical components. We show that it can be determined from the equilibrium dynamical fluctuations of the electrode charge in constant-potential molecular simulations, extending in particular a fluctuation-dissipation relation for the capacitance recovered in the low-frequency limit and provide an illustration on water-gold nanocapacitors. This Letter opens the way to the interpretation of electrochemical impedance measurements in terms of microscopic mechanisms, directly from the dynamics of the electrolyte, or indirectly via equivalent circuit models as in experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pireddu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Berthin R, Serva A, Fontaine O, Salanne M. Nanostructural Organization in a Biredox Ionic Liquid. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:101-106. [PMID: 36573965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids generally display peculiar structural features that impact their physical properties, such as the formation of polar and apolar domains. Recently, ionic liquids functionalized with anthraquinone and TEMPO redox groups were shown to increase the energy storage performance of supercapacitors, but their structure has not yet been characterized. In this work, we use polarizable molecular dynamics to study the nanostructuration of such biredox ionic liquids. We show that TEMPO nitroxyl functions tend to aggregate, while the anthraquinone groups favor stacked arrangements. The latter eventually percolate through the whole liquid, which sheds some light on the mechanisms at play within biredox ionic liquid-based supercapacitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Berthin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Alessandra Serva
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Fontaine
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jeong KJ, Jeong S, Lee S, Son CY. Predictive Molecular Models for Charged Materials Systems: From Energy Materials to Biomacromolecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204272. [PMID: 36373701 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions play a dominant role in charged materials systems. Understanding the complex correlation between macroscopic properties with microscopic structures is of critical importance to develop rational design strategies for advanced materials. But the complexity of this challenging task is augmented by interfaces present in the charged materials systems, such as electrode-electrolyte interfaces or biological membranes. Over the last decades, predictive molecular simulations that are founded in fundamental physics and optimized for charged interfacial systems have proven their value in providing molecular understanding of physicochemical properties and functional mechanisms for diverse materials. Novel design strategies utilizing predictive models have been suggested as promising route for the rational design of materials with tailored properties. Here, an overview of recent advances in the understanding of charged interfacial systems aided by predictive molecular simulations is presented. Focusing on three types of charged interfaces found in energy materials and biomacromolecules, how the molecular models characterize ion structure, charge transport, morphology relation to the environment, and the thermodynamics/kinetics of molecular binding at the interfaces is discussed. The critical analysis brings two prominent field of energy materials and biological science under common perspective, to stimulate crossover in both research field that have been largely separated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Jun Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Seungwon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Chang Yun Son
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Te Vrugt M, Wittkowski R. Perspective: New directions in dynamical density functional theory. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 35:041501. [PMID: 35917827 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac8633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Classical dynamical density functional theory (DDFT) has become one of the central modeling approaches in nonequilibrium soft matter physics. Recent years have seen the emergence of novel and interesting fields of application for DDFT. In particular, there has been a remarkable growth in the amount of work related to chemistry. Moreover, DDFT has stimulated research on other theories such as phase field crystal models and power functional theory. In this perspective, we summarize the latest developments in the field of DDFT and discuss a variety of possible directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Te Vrugt
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Raphael Wittkowski
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bi S, Salanne M. Co-Ion Desorption as the Main Charging Mechanism in Metallic 1T-MoS 2 Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18658-18666. [PMID: 36269844 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metallic 1T-MoS2 is a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Its layered structure allows the efficient intercalation of ions, leading to experimental volumetric capacitance as high as 140 F/cm3. Molecular dynamics could in principle be used to characterize its charging mechanism; however, unlike conventional nanoporous carbon, 1T-MoS2 is a multicomponent electrode. The Mo and S atoms have very different electronegativities so that 1T-MoS2 cannot be simulated accurately using the conventional constant potential method. In this work, we show that controlling the electrochemical potential of the atoms allows one to recover average partial charges for the elements in agreement with electronic structure calculations for the material at rest, without compromising the ability to simulate systems under an applied voltage. The simulations yield volumetric capacitances in agreement with experiments. We show that due to the large electronegativity of S, the co-ion desorption is the main charging mechanism at play during the charging process. This contrasts drastically with carbon materials for which ion exchange and counterion adsorption usually dominate. In the future, our method can be extended to the study of a wide range of families of 2D layered materials such as MXenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Bi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physico-Chimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231Paris Cedex 05, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gommes CJ, Chaltin F. The electrical impedance of carbon xerogel hierarchical electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
44
|
Ahrens-Iwers LJ, Janssen M, Tee SR, Meißner RH. ELECTRODE: An electrochemistry package for atomistic simulations. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:084801. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0099239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Constant potential methods (CPM) enable computationally efficient simulations of the solid-liquid interface at conducting electrodes in molecular dynamics (MD). They have been successfully used, for example, to realistically model the behavior of ionic liquids or water-in-salt electrolytes in supercapacitors and batteries. The CPM models conductive electrodes by updating charges of individual electrode atoms according to the applied electric potential and the (time-dependent) local electrolyte structure. Here we present a feature-rich CPM implementation, called ELECTRODE, for the Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS), which includes a constrained charge method and a thermo-potentiostat. The ELECTRODE package also contains a finite-field approach, multiple corrections for non-periodic boundary conditions of the particle-particle particle-mesh solver, and a Thomas-Fermi model for using non-ideal metals as electrodes. We demonstrate the capabilities of this implementation for a parallel-plate electrical double-layer capacitor, for which we have investigated the charging times with the different implemented methods and found an interesting relationship between water and ionic dipole relaxations. To prove the validity of the one-dimensional correction for the long-range electrostatics, we estimated the vacuum capacitance of two co-axial carbon nanotubes and compared it to structureless cylinders, for which an analytical expression exists. In summary, the ELECTRODE package enables efficient electrochemical simulations using state-of-the-art methods, allowing one to simulate even heterogeneous electrodes. Moreover, it allows unveiling more rigorously how electrode curvature affects the capacitance with the one-dimensional correction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shern Ren Tee
- The University of Queensland Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu J. Understanding the Electric Double-Layer Structure, Capacitance, and Charging Dynamics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10821-10859. [PMID: 35594506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in recent years in theoretical modeling of the electric double layer (EDL), a key concept in electrochemistry important for energy storage, electrocatalysis, and multitudes of other technological applications. However, major challenges remain in understanding the microscopic details of the electrochemical interface and charging mechanisms under realistic conditions. This review delves into theoretical methods to describe the equilibrium and dynamic responses of the EDL structure and capacitance for electrochemical systems commonly deployed for capacitive energy storage. Special emphasis is given to recent advances that intend to capture the nonclassical EDL behavior such as oscillatory ion distributions, polarization of nonmetallic electrodes, charge transfer, and various forms of phase transitions in the micropores of electrodes interfacing with an organic electrolyte or ionic liquid. This comprehensive analysis highlights theoretical insights into predictable relationships between materials characteristics and electrochemical performance and offers a perspective on opportunities for further development toward rational design and optimization of electrochemical systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|