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Colleran A, Lima C, Xu Y, Millichope A, Murray S, Goodacre R. Using surface-enhanced Raman scattering for simultaneous multiplex detection and quantification of thiols associated to axillary malodour. Analyst 2024; 149:3989-4001. [PMID: 38948950 PMCID: PMC11262063 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00762j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Axillary malodour is caused by the microbial conversion of human-derived precursors to volatile organic compounds. Thiols strongly contribute to this odour but are hard to detect as they are present at low concentrations. Additionally, thiols are highly volatile and small making sampling and quantification difficult, including by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In this study, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), combined with chemometrics, was utilised to simultaneously quantify four malodourous thiols associated with axillary odour, both in individual and multiplex solutions. Univariate and multivariate methods of partial least squares regression (PLS-R) were used to calculate the limit of detection (LoD) and results compared. Both methods yielded comparable LoD values, with LoDs using PLS-R ranging from 0.0227 ppm to 0.0153 ppm for the thiols studied. These thiols were then examined and quantified simultaneously in 120 mixtures using PLS-R. The resultant models showed high linearity (Q2 values between 0.9712 and 0.9827 for both PLS-1 and PLS-2) and low values of root mean squared error of predictions (0.0359 ppm and 0.0459 ppm for PLS-1 and PLS-2, respectively). To test this approach further, these models were challenged with 15 new blind test samples, collected independently from the initial samples. This test demonstrated that SERS combined with PLS-R could be used to predict the unknown concentrations of these thiols in a mixture. These results display the ability of SERS for the simultaneous multiplex detection and quantification of analytes and its potential for future development for detecting gaseous thiols produced from skin and other body sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Colleran
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Cassio Lima
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Yun Xu
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Allen Millichope
- Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Stephanie Murray
- Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, CH63 3JW, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
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2
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Mametov R, Sagandykova G, Monedeiro F, Florkiewicz A, Piszczek P, Radtke A, Pomastowski P. Metabolic profiling of bacteria with the application of polypyrrole-MOF SPME fibers and plasmonic nanostructured LDI-MS substrates. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5562. [PMID: 38448652 PMCID: PMC10917794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we present application of innovative lab-made analytical devices such as plasmonic silver nanostructured substrates and polypyrrole-MOF solid-phase microextraction fibers for metabolic profiling of bacteria. For the first time, comprehensive metabolic profiling of both volatile and non-volatile low-molecular weight compounds in eight bacterial strains was carried out with utilization of lab-made devices. Profiles of low molecular weight metabolites were analyzed for similarities and differences using principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and random forest algorithm. The results showed clear differentiation between Gram positive (G+) and Gram negative (G-) species which were identified as distinct clusters according to their volatile metabolites. In case of non-volatile metabolites, differentiation between G+ and G- species and clustering for all eight species were observed for the chloroform fraction of the Bligh & Dyer extract, while methanolic fraction failed to recover specific ions in the profile. Furthermore, the results showed correlation between volatile and non-volatile metabolites, which suggests that lab-made devices presented in the current study might be complementary and therefore, useful for species differentiation and gaining insights into bacterial metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radik Mametov
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Gulyaim Sagandykova
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Fernanda Monedeiro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Aleksandra Florkiewicz
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Pawel Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
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3
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Wang W, Wang X, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Fang X, Cong Y, Tang Z, Chen L, Zhong J, Li R, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Li S. Raman spectrum combined with deep learning for precise recognition of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05209-9. [PMID: 38383664 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a major pathogen that poses a serious threat to human health. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective measures to curb its rapid development. To address this, an in-depth study on the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of 22 strains of 7 categories of CRE using a gold silver composite SERS substrate was conducted. The residual networks with an attention mechanism to classify the SERS spectrum from three perspectives (pathogenic bacteria type, enzyme-producing subtype, and sensitive antibiotic type) were performed. The results show that the SERS spectrum measured by the composite SERS substrate was repeatable and consistent. The SERS spectrum of CRE showed varying degrees of species differences, and the strain difference in the SERS spectrum of CRE was closely related to the type of enzyme-producing subtype. The introduced attention mechanism improved the classification accuracy of the residual network (ResNet) model. The accuracy of CRE classification for different strains and enzyme-producing subtypes reached 94.0% and 96.13%, respectively. The accuracy of CRE classification by pathogen sensitive antibiotic combination reached 93.9%. This study is significant for guiding antibiotic use in CRE infection, as the sensitive antibiotic used in treatment can be predicted directly by measuring CRE spectra. Our study demonstrates the potential of combining SERS with deep learning algorithms to identify CRE without culture labels and classify its sensitive antibiotics. This approach provides a new idea for rapid and accurate clinical detection of CRE and has important significance for alleviating the rapid development of resistance to CRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Donghua Hospital Laboratory Department, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianglin Fang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanguang Cong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Luzhu Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyi Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruoyi Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhusheng Guo
- Donghua Hospital Laboratory Department, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shaoxin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Medical Imaging Equipment, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Jeon Y, Lee S, Vu NT, Kim H, Hwang IS, Oh CS, You J. Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection of Fire Blight Pathogen Using a Pathogen-Specific Bacteriophage. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2374-2380. [PMID: 38247141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Fire blight is one of the most devastating plant diseases, causing severe social and economic problems. Herein, we report a novel method based on label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) combined with an Erwinia amylovora-specific bacteriophage that allows detecting efficiently fire blight bacteria E. amylovora for the first time. To achieve the highest SERS signals for E. amylovora, we synthesized and compared plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs) with different sizes, i.e., bimetallic gold core-silver shell nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs) and monometallic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and utilized the coffee-ring effect for the self-assembly of PNPs and enrichment of fire blight bacteria. Furthermore, we investigated the changes in the SERS spectra of E. amylovora after incubation with an E. amylovora-specific bacteriophage, and we found considerable differences in the SERS signals as a function of the bacteriophage incubation time. The results indicate that our bacteriophage-based label-free SERS analysis can specifically detect E. amylovora without the need for peak assignment on the SERS spectra but simply by monitoring the changes in the SERS signals over time. Therefore, our facile method holds great potential for the label-free detection of pathogenic bacteria and the investigation of viral-bacterial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Jeon
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources and Institute of Graduate School of Green-Bio Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Suji Lee
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources and Institute of Graduate School of Green-Bio Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Trung Vu
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyeongsoon Kim
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - In Sun Hwang
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Chang-Sik Oh
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jungmok You
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources and Institute of Graduate School of Green-Bio Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
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5
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Zhang X, Yang Q, Ma L, Zhang D, Lin W, Schlensky N, Cheng H, Zheng Y, Luo X, Ding C, Zhang Y, Hou X, Lu F, Yan H, Wang R, Li CZ, Qu K. Automatically showing microbial growth kinetics with a high-performance microbial growth analyzer. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 239:115626. [PMID: 37643493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to show microbial growth kinetics online when they grow in complex matrices. We presented a novel strategy to address this challenge by developing a high-performance microbial growth analyzer (HPMGA), which employed a unique 32-channel capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector as a sensing element and fixed with a CellStatz software. It was capable of online showing accurate and repeatable growth curves of well-dispersed and bad-dispersed microbes, whether they grew in homogeneous simple culture broth or heterogeneous complex matrices. Moreover, it could automatically report key growth kinetics parameters. In comparison to optical density (OD), plate counting and broth microdilution (BMD) methods, we demonstrated its practicability in five scenarios: 1) the illustration of the growth, growth rate, and acceleration curves of Escherichia coli (E. coli); 2) the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of Oxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus); 3) the determination of Ag nanoparticle toxicity on Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri); 4) the characterization of milk fermentation; and 5) the enumeration of viable pathogenic Vibrio in shrimp body. Results highlighted that the HPMGA method had the advantages of universality and effectivity. This technology would significantly facilitate the routine analysis of microbial growth in many fields (biology, medicine, clinic, life, food, environment, and ecology), paving an avenue for microbiologists to achieve research goals that have been inhibited for years due to a lack of practical analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liangyu Ma
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Wentao Lin
- eDAQ Pty Ltd, 6 Doig Ave, Denistone East, NSW, 2112, Australia
| | - Nick Schlensky
- eDAQ Pty Ltd, 6 Doig Ave, Denistone East, NSW, 2112, Australia
| | - Hongrui Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yuanhui Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
| | - Xiliang Luo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Caifeng Ding
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiangyi Hou
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ruoju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Biosensors & Bioelectronics Center, Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, China.
| | - Keming Qu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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6
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Wang W, Vikesland PJ. Metabolite-Mediated Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance Revealed by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13375-13383. [PMID: 37624741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A prompt on-site, real-time method to detect bacterial antibiotic resistance is crucial for controlling the spread of resistance. Herein, we report the use of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for the monitoring of bioactive metabolites produced by ampicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and identification of mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance. The results indicate that the blue-green pigment pyocyanin (PYO) dominates the metabolite signals and is significantly enhanced upon exposure to subminimal inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin. PYO accumulates during exponential growth and subsequently either diffuses into the culture medium or is consumed in response to nutrient deprivation. The SERS spectra further reveal that the production of some intermediate substances such as polysaccharides and amino acids is minimally impacted and that nutrient consumption remains consistent. Moreover, the intensity changes and peak shifts observed in the SERS spectra of non-PYO-producing ampicillin-susceptible Escherichia coli demonstrate that exogenously added PYO enhances E. coli tolerance to ampicillin to some extent. These results indicate that PYO mediates antibiotic resistance not only in the parent species but also in cocultured bacterial strains. The metabolic SERS signal provides new insight regarding antibiotic resistance with promising applications for both environmental monitoring and rapid clinical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Virginia Tech Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Virginia Tech Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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7
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Garg A, Nam W, Wang W, Vikesland P, Zhou W. In Situ Spatiotemporal SERS Measurements and Multivariate Analysis of Virally Infected Bacterial Biofilms Using Nanolaminated Plasmonic Crystals. ACS Sens 2023; 8:1132-1142. [PMID: 36893064 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
In situ spatiotemporal biochemical characterization of the activity of living multicellular biofilms under external stimuli remains a significant challenge. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), combining the molecular fingerprint specificity of vibrational spectroscopy with the hotspot sensitivity of plasmonic nanostructures, has emerged as a promising noninvasive bioanalysis technique for living systems. However, most SERS devices do not allow reliable long-term spatiotemporal SERS measurements of multicellular systems because of challenges in producing spatially uniform and mechanically stable SERS hotspot arrays to interface with large cellular networks. Furthermore, very few studies have been conducted for multivariable analysis of spatiotemporal SERS datasets to extract spatially and temporally correlated biological information from multicellular systems. Here, we demonstrate in situ label-free spatiotemporal SERS measurements and multivariate analysis of Pseudomonas syringae biofilms during development and upon infection by bacteriophage virus Phi6 by employing nanolaminate plasmonic crystal SERS devices to interface mechanically stable, uniform, and spatially dense hotspot arrays with the P. syringae biofilms. We exploited unsupervised multivariate machine learning methods, including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), to resolve the spatiotemporal evolution and Phi6 dose-dependent changes of major Raman peaks originating from biochemical components in P. syringae biofilms, including cellular components, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), metabolite molecules, and cell lysate-enriched extracellular media. We then employed supervised multivariate analysis using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for the multiclass classification of Phi6 dose-dependent biofilm responses, demonstrating the potential for viral infection diagnosis. We envision extending the in situ spatiotemporal SERS method to monitor dynamic, heterogeneous interactions between viruses and bacterial networks for applications such as phage-based anti-biofilm therapy development and continuous pathogenic virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Garg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Wonil Nam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Peter Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Zhang X, Hou X, Ma L, Shi Y, Zhang D, Qu K. Analytical methods for assessing antimicrobial activity of nanomaterials in complex media: advances, challenges, and perspectives. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:97. [PMID: 36941596 PMCID: PMC10026445 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the antimicrobial activity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), especially in realistic scenarios, is of great significance for both basic research and applications. Multiple analytical methods are available for analysis via off-line or on-line measurements. Real-world samples are often complex with inorganic and organic components, which complicates the measurements of microbial viability and/or metabolic activity. This article highlights the recent advances achieved in analytical methods including typical applications and specifics regarding their accuracy, cost, efficiency, and user-friendliness. Methodological drawbacks, technique gaps, and future perspectives are also discussed. This review aims to help researchers select suitable methods for gaining insight into antimicrobial activities of targeted ENMs in artificial and natural complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiangyi Hou
- School of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liangyu Ma
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yaqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Keming Qu
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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9
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Wang W, Rahman A, Kang S, Vikesland PJ. Investigation of the Influence of Stress on Label-Free Bacterial Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectra. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3675-3683. [PMID: 36757218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been proposed as a promising bacterial detection technique. However, the quality of the collected bacterial spectra can be affected by the time between sample acquisition and the SERS measurement. This study evaluated how storage stress stimuli influence the label-free SERS spectra of Pseudomonas syringae samples stored in phosphate buffered saline. The results indicate that when faced with nutrient limitations and changes in osmatic pressure, samples at room temperature (25 °C) exhibit more significant spectral changes than those stored at cold temperature (4 °C). At higher temperatures, bacterial communities secrete extracellular biomolecules that induce programmed cell death and result in increases in the supernatant SERS signals. Surviving cells consume cellular components to support their metabolism, thus leading to measurable declines in cell SERS intensity. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy analysis suggests that cellular component signatures decline sequentially in the following order: proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Extracellular nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates are secreted in turn. After subtracting the SERS changes resulting from storage, we evaluated bacterial response to viral infection. P. syringae SERS profile changes enable accurate bacteriophage Phi6 quantification over the range of 104-1010 PFU/mL. The results indicate that storage conditions impact bacterial label-free SERS signals and that such influences need to be accounted for and if possible avoided when detecting bacteria or evaluating bacterial response to stress stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Asifur Rahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Seju Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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10
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Fast Track Diagnostic Tools for Clinical Management of Sepsis: Paradigm Shift from Conventional to Advanced Methods. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020277. [PMID: 36673087 PMCID: PMC9857847 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the deadliest disorders in the new century due to specific limitations in early and differential diagnosis. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is becoming the dominant threat to human health globally. The only way to encounter the spread and emergence of AMR is through the active detection and identification of the pathogen along with the quantification of resistance. For better management of such disease, there is an essential requirement to approach many suitable diagnostic techniques for the proper administration of antibiotics and elimination of these infectious diseases. The current method employed for the diagnosis of sepsis relies on the conventional culture of blood suspected infection. However, this method is more time consuming and generates results that are false negative in the case of antibiotic pretreated samples as well as slow-growing microbes. In comparison to the conventional method, modern methods are capable of analyzing blood samples, obtaining accurate results from the suspicious patient of sepsis, and giving all the necessary information to identify the pathogens as well as AMR in a short period. The present review is intended to highlight the culture shift from conventional to modern and advanced technologies including their limitations for the proper and prompt diagnosing of bloodstream infections and AMR detection.
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Garg A, Mejia E, Nam W, Vikesland P, Zhou W. Biomimetic Transparent Nanoplasmonic Meshes by Reverse-Nanoimprinting for Bio-Interfaced Spatiotemporal Multimodal SERS Bioanalysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204517. [PMID: 36161480 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular systems, such as microbial biofilms and cancerous tumors, feature complex biological activities coordinated by cellular interactions mediated via different signaling and regulatory pathways, which are intrinsically heterogeneous, dynamic, and adaptive. However, due to their invasiveness or their inability to interface with native cellular networks, standard bioanalysis methods do not allow in situ spatiotemporal biochemical monitoring of multicellular systems to capture holistic spatiotemporal pictures of systems-level biology. Here, a high-throughput reverse nanoimprint lithography approach is reported to create biomimetic transparent nanoplasmonic microporous mesh (BTNMM) devices with ultrathin flexible microporous structures for spatiotemporal multimodal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements at the bio-interface. It is demonstrated that BTNMMs, supporting uniform and ultrasensitive SERS hotspots, can simultaneously enable spatiotemporal multimodal SERS measurements for targeted pH sensing and non-targeted molecular detection to resolve the diffusion dynamics for pH, adenine, and Rhodamine 6G molecules in agarose gel. Moreover, it is demonstrated that BTNMMs can act as multifunctional bio-interfaced SERS sensors to conduct in situ spatiotemporal pH mapping and molecular profiling of Escherichia coli biofilms. It is envisioned that the ultrasensitive multimodal SERS capability, transport permeability, and biomechanical compatibility of the BTNMMs can open exciting avenues for bio-interfaced multifunctional sensing applications both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Garg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Elieser Mejia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wonil Nam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Peter Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Wang W, Rahman A, Huang Q, Vikesland PJ. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enabled evaluation of bacterial inactivation. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118668. [PMID: 35689895 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An improved understanding of bacterial inactivation mechanisms will provide useful insights for infectious disease control and prevention. We evaluated bacterial response to several inactivation methods using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The results indicate that changes in the SERS signal are highly related to cellular disruption and that cellular changes arising after cell inactivation cannot be ignored. The membrane integrity of heat and the combination of UV254 and free chlorine (UV254/chlorine) treated Pseudomonas syringae (P. syringae) cells were severely disrupted, leading to significantly increased peak intensities. Conversely, ethanol treated bacteria exhibited intact cell morphologies and the SERS spectra remained virtually unchanged. On the basis of time dependent SERS signals, we extracted dominant SERS patterns. Peaks related to nucleic acids accounted for the main changes observed during heat, UV254, and UV254/chlorine treatment, likely due to their outward diffusion from the cell cytoplasm. For free chlorine treated P. syringae, carbohydrates and proteins on the cell membrane were denatured or lost, resulting in a decrease in related peak intensities. The nucleobases were likely oxidized when treated with UV254 and chlorine, thus leading to shifts in the related peaks. The generality of the method was verified using two additional bacterial strains: Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as well as in different water matrices. The results suggest that SERS spectral analysis is a promising means to examine bacterial stress response at the molecular level and has applicability in diverse environmental implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA; Virginia Tech Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Asifur Rahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA; Virginia Tech Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Qishen Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA; Virginia Tech Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA; Virginia Tech Institute of Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
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Garg A, Mejia E, Nam W, Nie M, Wang W, Vikesland P, Zhou W. Microporous Multiresonant Plasmonic Meshes by Hierarchical Micro-Nanoimprinting for Bio-Interfaced SERS Imaging and Nonlinear Nano-Optics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106887. [PMID: 35224852 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microporous mesh plasmonic devices have the potential to combine the biocompatibility of microporous polymeric meshes with the capabilities of plasmonic nanostructures to enhance nanoscale light-matter interactions for bio-interfaced optical sensing and actuation. However, scalable integration of dense and uniformly structured plasmonic hotspot arrays with microporous polymeric meshes remains challenging due to the processing incompatibility of conventional nanofabrication methods with flexible microporous substrates. Here, scalable nanofabrication of microporous multiresonant plasmonic meshes (MMPMs) is achieved via a hierarchical micro-/nanoimprint lithography approach using dissolvable polymeric templates. It is demonstrated that MMPMs can serve as broadband nonlinear nanoplasmonic devices to generate second-harmonic generation, third-harmonic generation, and upconversion photoluminescence signals with multiresonant plasmonic enhancement under fs pulse excitation. Moreover, MMPMs are employed and explored as bio-interfaced surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy mesh sensors to enable in situ spatiotemporal molecular profiling of bacterial biofilm activity. Microporous mesh plasmonic devices open exciting avenues for bio-interfaced optical sensing and actuation applications, such as inflammation-free epidermal sensors in conformal contact with skin, combined tissue-engineering and biosensing scaffolds for in vitro 3D cell culture models, and minimally invasive implantable probes for long-term disease diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Garg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Elieser Mejia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wonil Nam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Meitong Nie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Peter Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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