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Ye C, Li M, Gao J, Zuo Y, Xiao F, Jiang X, Cheng J, Huang L, Xu Z, Lian J. Metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris for overproduction of cis-trans nepetalactol. Metab Eng 2024; 84:83-94. [PMID: 38897449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) are a group of plant-derived natural products with high-value medicinal properties. However, their availability for clinical application is limited due to challenges in plant extraction. Microbial production has emerged as a promising strategy to meet the clinical demands for MIAs. The biosynthetic pathway of cis-trans nepetalactol, which serves as the universal iridoid scaffold for all MIAs, has been successfully identified and reconstituted. However, bottlenecks and challenges remain to construct a high-yielding platform strain for cis-trans nepetalactol production, which is vital for subsequent MIAs biosynthesis. In the present study, we focused on engineering of Pichia pastoris cell factories to enhance the production of geraniol, 8-hydroxygeraniol, and cis-trans nepetalactol. By targeting the biosynthetic pathway from acetyl-CoA to geraniol in both peroxisomes and cytoplasm, we achieved comparable geraniol titers in both compartments. Through protein engineering, we found that either G8H or CPR truncation increased the production of 8-hydroxygeraniol, with a 47.8-fold and 14.0-fold increase in the peroxisomal and cytosolic pathway strain, respectively. Furthermore, through a combination of dynamical control of ERG20, precursor and cofactor supply engineering, diploid engineering, and dual subcellular compartmentalization engineering, we achieved the highest ever reported production of cis-trans nepetalactol, with a titer of 4429.4 mg/L using fed-batch fermentation in a 5-L bioreactor. We anticipate our systematic metabolic engineering strategies to facilitate the development of P. pastoris cell factories for sustainable production of MIAs and other plant natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mengxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jucan Gao
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yimeng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaojing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jintao Cheng
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhinan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jiazhang Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education & National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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2
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Liu H, Liang S, Zhu M, Shi W, Xu C, Wei W, Zhan R, Ma D. A fused hybrid enzyme of 8-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase (8HGO) from Gardenia jasminoides and iridoid synthase (ISY) from Catharanthus roseus significantly enhances nepetalactol and iridoid production. PLANTA 2024; 259:62. [PMID: 38319463 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The operation of 8HGO-ISY fusion enzymes can increase nepetalactol flux to iridoid biosynthesis, and the Gj8HGO-CrISY expression in Gardenia jasminoides indicates that seco-iridoids and closed-ring iridoids share a nepetalactol pool. Nepetalactol is a common precursor of (seco)iridoids and their derivatives, which are a group of noncanonical monoterpenes. Functional characterization of an 8HGO (8-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase) from Catharanthus roseus, a seco-iridoids producing plant, has been reported; however, the 8HGO from G. jasminoides with plenty of closed-ring iridoids remains uninvestigated. In this work, a Gj8HGO was cloned and biochemically characterized. In addition, the relatively low production of nepetalactol in plants and engineered microbial host is likely to be attributed to the fact that Cr8HGO and CrISY (iridoid synthase) are substrate-promiscuous enzymes catalyzing unexpected substrates to the undesired products. Herein, a bifunctional enzyme consisting of an 8HGO fused to an ISY was designed for the proximity to the substrate and recycling of NADP+ and NADPH cofactor to reduce the undesired intermediate in the synthesis of nepetalactol. Of four fusion enzymes (i.e., Gj8HGO-GjISY, Gj8HGO-GjISY2, Gj8HGO-GjISY4, and Gj8HGO-CrISY), interestingly, only the last one can enable cascade reaction to form cis-trans-nepetalactol. Furthermore, we establish a reliable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system. The expression of Gj8HGO-CrISY in G. jasminoides led to a significant enhancement of nepetalactol production, about 19-fold higher than that in wild-type plants, which further resulted in the twofold to fivefold increase of total iridoids and representative iridoid such as geniposide, indicating that seco-iridoids in C. roseus and closed-ring iridoids in G. jasminoides share a nepetalactol pool. All results suggest that 8HGO and ISY can be manipulated to maximize metabolic flux for nepetalactol and iridoid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuangcheng Liang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meixian Zhu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chong Xu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wuke Wei
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruoting Zhan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dongming Ma
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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3
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Yang H, Song C, Liu C, Wang P. Synthetic Biology Tools for Engineering Aspergillus oryzae. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:34. [PMID: 38248944 PMCID: PMC10817548 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
For more than a thousand years, Aspergillus oryzae has been used in traditional culinary industries, including for food fermentation, brewing, and flavoring. In recent years, A. oryzae has been extensively used in deciphering the pathways of natural product synthesis and value-added compound bioproduction. Moreover, it is increasingly being used in modern biotechnology industries, such as for the production of enzymes and recombinant proteins. The investigation of A. oryzae has been significantly accelerated through the successive application of a diverse array of synthetic biology techniques and methodologies. In this review, the advancements in biological tools for the synthesis of A. oryzae, including DNA assembly technologies, gene expression regulatory elements, and genome editing systems, are discussed. Additionally, the challenges associated with the heterologous expression of A. oryzae are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chaonan Song
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chengwei Liu
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Pengchao Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Wang H, Jiang G, Liang N, Dong T, Shan M, Yao M, Wang Y, Xiao W, Yuan Y. Systematic Engineering to Enhance 8-Hydroxygeraniol Production in Yeast. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4319-4327. [PMID: 36857414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c09028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
8-Hydroxygeraniol, an important component of insect sex pheromones and defensive secretions, can be used as a potential biological insect repellent in agriculture. Microbial production provides sustainable and green means to efficiently gain 8-hydroxygeraniol. The conversion of geraniol to 8-hydroxygeraniol by P450 geraniol-8-hydroxylase (G8H) was regarded as the bottleneck for 8-hydroxygeraniol production. Herein, an integrated strategy consisting of the fitness between G8H and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) engineering, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) supply is implemented to enhance the production of 8-hydroxygeraniol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The titer of 8-hydroxygeraniol was gradually increased by 2.1-fold (up to 158.1 mg/L). Moreover, dehydrogenase ADH6 and reductase ARI1 responsible for the reduction of 8-hydroxygeraniol toward shunt products were also deleted, elevating 8-hydroxygeraniol production to 238.9 mg/L at the shake flask level. Consequently, more than 1.0 g/L 8-hydroxygeraniol in S. cerevisiae was achieved in 5.0 L fed-batch fermentation by a carbon restriction strategy, which was the highest-reported titer in microbes so far. Our work not only provides a sustainable way for de novo biosynthesis of 8-hydroxygeraniol but also sets a good reference in P450 engineering in microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herong Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guozhen Jiang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Nan Liang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mengying Shan
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingdong Yao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenhai Xiao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute, Tianjin University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Abstract
Thousands of natural products are derived from the fused cyclopentane-pyran molecular scaffold nepetalactol. These natural products are used in an enormous range of applications that span the agricultural and medical industries. For example, nepetalactone, the oxidized derivative of nepetalactol, is known for its cat attractant properties as well as potential as an insect repellent. Most of these naturally occurring nepetalactol-derived compounds arise from only two out of the eight possible stereoisomers, 7S-cis-trans and 7R-cis-cis nepetalactols. Here we use a combination of naturally occurring and engineered enzymes to produce seven of the eight possible nepetalactol or nepetalactone stereoisomers. These enzymes open the possibilities for biocatalytic production of a broader range of iridoids, providing a versatile system for the diversification of this important natural product scaffold. Iridoid compounds are an important class of natural products. Here, the authors report on the discovery and engineering of nepetalactol-related short chain reductases and their application for the biosynthesis of nepetalactol or nepetalactone stereoisomers, as a versatile system for the production of the iridoid natural product scaffold.
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Duan Y, Du Y, Yi Z, Wang Z, Pei X, Wei X, Li M. Systematic Metabolic Engineering for the Production of Azaphilones in Monascus purpureus HJ11. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1589-1600. [PMID: 35085438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fungal azaphilones have attracted considerable interest as they exhibit great potential in food and pharmacological industries. However, there is a severe bottleneck in the low production in wild strains and the ability to genetically engineer azaphilone-producing fungi. Using Monascus azaphilones (MAs) as an example, we demonstrate a systematic metabolic engineering strategy for improving the production of MAs. In this study, Monascus purpureus HJ11 was systematically engineered through a combination of promoter engineering, gene knockout, rate-limiting enzyme overexpression, repression of the competing pathway, enzyme engineering, and metabolic rebalance. The maximum yield and titer of MAs successfully increased to 906 mg/g dry cell weight (DCW) and 14.6 g/L, respectively, 2.6 and 3.7 times higher than those reported in the literature. Our successful model not only offers a practical and efficient way to improve the azaphilone production but also sheds light on the potential of systematic metabolic engineering in nonmodel fungi as a chassis for the production of high-value chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Duan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yun Du
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xiaolin Pei
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xuetuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
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7
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Fordjour E, Mensah EO, Hao Y, Yang Y, Liu X, Li Y, Liu CL, Bai Z. Toward improved terpenoids biosynthesis: strategies to enhance the capabilities of cell factories. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:6. [PMID: 38647812 PMCID: PMC10992668 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids form the most diversified class of natural products, which have gained application in the pharmaceutical, food, transportation, and fine and bulk chemical industries. Extraction from naturally occurring sources does not meet industrial demands, whereas chemical synthesis is often associated with poor enantio-selectivity, harsh working conditions, and environmental pollutions. Microbial cell factories come as a suitable replacement. However, designing efficient microbial platforms for isoprenoid synthesis is often a challenging task. This has to do with the cytotoxic effects of pathway intermediates and some end products, instability of expressed pathways, as well as high enzyme promiscuity. Also, the low enzymatic activity of some terpene synthases and prenyltransferases, and the lack of an efficient throughput system to screen improved high-performing strains are bottlenecks in strain development. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology seek to overcome these issues through the provision of effective synthetic tools. This review sought to provide an in-depth description of novel strategies for improving cell factory performance. We focused on improving transcriptional and translational efficiencies through static and dynamic regulatory elements, enzyme engineering and high-throughput screening strategies, cellular function enhancement through chromosomal integration, metabolite tolerance, and modularization of pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Fordjour
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Emmanuel Osei Mensah
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yunpeng Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yankun Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ye Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chun-Li Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Li W, Sun LT, Zhao L, Yue XD, Dai SJ. New C 9 -Monoterpenoid Alkaloids Featuring a Rare Skeleton with Anti-Inflammatory and Antiviral Activities from Forsythia suspensa. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100668. [PMID: 34812586 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Forsyqinlingines C (1) and D (2), two C9 -monoterpenoid alkaloids bearing a rare skeleton, were isolated from the ripe fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were fully elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and ECD experiments. The plausible biogenetic pathway for compounds 1 and 2 was also proposed. In vitro, two C9 -monoterpenoid alkaloids showed anti-inflammatory activity performed by the inhibitory effect on the release of β-glucuronidase in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), as well as antiviral activity against influenza A (H1N1) virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Li-Tong Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Dian Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Jun Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
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Bat-Erdene U, Billingsley JM, Turner WC, Lichman BR, Ippoliti FM, Garg NK, O'Connor SE, Tang Y. Cell-Free Total Biosynthesis of Plant Terpene Natural Products using an Orthogonal Cofactor Regeneration System. ACS Catal 2021; 11:9898-9903. [PMID: 35355836 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the one-pot, cell-free enzymatic synthesis of the plant monoterpene nepetalactol starting from the readily available geraniol. A pair of orthogonal cofactor regeneration systems permitted NAD+-dependent geraniol oxidation followed by NADPH-dependent reductive cyclization without isolation of intermediates. The orthogonal cofactor regeneration system maintained a high ratio of NAD+ to NADH and a low ratio of NADP+ to NADPH. The overall reaction contains four biosynthetic enzymes, including a soluble P450; and five accessory and cofactor regeneration enzymes. Furthermore, addition of a NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase to the one-pot mixture led to ~1 g/L of nepetalactone, the active cat- attractant in catnip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undramaa Bat-Erdene
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John M Billingsley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William C Turner
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin R Lichman
- Centre for Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Francesca M Ippoliti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E O'Connor
- Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Awakawa T, Abe I. Reconstitution of Polyketide-Derived Meroterpenoid Biosynthetic Pathway in Aspergillus oryzae. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7060486. [PMID: 34208768 PMCID: PMC8235479 DOI: 10.3390/jof7060486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterologous gene expression system with Aspergillus oryzae as the host is an effective method to investigate fungal secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways for reconstruction to produce un-natural molecules due to its high productivity and genetic tractability. In this review, we focus on biosynthetic studies of fungal polyketide-derived meroterpenoids, a group of bioactive natural products, by means of the A. oryzae heterologous expression system. The heterologous expression methods and the biosynthetic reactions are described in detail for future prospects to create un-natural molecules via biosynthetic re-design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Awakawa
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ikuro Abe
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (I.A.)
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