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Ding Y, Zheng JT, Wang YN, Wu D, Zhu D. Presence of microplastics enhanced the toxicity of silver nanoparticles on the collembolan Folsomia candida. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 366:143557. [PMID: 39424157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 10/13/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
There is growing interest in interactions of microplastics (MPs) with other pollutants. However, there is limited understanding of the combined effects of MPs and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on nontarget soil organisms. This work aimed to examine the effects of exposure to various AgNPs' concentrations alone (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000 mg kg-1, 50 nm) and in combination with polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC MPs, 80-250 μm) at 0.1% concentration for 28 days on reproduction, Ag accumulation, C/N ratio, and isotopic fractionation of the standard soil fauna collembolan Folsomia candida. Results showed that compared to the AgNPs exposure alone, the presence of MPs significantly reduced reproduction by 51.4% and markedly increased Ag content in collembolans by 87.7% at 1000 mg kg-1 AgNPs, which evidenced a synergistic effect. Co-exposure to MPs and AgNPs resulted in a noticeable reduction in the C/N ratio in F. candida body tissues by 9.90% and 5.27% at 1 and 10 mg kg-1 AgNPs, respectively, showing additive and synergistic effects. Additionally, this co-exposure altered stable isotope fractionation, with the highest increments of δ15N by 32.3% and inhibition of δ13C by 2.62%, demonstrating the turnover of nutrients shift in the collembolan tissues. Collectively, this study demonstrates that con-current exposure to environmentally relevant concentration of MPs and relatively high doses of AgNPs synergistically induces toxic effects on F. candida, leading to Ag accumulation and reproduction decline. These findings imply that MPs could alter collembolans' responses to AgNPs exposure, potentially enhancing the metal ions' bioavailability in soil environments and posing ecotoxicological threats to soil-dwelling organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China
| | - Jin-Ting Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China
| | - Ya-Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Di Wu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Lou Y, Wang Y, Li S, Yu F, Liu X, Cong Y, Li Z, Jin F, Zhang M, Yao Z, Wang J. Different responses of marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum upon exposures to WAF and CEWAF of crude oil: A case study coupled with stable isotopic signatures. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133833. [PMID: 38401215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Increasing use of chemical dispersants for oil spills highlights the need to understand their adverse effects on marine microalgae and nutrient assimilation because the toxic components of crude oil can be more bioavailable. We employed the crude oil water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and chemically enhanced WAF (CEWAF) to compare different responses in marine microalgae (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) coupled with stable isotopic signatures. The concentration and proportion of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs), which are key toxic components in crude oil, increased after dispersant addition. CEWAF exposure caused higher percent growth inhibition and a lower chlorophyll-a level of microalgae than those after WAF exposure. Compared with WAF exposure, CEWAF led to an enhancement in the self-defense mechanism of P. tricornutum, accompanied by an increased content of extracellular polymeric substances. 13C-depletion and carbon assimilation were altered in P. tricornutum, suggesting more HMW PAHs could be utilized as carbon sources by microalgae under CEWAF. CEWAF had no significant effects on the isotopic fractionation or assimilation of nitrogen in P. tricornutum. Our study unveiled the impact on the growth, physiological response, and nutrient assimilation of microalgae upon WAF and CEWAF exposures. Our data provide new insights into the ecological effects of dispersant applications for coastal oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Lou
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Shiyue Li
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fuwei Yu
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; School of Chemical, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yi Cong
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhaochuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Fei Jin
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ziwei Yao
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Juying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Marine Debris and Microplastic Research Center, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
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Ledesma M, Gorokhova E, Nybom I, Sobek A, Ahlström D, Garbaras A, Karlson AM. Does pre-exposure to polluted sediment affect sub-cellular to population-level responses to contaminant exposure in a sentinel species? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122882. [PMID: 37951527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how key-species respond to anthropogenic stress such as chemical pollution is critical for predicting ecosystem changes. Little is however known about the intra-specific variability in the physiological and biochemical traits involved in contaminant exposure responses. Here, we explored this idea by exposing the Baltic amphipod Monoporeia affinis from two sites, one moderately polluted and one more pristine, to a sediment spiked with PAHs and PCBs. We evaluated the amphipods responses related to feeding, growth, a stress biomarker (acetylcholinesterase [AChE] inhibition) and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) composition including isotope niche analyses. More adverse responses were expected in animals from the low-pollution site than those from the high-pollution site due to tolerance development in the latter. Amphipods from both populations showed a ∼30% AChE inhibition when exposed to the contaminant spiked sediment. However, both controls and exposed amphipods from the high-pollution site had higher survival, nutrient uptake and condition status than the amphipods from the low-pollution site, which did not feed on the added diatoms as indicated by their isotope values. We found no signs of population-specific responses in physiological adjustments to contaminants with regard to classic ecotoxicological biomarkers such as AChE inhibition and growth status. Instead, isotope niche analyses proved useful in assessing contaminant stress responses at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ledesma
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inna Nybom
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ahlström
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Department of Nuclear Research, Centre for Physical Science and Technology, Savanorių Ave. 231, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnes Ml Karlson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden; Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
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Bollinger E, Zubrod JP, Englert D, Pollitt A, Fuß B, Schulz R, Bundschuh M. Making the Invisible Visible? Using Stable Isotope Analysis to Detect Indirect Toxicant Effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:1937-1945. [PMID: 36263953 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although stable isotope analysis (SIA) is widely used to address ecological research questions, its application in an ecotoxicological context has been limited. Recent studies have proposed an effect of chemical stressors on an organism's isotope signature, questioning the use of SIA in food webs impacted by toxicants. Against this background, the present study investigates 1) whether trophic enrichment factors (TEFs; i.e., the offset in stable isotope signatures of a consumer to its diet) are altered by the neonicotinoid thiacloprid, and 2) whether tracking toxicant effects on an organism's diet composition (i.e., indirect effect) with SIA fits direct observations of consumption. To address the former, the amphipod Gammarus fossarum (Koch) was exposed to three levels (0, 0.75, and 5 µg L-1 ) of thiacloprid and fed with either black alder leaves or Baetis rhodani (Pictet) larvae over 6 weeks (n = 35). The thiacloprid-induced changes in TEFs that we found were statistically significant but small compared with other factors (e.g., resource quality, consumer, and physiological condition) and thus likely of minor importance. To address the latter issue, gammarids were exposed to two levels of thiacloprid (0 and 0.75 µg L-1 ) and fed with either black alder leaves, live B. rhodani larvae, or both over 2 weeks (n = 10). Dietary proportions as suggested by SIA were indeed in agreement with those derived from direct observation of consumption. The present study consequently suggests that SIA is as a robust tool to detect indirect toxicant effects especially if TEFs are assessed in parallel. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1937-1945. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Bollinger
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Zubrod Environmental Data Science, Landau, Germany
| | - Dominic Englert
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Annika Pollitt
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Bastian Fuß
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Wu D, Zhou H, Hu Z, Ai F, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. Multiple effects of ZnO nanoparticles on goldfish (Carassius auratus): Skin mucus, gut microbiota and stable isotope composition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121651. [PMID: 37062409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The skin and the gut are direct target tissues for nanoparticles, yet attention to effects of metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) on these two and the discrepancy in these effects remain inadequate. Here, effects of ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) on skin mucus and gut microbiota of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were investigated, as well as further elements turnover and metabolic variations. After 14 days of exposure, considerable variations in levels of biomarkers (protein, glucose, lysozyme and immunoglobulin M) in skin mucus demonstrated significant stress responses to nZnO. nZnO exposure significantly reduced the abundance of Cetobacterium in the gut while increased that of multiple pathogens, and further leading to down-regulation of pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, translation, and replication and repair. Decreased δ15N values indicated declined N turnover in vivo, further demonstrating the negative effect of nZnO on metabolism in the organism. Integration analysis of each biomarker using the biomarker response index version 2 (IBRv2) revealed concentration-dependent effects of nZnO on skin mucus, while effects on physiology in vivo was not, demonstrating the discrepancy in the toxicity pathways and toxic effects of nZnO on different tissues. This work improved our understanding about the comprehensive toxicity of nZnO on aquatic organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hailing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zixuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fuxun Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Wang Q, Li X, Zhou X. Improving the qualities of the trophic magnification factors (TMFs): A case study based on scaled Δ 15N trophic position framework and separate baseline species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160095. [PMID: 36372174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Scientific understanding of trophic magnification factors (TMFs) is conducive to formulating environmental management measures. Trophic position (TP) of species is the key parameter in TMFs assessment. Nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) provide a powerful tool to estimate TP. However, some limitations could introduce considerable uncertainty into TP and TMFs assessment which mainly includes: 1) determination of Δ15N between two adjacent trophic positions; 2) determination of baseline species. Different from the widely used constant Δ15N (3.4 ‰) between two adjacent trophic positions, which is called additive Δ15N framework, Δ15N gradually decreases as trophic position increases under scaled Δ15N framework, which has been confirmed by more and more laboratory studies and meta-analyses. In this study, we sampled in two similar littoral ecosystems separated by one natural dam, which is called Small Xingkai Lake and Xingkai Lake, analyzed the δ15N and total mercury (THg) of each species. On the one hand, we compared the TP of species under the additive Δ15N framework and scaled Δ15N framework with the White shrimp (Exopalaemon modestus) as baseline species in two lakes respectively. On the other hand, we explored the possible changes in TMFs based on TP. Our results show, under the scaled Δ15N framework, the trophic position of the same species is higher, while TMFs is lower compared with the additive Δ15N framework; even if in the two interconnected lakes, distributed the same baseline species, in the similar ecosystem, separate baselines should also be used. In this study, two frameworks of the food chain were compared in two interconnected freshwater ecosystems for the first time. The difference between TMFs of two lakes was obvious under scaled framework but not under additive framework. We also recommend that future TMFs assessments should be based on the scaled Δ15N framework because it has improved the accuracy of trophic position assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province 130102, China
| | - Xingchun Li
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Xuehong Zhou
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China.
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Toxicity and Starvation Induce Major Trophic Isotope Variation in Daphnia Individuals: A Diet Switch Experiment Using Eight Phytoplankton Species of Differing Nutritional Quality. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121816. [PMID: 36552325 PMCID: PMC9775432 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stable isotope values can express resource usage by organisms, but their precise interpretation is predicated using a controlled experiment-based validation process. Here, we develop a stable isotope tracking approach towards exploring resource shifts in a key primary consumer species Daphnia magna. We used a diet switch experiment and model fitting to quantify the stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope turnover rates and discrimination factors for eight dietary sources of the plankton species that differ in their cellular organization (unicellular or filamentous), pigment and nutrient compositions (sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids), and secondary metabolite production rates. We also conduct a starvation experiment. We evaluate nine tissue turnover models using Akaike's information criterion and estimate the repetitive trophic discrimination factors. Using the parameter estimates, we calculate the hourly stable isotope turnover rates. We report an exceedingly faster turnover value following dietary switching (72 to 96 h) and a measurable variation in trophic discrimination factors. The results show that toxic stress and the dietary quantity and quality induce trophic isotope variation in Daphnia individuals. This study provides insight into the physiological processes that underpin stable isotope patterns. We explicitly test multiple alternative dietary sources and fasting and discuss the parameters that are fundamental for field- and laboratory-based stable isotope studies.
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Ouyang MY, Liu JH, Wen B, Huang JN, Feng XS, Gao JZ, Chen ZZ. Ecological stoichiometric and stable isotopic responses to microplastics are modified by food conditions in koi carp. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124121. [PMID: 33011633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) can be easily taken up by a wide range of aquatic animals and cause blockage of the digestive tract leading to starvation. Meanwhile, aquatic organisms are facing threats posed by food restriction in both wild and cultured environment. Little knowledge, however, exists on how MPs interact with food conditions to affect aquatic animals. Here, koi carp were exposed to polystyrene MPs (0, 100 or 1000 μg/L) under controlled feeding (satiated or starved) for 30 or 60 days. MPs reduced and interacted synergistically with food conditions on growth after 30 days but antagonistically after 60 days. MPs reduced crude lipid and carbohydrate but increased and antagonistically interacted with feeding conditions on crude protein. Food conditions interacted with MPs on C, N and P but stoichiometric responses were decoupled with macromolecules changes. Food conditions antagonistically interacted with MPs on δ13C after 60 days. Linear discriminant analysis revealed that C:P and N:P were the two most important measured parameters accounting for the response of koi towards MPs and food restriction, presenting an antagonistic interaction of MPs and food status with the prolonged exposure duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yan Ouyang
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jun-Heng Liu
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Wen
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jun-Nan Huang
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiao-Sa Feng
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Gao
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zai-Zhong Chen
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Huang JN, Wen B, Meng LJ, Li XX, Wang MH, Gao JZ, Chen ZZ. Integrated response of growth, antioxidant defense and isotopic composition to microplastics in juvenile guppy (Poecilia reticulata). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123044. [PMID: 32521315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution becomes a research hotspot and many studies focus on threats of MPs, but few have integrated multi-level indicators to assess response to MPs of organisms. Here we exposed guppy (Poecilia reticulata) to MPs (polystyrene; 32-40 μm diameter) with two concentrations (100 and 1000 μg/L) for 28 days. We found that higher accumulation of MPs appeared in guppy gill than that in gut. MPs had no obvious effect on guppy growth but significantly inhibited the condition factor. Oxidative stress presented in guppy viscera with activated antioxidants. The decline of Na+/K+-ATP activity in guppy indicated that MPs might interfere with the osmotic balance of gills. MPs reduced body molar ratio of C:N and δ13C value, but no apparent impact on δ15N. It implied that MPs probably altered elemental transition. Eventually, through integrated biomarkers response index (IBR) of guppy, we found that catalase activity was the highest index in response to MPs, and the response of growth performance to MPs was lower than that of oxidative stress and element alteration. Risks of MPs aggravated in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggested that multi-level IBR approach should be adopted to quantify effects of MPs on aquatic organisms, especially on fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Nan Huang
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Wen
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Liu-Jiang Meng
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mei-Hui Wang
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Gao
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zai-Zhong Chen
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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10
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Ledesma M, Gorokhova E, Holmstrand H, Garbaras A, Karlson AML. Nitrogen isotope composition of amino acids reveals trophic partitioning in two sympatric amphipods. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10773-10784. [PMID: 33072295 PMCID: PMC7548185 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
According to ecological theory, two species cannot occupy the same niche. Using nitrogen isotope analyses (δ15N) of amino acids, we tested the extent to which two sympatric deposit‐feeding amphipods, Monoporeia affinis and Pontoporeia femorata, partition their trophic resources. We found that trophic position (TP) and resynthesis index (∑V; a proxy for degradation status of ingested material prior to assimilation by the consumer) differ between species. The surface‐feeding M. affinis had higher TP and intermediate ∑V, both pointing to a large contribution of metazoans in its diet. P. femorata, which feeds in the subsurface layers, had lower TP and a bimodal distribution of the ∑V values, supporting previous experimental evidence of a larger feeding niche. We also evaluated whether TP and ∑V values have consequences for amphipod fecundity and embryo viability and found that embryo viability in M. affinis was negatively linked to TP. Our results indicate that the amino acid‐δ15N data paired with information about reproductive status are useful for detecting differences in the trophic ecology of sympatric amphipods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ledesma
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant Science (DEEP)Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES)Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Henry Holmstrand
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES)Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryCentre for Physical Science and TechnologyLithuania
| | - Agnes M. L. Karlson
- Department of EcologyEnvironment and Plant Science (DEEP)Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Stockholm University Baltic Sea CentreStockholmSweden
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11
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Zhang C, De Meester L, Stoks R. Effects of thermal evolution on the stoichiometric responses to nano-ZnO under warming are not general: insights from experimental evolution. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:175-184. [PMID: 31940103 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge for ecological risk assessment of contaminants under global warming is to predict effects at higher levels of biological organisation. One approach to reach this goal is to study how contaminants and warming cause changes in body stoichiometry as these may potentially cascade through food webs. Furthermore, though contaminants typically interact with warming, how rapid adaptation to higher temperatures affects these interactions is poorly studied. Here, we examined the effects of an important contaminant (ZnO nanoparticles, nZnO) and mild warming (4 °C) on body stoichiometry (C, N, P and their ratios) of an aquatic keystone species, the water flea Daphnia magna. To evaluate whether thermal evolution impacts the effects of nZnO at higher temperatures, we compared two sets of clones from a thermal selection experiment where Daphnia were kept in outdoor mesocosms at ambient or ambient +4 °C temperatures for 2 years. Exposure to nZnO decreased key body stoichiometric ratios (C:N, C:P and a trend for N:P) while warming increased the body C:N ratio. The stoichiometric changes to nZnO and warming were mostly independent and could be partly explained by changes in the macromolecules sugars and fat. Exposure to nZnO decreased C-rich sugars contributing to a reduced %C. Warming reduced body %C due to decreased C-rich sugars and fat levels, yet warming decreased body N% even more resulting in a higher C:N ratio. The stoichiometric responses to nZnO at the higher temperature did not differ between the two sets of clones, indicating experimental thermal evolution did not change the effects of nZnO under warming. Studying the stoichiometric responses to nZnO and warming of this keystone species may provide novel insights on the toxic effects of contaminants under warming. Moreover, understanding the influence of thermal evolution on the toxicity of contaminants is important for ecological risk assessment especially in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Environmental Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
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12
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Van Dievel M, Janssens L, Stoks R. Effects of pesticide exposure and predation risk on nutrient cycling and primary production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135880. [PMID: 31972928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how pesticides and natural stressors shape ecosystem functions remains a major challenge. A largely overlooked way how stressors may affect nutrient cycling and primary production is through effects on body stoichiometry and the egestion of elements. We investigated how exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos and to predation risk, an abundant natural stressor in aquatic systems, altered the stoichiometry of the bodies and the egested faecal pellets of Enallagma cyathigerum damselfly larvae and how this further cascaded into effects on primary production (algae growth). Chlorpyrifos exposure reduced egestion rates while predation risk had no effect. Chlorpyrifos exposure and predation risk affected both elemental composition of bodies and faecal pellets, and this in an additive way. Chlorpyrifos exposure increased body C(carbon), N(nitrogen), and P(phosphorous) contents, and increased the C content of the faecal pellets. Predation risk induced an increase of the N content, resulting in a decreased C:N ratio, of both the bodies and faecal pellets. The changes in the composition of the faecal pellets caused by predation risk but not by chlorpyrifos exposure increased algae growth under control conditions. This indicated that algae growth was N limited. Our results provide an important proof-of-principle how a stressor may shape nutrient cycling and subsequently primary productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Van Dievel
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lizanne Janssens
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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13
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Kingsbury KM, Gillanders BM, Booth DJ, Nagelkerken I. Trophic niche segregation allows range-extending coral reef fishes to co-exist with temperate species under climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:721-733. [PMID: 31846164 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Changing climate is forcing many terrestrial and marine species to extend their ranges poleward to stay within the bounds of their thermal tolerances. However, when such species enter higher latitude ecosystems, they engage in novel interactions with local species, such as altered predator-prey dynamics and competition for food. Here, we evaluate the trophic overlap between range-extending and local fish species along the east coast of temperate Australia, a hotspot for ocean warming and species range extensions. Stable isotope ratios (δ15 N and δ13 C) of muscle tissue and stomach content analysis were used to quantify overlap of trophic niche space between vagrant tropical and local temperate fish communities along a 730 km (6°) latitudinal gradient. Our study shows that in recipient temperate ecosystems, sympatric tropical and temperate species do not overlap significantly in their diet-even though they forage on broadly similar prey groups-and are therefore unlikely to compete for trophic niche space. The tropical and temperate species we studied, which are commonly found in shallow-water coastal environments, exhibited moderately broad niche breadths and local-scale dietary plasticity, indicating trophic generalism. We posit that because these species are generalists, they can co-exist under current climate change, facilitating the existence of novel community structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Kingsbury
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bronwyn M Gillanders
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David J Booth
- Fish Ecology Lab, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Ivan Nagelkerken
- Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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14
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Xiang Q, Zhu D, Chen QL, O'Connor P, Yang XR, Qiao M, Zhu YG. Adsorbed Sulfamethoxazole Exacerbates the Effects of Polystyrene (∼2 μm) on Gut Microbiota and the Antibiotic Resistome of a Soil Collembolan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:12823-12834. [PMID: 31593455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollution in the environment is now receiving worldwide attention; however, the effects of copollution of antibiotics and microplastics on the gut microbiome of globally distributed and functionally important nontarget soil animals remain poorly understood. We studied a model collembolan (Folsomia candida) and found that the ingestion of microplastics (polystyrene, 2-2.9 μm) substantially altered the gut microbiome, antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profile, and the isotopic fractionation in the soil collembolan tissue. Importantly, collembolans exposed to polystyrene microplastics loaded with sulfamethoxazole (MA) presented a distinctive gut microbiome, ARG profile, and isotopic fractionation compared to those exposed to polystyrene alone (MH). We observed that the abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the MA-treated collembolan guts was significantly higher than in the MH and the control treatments. There were also strong interactions between the gut microbiome and ARGs in the collembolan guts. We further found that bacterial β-diversity correlated significantly with the δ13C and δ15N values in collembolan body tissues. Together, our results indicate that changes in isotopic fractionation and ARG profiles in the collembolan were induced by the changes in gut microbiota and suggest that microplastics from diverse sources may have profound influences on soil fauna and soil food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100085 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing , 100049 , China
| | - Dong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100085 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing , 100049 , China
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health , Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1799 Jimei Road , Xiamen , 361021 , China
| | - Qing-Lin Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health , Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1799 Jimei Road , Xiamen , 361021 , China
| | - Patrick O'Connor
- Centre for Global Food and Resources , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health , Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1799 Jimei Road , Xiamen , 361021 , China
| | - Min Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100085 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing , 100049 , China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100085 , China
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health , Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1799 Jimei Road , Xiamen , 361021 , China
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15
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Ek C, Garbaras A, Yu Z, Oskarsson H, Wiklund AKE, Kumblad L, Gorokhova E. Increase in stable isotope ratios driven by metabolic alterations in amphipods exposed to the beta-blocker propranolol. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211304. [PMID: 31095563 PMCID: PMC6522046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic pressures, such as contaminant exposure, may affect stable isotope ratios in biota. These changes are driven by alterations in the nutrient allocation and metabolic pathways induced by specific stressors. In a controlled microcosm study with the amphipod Gammarus spp., we studied effects of the β-blocker propranolol on stable isotope signatures (δ15N and δ13C), elemental composition (%C and %N), and growth (protein content and body size) as well as biomarkers of oxidative status (antioxidant capacity, ORAC; lipid peroxidation, TBARS) and neurological activity (acetylcholinesterase, AChE). Based on the known effects of propranolol exposure on cellular functions, i.e., its mode of action (MOA), we expected to observe a lower scope for growth, accompanied by a decrease in protein deposition, oxidative processes and AChE inhibition, with a resulting increase in the isotopic signatures. The observed responses in growth, biochemical and elemental variables supported most of these predictions. In particular, an increase in %N was observed in the propranolol exposures, whereas both protein allocation and body size declined. Moreover, both ORAC and TBARS levels decreased with increasing propranolol concentration, with the decrease being more pronounced for TBARS, which indicates the prevalence of the antioxidative processes. These changes resulted in a significant increase of the δ15N and δ13C values in the propranolol-exposed animals compared to the control. These findings suggest that MOA of β-blockers may be used to predict sublethal effects in non-target species, including inhibited AChE activity, improved oxidative balance, and elevated stable isotope ratios. The latter also indicates that metabolism-driven responses to environmental contaminants can alter stable isotope signatures, which should be taken into account when interpreting trophic interactions in the food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ek
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center for Physical Science and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hanna Oskarsson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Kumblad
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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16
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Zubrod JP, Bundschuh M, Arts G, Brühl CA, Imfeld G, Knäbel A, Payraudeau S, Rasmussen JJ, Rohr J, Scharmüller A, Smalling K, Stehle S, Schulz R, Schäfer RB. Fungicides: An Overlooked Pesticide Class? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:3347-3365. [PMID: 30835448 PMCID: PMC6536136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are indispensable to global food security and their use is forecasted to intensify. Fungicides can reach aquatic ecosystems and occur in surface water bodies in agricultural catchments throughout the entire growing season due to their frequent, prophylactic application. However, in comparison to herbicides and insecticides, the exposure to and effects of fungicides have received less attention. We provide an overview of the risk of fungicides to aquatic ecosystems covering fungicide exposure (i.e., environmental fate, exposure modeling, and mitigation measures) as well as direct and indirect effects of fungicides on microorganisms, macrophytes, invertebrates, and vertebrates. We show that fungicides occur widely in aquatic systems, that the accuracy of predicted environmental concentrations is debatable, and that fungicide exposure can be effectively mitigated. We additionally demonstrate that fungicides can be highly toxic to a broad range of organisms and can pose a risk to aquatic biota. Finally, we outline central research gaps that currently challenge our ability to predict fungicide exposure and effects, promising research avenues, and shortcomings of the current environmental risk assessment for fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen P. Zubrod
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal
Ecosystem Research Station, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße
13, D-76857 Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Department
of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, SWE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gertie Arts
- Wageningen
Environmental Research, Wageningen University
and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten A. Brühl
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Gwenaël Imfeld
- Laboratoire
d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg (LHyGeS), Université de Strasbourg/ENGEES, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Anja Knäbel
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Sylvain Payraudeau
- Laboratoire
d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg (LHyGeS), Université de Strasbourg/ENGEES, CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jes J. Rasmussen
- Aarhus
University, Dept. of Bioscience, Vejlsoevej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Jason Rohr
- University
of South Florida, Department of Integrative
Biology, Tampa, Florida, United States
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Environmental Change Initiative, and Eck Institute
for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United
States
| | - Andreas Scharmüller
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Kelly Smalling
- U.S.
Geological Survey, New Jersey Water Science
Center, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, United States
| | - Sebastian Stehle
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal
Ecosystem Research Station, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße
13, D-76857 Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
- Eußerthal
Ecosystem Research Station, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Birkenthalstraße
13, D-76857 Eußerthal, Germany
| | - Ralf B. Schäfer
- Institute
for Environmental Sciences, University of
Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße
7, D-76829 Landau, Germany
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17
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Zhang C, Jansen M, Smolders E, De Meester L, Stoks R. Stoichiometric responses to nano ZnO under warming are modified by thermal evolution in Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 202:90-96. [PMID: 30007158 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Effects of stressors on body stoichiometry are important as these may cascade through food webs. Contamination and global warming are two key anthropogenic stressors, yet their effects on body stoichiometry have been rarely tested. Further, while thermal evolution may increase the ability to deal with warming, it is unknown how thermal evolution modifies the effect of contaminants under warming. Using resurrection ecology, we studied two Daphnia magna subpopulations (old/recent) of which the recent subpopulation evolved a higher heat tolerance. We exposed both subpopulations to a sublethal concentration of nano zinc oxide (nZnO) and 4 °C warming and quantified their effects on body stoichiometry: carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents and their ratios (C:N, C:P, N:P). In the old subpopulation, nZnO only marginally decreased the C content and had no effect on N and P contents and their ratios. In contrast, in the recent subpopulation nZnO strongly increased the body P content (+51%) and reduced the C:P (-34%) and N:P (-34%) ratios at 24 °C but not at 20 °C. Moreover, these stoichiometric changes were not explained by changes of corresponding macromolecules as assumed by theory. Our results indicate that the stoichiometric responses to nZnO in Daphnia are temperature-dependent and modified by rapid evolution. The observed changes in body stoichiometry may affect the food quality of this important prey and have the potential to cascade through food webs and shape nutrients cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mieke Jansen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, KU Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Ek C, Holmstrand H, Mustajärvi L, Garbaras A, Barisevičiu Te RT, Šapolaitė J, Sobek A, Gorokhova E, Karlson AML. Using Compound-Specific and Bulk Stable Isotope Analysis for Trophic Positioning of Bivalves in Contaminated Baltic Sea Sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:4861-4868. [PMID: 29565572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stable nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) are used as indicators of trophic position (TP) of consumers. Deriving TP from δ15N of individual amino acids (AAs) is becoming popular in ecological studies, because of lower uncertainty than TP based on bulk δ15N (TPbulk). This method would also facilitate biomagnification studies provided that isotope fractionation is unaffected by toxic exposure. We compared TPAA and TPbulk estimates for a sediment-dwelling bivalve from two coastal sites, a pristine and a contaminated. Chemical analysis of PCB levels in mussels, sediments, and pore water confirmed the expected difference between sites. Both methods, but in particular the TPAA underestimated the actual TP of bivalves. Using error propagation, the total uncertainty related to the analytical precision and assumptions in the TP calculations was found to be similar between the two methods. Interestingly, the significantly higher intercept for the regression between TPAA and TPbulk in the contaminated site compared to the pristine site indicates a higher deamination rate due to detoxification as a result of chronic exposure and a higher 15N fractionation. Hence, there is a need for controlled experiments on assumptions underlying amino acid-specific stable isotope methods in food web and bimagnification studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ek
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8 , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Henry Holmstrand
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8 , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Lukas Mustajärvi
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8 , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory , Center for Physical Science and Technology , Savanoriu 231 , LT-02300 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Ru Ta Barisevičiu Te
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory , Center for Physical Science and Technology , Savanoriu 231 , LT-02300 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Justina Šapolaitė
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory , Center for Physical Science and Technology , Savanoriu 231 , LT-02300 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8 , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8 , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Agnes M L Karlson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8 , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 20 , SE-114 18 Stockholm , Sweden
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19
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Karlson AML, Reutgard M, Garbaras A, Gorokhova E. Isotopic niche reflects stress-induced variability in physiological status. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171398. [PMID: 29515859 PMCID: PMC5830748 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The isotopic niche has become an established concept in trophic ecology. However, the assumptions behind this approach have rarely been evaluated. Evidence is accumulating that physiological stress can affect both magnitude and inter-individual variability of the isotopic signature in consumers via alterations in metabolic pathways. We hypothesized that stress factors (inadequate nutrition, parasite infestations, and exposure to toxic substances or varying oxygen conditions) might lead to suboptimal physiological performance and altered stable isotope signatures. The latter can be misinterpreted as alterations in isotopic niche. This hypothesis was tested by inducing physiological stress in the deposit-feeding amphipod Monoporeia affinis exposed to either different feeding regimes or contaminated sediments. In the amphipods, we measured body condition indices or reproductive output to assess growth status and δ13C and δ15N values to derive isotope niche metrics. As hypothesized, greater isotopic niche estimates were derived for the stressed animals compared to the control groups. Moreover, the δ15N values were influenced by body size, reproductive status and parasite infestations, while δ13C values were influenced by body size, oxygen conditions and survival. Using regression analysis with isotope composition and growth variables as predictors, we were able to discriminate between the amphipods exposed to nutritionally or chemically stressful conditions and those in the control groups. Thus, interpretation of isotopic niche can be confounded by natural or anthropogenic stressors that may induce an apparent change in isotopic niche. These findings stress the importance of including measures of growth and health status when evaluating stable isotope data in food web studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes M. L. Karlson
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Reutgard
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Centre for Physical Science and Technology, Savanoriu 231, 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Gorokhova E. Individual growth as a non‐dietary determinant of the isotopic niche metrics. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical ChemistryStockholm University Stockholm Sweden
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Gorokhova E. Shifts in rotifer life history in response to stable isotope enrichment: testing theories of isotope effects on organismal growth. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:160810. [PMID: 28405367 PMCID: PMC5383824 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In ecology, stable isotope labelling is commonly used for tracing material transfer in trophic interactions, nutrient budgets and biogeochemical processes. The main assumption in this approach is that the enrichment with a heavy isotope has no effect on the organism growth and metabolism. This assumption is, however, challenged by theoretical considerations and experimental studies on kinetic isotope effects in vivo. Here, I demonstrate profound changes in life histories of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis fed 15N-enriched algae (0.4-5.0 at%); i.e. at the enrichment levels commonly used in ecological studies. These findings support theoretically predicted effects of heavy isotope enrichment on growth, metabolism and ageing in biological systems and underline the importance of accounting for such effects when using stable isotope labelling in experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, 10691 Stockholm , Sweden
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22
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Janssens L, Op de Beeck L, Stoks R. Stoichiometric Responses to an Agricultural Pesticide Are Modified by Predator Cues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:581-588. [PMID: 27936640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Current ecological risk assessment of pesticides fails to protect aquatic ecosystem health. To get better insight in how pesticides may affect aquatic ecosystems, we tested how sublethal pesticide concentrations modify body stoichiometry. Moreover, as interactions with natural stressors may cause underestimates of the impact of pesticides, we also tested whether this pathway depended on the presence of predator cues. Therefore, we exposed damselfly larvae to chlorpyrifos and cues from predatory dragonflies and focused on body stoichiometry and associated explanatory variables (growth rate, RNA:DNA, and energy storage molecules). The way the predator cues modulated the pesticide effects strongly differed between endpoints. Exposure to chlorpyrifos affected the key body stoichiometric ratios: chlorpyrifos consistently increased N:P, while its effects on C:N (decrease with predator cues) and C:P (increase without predator cues) strongly depended upon the presence of the natural stressor. These stoichiometric responses could be explained by associated changes in growth, RNA:DNA, and in C-rich fat and sugars and N-rich proteins. The observed changes in body stoichiometry may affect the damselflies' food quality and have the potential to cascade through the food web and shape nutrient cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizanne Janssens
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven , Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lin Op de Beeck
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven , Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven , Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Zhu D, Ke X, Wu L, Li Z, Christie P, Luo Y. Ecotoxicity of cadmium in a soil collembolan-predatory mite food chain: Can we use the 15N labeled litter addition method to assess soil functional change? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:37-46. [PMID: 27661726 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Effects of cadmium (Cd) on predator-prey relationships and soil ecological function are poorly understood and there are few methods available to measure soil functional change. Thus, we structured a soil-dwelling food chain containing the predatory mite Hypoaspis aculeifer and its collembolan prey Folsomia candida to study the effects of Cd exposure for eight weeks in a spiked soil aged for five years. The 15N labeled litter was added as food to analyze the change in nitrogen (N) transfer content. H. aculeifer reproduction and growth and the survival and reproduction of F. candida were all negatively affected by Cd exposure, and H. aculeifer reproduction was the most sensitive parameter. The sensitivity responses of F. candida and H. aculeifer were different from those using the previous single species test. The results suggest that predator-prey interactions might influence the toxicity of Cd by predation and food restriction. Cadmium lethal body concentrations of adults and juveniles of F. candida and H. aculeifer juveniles were 500-600, 180-270 and 8-10 μg g-1, respectively. The content of N transfer from litter to animals in the food chain decreased significantly with increasing soil Cd concentration between 100 and 400 mg kg-1. The results suggest that the 15N labeled litter addition method is potentially useful for quantitative assessment of soil functional change for further risk assessment purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Ke
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Peter Christie
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
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Boersma M, Mathew KA, Niehoff B, Schoo KL, Franco-Santos RM, Meunier CL. Temperature-driven changes in the diet preference of omnivorous copepods: no more meat when it's hot? A response to Winder et al. Ecol Lett 2016; 19:1386-1388. [PMID: 27611847 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The study of environmental impact on feeding preferences of omnivores is a rapidly growing field. Here, we show that the criticism put forward in a comment on our original study is largely unfounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Boersma
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany. .,FB2, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - K Avarachen Mathew
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Barbara Niehoff
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Katherina L Schoo
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Rita M Franco-Santos
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Cédric L Meunier
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany
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Ek C, Gerdes Z, Garbaras A, Adolfsson-Erici M, Gorokhova E. Growth Retardation and Altered Isotope Composition As Delayed Effects of PCB Exposure in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8296-8304. [PMID: 27367056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trophic magnification factor (TMF) analysis employs stable isotope signatures to derive biomagnification potential for environmental contaminants. This approach relies on species δ(15)N values aligning with their trophic position (TP). This, however, may not always be true, because toxic exposure can alter growth and isotope allocation patterns. Here, effects of PCB exposure (mixture of PCB18, PCB40, PCB128, and PCB209) on δ(15)N and δ(13)C as well as processes driving these effects were explored using the cladoceran Daphnia magna. A two-part experiment assessed effects of toxic exposure during and after exposure; juvenile daphnids were exposed during 3 days (accumulation phase) and then allowed to depurate for 4 days (depuration phase). No effects on survival, growth, carbon and nitrogen content, and stable isotope composition were observed after the accumulation phase, whereas significant changes were detected in adults after the depuration phase. In particular, a significantly lower nitrogen content and a growth inhibition were observed, with a concomitant increase in δ(15)N (+0.1 ‰) and decrease in δ(13)C (-0.1 ‰). Although of low magnitude, these changes followed the predicted direction indicating that sublethal effects of contaminant exposure can lead to overestimation of TP and hence underestimated TMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ek
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zandra Gerdes
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center for Physical Science and Technology , Savanoriu 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Margaretha Adolfsson-Erici
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University , Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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