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Islam MR, Youngblood M, Kim HI, González-Gamboa I, Monroy-Borrego AG, Caparco AA, Lowry GV, Steinmetz NF, Giraldo JP. DNA Delivery by Virus-Like Nanocarriers in Plant Cells. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:7833-7842. [PMID: 38887996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV)-like nanocarriers were designed for gene delivery to plant cells. High aspect ratio TMGMVs were coated with a polycationic biopolymer, poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH), to generate highly charged nanomaterials (TMGMV-PAH; 56.20 ± 4.7 mV) that efficiently load (1:6 TMGMV:DNA mass ratio) and deliver single-stranded and plasmid DNA to plant cells. The TMGMV-PAH were taken up through energy-independent mechanisms in Arabidopsis protoplasts. TMGMV-PAH delivered a plasmid DNA encoding a green fluorescent protein (GFP) to the protoplast nucleus (70% viability), as evidenced by GFP expression using confocal microscopy and Western blot analysis. TMGMV-PAH were inactivated (iTMGMV-PAH) using UV cross-linking to prevent systemic infection in intact plants. Inactivated iTMGMV-PAH-mediated pDNA delivery and gene expression of GFP in vivo was determined using confocal microscopy and RT-qPCR. Virus-like nanocarrier-mediated gene delivery can act as a facile and biocompatible tool for advancing genetic engineering in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Reyazul Islam
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Marina Youngblood
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Hye-In Kim
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Ivonne González-Gamboa
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Adam A Caparco
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Center for Nano-Immuno Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, Moores Cancer Center, and Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Juan Pablo Giraldo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, United States
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Soni S, Jha AB, Dubey RS, Sharma P. Nanowonders in agriculture: Unveiling the potential of nanoparticles to boost crop resilience to salinity stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171433. [PMID: 38458469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinization significantly affects crop production by reducing crop quality and decreasing yields. Climate change can intensify salinity-related challenges, making the task of achieving global food security more complex. To address the problem of elevated salinity stress in crops, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising solution. NPs, characterized by their small size and extensive surface area, exhibit remarkable functionality and reactivity. Various types of NPs, including metal and metal oxide NPs, carbon-based NPs, polymer-based NPs, and modified NPs, have displayed potential for mitigating salinity stress in plants. However, the effectiveness of NPs application in alleviating plant stress is dependent upon multiple factors, such as NPs size, exposure duration, plant species, particle composition, and prevailing environmental conditions. Moreover, alterations to NPs surfaces through functionalization and coating also play a role in influencing plant tolerance to salinity stress. NPs can influence cellular processes by impacting signal transduction and gene expression. They counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulate the water balance, enhance photosynthesis and nutrient uptake and promote plant growth and yield. The objective of this review is to discuss the positive impacts of diverse NPs on alleviating salinity stress within plants. The intricate mechanisms through which NPs accomplish this mitigation are also discussed. Furthermore, this review addresses existing research gaps, recent breakthroughs, and prospective avenues for utilizing NPs to combat salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Soni
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Ambuj Bhushan Jha
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Rama Shanker Dubey
- Central University of Gujarat, Sector-29, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Pallavi Sharma
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India.
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Cahill MS, Arsenault T, Bui TH, Zuverza-Mena N, Bharadwaj A, Prapayotin-Riveros K, White JC, Dimkpa CO. Copper Stimulation of Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol Production in Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) Is Copper-Type, Dose, and Cultivar Dependent. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6921-6930. [PMID: 38516700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an element widely used as a pesticide for the control of plant diseases. Cu is also known to influence a range of plant secondary metabolisms. However, it is not known whether Cu influences the levels of the major metabolites in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). This study investigated the impact of Cu on the levels of these cannabinoids in two hemp cultivars, Wife and Merlot, under field conditions, as a function of harvest time (August-September), Cu type (nano, bulk, or ionic), and dose (50, 100, and 500 ppm). In Wife, Cu caused significant temporal increases in THC and CBD production during plant growth, reaching increases of 33% and 31% for THC and 51% and 16.5% for CBD by harvests 3 and 4, respectively. CuO nanoparticles at 50 and 100 ppm significantly increased THC and CBD levels, compared to the control, respectively, by 18% and 27% for THC and 19.9% and 33.6% for CBD. These nanospecific increases coincided with significantly more Cu in the inflorescences (buds) than in the control and bulk CuO treatments. Contrarily, no temporal induction of the cannabinoids by Cu was noticed in Merlot, suggesting a cultivar-specific response to Cu. However, overall, in Merlot, Cu ions, but not particulate Cu, induced THC and CBD levels by 27% and 36%, respectively, compared to the control. Collectively, our findings provide information with contrasting implications in the production of these cannabinoids, where, dependent on the cultivar, metabolite levels may rise above the 0.3% regulatory threshold for THC but to a more profitable level for CBD. Further investigations with a wider range of hemp cultivars, CuO nanoparticle (NP) doses, and harvest times would clarify the significance and broader implications of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan S Cahill
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Terri Arsenault
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Trung Huu Bui
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Anuja Bharadwaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Kitty Prapayotin-Riveros
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Christian O Dimkpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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4
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Vaidya S, Deng C, Wang Y, Zuverza-Mena N, Dimkpa C, White JC. Nanotechnology in agriculture: A solution to global food insecurity in a changing climate? NANOIMPACT 2024; 34:100502. [PMID: 38508516 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Although the Green Revolution dramatically increased food production, it led to non- sustainable conventional agricultural practices, with productivity in general declining over the last few decades. Maintaining food security with a world population exceeding 9 billion in 2050, a changing climate, and declining arable land will be exceptionally challenging. In fact, nothing short of a revolution in how we grow, distribute, store, and consume food is needed. In the last ten years, the field of nanotoxicology in plant systems has largely transitioned to one of sustainable nano-enabled applications, with recent discoveries on the use of this advanced technology in agriculture showing tremendous promise. The range of applications is quite extensive, including direct application of nanoscale nutrients for improved plant health, nutrient biofortification, increased photosynthetic output, and greater rates of nitrogen fixation. Other applications include nano-facilitated delivery of both fertilizers and pesticides; nano-enabled delivery of genetic material for gene silencing against viral pathogens and insect pests; and nanoscale sensors to support precision agriculture. Recent efforts have demonstrated that nanoscale strategies increase tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stressors, offering realistic potential to generate climate resilient crops. Considering the efficiency of nanoscale materials, there is a need to make their production more economical, alongside efficient use of incumbent resources such as water and energy. The hallmark of many of these approaches involves much greater impact with far less input of material. However, demonstrations of efficacy at field scale are still insufficient in the literature, and a thorough understanding of mechanisms of action is both necessary and often not evident. Although nanotechnology holds great promise for combating global food insecurity, there are far more ways to do this poorly than safely and effectively. This review summarizes recent work in this space, calling out existing knowledge gaps and suggesting strategies to alleviate those concerns to advance the field of sustainable nano-enabled agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Vaidya
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Chaoyi Deng
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Nubia Zuverza-Mena
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Christian Dimkpa
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
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Xie T, Wang J, Zhang S, Song J, Zan G, Wu J, Na R, Wu Q, He R. Fabrication of three-dimension hierarchical structure CuO nanoflowers and their antifungal mechanism against Bipolaris sorokiniana. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 411:110551. [PMID: 38171235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are widely investigated in sustainable agriculture owing to their unique physicochemical properties, especially Cu-based nanomaterial with eco-friendliness and essential for plant. However, the effect of CuO nanomaterial on Bipolaris sorokiniana (B. sorokiniana) is yet to be systematically understood. In this study, a three-dimension hierarchical structure CuO nanoflower (CuO NF) with ultrathin petals and excellent dispersibility in water was constructed and proved to have outstanding antifungal activity against B. sorokiniana with the inhibition rate of 86 % in mycelial growth, 74 % in mycelial dry weight and 75 % in conidial germination. Furthermore, the antifungal mechanism was assigned to the production of reactive oxygen species in intracellular caused by antioxidant mimicking activity of CuO NF to damage of cell membrane integrity and result cellular leakage. Additionally, the good control effect of CuO NF on wheat diseases caused by B. sorokiniana was demonstrated through pot experiment. This article firstly reveals the antifungal activity and mechanism of CuO NF on B. sorokiniana, and establishes the relationship between enzyme-like activity of CuO NF and its antifungal activity, which provides a promising application of Cu-based nanomaterial as nanofungicide in plant protection and a theoretical foundation for structure design of nanomaterials to improve their antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenglong Xie
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiaxiang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shibo Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jinhui Song
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guangtao Zan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiakai Wu
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Risong Na
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qingnan Wu
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Rui He
- College of Plant Protection, NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Praise S, Miyazawa M, Phung LD, Nishiyama M, Kumar A, Watanabe T. Impact of nCuO containing treated wastewater on soil microbes and dissolved organic matter in paddy field leachate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122923. [PMID: 37977365 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Using treated wastewater (TWW) resources in agriculture is a major pathway for disseminating nanoparticles. Copper-oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) offer potential benefits, but their presence in the environment poses risks to agricultural and environmental sustainability. This study examined soil microbial transformations and the composition of leachate dissolved organic matter (DOM) of paddy soils irrigated with nCuO-contaminated TWW at different concentrations (T2: 0.02 mgL-1, T3: 0.2 mgL-1, T4: 2.0 mgL-1) and examined the differences in Cu source (T5: 0.2 mgL-1 CuSO4). Results showed negative impacts on the absolute microbial abundance with up to 46 % reduction relative to the control treatment (T1). Changes in relative abundance of specific microbes at the genus level deviated from the corresponding phyla. Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobia phyla increased in the surface (0-3 cm) and subsurface (3-15 cm) layers responding differently to nCuO. In the 0-3 cm layer, Nitrospirae, Euryarchaeota, and Crenarchaeota increased, but only Dechloromonas genus from Proteobacteria increased with increasing nCuO. No significant variations were observed in the DOM composition, except in T4, which had a significantly low content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen, and terrestrial humic-like and protein-like components. Ninety-eight distinct genera were identified, of which 44%, including 15 bacteria and two archaea, varied between the surface and subsurface, among treatments, and significantly correlated with more DOM parameters in the subsurface. T4 had the highest microbial diversity in the 0-3 layer, and Cu treatments slightly increased the diversity index in the subsurface. Moreover, the effects differed by Cu source, with T3 showing 10 % more reduction in the subsurface and 17 % less reduction in the surface than T5. The variable microbial responses to nCuO and their strong correlations with DOM highlight the need to consider the potential consequences of low nCuO concentrations on biogeochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Praise
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Wakaba Machi 1-23, Tsuruoka Shi, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Miyazawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Wakaba Machi 1-23, Tsuruoka Shi, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Luc Duc Phung
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Wakaba Machi 1-23, Tsuruoka Shi, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Masateru Nishiyama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Wakaba Machi 1-23, Tsuruoka Shi, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Toru Watanabe
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Wakaba Machi 1-23, Tsuruoka Shi, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
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7
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Deng C, Protter CR, Wang Y, Borgatta J, Zhou J, Wang P, Goyal V, Brown HJ, Rodriguez-Otero K, Dimkpa CO, Hernandez R, Hamers RJ, White JC, Elmer WH. Nanoscale CuO charge and morphology control Fusarium suppression and nutrient biofortification in field-grown tomato and watermelon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167799. [PMID: 37838047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Limited data exist on how surface charge and morphology impact the effectiveness of nanoscale copper oxide (CuO) as an agricultural amendment under field conditions. This study investigated the impact of these factors on tomatoes and watermelons following foliar treatment with CuO nanosheets (NS-) or nanospikes (NP+ and NP-) exhibiting positive or negative surface charge. Results showed plant species-dependent benefits. Notably, tomatoes infected with Fusarium oxysporum had significantly reduced disease progression when treated with NS-. Watermelons benefited similarly from NP+. Although disease suppression was significant and trends indicated increased yield, the yield effects weren't statistically significant. However, several nanoscale treatments significantly enhanced the fruit's nutritional value, and this nano-enabled biofortification was a function of particle charge and morphology. Negatively charged nanospikes significantly increased the Fe content of healthy watermelon and tomato (20-28 %) and Ca in healthy tomato (66 %), compared to their positively charged counterpart. Negatively charged nanospikes also outperformed negatively charged nanosheets, leading to significant increases in the content of S and Mg in infected watermelon (37-38 %), Fe in healthy watermelon (58 %), and Ca (42 %) in healthy tomato. These findings highlight the potential of tuning nanoscale CuO chemistry for disease suppression and enhanced food quality under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Deng
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Connor R Protter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Jaya Borgatta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Peiying Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Vinod Goyal
- Department of Botany & Plant Physiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Hannah J Brown
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, United States
| | | | - Christian O Dimkpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Rigoberto Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Robert J Hamers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States.
| | - Wade H Elmer
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
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McConnell LL, Osorio C, Hofmann T. The Future of Agriculture and Food: Sustainable Approaches to Achieve Zero Hunger. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13165-13167. [PMID: 37643297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura L McConnell
- Crop Science Division Regulatory Scientific Affairs, Bayer U.S. LLC, St. Louis, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Coralia Osorio
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AA14490 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Cao X, Chen X, Liu Y, Wang C, Yue L, Elmer WH, White JC, Wang Z, Xing B. Lanthanum Silicate Nanomaterials Enhance Sheath Blight Resistance in Rice: Mechanisms of Action and Soil Health Evaluation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15821-15835. [PMID: 37553292 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, foliar spray with lanthanum (La) based nanomaterials (La10Si6O27 nanorods, La10Si6O27 nanoparticle, La(OH)3 nanorods, and La2O3 nanoparticle) suppressed the occurrence of sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) in rice. The beneficial effects were morphology-, composition-, and concentration-dependent. Foliar application of La10Si6O27 nanorods (100 mg/L) yielded the greatest disease suppression, significantly decreasing the disease severity by 62.4% compared with infected controls; this level of control was 2.7-fold greater than the commercially available pesticide (Thifluzamide). The order of efficacy was as follows: La10Si6O27 nanorods > La10Si6O27 nanoparticle > La(OH)3 nanorods > La2O3 nanoparticle. Mechanistically, (1) La10Si6O27 nanorods had greater bioavailability, slower dissolution, and simultaneous Si nutrient benefits; (2) transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that La10Si6O27 nanorods simultaneously strengthened rice systemic acquired resistance, physical barrier formation, and antioxidative systems. Additionally, La10Si6O27 nanorods improved rice yield by 35.4% and promoted the nutritional quality of the seeds as compared with the Thifluzamide treatment. A two-year La10Si6O27 nanorod exposure had no effect on soil health based on the evaluated chemical, physical, and biological soil properties. These findings demonstrate that La based nanomaterials can serve as an effective and sustainable strategy to safeguard crops and highlight the importance of nanomaterial composition and morphology in terms of optimizing benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yinglin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wade H Elmer
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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