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Zhao Z, Chen R, Ng K. Effects of Differently Processed Tea on the Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2024; 29:4020. [PMID: 39274868 PMCID: PMC11397556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29174020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tea is a highly popular beverage, primarily due to its unique flavor and aroma as well as its perceived health benefits. The impact of tea on the gut microbiome could be an important means by which tea exerts its health benefits since the link between the gut microbiome and health is strong. This review provided a discussion of the bioactive compounds in tea and the human gut microbiome and how the gut microbiome interacts with tea polyphenols. Importantly, studies were compiled on the impact of differently processed tea, which contains different polyphenol profiles, on the gut microbiota from in vivo animal feeding trials, in vitro human fecal fermentation experiments, and in vivo human feeding trials from 2004-2024. The results were discussed in terms of different tea types and how their impacts are related to or different from each other in these three study groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ruofan Chen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ken Ng
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Xie P, Luo HT, Pei WJ, Xiao MY, Li FF, Gu YL, Piao XL. Saponins derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum regulate triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism and the mechanisms: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117186. [PMID: 37722515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (G. pentaphyllum) can be used for both medicinal and tea and has lipid-lowering properties. Modern research has shown that its main bioactive components are flavonoids and saponins. It has many beneficial effects such as hypolipidemic, anti-cancer, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review aimed to summarize its anti-glycolipid metabolic models and mechanisms are reviewed to facilitate a deeper understanding of the mechanism in lowering lipids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information related to lipid lowering in G. pentaphyllum was collated by reviewing the relevant literature in the PubMed database from 1985 to 2023. RESULTS Only 101 G. pentaphyllum compounds have been initially explored for their hypolipidemic activity. There are cell models, animal models and human subjects for lipid-lowering of it. It reduced triglyceride level via PPAR/UCP-1/PGC-1α/PRDM16 and (SREBP-1c)-ACC/FAS-CPT1 signal pathways. Cholesterol-lowering effects via (SREBP-2)-HMGCR, PCSK9-LDLR and bile acid biosynthetic pathways. Activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key factor in the regulation of glycolipid metabolism in G. pentaphyllum. Other pathways of action of G. pentaphyllum in regulating glucolipid metabolism are also discussed in this paper. CONCLUSION To date, more than 328 saponins have been isolated and identified in Gynostemma. Further studies on these components, including molecular mechanisms and in vivo metabolic regulation, need to be further confirmed. G. pentaphyllum has the potential to be developed into drugs or functional foods, but further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao-Tian Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wen-Jing Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Man-Yu Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu-Long Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
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3
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Yuan L, Li Y, Chen M, Xue L, Wang J, Ding Y, Gu Q, Zhang J, Zhao H, Xie X, Wu Q. Therapeutic applications of gut microbes in cardiometabolic diseases: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:156. [PMID: 38244075 PMCID: PMC10799778 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) encompasses a range of diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Recent findings about CMD's interaction with gut microbiota have broadened our understanding of how diet and nutrition drive microbes to influence CMD. However, the translation of basic research into the clinic has not been smooth, and dietary nutrition and probiotic supplementation have yet to show significant evidence of the therapeutic benefits of CMD. In addition, the published reviews do not suggest the core microbiota or metabolite classes that influence CMD, and systematically elucidate the causal relationship between host disease phenotypes-microbiome. The aim of this review is to highlight the complex interaction of the gut microbiota and their metabolites with CMD progression and to further centralize and conceptualize the mechanisms of action between microbial and host disease phenotypes. We also discuss the potential of targeting modulations of gut microbes and metabolites as new targets for prevention and treatment of CMD, including the use of emerging technologies such as fecal microbiota transplantation and nanomedicine. KEY POINTS: • To highlight the complex interaction of the gut microbiota and their metabolites with CMD progression and to further centralize and conceptualize the mechanisms of action between microbial and host disease phenotypes. • We also discuss the potential of targeting modulations of gut microbes and metabolites as new targets for prevention and treatment of CMD, including the use of emerging technologies such as FMT and nanomedicine. • Our study provides insight into identification-specific microbiomes and metabolites involved in CMD, and microbial-host changes and physiological factors as disease phenotypes develop, which will help to map the microbiome individually and capture pathogenic mechanisms as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
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4
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Duan S, Li H, Wang Z, Li J, Huang W, Fang Z, Li C, Zeng Z, Sun B, Liu Y. Tibetan tea consumption prevents obesity by modulating the cellular composition and metabolic reprogramming of white adipose tissue. Food Funct 2024; 15:208-222. [PMID: 38047533 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a global health concern, is linked with numerous metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Tibetan tea, a traditional Chinese beverage rich in theabrownin, is investigated in this study for its potential anti-obesity effects. Our work demonstrates that Tibetan tea consumption in C57BL/6J mice significantly mitigates obesity-related phenotypic changes without altering energy intake. Computational prediction revealed that Tibetan tea consumption reconstructs gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT), promoting lipid catabolism and thereby increasing energy expenditure. We also note that Tibetan tea suppresses inflammation in WAT, reducing adipocyte hyperplasia and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, Tibetan tea induces profound metabolic reprogramming, influencing amino acid metabolic pathways, specifically enhancing glutamine synthesis, which in turn suppresses pro-inflammatory chemokine production. These findings highlight Tibetan tea as a potential candidate in obesity prevention, providing a nuanced understanding of its capacity to modulate the cellular composition and metabolic landscape of WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqi Duan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Hongyu Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Ziqi Wang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Junqi Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Weimin Huang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Zhen Zeng
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Baofa Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
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5
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Zhao X, Yan F, Li X, Qu D, Xu Y. A systematic review of tea pigments: Prevention of major diseases, protection of organs, and potential mechanisms and applications. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6830-6844. [PMID: 37970420 PMCID: PMC10630803 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the growing awareness of a healthy life, tea pigments (TPGs) are in focus for their health benefits. TPGs not only provide specific color to tea liquor but also possess health benefits such as anti-obesity, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, and bacteriostatic properties. Also, TPGs can benefit bone, liver, kidney, cardiovascular, gut microbiome, and sleep health. Based on previous reports, this review provides a brief introduction to the health benefits of TPGs, focusing on the prevention of human diseases and the protection of organs. Also, the latest research on the functional mechanism(s), practical application, and development strategies of TPGs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhao
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Fei Yan
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
- Shaanxi Bio‐Resources Key LaboratoryHanzhongChina
- Coordination and Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological ResourcesHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Xin‐Sheng Li
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
- Shaanxi Bio‐Resources Key LaboratoryHanzhongChina
- Coordination and Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological ResourcesHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Dong Qu
- Shaanxi Bio‐Resources Key LaboratoryHanzhongChina
- Coordination and Innovation Center for Comprehensive Development of Qinba Biological ResourcesHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
| | - Yue‐Ling Xu
- Qinba Black Tea Research Institute, Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
- College of Biological Science and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongChina
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6
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Mei H, Li J, Liu S, Jeyaraj A, Zhuang J, Wang Y, Chen X, Yuan Q, Li X. The Role of Green Tea on the Regulation of Gut Microbes and Prevention of High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:2953. [PMID: 37569222 PMCID: PMC10418490 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea is a popular non-alcoholic beverage consumed worldwide and has been shown to be beneficial for human health. However, further exploration is needed to fully understand its function in reducing obesity and regulating gut microbes. Here, we investigated the modulatory effects of green tea and its functional components on high-fat diet (HF)-induced metabolic alterations and gut microbiota in obese mice. Our results showed that 1%, 2%, and 4% of green tea promotes weight loss, with the 2% and 4% groups exhibiting distinct gut microflora clusters compared to the HF group. These results were comparable to those observed in the tea polyphenols (TPP)-treated group, suggesting the TPP in green tea plays a crucial role in body weight control and gut microbiota regulation. Additionally, 32 bacteria were identified as potential obesity markers via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The 16SrDNA gene is a chromosomal gene present in all bacterial species, highly conserved in structure and function, that can reflect the differences between different taxa. The 16S rRNA-based analysis revealed that Akkermansia, a gut-beneficial bacteria, significantly increased in the TPP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Mei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Jin Li
- College of Tourism and Economic Management, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330032, China;
| | - Shujing Liu
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for the Belt and Road, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.L.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Anburaj Jeyaraj
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for the Belt and Road, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.L.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Jing Zhuang
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for the Belt and Road, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.L.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Yuhua Wang
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for the Belt and Road, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.L.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Xuan Chen
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for the Belt and Road, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.L.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Qijun Yuan
- Northern Tea Germplasm Resource Center, Rizhao 276808, China;
| | - Xinghui Li
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for the Belt and Road, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.L.); (A.J.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.C.)
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7
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Zhao S, Hu S, Sun K, Luo L, Zeng L. Pu-erh tea intake enhances the anti-obesity effect of intermittent fasting via modulating follicle-stimulating hormone and gut dysbacteriosis in female high-fat-diet mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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8
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Zhao S, Hu S, Sun K, Luo L, Zeng L. Long-term Pu-erh tea consumption improves blue light-induced depression-like behaviors. Food Funct 2023; 14:2313-2325. [PMID: 36779860 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Blue light emitted by smartphones and tablets at night increases the risk of depression. Pu-erh tea has been reported to reduce the risk of depression by regulating tryptophan metabolism, but its underlying protective mechanism on depression induced by blue light at night (BLAN) remains unclear. In this work, two groups of C57BL6/J mice were given water or 0.25% (w/v) Pu-erh tea for 120 days, followed by a 45-day BLAN treatment (400 lux blue light between 21:00 and 23:00) to simulate blue light emitted from electronic equipment. Our results indicated that BLAN induced depression-like behaviors and gut microbiota disorders in healthy mice. Pu-erh tea intake significantly reshaped the gut microbiome (especially Bifidobacterium) and regulated the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which protected the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This improvement further reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and alleviated neuroinflammation by inhibiting MyD88/NF-κB pathways which finally regulated neurotransmitters such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Collectively, 0.25% (w/v) Pu-erh tea has the potential to prevent BLAN-induced depression-like behaviors by reshaping the gut microbiota and increasing the generation of SCFAs via the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibo Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Kang Sun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Litchi thaumatin-like protein induced the liver inflammation and altered the gut microbiota community structure in mice. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Hou Y, Zhang Z, Cui Y, Peng C, Fan Y, Tan C, Wang Q, Liu Z, Gong J. Pu-erh Tea and Theabrownin Ameliorate Metabolic Syndrome in Mice via Potential Microbiota-Gut-Liver-Brain Interactions. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hawk Tea Flavonoids as Natural Hepatoprotective Agents Alleviate Acute Liver Damage by Reshaping the Intestinal Microbiota and Modulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173662. [PMID: 36079919 PMCID: PMC9459715 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hawk tea (Litsea coreana Levl. var. lanuginosa) is a traditional herbal tea in southwestern China, and was found to possess hepatoprotective effects in our previous study. However, it is unclear whether hawk tea flavonoids (HTF) can alleviate alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Firstly, we extracted and identified the presence of 191 molecules categorized as HTFs, with reynoutrin, avicularin, guaijaverin, cynaroside, and kaempferol-7-O-glucoside being the most prevalent. After taking bioavailability into consideration and conducting comprehensive sorting, the contribution of guaijaverin was the highest (0.016 mg/mice). Then, by daily intragastric administration of HTF (100 mg/kg/day) to the ALD mice, we found that HTF alleviated liver lipid deposition (inhibition of TG, TC, LDL-C) by reducing liver oxidative-stress-mediated inflammation (up-regulation NRF2/HO-1 and down-regulation TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway) and reshaping the gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus increased). Overall, we found HTF could be a potential protective natural compound for treating ALD via the gut–liver axis and guaijaverin might be the key substance involved.
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12
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Genomic analysis of intestinal flora and liver genes in mice with circadian rhythm disorders fed with flavonoids from Sedum aizoon L. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Kidney Bean Fermented Broth Alleviates Hyperlipidemic by Regulating Serum Metabolites and Gut Microbiota Composition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153202. [PMID: 35956378 PMCID: PMC9370468 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia with fat accumulation and weight gain causes metabolic diseases and endangers human body health easily which is accompanied by metabolic abnormalities and intestinal flora disorders. In this study, the kidney bean fermented broth (KBF) was used in rats that were fed a high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia in order to subsequently analyse the serum metabolomics and gut microbiota modulatoration. The results show that the contents of the total polyphenols and total flavonoids in the KBF were up three and one times, while energy and carbohydrates decreased. In the HFD-induced hyperlipidemic model, body weight, organ weight, and the level of blood lipids (ALT, AST, TG, TC) were lower in rats treated with KBF than in the controls. Metabonomics indicate that there were significant differences in serum metabolomics between the KBF and the HFD. KBF could significantly improve the glycerophospholipids, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism and amino acid metabolism of hyperlipidemic rats and then improve the symptoms of hypersterol and fat accumulation in rats. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria increased while pathogenic bacteria decreased after the intervention of KBF. KBF ameliorates dyslipidemia of HFD-induced hyperlipidemic via modulating the blood metabolism and the intestinal microbiota. Collectively, these findings suggest that KBF could be developed as a functional food for anti-hyperlipidemia.
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14
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A comprehensive review on bioavailability, safety and antidepressant potential of natural bioactive components from tea. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Hu S, Hu C, Luo L, Zhang H, Zhao S, Liu Z, Zeng L. Pu-erh tea increases the metabolite Cinnabarinic acid to improve circadian rhythm disorder-induced obesity. Food Chem 2022; 394:133500. [PMID: 35749873 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the circadian rhythm disorders (CRD)-mediated metabolic disorder syndromes. Pu-erh tea is a viable dietary intervention for CRD, however its effect on CRD-induced obesity is unclear. Here, we found that Pu-erh tea improved obesity in CRD-induced mice, which stemmed from the production of Cinnabarinic acid (CA). CA promoted adipose tissue lipolysis and thermogenic response (HSL, ATGL, Pparα, CKB, UCP1) and increased adipocyte sensitivity to hormones and neurotransmitters by targeting the expression of adipose tissue receptor proteins (Q6KAT8, P51655, A2AKQ0, M0QWX7, Q6ZQ33, and mGluR4). This improved mitochondrial activity and facilitated adipose tissue metabolic processes, thereby accelerating glucolipid metabolism. Also, CA-induced alterations in gut microbes and short-chain fatty acids further improved CRD-mediated lipid accumulation. These results suggest that the increase of CA caused by Pu-erh tea, targeted to adipose tissue via the metabolite-blood circulation-adipose tissue axis, maybe a key mechanism for reducing the development of CRD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changhua Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Sibo Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Hu S, Luo L, Bian X, Liu RH, Zhao S, Chen Y, Sun K, Jiang J, Liu Z, Zeng L. Pu-erh Tea Restored Circadian Rhythm Disruption by Regulating Tryptophan Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5610-5623. [PMID: 35475616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pu-erh tea is a healthy beverage rich in phytochemicals, and its effect on the risk of inducing circadian rhythm disorders (CRD) is unclear. In this study, healthy mice were given water or 0.25% (w/v) Pu-erh tea for 7 weeks, followed by a 40 day disruption of the light/dark cycle. CRD caused dysregulation of neurotransmitter secretion and clock gene oscillations, intestinal inflammation, and disruption of intestinal microbes and metabolites. Pu-erh tea boosted the indole and 5-hydroxytryptamine pathways of tryptophan metabolism via the gut-liver-brain axis. Furthermore, its metabolites (e.g., IAA, Indole, 5-HT) enhanced hepatic glycolipid metabolism and down-regulated intestinal oxidative stress by improving the brain hormone release. Tryptophan metabolites and bile acids also promoted liver lipid metabolism and inhibited intestinal inflammation (MyD88/NF-κB) via the enterohepatic circulation. Collectively, 0.25% (w/v) Pu-erh tea has the potential to prevent CRD by promoting indole and 5-HT pathways of tryptophan metabolism and signaling interactions in the gut-liver-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xintong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850-7201, United States
| | - Sibo Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kang Sun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jielin Jiang
- Menghai Tea Factory·TAETEA Group, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan 666200, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
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Pu-erh tea: A review of a healthful brew. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Wei Y, Xu J, Miao S, Wei K, Peng L, Wang Y, Wei X. Recent advances in the utilization of tea active ingredients to regulate sleep through neuroendocrine pathway, immune system and intestinal microbiota. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7598-7626. [PMID: 35266837 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2048291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disorders have received widespread attention nowadays, which have been promoted by the accelerated pace of life, unhealthy diets and lack of exercise in modern society. The chemical medications to improve sleep has shown serious side effects and risks with high costs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient nutraceuticals from natural sources to ensure sleep quality as a sustainable strategy. As the second most consumed beverage worldwide, the health-promoting effects of tea have long been widely recognized. However, the modulatory effect of teas on sleep disorders has received much less attention. Tea contains various natural sleep-modulating active ingredients such as L-theanine (LTA), caffeine, tea polyphenols (TPP), tea pigments, tea polysaccharides (TPS) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This review focuses on the potential influence and main regulating mechanisms of different tea active ingredients on sleep, including being absorbed by the small intestine and then cross the blood-brain barrier to act on neurons in the brain as neurotransmitters, manipulating the immune system and further affect sleep-wake cycle by regulating the levels of cytokines, and controlling the gut microbes to maintain the homeostasis of circadian rhythm. Current research progress and limitations are summarized and several future development directions are also proposed. This review hopes to provide new insights into the future elucidation of the sleep-regulating mechanisms of different teas and their natural active ingredients and the development of tea-based functional foods for alleviating sleep disorders. HighlightsNatural sleep-modulating active ingredients in tea have been summarized.Influences of drinking tea or tea active ingredients on sleep are reviewed.Three main regulating mechanisms of tea active ingredients on sleep are explained.The associations among nervous system, immune system and intestinal microbiota are investigated.The potential of developing delivery carriers for tea active ingredients is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Siwei Miao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kang Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Peng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Hu S, Luo L, Zeng L. Tea combats circadian rhythm disorder syndrome via the gut-liver-brain axis: potential mechanisms speculated. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7126-7147. [PMID: 35187990 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is an intrinsic mechanism developed by organisms to adapt to external environmental signals. Nowadays, owing to the job and after-work entertainment, staying up late - Circadian rhythm disorders (CRD) are common. CRD is linked to the development of fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, and chronic gastroenteritis, which affecting the body's metabolic and inflammatory responses via multi-organ crosstalk (gut-liver-brain axis, etc.). However, studies on the mechanisms of multi-organ interactions by CRD are still weak. Current studies on therapeutic agents for CRD remain inadequate, and phytochemicals have been shown to alleviate CRD-induced syndromes that may be used for CRD-therapy in the future. Tea, a popular phytochemical-rich beverage, reduces glucolipid metabolism and inflammation. But it is immature and unclear in the mechanisms of alleviation of CRD-mediated syndrome. Here, we have analyzed the threat of CRD to hosts and their offspring' health from the perspective of the "gut-liver-brain" axis. The potential mechanisms of tea in alleviating CRD were further explored. It might be by interfering with bile acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and G protein-coupled receptors, with FXR, AHR, and GPCR as potential targets. We hope to provide new perspectives on the role of tea in the prevention and mitigation of CRD.HighlightsThe review highlights the health challenges of CRD via the gut-liver-brain axis.CRD research should focus on the health effects on healthy models and its offspring.Tea may prevent CRD by regulating bile acid, tryptophan, and GPCR.Potential targets for tea prevention and mitigation of CRD include FXR, AHR and GPCR.A comprehensive assessment mechanism for tea in improving CRD should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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