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Schubert U, Stöger B. Structural Chemistry of Titanium (IV) Oxo Clusters, Part 2: Clusters without Carboxylate or Phosphonate Ligands. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400744. [PMID: 38629948 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Homometallic titanium oxo clusters (TOC) are one of the most important groups of metal oxo clusters. In a previous article, TOC structures with carboxylato and phosphonato ligands were reviewed and categorized. This work is now extended to clusters with other ligands. Comparison of the different cluster types shows how the interplay between condensation of the titanium polyhedra by means of bridging oxygen atoms and the coordination characteristics of the ligands influences the cluster structures and allows working out basic construction principles of the cluster core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Schubert
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universiät Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center, Technische Universiät Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Wien, Austria
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2
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Hou J, Huang C, Liu Y, Fei P, Zhang D, Qu K, Zi W, Huang X. Phenanthroline-Mediated Photoelectrical Enhancement in Calix[4]arene-Functionalized Titanium-Oxo Clusters. Molecules 2024; 29:2566. [PMID: 38893442 PMCID: PMC11173645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Incorporating two organic ligands with different functionalities into a titanium-oxo cluster entity simultaneously can endow the material with their respective properties and provide synergistic performance enhancement, which is of great significance for enriching the structure and properties of titanium-oxo clusters (TOCs). However, the synthesis of such TOCs is highly challenging. In this work, we successfully synthesized a TBC4A-functionalized TOC, [Ti2(TBC4A)2(MeO)2] (Ti2; MeOH = methanol, TBC4A = tert-butylcalix[4]arene). By adjusting the solvent system, we successfully introduced 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) and prepared TBC4A and Phen co-protected [Ti2(TBC4A)2(Phen)2] (Ti2-Phen). Moreover, when Phen was replaced with bulky 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), [Ti2(TBC4A)2(Bphen)2] (Ti2-Bphen), which is isostructural with Ti2-Phen, was obtained, demonstrating the generality of the synthetic method. Remarkably, Ti2-Phen demonstrates good stability and stronger light absorption, as well as superior photoelectric performance compared to Ti2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that there exists ligand-to-core charge transfer (LCCT) in Ti2, while an unusual ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT) is present in Ti2-Phen, accompanied by partial LCCT. Therefore, the superior light absorption and photoelectric properties of Ti2-Phen are attributed to the existence of the unusual LLCT phenomenon. This study not only deeply explores the influence of Phen on the performance of the material but also provides a reference for the preparation of materials with excellent photoelectric performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinle Hou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.H.); (Y.L.); (P.F.); (D.Z.); (K.Q.); (W.Z.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xianqiang Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.H.); (Y.L.); (P.F.); (D.Z.); (K.Q.); (W.Z.)
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3
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Kubiak B, Muzioł T, Wrzeszcz G, Radtke A, Golińska P, Jędrzejewski T, Wrotek S, Piszczek P. Structural Characterization and Bioactivity of a Titanium(IV)-Oxo Complex Stabilized by Mandelate Ligands. Molecules 2024; 29:1736. [PMID: 38675556 PMCID: PMC11052117 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on titanium-oxo complexes (TOCs) is usually focused on their structure and photocatalytic properties. Findings from these investigations further sparked our interest in exploring their potential biological activities. In this study, we focused on the synthesis and structure of a compound with the general formula [Ti8O2(OiPr)20(man)4] (1), which was isolated from the reaction mixture of titanium(IV) isopropoxide with mandelic acid (Hman) in a molar ratio of 4:1. The structure (1) was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, while spectroscopic studies provided insights into its physicochemical properties. To assess the potential practical applications of (1), its microcrystals were incorporated into a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix, yielding composite materials of the type PMMA + (1) (2 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, and 20 wt.%). The next stage of our research involved the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the obtained materials. The investigations performed demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of pure (1) and its composites (PMMA + (1)) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Furthermore, MTT tests conducted on the L929 murine fibroblast cell line confirmed the lack of cytotoxicity of these composites. Our study identified (1) as a promising antimicrobial agent, which is also may be use for producing composite coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kubiak
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Tadeusz Muzioł
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Grzegorz Wrzeszcz
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Patrycja Golińska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Sylwia Wrotek
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (T.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.)
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Hou J, Huang N, Acharya D, Liu Y, Zhu J, Teng J, Wang Z, Qu K, Zhang X, Sun D. All-catecholate-stabilized black titanium-oxo clusters for efficient photothermal conversion. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2655-2664. [PMID: 38362423 PMCID: PMC10866351 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The controlled synthesis of titanium-oxo clusters (TOCs) completely stabilized by organic dye ligands with high stability and superior light absorption remains a significant challenge. In this study, we report the syntheses of three atomically precise catechol (Cat)-functionalized TOCs, [Ti2(Cat)2(OEgO)2(OEgOH)2] (Ti2), [Ti8O5(Cat)9(iPrO)4(iPrOH)2] (Ti8), and [Ti16O8(OH)8(Cat)20]·H2O·PhMe (Ti16), using a solvent-induced strategy (HOEgOH = ethylene glycol; iPrOH = isopropanol; PhMe = toluene). Interestingly, the TiO core of Ti16 is almost entirely enveloped by catechol ligands, making it the first all-catechol-protected high-nuclearity TOC. In contrast, Ti2 and Ti8 have four weakly coordinated ethylene glycol ligands and six weakly coordinated iPrOH ligands, respectively, in addition to the catechol ligands. Ti16 is visually evident in its distinctively black appearance, which belongs to black TOCs (B-TOCs) and exhibits an ultralow optical band gap. Furthermore, Ti16 displays exceptional stability in various media/environments, including exposure to air, solvents, and both acidic and alkaline aqueous solutions due to its comprehensive protection by catechol ligands and rich intra-cluster supramolecular interactions. Ti16 has superior photoelectric response qualities and photothermal conversion capabilities compared to Ti2 and Ti8 due to its ultralow optical band gap and remarkable stability. This discovery not only represents a huge step forward in the creation of all-catecholate-protected B-TOCs with ultralow optical band gaps and outstanding stability, but it also gives key valuable mechanistic insights into their photothermal/electric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinle Hou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Nahui Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Dinesh Acharya
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Teng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Konggang Qu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxi Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
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Youzhu Y, Hui W, Leilei L, Yuhua G, Jing F, Yichao L. Crystal structure of bis(μ 2-2-oxido-2-phenylacetato-κ 3
O,O′:O′)-bis( N-oxido-benzamide-κ 2
O,O′)-bis(propan-2-olato-κ 1
O)dititanium(IV), C 36H 38N 2O 12Ti 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C36H38N2O12Ti2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.3151(7) Å, b = 15.8747(11) Å, c = 11.5020(8) Å, β = 98.471(3)°, V = 1862.9(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0386, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1075, T = 296(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Youzhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Anyang Institute of Technology , Anyang 455000 , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Wang Hui
- School of Chemistry and Material Science , Shanxi Normal University , Taiyuan 060006 , Shanxi , P. R. China
| | - Li Leilei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaoocheng 252059 , Shandong , P. R. China
| | - Guo Yuhua
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Anyang Institute of Technology , Anyang 455000 , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Feng Jing
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Anyang Institute of Technology , Anyang 455000 , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Li Yichao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Anyang Institute of Technology , Anyang 455000 , Henan , P. R. China
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Guo YH, Yu YZ, Shen YH, Yang LG, Liu NN, Zhou ZY, Niu YS. "Three-in-One" Structural-Building-Mode-Based Ti 16-Type Titanium Oxo Cluster Entirely Protected by the Ligands Benzoate and Salicylhydroxamate. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:8685-8693. [PMID: 35639458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Titanium oxo clusters (TOCs) with accurate molecular structures have potential applications in photocatalysis, such as photocatalytic degradation, hydrogen production, and water oxidation. The hydrolytic stability and light absorption ability of TOCs have important impacts on photocatalysis, where the selection of peripheral organic ligands plays a significant role. In this regard, salicylhydroxamic acid (abbreviated as H3L) attracts our attention, acting as a ligand for its multidentate and dye-functional features, which can increase the hydrolytic stability and broaden light absorption for TOCs. Herein, two TOCs were solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized using H3L, formulated as [Ti8(μ2-O)2(μ3-O)2(OiPr)12(L)4]·2CH3CN (1) and [Ti16(μ2-O)10(μ3-O)4(PhCOO)14(L)6(HL)2]·4CH3CN·2iPrOH (2). Complex 2 was obtained by adding excessive benzoic acid over the reaction system of 1, resulting in enhanced hydrolytic stability via the replacement of all alkoxy ligands by multidentate ligands for protection. Interestingly, for the first time, the "three-in-one" structural building mode with {Ti6} + {Ti4} + {Ti6} by the common subunits in 2 was observed among all reported TOCs. Moreover, complex 2 can strongly absorb visible light reaching up to 700 nm and exhibit obvious activity for the photodegradation of methyl orange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - You-Zhu Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Li-Guo Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Na-Na Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Sheng Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Subcritical High-Efficiency Extraction, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
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7
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Wang C, Wang S, Kong F, Chen N. Ferrocene-Sensitized Titanium-Oxo Clusters with Effective Visible Light Absorption and Excellent Photoelectrochemical Activity. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01410b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sensitized Ti-oxo clusters have attracted growing attention as analogous molecular mode compounds of dye-sensitized titanium dioxide solar cells. However, reports on the introduction of metal complexes as photosensitizers into Ti-oxo...
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8
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Wang C, Chen N, Kong F, Wang S. A family of oxime-based titanium-oxo clusters: synthesis, structures, and photoelectric responses. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00195k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A family of oxime-based titanium-oxo clusters was successfully synthesized, and their photoelectrochemical performances were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Fangong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Shoujuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
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Synthesis of lanthanide-doped titanium-oxo clusters for efficient photocurrent responses. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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A Three-Component Hybrid Templated by Asymmetric Viologen Exhibiting Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation on Dye Pollutant in Maritime Accident Seawater. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11050640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing dangerous chemical pollutants led by shipping accidents call for the new pollutant treatment strategy. In this work, a new three-component hybrid {[(BiI6)I13]·2I3·(H-BPA)4}n (1) can be used in dye degradation in seawater. The highly interesting feature of 1 lies in its unique 1-D Z-shape [(BiI6)I13]n6− infinite chain constructed from the I···I contacts between mono-nuclear (BiI6)3− anions and I133− polyiodide anions. Finally, the hydrogen bonds between [(BiI6)I13]n6− polyanions and H-BPA2+ cations contribute to the formation a quasi-3-D network. Specifically, 1 exhibits the wide absorption zone from ultraviolet to visible regions and high charge-separation efficiency, hinting its application in visible-light catalysis. As expected, 1 represents photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B in seawater with degradation ratio of 90%, and the photocatalytic performance is stable. This work might provide new photocatalytic material for pollutant treatment in shipping accidents.
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Wang C, Lu YJ, Rao MY, Chen N, Wang SJ, Kong FG. Co-crystal of Ti 4Ni 2 and Ti 8Ni 4 clusters with enhanced photochemical properties. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00369k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A heterometallic cluster with co-crystal arrangement, {Ti8Ni4+ Ti4Ni2}, which exhibits enhanced photocurrent response and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity, has been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yong Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Ming Yang Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Ning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Shou Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Fan Gong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking
- Qilu University of Technology
- Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
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